KR102526519B1 - Composition of high-flowing concrete that is effective in noise between floors and improves flat performance by utilizing high-weight aggregates - Google Patents
Composition of high-flowing concrete that is effective in noise between floors and improves flat performance by utilizing high-weight aggregates Download PDFInfo
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- C04B14/104—Bentonite, e.g. montmorillonite
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- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
- C04B22/14—Acids or salts thereof containing sulfur in the anion, e.g. sulfides
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- C04B22/147—Alkali-metal sulfates; Ammonium sulfate
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C04B2103/44—Thickening, gelling or viscosity increasing agents
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
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Abstract
본 발명은 시멘트를 포함하는 결합재, 슬래그골재, 증점제, 질산염계 첨가제를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 슬래그골재를 활용한 고유동 콘크리트 조성물에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a high-flow concrete composition using a slag aggregate, characterized in that it includes a binder containing cement, a slag aggregate, a thickener, and a nitrate-based additive.
Description
본 발명은 슬래브 등에 적용시 중량충격음 저하를 통한 층간소음을 제어할 수 있는 조성물에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a composition capable of controlling interfloor noise by reducing weight impact noise when applied to a slab or the like.
일반적으로 복층으로 이루어지는 아파트나 다세대 주택의 경우, 아래층의 각종 음이 윗층으로 전달되거나, 윗층의 충격음이 아래층으로 전달되어 수면과 주거공간내의 활동에 장애를 주게 된다. In general, in the case of a duplex apartment or multi-family house, various sounds from the lower floors are transmitted to the upper floors, or impact sounds from the upper floors are transmitted to the lower floors, which hinders sleep and activities in the living space.
이를 해결하기 위해 국내에는 다양한 층간소음 차단용 완충재들이 개발 판매되고 있으며, 사용되는 충격음 저감재의 종류도 다양하게 개발되어 EPS류, 고무류, 발포고무류, 폴리프로필렌류, 섬유류 등이 있으며 현재 이들 재료에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되어 왔다.In order to solve this problem, various buffer materials for blocking noise between floors are being developed and sold in Korea, and various types of impact sound reducing materials used have been developed to include EPS, rubber, foam rubber, polypropylene, and fiber. Research has been actively conducted.
현재 건설교통부에서 고시한 기준에 따르면 공동주택의 층간소음은 경량충격음은 58dB, 중량충격음은 50dB 이하로 설정되어 있다. 그러나 경량충격음에 대하여서는 일정한 성과를 얻고 있으나 중량충격음의 차음성능은 L지수로 L-60 이상으로 개선하지 못하고 있다. 따라서 현재 이와 같이 바닥충격음 저감재의 시공에 따라 경량충격음에 대한 차음 성능이 일부 개선되더라도 우리나라 공동주택의 주거여건에서 문제의 관건인 중량충격음에 대한 획기적인 저감대책이 없이는 상하층간 소음으로 인한 문제해결이 어려운 실정이다.According to the standards notified by the Ministry of Construction and Transportation, the inter-floor noise of apartment houses is set to 58 dB for light impact noise and 50 dB for heavy impact noise. However, certain results have been obtained for light impact sound, but the sound insulation performance of heavy impact sound has not been improved to L-60 or higher as an L index. Therefore, even if the sound insulation performance for lightweight impact sound is partially improved by the construction of floor impact sound reducing materials, it is difficult to solve the problem caused by noise between upper and lower floors without innovative measures to reduce weight impact sound, which is the key to the problem in the residential conditions of apartment houses in Korea. The situation is.
