KR101924976B1 - Device and method for non-destructive separating and concentrating the substance - Google Patents

Device and method for non-destructive separating and concentrating the substance Download PDF

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KR101924976B1
KR101924976B1 KR1020160134505A KR20160134505A KR101924976B1 KR 101924976 B1 KR101924976 B1 KR 101924976B1 KR 1020160134505 A KR1020160134505 A KR 1020160134505A KR 20160134505 A KR20160134505 A KR 20160134505A KR 101924976 B1 KR101924976 B1 KR 101924976B1
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ion
main microchannel
selective membrane
microchannel
concentration
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KR1020160134505A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20180042002A (en
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김성재
이효민
김준석
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서울대학교 산학협력단
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Priority to KR1020160134505A priority Critical patent/KR101924976B1/en
Priority to PCT/KR2017/010432 priority patent/WO2018074748A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
    • B01L3/502753—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by bulk separation arrangements on lab-on-a-chip devices, e.g. for filtration or centrifugation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
    • B01L3/502715—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by interfacing components, e.g. fluidic, electrical, optical or mechanical interfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/06—Fluid handling related problems
    • B01L2200/0647—Handling flowable solids, e.g. microscopic beads, cells, particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
    • B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
    • B01L2400/0403—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces
    • B01L2400/0415—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces electrical forces, e.g. electrokinetic

Abstract

The present invention relates to a material non-destructive separation concentrating apparatus and a material non-destructive separation concentrating apparatus, wherein the material separating and concentrating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a main microcontroller having an inlet (11) for injecting a material for separation / An ion selective membrane 60 disposed on one side of the main microchannel 10 so as to be parallel to the longitudinal direction of the channel 10 and the main microchannel 10, A microchannel 20 and a buffer microchannel 30 spaced apart from the other end of the main microchannel 10 and disposed at least partially in contact with the ion selective membrane 60, And is electrically arranged in parallel with the main microchannel (10).

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a non-destructive separation material concentrator and a material non-destructive separation concentrator,

The present invention relates to a material non-destructive separation concentrating apparatus and a material non-destructive separation concentrating method. More particularly, the present invention relates to a substance non-destructive separation and concentration apparatus and a substance non-destructive separation and concentration method capable of performing separation / concentration of particles, fine particles, etc. as a target substance nondestructively by minimizing shear stress acting on a target substance present in the substance .

In order to detect target substances such as biomaterials, biodiesel and heavy metals in the sample, it is necessary to use an expensive detector or amplify the concentration of the target substance in the sample preparation step.

In the case of monomolecular materials with relatively small molecular weights, various methods of concentration exist, but in the case of cell-level materials, centrifugation is the most widely used method. However, in the case of the centrifugal separation method, there is a problem that a certain amount of cells are destroyed during the separation process due to the strong rotational force. As the amount of the sample increases, the amount of wasted cells increases proportionally. Therefore, an apparatus or a method for concentrating the target material non-destructively is required. As an example, if the amount of red blood cell destruction can be reduced and the amount of concentration can be increased, the amount of blood taken from the patient can be reduced, and accurate examination can be made while minimizing patient suffering.

Concentration of substances using ion concentration polarization (ICP) phenomenon has been reported in academia. However, when ion concentration polarization phenomenon is used, not all substances can be concentrated. Ion Concentration Electroconvective vortex caused by the amplification of the electric field inside the polarization layer induces a strong shear stress on the material and destroys it. For example, in a cell stacked on a weak membrane such as a lipid bilayer, damage and destruction occur at the interface of the ion concentration polarization layer due to strong electric convection vortices. This is a critical point for nondestructive separation / concentration using ion concentration polarization.

Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [8] Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a material separation and concentration apparatus capable of performing separation / concentration of particles, The purpose.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a material separation and concentration apparatus and a material separation and concentration method that can be realized with a simple structure and are economical and mass-producible by a simple process.

