KR20030021310A - Piston - Google Patents

Piston Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20030021310A
KR20030021310A KR1020010054358A KR20010054358A KR20030021310A KR 20030021310 A KR20030021310 A KR 20030021310A KR 1020010054358 A KR1020010054358 A KR 1020010054358A KR 20010054358 A KR20010054358 A KR 20010054358A KR 20030021310 A KR20030021310 A KR 20030021310A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
piston
combustion chamber
top ring
perforation holes
pressure
Prior art date
Application number
KR1020010054358A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
이성학
Original Assignee
현대자동차주식회사
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Application filed by 현대자동차주식회사 filed Critical 현대자동차주식회사
Priority to KR1020010054358A priority Critical patent/KR20030021310A/en
Publication of KR20030021310A publication Critical patent/KR20030021310A/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00Pistons 
    • F02F3/28Other pistons with specially-shaped head
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00Check valves
    • F16K15/02Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/04Check valves with guided rigid valve members shaped as balls

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A piston is provided to prevent oil from penetrating into a combustion chamber of an engine by stably operating a piston top ring. CONSTITUTION: A piston(1) has ring grooves(2,3). Piston rings(4,5) are inserted into the ring grooves(2,3) of the piston(1). The piston(1) makes contact with an inner wall(6a) of a cylinder(6) through the piston rings(4,5). Perforation holes(7) are vertically formed adjacent to a top land section(8). A head(1a) of the piston(1) is communicated with the top ring groove(2) through the perforation holes(7). A plurality of perforation holes(7) are formed along the top ring groove(2). A check ball valve(10) is installed in the perforation holes(7). The check ball valve(10) moves down by internal pressure of a combustion chamber(11) while compressing a return spring(9), thereby opening the perforation holes(7).

Description

피스톤탑링의 기능을 향상할 수 있는 구조의 피스톤{Piston}Piston with structure that can improve the function of piston top ring

본 발명은 피스톤탑링의 기능을 향상할 수 있는 구조의 피스톤에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a piston having a structure capable of improving the function of the piston top ring.

피스톤은 실린더내를 왕복하며, 팽창 행정에서 고온·고압의 가스압력을 받아 이것을 커넥팅로드를 거쳐 크랭크축에 회전력을 주기 위한 기구로서, 도 3에 도시하는 것과 같이 피스톤(20)의 헤드부(20a)는 연소실이 일부를 형성하는 실린더(21)와 같은 고온의 영향을 직접 받게 되지만, 냉각수나 외기로 직접 냉각할 수가 없기 때문에 실린더(21)에 비해 그 팽창 비율이 훨씬 크다. 따라서 피스톤(20)의 설계치수는 온도의 상이에 의한 팽창을 고려하여 헤드부(20a)의 직경은 스컷부의 직경보다 약간 작게되며, 실린더(21)와의 틈새를 통해 압축가스가 누설되는 것을 방지하기 위하여, 피스톤(20)이 상부에는 3~4개의 피스톤링(22)(23)‥‥을 장착하여 기밀을 유지하고 동시에 오일이 연소실로 들어가는 것을 방지하고 있다.The piston reciprocates in the cylinder and is a mechanism for receiving a gas pressure of high temperature and high pressure in an expansion stroke and applying it to the crankshaft through a connecting rod, as shown in FIG. 3. The head portion 20a of the piston 20 is shown in FIG. ) Is directly affected by the same high temperature as the cylinder 21 which forms the combustion chamber, but its expansion ratio is much larger than that of the cylinder 21 because it cannot be directly cooled by cooling water or outside air. Therefore, the diameter of the head 20a is slightly smaller than the diameter of the cut portion in consideration of the expansion of the piston 20 due to the difference in temperature, and the leakage of the compressed gas through the gap with the cylinder 21 is prevented. To this end, the piston 20 is equipped with three to four piston rings 22 and 23 at the top to maintain airtightness and to prevent oil from entering the combustion chamber.