종래 기술의 예로 대한민국 특허등록 제10-0788746호에서는 포틀랜드 시멘트 100중량부에 대하여, 음이온성 계면활성제와 비이온성 계면활성제가 [1 : 9] ~ [9 : 1]의 중량비로 혼합된 계면활성제를 함유하는 스티렌·부타티엔 합성고무 라텍스(SBR) 10 ~ 30 중량부, 폐타이어 분말 20 ~ 400 중량부, 모래 50 ~ 100 중량부를 분산하여 포함하되, 상기 스티렌·부타티엔 합성고무 라텍스(SBR) 고형분 100 중량%에 대하여 상기 혼합된 계면활성제 5 ~ 40 중량%가 함유되는 것을 특징으로 하는 층간소음방지를 위한 콘크리트 슬라브층용 모르타르 조성물을 제시하고 있다. As an example of the prior art, in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0788746, an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant are mixed in a weight ratio of [1: 9] to [9: 1] based on 100 parts by weight of Portland cement. 10 to 30 parts by weight of styrene-butadiene synthetic rubber latex (SBR), 20 to 400 parts by weight of waste tire powder, and 50 to 100 parts by weight of sand are dispersed and included, but the styrene-butadiene synthetic rubber latex (SBR) solid content It proposes a mortar composition for a concrete slab layer for preventing noise between floors, characterized in that 5 to 40% by weight of the mixed surfactant is contained with respect to 100% by weight.
그러나 상기 기술의 경우도 충분히 중량충격음에 대한 저감을 기대할 수 없는 문제가 있다. However, even in the case of the above technique, there is a problem in that it is not possible to sufficiently reduce the weight impact sound.
따라서, 본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 이루어진 것으로서, 중량충격음에 대한 저감효능이 발현되면서 그 외 작업성 등의 물성이 발현될 수 있는 조성물을 제공하고자 함이다.Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above conventional problems, and is intended to provide a composition capable of expressing other physical properties such as workability while exhibiting a reduction effect on weight impact sound.
상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 슬래그골재를 활용한 고유동 콘크리트 조성물(이하 "본 발명의 조성물"이라함)은, 시멘트를 포함하는 결합재, 슬래그골재, 증점제, 질산염계 첨가제를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. The high-flow concrete composition (hereinafter referred to as "the composition of the present invention") using the slag aggregate according to the present invention for achieving the above object includes a cement-containing binder, slag aggregate, thickener, and nitrate-based additives. It is characterized by doing.
하나의 예로 상기 증점제는 우레탄계 증점제 및 카보머 증점제의 혼합물인 것을 특징으로 한다. In one example, the thickener is characterized in that it is a mixture of a urethane-based thickener and a carbomer thickener.
하나의 예로 과황산나트륨이 더 첨가되는 것을 특징으로 한다. One example is characterized in that sodium persulfate is further added.
하나의 예로 이타콘산이 표면에 코팅된 벤토나이트가 더 첨가되는 것을 특징으로 한다.As an example, bentonite coated with itaconic acid on the surface is further added.
앞서 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명의 조성물은 슬래그골재를 사용하여 중량충격음의 저하와 동시에 작업성, 재료분리에 대한 저항성, 블리딩 저감 등의 물성도 발현될 수 있는 장점이 있다.As described above, the composition of the present invention has the advantage that physical properties such as workability, material separation resistance, and bleeding reduction can be expressed at the same time as reducing the weight impact sound by using the slag aggregate.
도 1은 잔골재로 슬래그골재를 사용시 비교예와 실시예에 대한 실험사진이다.1 is an experimental photograph of a comparative example and an example when slag aggregate is used as a fine aggregate.
아래에서는 본 발명에 따른 양호한 실시 예를 상세히 설명한다.In the following, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail.
본 발명의 조성물은 시멘트를 포함하는 결합재, 슬래그골재, 증점제, 질산염계 첨가제를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. The composition of the present invention is characterized by including a cement-containing binder, slag aggregate, a thickener, and a nitrate-based additive.