However, these problems are exemplary and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a microchannel comprising: a main microchannel having an inlet for injecting a substance for separation / concentration; An ion selective membrane disposed on one side of the main microchannel so as to be parallel to the longitudinal direction of the main microchannel; A plurality of side microchannels branched at the other end of the main microchannel; And a buffer microchannel spaced apart from the other end of the main microchannel and disposed at least partially in contact with the ion selective membrane, the ion selective membrane being disposed in electrical parallel with the main microchannel, Is provided.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when an electric field is applied to the material separation and concentration apparatus, an ion concentration polarization (ICP) phenomenon occurs in the main microchannel adjacent to the ion selective membrane An ion depletion zone can be formed.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the ion selective membrane may be disposed over the entirety of the main microchannel.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the length of the portion of the ion selective membrane that is in contact with one surface of the main microchannel is equal to or shorter than the length of the main microchannel, .

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, when an electric field is applied to the material separation and concentration apparatus, the ion depletion region may have a gradually increasing region in one direction from the other end of the main microchannel.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnitude of the electric field can be maintained constant at the interface between the main microchannel and the ion depletion region.

Also, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the ion selective membrane may be a Nafion material.

Also, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the material may include polar fine particles having a micro-nano size.

According to an aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems, there is provided a substance separation and concentration apparatus comprising: (a) a substance separation and concentration apparatus having a main microchannel disposed on one surface and arranged electrically parallel to the longitudinal direction, Supplying a substance for separation / concentration; (b) an electric field is applied to the material separation and concentration apparatus to cause an ion concentration polarization (ICP) phenomenon to occur at a predetermined site adjacent to the ion selective membrane and the main microchannel, thereby forming an ion depletion zone ); And (c) separately concentrating the particulate from the material based on the ionic depletion region.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, when an electric field is applied to the material separation and concentration apparatus, the ion depletion region may be gradually enlarged from one end to the other end of the main microchannel.

Further, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the fine particles contained in the material may be pushed by the electrical repulsive force at the interface of the ion depletion region and separated from the material.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnitude of the electric field can be maintained constant at the interface between the main microchannel and the ion depletion region.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the shear stress applied to the fine particles contained in the material in the vicinity of the ion depletion region may be smaller than the shear stress at which the fine particles are crushed.

According to one embodiment of the present invention as described above, separation / concentration of particles, fine particles, and the like as a target material can be performed non-destructively.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a simple structure can be realized, a simple process is economical, and mass production is possible.

Of course, the scope of the present invention is not limited by these effects.

1 is a schematic view showing a material separation and concentration apparatus according to a first comparative example.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a material separation and concentration apparatus according to a second comparative example. FIG.
3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a material separation and concentration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a photograph of a material separation and concentration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a material separation and concentration apparatus according to a comparative example, which is expressed by an equivalent circuit.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a material separation and concentration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention as an equivalent circuit.
FIG. 7 is a photograph showing a process of material separation and concentration according to the first comparative example. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a photograph showing a process of material separation and concentration according to the second comparative example.
FIG. 9 is a photograph showing a material separation and concentration process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The following detailed description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. It should be understood that the various embodiments of the present invention are different, but need not be mutually exclusive. For example, certain features, structures, and characteristics described herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in connection with an embodiment. It is also to be understood that the position or arrangement of the individual components within each disclosed embodiment may be varied without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is to be limited only by the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled, if properly explained. In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to the same or similar functions throughout the several views, and length and area, thickness, and the like may be exaggerated for convenience.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention.

In the present invention, the material (sample) means a material including fine particles having a size of a micro-nanometer level. The material may be blood, microalgae, other fluids, etc. The fine particles contained in the material may include, but are not limited to, red blood cells, avian cells, and the like. However, in the following, an example of separating and concentrating red blood cells (fine particles (15)) contained in blood (substance) will be mainly explained.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a material separation and concentration apparatus according to a first comparative example, and FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a material separation and concentration apparatus according to a second comparative example. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a material separation and concentration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a photograph of a material separation and concentration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the first comparison example and the second comparison example, there is a difference in the shape, arrangement, and size of the ion selective membrane 40, 50, and 60 according to one embodiment of the present invention, and thus shows a difference in the material separation and concentration process. In the other constructions, the constructions having the same reference numerals have the same configuration, and therefore, the description thereof may be omitted.

