KR101718411B1

KR101718411B1 - Underground deformation measuring apparatus

Info

Publication number: KR101718411B1
Application number: KR1020160049044A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 이규완
Original assignee: (주)카이센
Priority date: 2016-04-22
Filing date: 2016-04-22
Publication date: 2017-04-04

Abstract

The present invention relates to an underground deformation measuring apparatus capable of monitoring and measuring a behavior or deformation such as inclination of an underground using an optical fiber.
The earth deformation measuring apparatus according to the present invention includes an outer inclinometer having a pipe shape and an inner inclinometer installed inside the outer inclinometer.
The inner inclinometer includes an upper member; A lower member; A first bending member capable of bending in a first direction or a second direction when an external force is applied; A second bending member disposed parallel to and spaced apart from the first bending member and bent in the same direction as the first bending member when the external force is applied; A first optical fiber having a first section connected to the upper member and a second section connected to the lower member to induce a tensile force in the first direction bending and to cause compression in the second direction bending; Wherein the first section is connected to the upper member and the second section is connected to the lower member to cause compression in the first direction bending and a second optical fiber in which tension is induced in the second direction bending, ; And at least one optical fiber sensor formed on the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber, respectively.

Description

[0001] UNDERGROUND DEFORMATION MEASURING APPARATUS [0002]

The present invention relates to an inclinometer, and more particularly, to an in-situ deformation measuring apparatus capable of monitoring and measuring a behavior or a deformation such as a tilt of an underground using an optical fiber.

In general, deformation of the ground is caused by natural causes such as fine earthquakes and heavy rains, or by artificial causes such as various construction works.

However, due to the above-mentioned causes, when the change of the ground occurs, various pipes buried in the ground due to subsidence, breakage, and inclination of the ground may collapse or various slopes may be collapsed, When the construction is carried out, the accident occurs such as collapse of the closing road.

In order to prevent such collapse, recently, equipment capable of predicting collapse of the slope has been known and used, but development of a device capable of predicting the collapse of the flat surface and the collapse of the tunnel is insufficient.

As a device applied to collapse of the slope surface, there is known a device that interconnects a pile put on the ground through a wire and predicts the collapse sign of the slope according to a change in the length of the wire.

However, when the slope is measured using such a device, it is possible to predict the surface collapse of the slope, but it is impossible to measure the inside of the slope and thus the slope of the slope can not be predicted.

In order to solve such problems, a method has been proposed in which a plurality of electric sensor-based inclinometers are connected in a pipe and arranged in a row in a pipe, and then buried in the ground.

In this case, there is an advantage in that the ground deformation such as tilting and sinking of the ground can be measured. However, since the electric sensor based inclinometer is expensive, the conventional earth deformation measuring apparatus having a plurality of inclinometers on one pipe, There was a drawback that the price was very expensive.

In addition, since an electric sensor-based inclinometer requires a cable withdrawal for each inclinometer, there is a disadvantage in that when a plurality of inclinometers are installed in the ground, cable processing, use, and the like are troublesome and the sensor may be damaged due to lightning.

In order to solve this problem, a method of attaching an optical fiber sensor to a pipe has been proposed. However, in the conventional inclinometer using an optical fiber, it is possible to measure the deformation of the ground only when the pipe itself undergoes flexural deformation, There was a limitation in measuring the deformation of the pipe when the entire pipe was inclined without the pipe.

In order to solve such a problem, an inclinometer including a pendulum rotating in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction is provided inside a pipe, and such a pendulum is rotatably connected to a support by a bearing, whereby the entire pipe A device for measuring the occurrence of inclination by a pendulum rotating so as to face the gravity direction when tilted has been proposed.

However, such a pendulum-type inclinometer has caused a clearance in the bearing connecting the pendulum and the support, which causes lateral flow of the pendulum. However, such lateral flow of the pendulum acts as noise in measuring the underground behavior, which has a problem that measurement accuracy and reliability may be lowered.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of measuring a slope of a pipe, And to provide an underground deformation measuring apparatus capable of accurately measuring an underground deformation.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide an underground deformation measuring apparatus capable of precisely measuring the degree of inclination by eliminating noise generating factors due to clearances of apparatus parts and the like.

In order to attain the above object, an earth deformation measuring apparatus according to the present invention comprises an inclinometer (hereinafter referred to as an "outside tilt gauge") having a pipe shape and another tilt gauge (hereinafter referred to as an "internal tilt gauge" Quot;).