상기 시멘트는 당업계에서 모르타르 또는 콘크리트 등에 포함되는 것이라면 종류를 한정하지 않으며, 바람직하게는 일반 포틀랜드 시멘트, 조강 포틀랜드 시멘트, 초조강 포틀랜드 시멘트, 중용열 포틀랜드 시멘트, 내황산염 포틀랜드 시멘트, 백색 포틀랜드 시멘트 및 초속경 시멘트 중 어느 하나 또는 이들의 혼합물을 사용할 수 있으나 이에 한정하는 것은 아니며, 시멘트 분말형태 뿐만 아니라 클링커 형태도 사용 가능하다. 다만 시멘트 클링커를 사용하는 경우 전처리로 소성 및 분쇄과정을 거친 것을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. The cement is not limited in type as long as it is included in mortar or concrete in the art, and preferably, general Portland cement, early strength Portland cement, ultra-high strength Portland cement, medium heat Portland cement, sulfate-resistant Portland cement, white Portland cement, and zinnia Any one of hard cement or a mixture thereof may be used, but is not limited thereto, and cement powder form as well as clinker form may be used. However, when using cement clinker, it is preferable to use a cement clinker that has undergone a firing and grinding process as a pretreatment.
상기 결합재에는 고로슬래그 또는 플라이애시가 첨가될 수 있다. Blast furnace slag or fly ash may be added to the binder.
상기 고로슬래그는 선철 제조 공정의 부산물인 수재슬래그를 미분쇄한 것으로 시멘트의 장기강도를 높여주고, 수밀성, 내해수성을 증대시키는 역할을 하게 된다. 상기 고로슬래그는 분말도 2,000 내지 15,000㎠/g, 바람직하게는 4,000 내지 8,000㎠/g 을 사용하는 것이 콘크리트 조성물의 유동성을 유지시키면서 콘크리트 조성물의 강도발현이 저하되지 않아 좋다. 또한 상기 고로슬래그는 전체 100 중량% 중에서 2 내지 6 중량%의 무수황산(SO3)을 포함하는 것이 좋으며, 바람직하게는 2 내지 3 중량% 첨가하는 것이 좋다. 상기 무수황산은 고로슬래그를 미분쇄할 때 첨가되는 것이며, 보조자극제의 역할을 수행하게 된다.The blast furnace slag is finely pulverized granulated slag, which is a by-product of the pig iron manufacturing process, and serves to increase the long-term strength of cement and increase water tightness and seawater resistance. The blast furnace slag has a powder degree of 2,000 to 15,000 cm 2 / g, preferably 4,000 to 8,000 cm 2 / g, so that the strength development of the concrete composition is not reduced while maintaining the fluidity of the concrete composition. In addition, the blast furnace slag preferably contains 2 to 6% by weight of anhydrous sulfuric acid (SO 3 ) out of 100% by weight, preferably 2 to 3% by weight. The anhydrous sulfuric acid is added when blast furnace slag is pulverized, and serves as a co-stimulant.
상기 플라이애시는 포졸란 반응에 의하여 콘크리트의 장기 강도를 증진시키고 콘크리트 조직의 수밀성, 내구성, 내화학성을 강화시키는 역할을 하는 것으로, 화력발전소에서 석탄을 사용하고 남은 석탄재로서 완전히 연소되어 비중이 2.0 내지 2.4, 바람직하게는 2.1 내지 2.2 범위에 드는 것을 사용하는 것이 바람직하며, 분말도는 3,500 내지 4,500㎠/g, 강열 감량은 5% 미만인 것을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.The fly ash serves to enhance the long-term strength of concrete by a pozzolanic reaction and to enhance the watertightness, durability, and chemical resistance of the concrete structure, and is completely burned as coal ash remaining after using coal in a thermal power plant and has a specific gravity of 2.0 to 2.4 , Preferably it is preferable to use one in the range of 2.1 to 2.2, and it is preferable to use one with a fineness of 3,500 to 4,500 cm 2 / g and an ignition loss of less than 5%.
특히 본 발명의 조성물에는 잔골재로 슬래그골재가 첨가된다. 상기 슬래그골재는 밀도가 3.59로서 일반 잔골재와 비교하여 밀도가 1.00정도 높아 중량콘크리트의 제조가 가능하다. 즉 중량충격음을 흡수함으로써 아파트의 슬래브에 적용시 층간소음을 개선시키기 위한 용도로 적합하다. In particular, slag aggregate is added as a fine aggregate to the composition of the present invention. The slag aggregate has a density of 3.59, which is about 1.00 higher than that of general fine aggregate, so that heavy weight concrete can be manufactured. In other words, it is suitable for improving inter-floor noise when applied to slabs of apartments by absorbing weight impact sound.