3 and 4, the material separation and concentration apparatus of the present invention may include a main microchannel 10, a plurality of side microchannels 20, a buffer microchannel 30, and an ion selective membrane 60 have.

The main microchannel 10 may have an inlet 11 at one end for injecting a substance for separation / concentration. The main microchannel 10 may have a shape elongated in one direction so that the material has a structure that is easy to move along the path. The main microchannel 10 may be designed to have a length of about 6,000 mu m, a width of about 200 mu m, a thickness of about 15 mu m, but is not limited to this size.

The main microchannel 10 can be branched to the plurality of side microchannels 20 at the other end. In the present invention, the two side microchannels 20 are branched so as to be perpendicular to the main microchannel 10, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The buffer microchannel 30 may be spaced apart from the other end of the main microchannel 10 by a predetermined distance. The buffer microchannel 30 and the main microchannel 10 are not directly connected but may be indirectly connected from the ion selective membrane 40-60. The buffer microchannel 30 may be filled with an electrolyte aqueous solution having a concentration corresponding to the material to be injected into the main microchannel 10. The buffer microchannel 30 may be designed to have a "C" shape and have a total length of about 6,000 μm, a channel width of about 200 μm, but is not limited to this size.

The ion selective membranes 40-60 may be disposed on one side (lower surface) of the main microchannel 10 in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the main microchannel 10. The ion selective membrane 40-60 may be a material comprising Nafion, which is a porous nanomaterial.

When an electric field is applied to one end and the other end 11 and 31 of the material separation and concentration apparatus, ions condensation polarization (ICP) phenomenon is generated in the main microchannel 10 adjacent to the ion selective membrane 40-60. , An ion depletion zone (P, P1, P2, P3, ...) can be formed.

Ion concentration polarization is one of the phenomena of electrochemical transfer observed around structures with nanofilms. It is theoretically known that when the thickness of the electric double layer is similar to that of the nanofiber, the electric double layer overlaps within the nanofiber to show a single ion permeability. Ions with the same charge as the wall charge can not pass through the nanofilm due to diffusion and drift, and only ions having opposite charge to the wall charge pass through, resulting in ion depletion and hyperpolarization at the nanofilm interface. Among the ions that have not passed through the nanofiber, a strong electrical repulsive force acts on both the positive and negative ions, thus causing ion concentration gradient. At this time, a vortex is formed around the interface of the ion depletion region (P), and the charged particles, cells, and droplets are also affected by the electrical repulsive force of the ions at the interface of the ion depletion region (P).

The fine particles 15 (red blood cells) contained in the substance (blood) may have a micro-nano size. When the material is injected into the inlet of the main microchannel 10 and an electric field is applied, the red blood cells 15 can be moved by the pressure and the electroosmotic flow.

1, the ion selective membranes 40 are arranged so as to overlap with each other by only a very short length (about 100 μm) so as not to overlap the side microchannels 20 at the other end of the main microchannel 10 . The ion depletion region P may be formed in the application of the electric field but there is no electrical repulsive force enough to push out the fine particles 15 in the material and concentrate in the main microchannel 10, 20).

In Comparative Example 2 shown in FIG. 2, the ion-selective membrane 50 is arranged to overlap with the other end of the main microchannel 10 by a predetermined length (about 1,000 μm). The ion depletion region P may be formed when an electric field is applied and the ion depletion region P may be formed to a degree that the ion depletion region P moves significantly to the left from the other end of the main microchannel 10 as compared with FIG. At this time, the particles 15 can be pushed from the interface of the ion depletion region P by the force due to the electroosmotic flow and the force due to the polarization phenomenon of the ion concentration.