The inner inclinometer includes an upper member; A lower member; A first bending member connected at one end to the upper member and connected to the lower member at the other end and bendable in a first direction or a second direction when an external force is applied; A second bending member which is connected to the upper member at one end thereof and is connected to the lower member at a second end thereof and is spaced apart from and parallel to the first bending member and is bent in the same direction as the first bending member when the external force is applied, Wow; Wherein the first bending member and the second bending member are spaced apart from each other in front of the first bending member and the second bending member, the first section is connected to the upper member and the second section is connected to the lower member, A first optical fiber induced to be compressed in the second direction bending; The first bending member is spaced apart from the first bending member and the second bending member such that the first portion is connected to the upper member and the second portion is connected to the lower member, A second optical fiber in which compression is induced and a tensile force is induced in the second direction bending; And at least one optical fiber sensor formed on the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber, respectively.

The outer inclination system comprises: a hollow tube body in which an inner inclinometer is housed; A guide rail formed on the inner surface of the tubular body along the longitudinal direction thereof in the form of a slot groove; A pair of jigs including a body and an engaging protrusion protruding from the body, the engaging protrusion being slidably engaged with the guide rail and being spaced apart from each other; A tightening bolt for tightening the pair of jigs in a range of the guide rail, the pair of jigs being fixed to the guide rail by a bolt formed in the coupling protrusion; A third optical fiber fixed on one body of the jig, and the other optical fiber fixed on the body of the other jig; And at least one optical fiber sensor formed on the third optical fiber.

According to the ground deformation measuring apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to monitor and measure various behaviors of the bar, which can measure not only the deformation of the pipe but also the tilting of the pipe without deformation of the pipe itself, There is an effect that a more accurate measurement result and data reliability can be guaranteed.

Particularly, according to the earth deformation measuring apparatus according to the present invention, the sensing range of the apparatus and the pre-stress accompanying it can be selectively adjusted within a predetermined range, so that a single measuring apparatus can be used for various environments, As a result, it is possible to maximize the operational width and elasticity of the apparatus.

1 is an exploded perspective view of an inner inclinometer according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the coupling of Fig. 1; Fig.
Figure 3 is a front view of Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a side view of Figure 3;
5 is a perspective view of the 1a position adjusting means according to the present invention;
6 (a) is a cross-sectional view of first and second fasteners according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 (b) is a sectional view showing a state where first and second optical fibers are connected to first and second fasteners.
7 is a perspective view of a tube of an outside inclinometer according to the present invention.
8 is a perspective view of a jig of an outside inclinometer according to the present invention.
9 is a perspective view of an outside inclinometer according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a first embodiment of an installation structure in a tubular body of an inner inclinometer according to the present invention. Fig.
11 is a second embodiment of an installation structure of an inner inclination meter in a tube according to the present invention.
12 is a perspective view of an earth deformation measuring apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 (a) is a schematic view showing an underground buried structure and bending deformation of an underground deformation measuring apparatus according to the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 13 (b) is a schematic view showing an underground buried structure and a tilting deformation of an underground deformation measuring apparatus according to the present invention. FIG.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this specification, the terms "comprises" or "having" and the like refer to the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

Also, in the present specification, the term " above or above "means to be located above or below the object portion, and does not necessarily mean that the object is located on the upper side with respect to the gravitational direction. It will also be understood that when a section of an area, plate, or the like is referred to as being "above or above another section ", this applies not only to the case where the other section is " And the like.

Also, in this specification, when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" with another element, the element may be directly connected or directly connected to the other element, It should be understood that, unless an opposite description is present, it may be connected or connected via another element in the middle.

Also, in this specification, the terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

The earth deformation measuring apparatus according to the present invention includes an inclination meter (hereinafter referred to as an 'outside inclination meter') having a pipe shape and another inclination meter (hereinafter referred to as an 'inside inclination meter') fixedly accommodated in the outside inclination meter do.

Hereinafter, the inner inclination meter of the present invention will be described first, and then the outer inclination meter will be described.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an inner inclinometer according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an assembled perspective view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG.

1 to 4, an inner inclinometer according to the present invention includes an upper member 10, a lower member 20, a first bending member 30a, a second bending member 30b, a first optical fiber 70a, A second optical fiber 70b and optical fiber sensors 70a and 70b and preferably includes a first position adjusting means 40a, 42a, 44a and 46a and a second position adjusting means 40b, 42b, 44b and 46b ).