그런데 이러한 슬래그골재를 적용함에 있어서 고유동성을 확보(Slump flow 500 mm 이상)함에 따라 비중에 의해 재료분리 및 블리딩이 발생될 수 있는데 이러한 점을 개선하기 위해 증점제가 첨가되도록 하는 것이다. However, in applying such slag aggregate, material separation and bleeding may occur due to specific gravity as high fluidity is secured (slump flow 500 mm or more). In order to improve this point, a thickener is added.
바람직하게 상기 증점제는 우레탄계 증점제 및 카보머 증점제의 혼합물인 것을 적용하는 것이 타당하다. Preferably, it is appropriate to apply that the thickener is a mixture of a urethane-based thickener and a carbomer thickener.
이와 같이 본 발명이 증점제로 우레탄계 증점제 및 카보머 증점제를 혼합하여 사용하는 이유는 우레탄계 증점제는 항복응력이 낮고 소성점도가 높아 배합 및 펌프압송이 용이하도록 함과 동시에 카보머 증점제는 적당한 소성점도에 항복응력이 높은 특성을 가지고 있어 타설후 점성발현으로 재료분리에 대한 저항성, 강도 등을 향상시킬 수 있도록 하기 위한 것이다. 즉 우레탄계 증점제에 의해 배합 및 펌프압송단계에서는 분산성 및 충진성을 향상시키는 것이며 카보머 증점제에 의해 펌핑 후에는 콘크리트에 높은 점성 및 높은 항복응력이 발현되도록 하여 재료분리에 대한 저항성 등이 발현되도록 하는 것이다.As described above, the reason why the present invention uses a mixture of a urethane-based thickener and a carbomer thickener as a thickener is that the urethane-based thickener has a low yield stress and a high plastic viscosity, so that it is easy to mix and pump, and at the same time, the carbomer thickener yields to an appropriate plastic viscosity It has high stress characteristics and is intended to improve resistance to material separation and strength through viscous development after placement. In other words, the urethane-based thickener improves dispersibility and filling in the mixing and pumping steps, and after pumping by the carbomer thickener, high viscosity and high yield stress are expressed in the concrete, so that resistance to material separation is expressed. will be.
이와 같이 본 발명은 증점제로 우레탄계 증점제 및 카보머 증점제를 혼합하여 사용함에 의해 슬래그골재를 다량으로 사용하여도 작업성을 향상시킬 수 있어 물의 사용량을 줄일 수 있으며 이렇게 물의 사용량을 줄임에 의해 블리딩을 제어할 수 있게 되는 것이다.As such, the present invention can improve workability even when a large amount of slag aggregate is used by mixing and using a urethane-based thickener and a carbomer thickener as thickeners, thereby reducing the amount of water used, and controlling bleeding by reducing the amount of water used in this way. will be able to do it
바람직하게 우레탄계 증점제 및 카보머 증점제는 중량비로 (4:6) 내지 (6:4)로 배합하는 것이 타당하다. Preferably, it is appropriate to mix the urethane-based thickener and the carbomer thickener in a weight ratio of (4:6) to (6:4).
상기 질산염계 첨가제는 콘크리트의 응결을 촉진하기 위하여 첨가되는 것이다. 우레탄계 증점제가 첨가됨에 따라 콘크리트의 응결을 지연하므로 질산염계 첨가제의 첨가를 통해 이를 제어하는 것이다. 질산염계 첨가로는 Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 등이 적용될 수 있다. The nitrate-based additive is added to promote setting of concrete. As the urethane-based thickener is added, it delays the setting of concrete, so it is controlled through the addition of nitrate-based additives. Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, and the like can be applied as nitrate-based additives.