The fine particles 15 can be crushed by receiving a shear stress? = Q / A (Q is a shear force and A is an area) from a vortex generated at the interface between the ion depletion layer and the fluid, Aqueous solution. The particles and the fluid are subjected to the electrostatic force at the edge of the ion depletion layer caused by the ion concentration polarization. Force F drag = received by the fluid flow -6πλUα force by the force F ICP and electro-osmotic flow by (U is a flow velocity, λ is the viscosity of the fluid, and α represent the radius of the particle) in the ion concentration polarization coming pushed by F EOF . ≪ / RTI >

Referring again to FIG. 2, hemolysis (h) may occur as the erythrocyte 15 is pulverized (15 ') under shear stress. Hemolyzed hemoglobin may pass through the ion depletion layer. Then, the crushed red blood cells 15 'and hemoglobin hemihyrobinized may be concentrated at the interface between the ion depletion region P and the hemoglobin. Although red blood cells can be separated and concentrated from the blood, there is a problem that they are subject to large shear stress and pulverization.

In other words, when an electric field is applied to the material separating and concentrating apparatus, the amount of flow in the main microchannel 10 and the amount of flow passing through the ion depletion region P are different from each other in the opposite direction A reverse flow occurs, and a vortex occurs accordingly. This swirl imparts a strong shear stress to the fine particles 15, so that the fine particles 15 can be destroyed.

3 is characterized in that the ion selective membrane 60 is arranged so as to overlap the entire length of the main microchannel 10 (about 6,000 m).

The ion depletion regions P1, P2, P3,... Can be formed to the extent that the main microchannel 10 is further moved to the left side as compared with FIG. 1 and FIG. The ion depletion regions P1, P2, P3, ... are extended to the left side (the general direction from the other end of the main microchannel 10) according to the intensity of the electric field since electric fields are applied to both ends of the material separation and concentration apparatus DP), the area may gradually become larger. And, when the ion depletion regions P1, P2, P3,... Reach the limit of expansion (DP) with respect to the intensity of the applied electric field, the region is no longer increased.

In another aspect, the ion selective membrane 60 is formed to be at least equal to or shorter than the length of the main microchannel 10, and is formed longer than the length through which the ion depletion regions P1, P2, P3, And can be arranged to be in contact with one surface of the main microchannel 10.

When the electric field is applied to the material separating and concentrating device, the difference between the flow amount in the main microchannel 10 and the flow amount passing through the ion depletion region P at the initial stage, A flow occurs, and a vortex occurs accordingly. This is the same as the second comparative example described in Fig. Thereafter, the ion depletion region P continues to undergo expansion DP and can become as large as P1, P2 and P3 and reverse flow in the opposite direction at the interface of the ion depletion region P, that is, May weaken or disappear. Since the shear stress of the swirls has an intensity smaller than the shear stress at which the fine particles 15 are crushed, the fine particles 15 can be concentrated without being crushed.

Referring again to FIG. 3, as the ion depletion region is expanded (DP), the red blood cells 15 can be pushed out at the interface. However, since the shear stress of the vortex is not large enough to crush the red blood cell 15, the red blood cells 15 can be continuously separated and concentrated along the interface where the ion depletion region expands (DP) and moves.

In the meantime, the material separation and concentration apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the ion selective membrane 60 is disposed so as to be electrically in parallel with the main microchannel 10. The reason that the fine particles 15 are not crushed but only the minimum shear stress is that the ion selective membrane 60 is arranged in electrical parallel with the main microchannel 10, The size of the electric field does not abruptly increase at the interface between the main microchannel 10 and the electroosmotic phenomenon induced by the electric field is stably distributed over the main microchannel 10.