이 피스톤 링(22)(23)‥‥이 끼워지는 홈을 링그루우부(24)(25)라고 하고, 홈과 홈 사이를 랜드부라 부르며, 위로부터 순서대로 제1(탑)랜드부(26), 제2랜드부(27)‥‥로 명명하고 있다.The groove into which the piston rings 22, 23, ... are fitted is called ring groove portions 24 and 25, and the groove portion and the groove are called land portions, and the first (top) land portion 26 is sequentially formed from above. ) And the second land portion 27.

이에따라 이 피스톤링(22)(23)들이 실린더(21) 내벽면(21a)에 밀착하여 상하운동시 연소실의 기밀을 유지하고 또 실린더(21) 내벽면에 묻은 오일을 긁어내는 작용을 하게 된다.Accordingly, the piston rings 22 and 23 are in close contact with the inner wall surface 21a of the cylinder 21 to maintain the airtightness of the combustion chamber during vertical movement and to scrape off the oil from the inner wall surface of the cylinder 21.

이에따라 폭발행정시에는 도 3에서와 같이 연소압 P1이 피스톤탑링(22)에 작용하여, 탑링그루우브 하면(24a)에 밀착된 채 하강하게 되면서, 실린더(21) 내벽면(21a)에 묻은 오일을 긁어내므로써 실린더라이너(내벽면)에의 잔류 오일량을 유막형성에 필요한 만큼만 남기고 제거·회수하게 된다.Accordingly, during the explosive stroke, the combustion pressure P 1 acts on the piston top ring 22 as shown in FIG. 3, while being lowered while being in close contact with the top ring groove bottom surface 24a, and adhered to the inner wall surface 21a of the cylinder 21. By scraping off the oil, the amount of oil remaining on the cylinder liner (inner wall surface) is removed and recovered, leaving only the amount necessary for oil film formation.

그런데 폭발행정 후기에는 탑랜드부(26)에 작용하는 폭발압력 P1보다 제2랜드부(27)에 작용하는 압력 P2가 커지는 현상이 발생하며, 이때는 도 4에 도시하는 것과같이 피스톤탑링(22)이 압력 P2에 의해 들어올려져, 탑링그루우브(24)의 상부면(24b)에 밀착되어지게 되며, 이에따라 실린더내벽면에 공급된 오일을 긁어내는 기능이 떨어져 잔류오일이 연소실로 침투하게 되는 량이 많아져 오일의 과소모를 가져오고 배기가스 악화의 원인이 되고 있다.However, in the latter part of the explosion stroke, a phenomenon in which the pressure P 2 acting on the second land portion 27 becomes larger than the explosion pressure P 1 acting on the top land portion 26 occurs. In this case, the piston top ring ( 22) is lifted by the pressure P 2 , which is brought into close contact with the upper surface 24b of the top ring groove 24, and thus the function of scraping off the oil supplied to the inner wall of the cylinder is reduced so that residual oil penetrates into the combustion chamber. Increasing amounts of oil lead to excessive consumption of oil and deterioration of exhaust gases.

이에 본 발명은 상기한 점을 감안하여 제안한 것으로서 그의 목적으로 하는 것은Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and its object is

피스톤탑링의 거동이 안정적이어서 오일의 연소실로의 침투를 방지할 수 있는 구조의 피스톤을 제공하는데 있다.It is to provide a piston having a structure that can prevent the penetration of the oil into the combustion chamber because of the stable operation of the piston top ring.

상기한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은The present invention to achieve the above object

복수개의 피스톤링을 링그루우브에 장착하고 있는 피스톤에 있어서,In a piston for mounting a plurality of piston rings to a ring groove,

피스톤헤드에서 연소실과 탑링그루우브를 연통하도록 수직으로 복수개가 천공되는 연통공과;A plurality of communication holes vertically drilled in the piston head so as to communicate the combustion chamber and the top ring groove;

상기 연통공의 도중에 연소실 압력에 의해 개방되도록 설치되는 체크 볼 밸브와;A check ball valve installed to open by the combustion chamber pressure in the middle of the communication hole;

상기 연소실의 압력에 대항하여 상기 체크 볼 밸브를 탄발지지토록 연통공내에 설치되는 리턴스프링; 을 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 한다.A return spring installed in the communication hole so as to support the check ball valve against the pressure of the combustion chamber; Characterized in that comprises a.