상기 질산염계 첨가제는 콘크리트 내부의 수화반응을 촉진시켜 줌에 따라 조강성을 확보토록 하는 것이다. 이러한 질산염계 첨가제는 이하에서 설명하는 과황산나트륨보다는 강도발현 효과는 떨어지지만 강도발현 안정성이 뛰어나다. 그 이유는 과황산나트륨은 콘크리트 내부 조건에 영향을 많이 받지만, 질산염계 첨가제는 영향이 상대적으로 적게 받기 때문이다. 따라서 과황산나트륨에 의해 초기강도 저하를 방지하되 질산염계 첨가제를 더 배합함으로써 콘크리트가 안정되게 초기강도를 발휘할 수 있도록 하는 것이다. The nitrate-based additive promotes the hydration reaction inside the concrete to secure early strength. These nitrate-based additives have a lower strength development effect than sodium persulfate described below, but are superior in strength development stability. The reason is that sodium persulfate is greatly affected by the internal conditions of concrete, but nitrate-based additives are relatively less affected. Therefore, the reduction of initial strength by sodium persulfate is prevented, but by further mixing nitrate-based additives, concrete can exhibit its initial strength stably.
상기에서 언급한 바와 같이 상기 과황산나트륨은 조강첨가제로 작용하게 된다. 상기 조강첨가제는 시멘트의 반응을 활성화시키는 효과가 있다. 이를 상세히 설명하면, 열분해 시 발생하는 이온 및 반응형 라디칼이 시멘트의 주성분과 반응하여 반응성을 크게 향상시키게 된다. 그 결과, 초기 수화 및 응결 반응이 촉진되며, 콘크리트의 조강성을 향상시킬 수 있다.As mentioned above, the sodium persulfate acts as an early strength additive. The early strength additive has an effect of activating the reaction of cement. Describing this in detail, ions and reactive radicals generated during thermal decomposition react with the main component of cement to greatly improve reactivity. As a result, initial hydration and setting reactions are promoted, and the early strength of concrete can be improved.
한편 조기강도 확보에 수반하는 페이스트 수축에 따른 균열 등 다양한 원인에 의한 균열의 제어에 부족함이 있을 수 있는 바, 본 발명에서는 상기 조성들 외에도 이타콘산이 표면에 코팅된 벤토나이트를 더 포함되도록 하는 예를 제시한다. 벤토나이트는 수분을 흡수하여 체적을 팽창시킴에 의해 경화과정에서 페이스트의 수축을 보상하여 균열에 대한 저항성을 향상시키기 위한 것이다. On the other hand, there may be a lack of control of cracks due to various causes, such as cracks due to paste shrinkage accompanying securing early strength. In the present invention, in addition to the above compositions, an example in which bentonite coated on the surface of itaconic acid is further included present. Bentonite is intended to improve resistance to cracking by compensating for shrinkage of the paste during curing by absorbing moisture and expanding its volume.
여기에 더하여 상기 벤토나이트는 이타콘산이 표면에 코팅되도록 하여 상기 벤토나이트의 수분흡수 과정에서 나트륨이온 등 양이온만이 선택적으로 흡착되도록 하기 위한 것이다. In addition to this, the bentonite is coated with itaconic acid on the surface so that only cations such as sodium ions are selectively adsorbed in the water absorption process of the bentonite.
이는 본 발명의 조성물에 있어 조강성을 확보하기 위해 과황산나트륨이 함유되는데 과황산나트륨이 첨가되어 모세관현상에 의해 표면으로 나트륨이온이 용출되거나 페이스트에 존재하는 금속이온이 모세관현상에 의해 표면으로 용출되어 표면에 공극을 형성하며 이러한 표면공극은 표면균열의 포인트로서 작용하게 되는 바, 본 발명에서는 이타콘산이 표면에 코팅된 벤토나이트가 첨가되도록 하여 벤토나이트의 수분흡수에 의한 팽창과정에서 페이스트에 존재하는 나트륨이온 등을 선택적으로 흡착하여 표면균열을 제어토록 하기 위한 것이다. Sodium persulfate is contained in the composition of the present invention to secure early rigidity. Sodium persulfate is added to elute sodium ions to the surface by capillarity or metal ions present in the paste are eluted to the surface by capillarity to improve the surface voids are formed, and these surface voids act as points of surface cracking. is selectively adsorbed to control surface cracking.