The fact that the ion-selective membrane 60 and the main microchannel 10 are electrically parallel means that the current formed by applying an electric field to the material separation and concentration apparatus is the smallest Can be understood as meaning moving along the path of resistance. The elements constituting the main resistance to which current is passed in the material separation concentrator are the main microchannel 10, the ion selective membrane 40-60 and the ion depletion region P. [

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a material separation and concentration apparatus according to a comparative example, which is expressed by an equivalent circuit. Fig. 5 can correspond to the equivalent circuit of the second comparative example in Fig.

Ion concentration in the ion depletion layer inside (inside of the P-boundary) is due to lowered compared with the original electrolyte concentration of [concentration of the main microchannel 10] the resistance value in the zone is increased (R m <R d1, R d2) . A high voltage can be applied to R d1 while the resistance value R d1 of the ion depletion layer existing in the outer portion of the ion selective membrane 50 (the portion where the ion selective membrane 50 does not overlap) is increased while the ion depletion layer is formed have. The portion where the ion-selective membrane 50 is overlapped can be arranged in electrical parallel with the main microchannel 10 (R d2 , R n2 ). A high voltage is applied over a very short length between the P boundary and the ion selective membrane 50, which may mean that a large magnitude electric field (V / m) is created.

On the other hand, because the area of the resistance R m is compared to R d1 corresponding to the main micro-channel 10 is low, is applied over the low voltage is long, it can result in a lower electric field magnitude. Therefore, a difference in electric field in the size and ion depletion layer of the R d1 of the electric field for the R m of the main micro-channel 10 is larger, a strong and unstable vortex by electric convection currents induced by the electric field in the R d1 region . As a result, the material undergoes a large shear stress in the process of concentration, which can lead to fracture and damage.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a material separation and concentration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention as an equivalent circuit.

Referring to FIG. 6, unlike FIG. 5, an ion selective membrane 60 may provide a parallel connection across the main microchannel 10. Assuming that the ion depletion region is expanded and saturated at P1, an ion depletion layer is formed, and the ion concentration in the interior of the ion depletion layer (inside the boundary of P1) becomes equal to the electrolyte concentration (concentration of the main microchannel 10) The resistance value increases in the corresponding region. R m < R d2 ).

However, since the ion-selective membrane 60 connected in parallel exists, even if the resistance value R d2 inside the original ion depletion layer is increased, a new electric field path is formed according to the ratio of the resistance value R n2 of the ion selective membrane 60 . That is, as shown in FIG. 5, there is no section where a high voltage is applied over a very short length between the P boundary and the ion selective membrane 50, so that the resistance R m of the main microchannel 10 The path of the electric field by the resistance R n1 of the ion selective membrane 60 is formed and the path of the electric field by the resistance R d2 of the ion depletion layer and the resistance R n2 of the ion selective membrane 60 is formed inside the P boundary .

As a result, the voltage is applied over the electrical field length for R n2 of the electric field and ion-selective membrane 60 on the R m of the main microchannel 10, the size change is a certain level of the electric field at the boundary of the two regions &Lt; / RTI &gt; Since the magnitude of change of the electric field is not abrupt, the electroosmosis phenomenon induced by the electric field can be stably distributed over the main microchannel 10. As a result, the materials are subjected to minimal shear stress in the process of concentration, and the fine particles (red blood cells) 15 can be separated and separated non-destructively from the substance (blood).

The material separation and concentration apparatus can use a transparent material as a first substrate. For example, one of Pyrex, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, quartz, or SU-8 may be used as the first substrate. In addition to the first substrate, a second substrate may be included. The second substrate may be used to cover or seal the material separation and concentration apparatus. The second substrate may be made of the same material as the first substrate. In some embodiments, the first substrate task 2 substrate may be made of different materials.

On the other hand, the production of the material separation and concentration apparatus can be completed by plasma-bonding the first substrate to the second substrate. Further, the substrate is a supporting structure of a material separation and concentration apparatus. At least a portion of the substrate may be made of silicon. In one embodiment of the invention, the substrate or parts of the device may be made of polymer. The polymer may use PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane). When PDMS is used, oxygen (O 2 ) plasma treatment may be performed so as to have a hydrophilic property, but oxygen plasma treatment may be omitted in some cases.