The upper member 10 of the present invention is connected to the lower member 20 via the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b and is buried together with the lower member 20 in the ground, And is installed on the structure. Hereinafter, an object to which the inclinometer of the present invention is embedded or installed will be referred to as a " measurement object ".

The shape of the upper member 10 is not particularly limited as long as it is connected to and supports the upper ends of the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b. 1, the upper member 10 is formed as a rectangular parallelepiped member having the 2a position adjusting means on the lower surface thereof. However, the upper member 10 may be formed in a shape suitable for the measurement object, such as a cylindrical shape or a polygonal pyramid shape Can be configured.

The lower member 20 of the present invention is connected to the lower ends of the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b and acts when a tilting of the measurement object occurs to cause the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b, (30b).

Although the material of the lower member 20 is not particularly limited, when the inclination degree of the measurement object and the deformation characteristics of the first and second bending members 30a and 30b are taken into account, the lower member 20 is formed of a metal material having a large volume- .

The shape of the lower member 20 is also not particularly limited. 1, the lower member 20 is a rectangular parallelepiped member. However, the lower member 20 may be formed in a shape suitable for a measurement object such as a cylindrical shape, a polygonal pyramid, or the like.

When the inner inclination system further includes a position adjusting means 1a to be described later, a bolt groove 22 corresponding to the tightening bolt 44a 'of the 1a' position adjusting means is further formed on the lower member 20 .

One end of the first bending member 30a of the present invention is connected to the upper member 10 and the other end of the first bending member 30a is connected to the lower member 20 so as to be bendable when an external force is applied.

Here, the 'application of external force' refers to a force that causes the first bending member 30a to be bent by the relative movement of the lower member 20 relative to the upper member 10 when the inclination of the measurement object occurs.

The first bending member 30a is configured to be capable of bending only in the first direction or the second direction by such an external force. To this end, the first bending member 30a is formed in the shape of a plate having a long axis in the longitudinal direction. Here, the 'longitudinal direction' refers to the height direction from the lower member 20 to the upper member 10.

Therefore, the first direction bending means a bending deformation in the front direction of the plate body of the first bending member 30a, and the bending in the second direction means the backward bending deformation.

Preferably, the first bending member 30a is formed of a flexible metal material and has a thickness and a shape capable of smoothly inducing a bending operation by an external force transmitted when the inclination of the measurement object occurs.

The second bending member 30b of the present invention is formed in the same manner as the first bending member 30a and has one end connected to the upper member 10 and the other end connected to the lower member 20, And is bendable in the same direction as the first bending member 30a when an external force is applied.

For example, when the first external force (or the second external force) is applied, the first bending member 30a is moved in the first direction (or the second direction) At this time, the second bending member 30b also has a bending deformation in the first direction (or the second direction) due to the first external force (or the second external force).

In order to operate the second bending member 30b as described above, the second bending member 30b is formed such that one surface of the plate member is included in the same plane as one surface of the plate member of the first bending member 30a, Or the like. For reference, 'the same surface' does not refer to a configuration of the inner inclination meter but refers to a virtual surface for explaining the installation structure of the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b.

The first optical fiber 70a of the present invention is configured to perform a sensing function by forming a sensor 73a. The sensor 73a may be an optical fiber sensor of FBG (Fiber Bragg Gratings) type, and the FBG optical fiber sensor is provided by generating a Bragg grating that reflects a specific wavelength to the optical fiber.

The Bragg grating strain sensor can detect a change in lattice spacing due to a tensile or compressive force applied to the first optical fiber 70a in accordance with the bending deformation of the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b according to the behavior of the measurement object, . &Lt; / RTI >

By using the property that the wavelength of the reflected light is changed according to the change of the Bragg grating interval, the corresponding strain can be measured by analyzing the wavelength variation amount of the reflected light, so that the inclination of the measured object can be monitored and measured .

Meanwhile, the plurality of optical fiber sensors 73a may be provided in a single first optical fiber 70a. If a plurality of optical fiber sensors 73a are provided in this manner, it is possible to perform multiple measurement, thereby improving measurement accuracy and reliability There is an advantage.

The first optical fiber 70a is disposed in front of the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b so that one side region (hereinafter referred to as a "first section") is located on the top side member 10 (Hereinafter, referred to as a "second section") is connected and fixed on the lower member 20, and the longitudinal direction thereof is disposed along the height direction of the inner inclination system.