팽창작용만을 위해 벤토나이트만을 첨가하는 경우에는 수분흡수과정에서 양이온은 물론 음이온도 흡착이 되는데, 이 경우 시멘트 수화반응에서 수산화칼슘을 생성하기 위한 OH-가 흡착되어 수화반응을 저해할 수 있으므로 본 발명에서는 이타콘산이 표면에 코팅된 벤토나이트가 첨가되도록 하여 나트륨이온 등 양이온만 선택적으로 흡착되도록 하는 것이다. When only bentonite is added for expansion, both positive and negative ions are adsorbed during the water absorption process. By adding conic acid-coated bentonite to the surface, only cations such as sodium ions are selectively adsorbed.
상기 이타콘산은 음이온성 고분자로서 벤토나이트 표면에 이타콘산이 코팅되도록 하는 방법은 (-)전하를 띠는 이타콘산 수용액에 벤토나이트를 함침시킨 후 건조시켜 제조될 수 있는 것이다. The itaconic acid is an anionic polymer, and a method for coating the surface of bentonite with itaconic acid may be prepared by impregnating bentonite in an aqueous solution of itaconic acid having a (-) charge and then drying it.
이하에서는 실험 예에 의해 본 발명에 대해 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by means of experimental examples.
<일반 잔골재와 슬래그골재(PSB)의 비교실험><Comparative experiment between general fine aggregate and slag aggregate (PSB)>
하기 표 1과 같이 배합하여 시료를 제작하였으며, 그 결과가 표 2에 도시되고 있다.Samples were prepared by mixing as shown in Table 1 below, and the results are shown in Table 2.
#AD1: 일반 폴리칼본산계 감수제#AD1: general polycarboxylate water reducing agent
표 2에서 보는 바와 같이 동일 배합에서 흡수율이 낮은 PSB 잔골재 사용 시 감수제 사용량이 크게 감소됨을 알 수 있으나, 블리딩 발생량이 86% 이상 증가되는 문제가 발생됨을 알 수 있다. 또한 PSB 잔골재 사용 시 단위수량 저감이 가능하여 압축강도가 증가됨을 알 수 있다. As shown in Table 2, it can be seen that the use of the water reducing agent is greatly reduced when the fine PSB aggregate with low water absorption is used in the same formulation, but it can be seen that the problem of increasing the amount of bleeding by 86% or more occurs. In addition, it can be seen that the unit quantity can be reduced when the PSB fine aggregate is used, and the compressive strength is increased.
<혼화제에 따른 실험><Experiments with admixtures>
본 실험에서의 각 시료는 하기 표 3에서 보는 바와 같은 배합에 의해 제조되었다. 비교예와 실시예들은 잔골재로 슬래그골재가 사용되었으며 비교예는 일반 폴리칼본간계 감수제가 첨가된 경우이며, 실시예들은 이하에서 설명하는 혼화제가 첨가된 경우이다. 실시예 1은 혼화제(AD2)에 우레탄계 증점제 100중량부에 대해, 질산염첨가제 20중량부가 포함된 것이며, 실시예 2는 카보머 증점제 100중량부에 대해, 질산염첨가제 20중량부가 포함된 것이고, 실시예 3은 우레탄계 증점제 및 카보머 증점제 혼합물 100중량부(중량비로 1:1)에 대해, 질산염첨가제 20중량부가 포함된 것이며, 실시예 4는 실시예3과 동일하되 과황산나트륨 5중량부가 더 포함된 것이고, 실시예 5는 실시예 4와 동일하되 이타콘산이 표면에 코팅된 벤토나이트가 10중량부 더 포함된 것이다. Each sample in this experiment was prepared by the formulation shown in Table 3 below. In Comparative Examples and Examples, slag aggregate was used as the fine aggregate, in Comparative Examples, a general polycarbonate water reducing agent was added, and in Examples, an admixture described below was added. Example 1 is that the admixture (AD2) contains 20 parts by weight of nitrate additive based on 100 parts by weight of urethane-based thickener, and Example 2 contains 20 parts by weight of nitrate additive based on 100 parts by weight of carbomer thickener. 3 is 20 parts by weight of a nitrate additive based on 100 parts by weight of a mixture of a urethane-based thickener and a carbomer thickener (1: 1 in weight ratio), Example 4 is the same as Example 3, but 5 parts by weight of sodium persulfate are further included , Example 5 is the same as Example 4, but 10 parts by weight of bentonite coated on the surface of itaconic acid is further included.