In addition, the material separation and concentration apparatus includes an inlet 11 through which the material flows, and an outlet (not shown) may be formed at an end of the side microchannel 20. [ An ion selective membrane 60 may be disposed between the main microchannel 10 and the buffer microchannel 30. [ Of the substances introduced into the ion selective membrane 60, the remaining substances that are not to be concentrated can be discharged through the side microchannels 20. Here, the ion selective membrane 60 can use, for example, Nafion.

FIG. 7 is a photograph showing a process of material separation and concentration according to the first comparative example. FIG.

Referring to FIG. 7 (a), at the other end of the main microchannel 10 having a length of about 6,000 mu m and a width of about 200 mu m, ions Selective membrane 40 was placed. And blood (including erythrocytes 15) was injected through the inlet 11 of the main microchannel 10.

Referring to FIG. 7 (b), when the electric field is applied, it can be confirmed that the red blood cells 15 move by the fluid flow and the electroosmotic flow. 7 (c), the length of the ion-selective membrane 40 overlapped with the main microchannel 10 is short, so that the ion depletion region is not formed well, and the erythrocytes 15 pass through the side microchannel 20 You can see that you are exiting.

FIG. 8 is a photograph showing a process of material separation and concentration according to the second comparative example.

Referring to FIG. 8A, the ion selective membrane 50 is disposed so as to be overlapped by about 1,000 μm at the other end of the main microchannel 10 having a length of about 6,000 μm and a width of about 200 μm. And blood (including erythrocytes 15) was injected through the inlet 11 of the main microchannel 10.

8 (b), when the electric field is applied, the red blood cells 15 move by the fluid flow and the electroosmotic flow, the ion depletion region is gradually generated at the other end of the main microchannel 10, As shown in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 8 (c), it can be seen that the ion depletion region is enlarged to the left, and the red blood cells 15 are repelled by the ion depletion layer interface and concentrated in the opposite direction.

Referring to FIG. 8 (d), after the ion depletion region has significantly increased to the left, it is no longer increased, and the state of the red blood cells 15 is considerably concentrated at the interface of the ion depletion layer.

Referring to FIG. 8 (e), at the ion depletion layer interface, the erythrocytes 15 are pushed by the force received by the fluid flow and subjected to shear stress while being pushed to the opposite eccentricity by the force due to the ion concentration polarization . Since a large electric field is formed over a very short length between the ion depletion layer interface and the ion selective membrane 50, the erythrocytes 15 are crushed 15 'by strong shear stress and hemolyzed h Display) occurs.

Referring to FIG. 8 (f), a part of the hemoglobin hemihyzed (h) passes through the ion depletion layer, and the hemoglobin (hematopoietic) Thickened) is pushed away from the interface of the ion depletion region and is concentrated.

FIG. 9 is a photograph showing a material separation and concentration process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9A, the ion selective membrane 60 is disposed so as to be overlapped by about 6,000 μm at the other end of the main microchannel 10 having a length of about 6,000 μm and a width of about 200 μm. And blood (including erythrocytes 15) was injected through the inlet 11 of the main microchannel 10.

9 (b), when the electric field is applied, the red blood cells 15 move by the fluid flow and the electroosmotic flow, the ion depletion region is gradually generated at the other end of the main microchannel 10, As shown in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 9C, it can be seen that the ion depletion region is enlarged to the left, and the red blood cells 15 are repelled by the ion depletion layer interface and concentrated in the opposite direction.

Referring to FIG. 9D, when the ion depletion region continues to expand (DP) and reaches the limit that the ion depletion region expands (DP) with respect to the electric field intensity, the region no longer grows. The length of the ion selective membrane 60 can be made to extend over the first half of the main microchannel 10 at least longer than the size at which the ion depletion region reaches the limit.