The second optical fiber 70b of the present invention is formed in the same manner as the first optical fiber 70a and at least one optical fiber sensor 73b is formed similarly to the first optical fiber 70a. The second optical fiber 70b is disposed behind the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b so that one side region (hereinafter referred to as a first section) , And the other side region (hereinafter, referred to as a 'second section') is connected and fixed on the lower member 20, and the longitudinal direction thereof is disposed along the height direction of the inner inclination system.

Here, the 'front' of the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b refers to the front side direction with respect to the front and rear surfaces of the plate members of the first and second bending members 30a and 30b , And the term 'rear' refers to a direction opposite to the 'front', that is, the rear side direction.

According to the above-described structure, when the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b bend in the first direction, the first optical fiber 70a is pulled and the second optical fiber 70b is compressed do. Conversely, when the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b bend in the second direction, the first optical fiber 70a is compressed and the second optical fiber 70b is pulled.

The first section and the second section of the first optical fiber 70a are attached to the first fixture 40a and the first fixture 40a to be described later through the fixing agent 81, The first section and the second section of the second member 70b are also attached to the other side of the second fixing member 40b and the second fixing member 40b 'through the fixing agent 81, And is connected and fixed.

The fixing agent 81 can be fixed to both the end portions of the first optical fiber 70a and the second optical fiber 70b by applying the adhesive agent to the portion to be fixed using a resin-based adhesive containing an epoxy resin and then curing.

However, the first optical fiber 70a and the second optical fiber 70b may be provided on the first fixture 40a more firmly by providing a cover tape, a coupler, and the like. It is of course possible to constitute a fixed structure.

The first section of the first optical fiber 70a and the first section of the second optical fiber 70b may be configured to be fixed on the upper member 10.

The inner inclination system of the present invention is characterized in that the measurement range and the pre-strain amount of the inner inclination gauge can be freely adjusted through the operation of the first and second position adjustment means.

Specifically, the inner inclinometer of the present invention can adjust the flexural deformation range of the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b through the 2a position adjusting means and the 2b position adjusting means, The pre-strain adjustment of the first optical fiber 70a and the second optical fiber 70b must be accompanied by the adjustment of the pre-strain of the first optical fiber 70a and the second optical fiber 70b, 1 'section is fixed.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a first position adjusting means according to the present invention, Fig. 6 (a) is a sectional view of first and second fasteners according to the present invention, Fig. 6 1 and the second optical fiber are connected to each other.

Referring to FIGS. 1, 5, and 6, when the measurement range of the inner inclinometer is changed as described above, the first position adjustment unit of the present invention adjusts the position where the first section of the first optical fiber 70a is fixed And corresponds to a configuration functioning to adjust the pre-strain.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first position adjusting means includes a first fastener 40a, a first long hole 42a, a fastening bolt 44a, and a first anti-skid groove 46a.

The first fixture 40a is a member that fixes a first section of the first optical fiber 70a and fixes the first section on the upper member 10. The first fixture 40a preferably has a flat plate- .

The first fixture 40a is configured to adjust the fixing position on the upper member 10 of the first section by adjusting the position fixed on one side of the upper member 10 by the tightening bolt 44a.

The first hole 42a is formed so as to have a constant width in the longitudinal direction of the first fixing hole 40a (that is, the height direction of the inner inclination meter) so as to have a long axis, Is larger than the outer diameter of at least the threaded portion 45a and smaller than the cross sectional area of the head 46a.

These first elongated holes 42a are preferably provided in a pair, and the pair of first elongated holes 42a are arranged in parallel to each other.

The tightening bolt 44a of the present invention is constituted by a threaded portion 45a and a head portion 46a so that the threaded portion 45a can be fastened to the bolt groove 12 formed in the upper member 10. [

The threaded portion 45a of the tightening bolt 44a refers to a portion where a thread is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the bar type member and the head portion 46a is formed at the end of the threaded portion 45a, Sectional area larger than the cross-sectional area of the first end surface 45a.

The tightening bolt 44a penetrates through the first hole 42a and is fastened to the upper member 10 so as to determine a position at which the first fastener 40a is fixed on one surface of the upper member 10. [

That is, when the upper end of the first hole 42a is positioned on the tightening bolt 44a and then the tightening bolt 44a is tightened, the head portion 46a presses the first fastener 40a and presses the first fastener 40a, Is fixed on the first position of the upper member (10). When the lower end of the first hole 42a is positioned on the tightening bolt 44a and then the tightening bolt 44a is tightened, the head 46a presses the first fastener 40a and the first fastener 40a, Is fixed at a position higher than the first position of the upper member (10).