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 피스톤의 요부단면도1 is a sectional view of main parts of a piston according to the present invention;

도 2는 본 발명에 의한 피스톤의 평면도2 is a plan view of a piston according to the present invention

도 3과 도 4는 종래 구조의 피스톤3 and 4 is a piston of the conventional structure

※ 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명※ Explanation of code for main part of drawing

1 : 피스톤 1a : 피스톤 헤드부1: Piston 1a: Piston Head Part

2,3 : 링그루우브 4,5 : 피스톤링2,3: Ring Groove 4,5: Piston Ring

6 : 실린더 6a : 내벽면6: cylinder 6a: inner wall surface

7 : 연통공 8 : 탑랜드부7: communication hole 8: Top Land part

9 : 리턴스프링 10 : 체크 볼 밸브9: return spring 10: check ball valve

11 : 연소실 12 : 제2랜드부11: combustion chamber 12: second land part

이하 본 발명의 구성을 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 피스톤의 요부단면도이며, 도 2는 본 발명의 피스톤의 평면도이다.1 is a sectional view of principal parts of a piston according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the piston of the present invention.

피스톤(1)의 링그루우브(2)(3)‥‥에는 각각 피스톤링(4)(5)‥‥들이 끼워져 장착되어 있으며, 실린더(6) 내벽면(6a)에 피스톤링(4)(5)을 통해 접촉하고 있다.Piston rings 4, 5, ... are fitted in the ring grooves 2, 3, 3 of the piston 1, respectively, and the piston rings 4, 6, on the inner wall surface 6a of the cylinder 6. 5) through contact.

상기 피스톤(1)의 헤드(1a)와 탑링그루우브(2)를 연통하는 연통공(7)이 탑랜드부(8) 가까이에 수직으로 형성되어 있으며, 이는 링 형상의 탑링그루우브(2)를 따라 복수개가 형성되어 진다.A communication hole 7 communicating the head 1a of the piston 1 and the top ring groove 2 is formed vertically near the top land portion 8, which is a ring-shaped top ring groove 2. A plurality is formed along the.

이 각각의 연통공(7)내에는 리턴스프링(9)에 의해 탄발지지되는 체크 볼 밸브(10)가 설치되어 있어 연소실(11)의 내부압(P1) 작용에 의해 체크 볼 밸브(10)가 리턴스프링(9)을 압축하면서 하강하여 연통공(7)을 개방하게 되어 있다.In each of the communication holes 7, a check ball valve 10 which is supported by the return spring 9 is installed, and the check ball valve 10 is actuated by the internal pressure P 1 of the combustion chamber 11. Descends while compressing the return spring 9 so as to open the communication hole 7.

이와같은 본 발명은 폭발에 의해 연소실(11)내의 압력 P1이 높게 형성되어지게 될 때에는 그 압력 P1에 의해 체크볼(10)이 열려 피스톤탑링(4)의 탑링그루우브(2)내에 삽입된 부분에 연소압 P1이 작용하게 되므로 탑(제1)랜드부(8)와 실린더 내벽면(6a) 사이의 좁은 틈새를 통해 작용하는 압력 P1이 충분치 못하여 팽창행정 말기 제2랜드부(12)에의 작용압력 P2가 상대적으로 크게 작용하더라도 연통공(7)을 통해 충분하게 작용하게 되는 압력에 의해 피스톤탑링(4)이 들어올려지지 아니하고 탑링그루우브(2)의 바닥면(2a)에 안정적으로 밀착하는 거동을 보이게 된다.According to the present invention, when the pressure P 1 in the combustion chamber 11 is formed to be high by the explosion, the check ball 10 is opened by the pressure P 1 and inserted into the top ring groove 2 of the piston top ring 4. Since the combustion pressure P 1 acts on the portion of the pump, the pressure P 1 acting through the narrow gap between the tower (first) land portion 8 and the inner wall surface 6a of the cylinder is not sufficient, and the second land portion at the end of the expansion stroke ( 12, the bottom surface (2a) of the top ring groove (2) does not lift the piston top ring (4) by the pressure that is enough to act through the communication hole (7) even if the operating pressure P 2 to the relatively large It shows a stable close contact with.