비교예와 실시예들을 대비하면 비교예의 경우가 블리딩 발생량이 많음을 알 수 있다. 즉 슬래그골재가 첨가되어도 실시예들과 같은 혼화제를 첨가하는 경우 블리딩량이 제어되는 것을 알 수 있다. Comparing the Comparative Example and the Examples, it can be seen that the Comparative Example has a large amount of bleeding. That is, even if the slag aggregate is added, it can be seen that the amount of bleeding is controlled when the admixture is added as in the examples.
또한 도 1에서 보는 바와 같이 비교예의 경우 슬래그골재 사용 시 블리딩에 결합재와 슬래그골재 미분이 함께 떠올라 색상이 탁하고, 이로 인해 압축강도에 영향을 주는 것을 알 수 있다. 이와 대비 실시예 3의 경우 비교예와 같은 현상이 없고, 일반 감수제를 적용한 배합보다 압축강도가 증가되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. In addition, as shown in Figure 1, in the case of the comparative example, when using the slag aggregate, the binder and the slag aggregate fine powder float together in the bleeding, and the color is cloudy, and it can be seen that this affects the compressive strength. In contrast, in the case of Example 3, there was no phenomenon as in Comparative Example, and it was confirmed that the compressive strength was increased compared to the formulation to which the general water reducing agent was applied.
한편 우레탄계 증점제만을 사용한 경우(실시예 1), 비교예와 비교하여 플로우는 증가하는 경향이 나타났으며, 소성점도는 증가하나 항복응력은 감소하는 경향이 나타났다. 즉, 우레탄계 증점제를 적절하게 혼합 사용하면 유동성을 확보할 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.On the other hand, when only the urethane-based thickener was used (Example 1), the flow tended to increase compared to the comparative example, and the plastic viscosity increased, but the yield stress tended to decrease. That is, it is judged that fluidity can be secured by properly mixing and using a urethane-based thickener.
또한 카보머 증점제만을 사용한 경우(실시예 2), 비교예와 대비 플로우는 증가하는 경향이 나타났으며, 소성점도 및 항복응력 모두 증가하는 경향이 나타났다. 또한 카보머 증점제를 사용한 경우(실시예 2), 우레탄계 증점제를 사용한 경우(실시예 1)와 비교하여 소성점도 증가치는 낮아지고 항복응력은 증가되는 경향이 나타남에 따라 카보머 증점제를 적절하게 혼합 사용하면 재료분리에 대한 저항성, 점착성 발현에 의한 강도확보가 가능한 것을 알 수 있다.In addition, when only the carbomer thickener was used (Example 2), the flow tended to increase compared to the comparative example, and both the plastic viscosity and yield stress tended to increase. In addition, when a carbomer thickener is used (Example 2), compared to the case where a urethane-based thickener is used (Example 1), the plastic viscosity increase value is lowered and the yield stress tends to increase. As a result, the carbomer thickener is appropriately mixed and used It can be seen that it is possible to secure strength by developing resistance to material separation and adhesiveness.