Referring to FIG. 9 (e), it can be seen that the red blood cells 15 are continuously concentrated at the interface of the portion where the ion depletion region stops the expansion (DP). At the interface of the ion depletion layer, the red blood cells 15 are pushed by the force received by the fluid flow and subjected to shear stress while being pushed to the opposite eccentricity by the force of the ion concentration polarization. However, since the voltage is applied low over a long length of the main microchannel 10 and the ion selective membrane 60, and the change in the magnitude of the electric field is constant between the main microchannel 10 and the interface of the ion depletion layer, Only the minimum shear stress that can be concentrated is applied. Thus, the red blood cells 15 can be separated from the blood without being destroyed and concentrated. Thereafter, the concentrated red blood cells 15 can be extracted through a separate extraction means.

As described above, the present invention has the effect of separating / concentrating non-destructively the target material particles, fine particles, and the like. Further, the separation and concentration apparatus can be realized with a simple structure, and it is possible to carry out a large scale separation and concentration process with an economical and simple process.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken in conjunction with the present invention. Variations and changes are possible. Such variations and modifications are to be considered as falling within the scope of the invention and the appended claims.

10: Main microchannel
15: particulate
20: main microchannel
30: buffer microchannel
40-60: ion selective membrane
P, P1-P3: ion depletion region

Claims (13)

A main microchannel having an inlet at one end thereof for injecting a substance for separation and concentration;
An ion selective membrane disposed on one side of the main microchannel so as to be parallel to the longitudinal direction of the main microchannel;
A plurality of side microchannels branched at the other end of the main microchannel; And
A buffer microchannel which is disposed to be spaced apart from the other end of the main microchannel and which is disposed at least partially in contact with the ion selective membrane,
/ RTI &gt;
When an electric field is applied to the material separation and concentration apparatus, an ion concentration polarization (ICP) phenomenon occurs in the main microchannel adjacent to the ion selective membrane to form an ion depletion zone ,
Wherein the ion selective membrane contacting one surface of the main microchannel is disposed throughout the main microchannel and the ion selective membrane is formed longer than the length of the ion depletion region formed, Wherein a path of the electric field is formed in the channel. delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein when the electric field is applied to the material separation and concentration apparatus, the ion depletion region gradually increases in area from the other end of the main microchannel toward one end. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the magnitude of the electric field is kept constant at the interface between the main microchannel and the ion depletion region. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the ion selective membrane is a Nafion material. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein said material comprises polar fine particles having a micro-nano size. (a) supplying a material for separate concentration to a material separation concentrator; The material separation and concentration apparatus comprises a main microchannel having an inlet at one end thereof for injecting a substance for separation and concentration; An ion selective membrane disposed on one side of the main microchannel so as to be parallel to the longitudinal direction of the main microchannel; A plurality of side microchannels branched at the other end of the main microchannel; And a buffer microchannel spaced apart from the other end of the main microchannel and disposed at least partially in contact with the ion selective membrane,
(b) an electric field is applied to the material separation and concentration apparatus to cause an ion concentration polarization (ICP) phenomenon to occur at a predetermined site adjacent to the ion selective membrane and the main microchannel, thereby forming an ion depletion zone ); And
(c) separating and concentrating the fine particles from the material on the basis of the ionic depletion region
/ RTI &gt;
Wherein the ion selective membrane contacting one surface of the main microchannel is disposed throughout the main microchannel and the ion selective membrane is formed longer than the length of the ion depletion region formed, Wherein a path of the electric field is formed in the channel. 10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein when the electric field is applied to the material separation and concentration apparatus, the ion depletion region is gradually enlarged in the direction from the other end of the main microchannel to the one end. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the fine particles contained in the material are pushed by the electrical repulsive force at the interface of the ion depletion region and are separated and concentrated from the material. 10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the magnitude of the electric field is kept constant at the interface between the main microchannel and the ion depletion region. 13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein the shear stress applied to the microparticles contained in the material in the vicinity of the ion depletion region is less than the shear stress at which the microparticles are pulverized.
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