이에따라 피스톤탑링(4)의 기밀작용과 오일 긁어내림 작용이 정상적으로 유지되는 것이다. 그리고 흡입행정등 연소실(11)에 부압이 형성될때는 체크볼(10)이 리턴스프링(9)에 의해 밀어올려져 연통공(7)을 차단하게 된다.Accordingly, the airtight action and oil scraping action of the piston top ring 4 is normally maintained. When the negative pressure is formed in the combustion chamber 11 such as the suction stroke, the check ball 10 is pushed up by the return spring 9 to block the communication hole 7.

이상과 같은 본 발명은 피스톤의 탑랜드부의 인접한 곳에 연소실과 탑링그루우브를 연통하는 연통공을 형성하고 연소압 작용에 의해 연통공을 개방하는 체크 볼 밸브를 설치하는 것에 의해서, 피스톤탑링에 안정적으로 연소압이 작용하게 되어 피스톤탑링이 불안정하게 들어올려지는 현상이 방지되어지게 되므로써 연소실의 기밀유지 및 오일 긁어내림 기능의 안정적 유지로 오일 과소모 및 배기가스 악화가 방지되는 효과가 있다.The present invention as described above stably forms the piston top ring by providing a check ball valve which forms a communication hole communicating with the combustion chamber and the top ring groove in the vicinity of the top land portion of the piston and opens the communication hole by the combustion pressure action. Combustion pressure acts to prevent the piston top ring from being unstablely lifted, thereby preventing oil exhaustion and exhaust gas deterioration by maintaining the airtightness of the combustion chamber and stably maintaining the oil scraping function.

Claims (1)

복수개의 피스톤링을 링그루우브에 장착하고 있는 피스톤에 있어서,In a piston for mounting a plurality of piston rings to a ring groove, 피스톤헤드에서 연소실과 탑링그루우브를 연통하도록 수직으로 복수개가 천공되는 연통공과;A plurality of communication holes vertically drilled in the piston head so as to communicate the combustion chamber and the top ring groove; 상기 연통공의 도중에 연소실 압력에 의해 개방되도록 설치되는 체크 볼 밸브와;A check ball valve installed to open by the combustion chamber pressure in the middle of the communication hole; 상기 연소실의 압력에 대항하여 상기 체크 볼 밸브를 탄발지지토록 연통공내에 설치되는 리턴스프링; 을 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 피스톤탑링의 기능을 향상할 수 있는 구조의 피스톤.A return spring installed in the communication hole so as to support the check ball valve against the pressure of the combustion chamber; Piston having a structure that can improve the function of the piston top ring, characterized in that comprising a.
KR1020010054358A 2001-09-05 2001-09-05 Piston KR20030021310A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020010054358A KR20030021310A (en) 2001-09-05 2001-09-05 Piston

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020010054358A KR20030021310A (en) 2001-09-05 2001-09-05 Piston

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63183452U (en) * 1987-05-19 1988-11-25
KR19980048690A (en) * 1996-12-18 1998-09-15 박병재 Piston for reducing HC in exhaust gas
KR19980048560U (en) * 1996-12-30 1998-09-25 박병재 Piston with oil consumption reduction structure
KR20020046524A (en) * 2000-12-15 2002-06-21 이계안 Piston apparatus for top ring

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63183452U (en) * 1987-05-19 1988-11-25
KR19980048690A (en) * 1996-12-18 1998-09-15 박병재 Piston for reducing HC in exhaust gas
KR19980048560U (en) * 1996-12-30 1998-09-25 박병재 Piston with oil consumption reduction structure
KR20020046524A (en) * 2000-12-15 2002-06-21 이계안 Piston apparatus for top ring

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