우레탄계 증점제와 카보머 증점제를 혼합 사용한 경우(실시예 3)는 비교예와 비교시 플로우 값은 가장 우수하게 나타나며 소성점도 및 항복응력 값이 각각의 특성에 맞게 적정으로 나타남에 따라 슬래그골재를 사용함에 있어서도 물의 사용량을 늘리지 않으면서 작업성이 확보되도록 할 수 있으며 이에 블리딩을 저감시키는데 가장 적합할 것으로 판단된다.In the case of using a mixture of a urethane-based thickener and a carbomer thickener (Example 3), the flow value is the best when compared to the comparative example, and the plastic viscosity and yield stress values are appropriate for each characteristic. As a result, slag aggregate is used It is possible to ensure workability without increasing the amount of water used, and it is considered to be most suitable for reducing bleeding.
한편 실시예 4의 경우 실시예 3에 비해 조강성면에서 유리하나, 시간경과에 따라 강도면에서 다소 불리한 효과가 발현되는 것을 알 수 있다. 이는 실시예 4의 경우 첨가제로 과황산나트륨이 더 포함됨에 따라 하기에서 보는 바와 같이 조강성(1일, 3일, 7일)이 발현되면서 조강성 발현에 따른 균열에 의해 시간경과(28일)에 따라 다소 강도면에서 불리한 효과가 발현되는 것으로 판단된다. On the other hand, Example 4 is advantageous in terms of early stiffness compared to Example 3, but it can be seen that a somewhat unfavorable effect in terms of strength is expressed over time. In the case of Example 4, as sodium persulfate was further included as an additive, as shown below, the early stiffness (1 day, 3 days, 7 days) was expressed, and cracks caused by the early stiffness development over time (28 days) Accordingly, it is judged that some disadvantageous effect in terms of intensity is expressed.
또한, 강도면에서 실시예 5가 가장 유리한 효과를 발현하는 것을 알 수 있는데, 이는 이타콘산이 표면에 코팅된 벤토나이트의 작용에 의해 초기(1일, 3일)에는 조강성이 발현됨에 기인하고 그 이후에는 페이스트의 팽창에 의한 균열 및 표면균열의 제어에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다. 즉 실시예 5는 과황산나트륨의 첨가에 따른 조강성 확보에도 이타콘산이 표면에 코팅된 벤토나이트의 첨가에 의해 균열저항성을 향상시킴에 의해 시간경과에 따른 강도저하를 제어하는 것이다. In addition, it can be seen that Example 5 exhibits the most advantageous effect in terms of strength, which is due to the early strength being expressed in the early days (1st and 3rd days) by the action of bentonite coated on the surface of itaconic acid. After that, it is judged to be due to the control of cracks and surface cracks due to expansion of the paste. That is, in Example 5, even though early rigidity is secured by the addition of sodium persulfate, crack resistance is improved by the addition of bentonite coated with itaconic acid on the surface, thereby controlling the decrease in strength over time.
이상과 같이 본 발명은 비록 한정된 실시예와 도면에 의해 설명되었으나, 본 발명은 상기 실시예에 한정되지 않음은 물론이며, 본 발명이 속하는 분야에서 통상의 기술적 지식을 가진 자에 의해 상기 기재된 내용으로부터 다양한 수정 및 변형이 가능할 수 있음은 물론이다.As described above, although the present invention has been described with limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, of course, from the above description by a person having ordinary technical knowledge in the field to which the present invention belongs. Of course, various modifications and variations may be possible.
Claims (4)
Expansion of bentonite while controlling shrinkage cracking through expansion by moisture absorption of bentonite, including surface-modified bentonite coated with cement-containing binders, slag aggregates, thickeners, nitrate-based additives, and sodium persulfate and itaconic acid on the surface A high-flow concrete composition using slag aggregate, characterized in that the sodium ions present in the paste are selectively adsorbed in the process to control surface voids and cracks caused by the addition of sodium persulfate.
상기 증점제는 우레탄계 증점제 및 카보머 증점제의 혼합물인 것을 특징으로 하는 슬래그골재를 활용한 고유동 콘크리트 조성물.
According to claim 1,
The thickener is a high-flow concrete composition using slag aggregate, characterized in that the mixture of a urethane-based thickener and a carbomer thickener.
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