With the above arrangement, the fixing position of the first fixture 40a can be adjusted within the long axis range L1 of the first long hole 42a along the height direction of the upper member 10, It is possible to adjust the position at which the first section of the one optical fiber 70a is fixed on the upper member 10.

By adjusting the fixing position of the first section, the pre-strain adjustment of the first optical fiber 70a corresponding to the change in the range of flexural deformation of the first and second bending members 30a and 30b Lt; / RTI >

When the first holes 42a are formed as a pair, the fastening bolts 44a are also provided in pairs so that the fastening bolts 44a pass through the first holes 42a and are inserted into the upper member 10 Respectively.

The first anti-skid groove 46a of the present invention is formed in the first fixing member 40a so that the first anti-skid groove 46a is fixed by the shear force applied via the first optical fiber 70a during the bending deformation of the first bending member 30a Is prevented from horizontally sliding from the first fixture 40a or from being detached from the fixed state.

Preferably, the first slide preventing groove 46a is formed in a concave groove structure between the pair of first long holes 42a, and the fixing groove 81 is filled therein.

With the above structure, the first section of the first optical fiber 70a is fixed on the first fixture 40a by the fixing agent 81, and the fixing agent 81 fixing the first section is fixed on the first slide 40a. The preventing groove 46a acts as a shear key so as to resist the shearing force generated in the pulling process of the first optical fiber 70a.

The first fixing hole 40a may be formed with a seating groove 48a through which the first section of the first optical fiber 70a can be inserted. And the fixing agent 81 is coated and filled with the first anti-skid groove 46a and the seating groove 48a.

The first b position adjusting means of the present invention adjusts the position where the first section of the second optical fiber 70b is fixed when adjusting the measurement range of the inner inclinometer to adjust the pre- .

The first b position adjusting means includes a second fastener 40b, a second long hole 42b, a fastening bolt 44b, and a second anti-skid groove 46b, 1 fixing hole 40a, the first long hole 42a, the tightening bolt 44a, and the first anti-skid groove 46a. However, the following differences exist. Only the differences will be described below.

The first b position adjusting means is provided on the other surface of the upper member 10 corresponding to the first a position adjusting means provided on one surface of the upper member 10. [ Here, the 'other surface of the upper member 10' refers to the opposite surface of the 'upper surface of the upper member 10'.

Accordingly, the second fixture 40b, to which the first 'section of the second optical fiber 70b is fixed, is fixed on the other surface of the upper member 10 by the tightening bolt 44b, So as to adjust the position fixed on the upper member (10).

In other words, the second fixture 40b can be adjusted in its longitudinal direction along the height direction of the upper member 10 within the range of the long axis of the second long hole 42b, 1 'section is fixed on the other surface of the upper member 10.

The pre-stress of the second optical fiber 70b corresponding to the change in the range of flexural deformation of the first and second bending members 30a and 30b can be controlled by adjusting the fixing position of the first section, Adjustment becomes possible.

The 2a position adjusting means of the present invention is a structure for adjusting the range of the bending deformation of the first bending member 30a when the measurement range of the inner inclination meter is to be changed.

According to a preferred embodiment, the 2a position adjustment means includes a first fixing table 50a, a first pressing piece 60a, a position selection hole 32a, and a tightening bolt 64a.

The first fixing table 50a is vertically protruded on the upper surface of the lower member 20 and the lower end of the first bending member 30a is fixed to the lower member 20a together with the tightening bolt 64a and the first pressing piece 60a. ).

The first fixing table 50a may be formed into a columnar shape as shown in Fig. 1. Preferably, at least one surface opposed to the first pressing piece 60a is a flat surface.

The first pressing piece 60a is disposed at a predetermined distance in front of the first fixing table 50a and presses one surface of the first bending member 30a when the screw is fastened by the fastening bolt 64a, The first bending member 30a maintains a rigid fixed state and functions to cause a bending deformation of the first bending member 30a when the inclination of the measurement object occurs.

The first pressing piece 60a may be formed in a plate shape as shown in Fig. 1. Preferably, at least one surface opposed to the first fixing table 50a is a flat surface.

The first bending member 30a is provided with a position selection hole 32a for selecting a position where the first bending member 30a is fixed to the lower member 20.

According to one embodiment, the position selection holes 32a may be formed at the lower end of the first bending member 30a by a plurality of through holes formed one by one along the longitudinal direction thereof, or may be formed in the shape of one long hole. Here, the inner diameter of the through hole or the width of the long hole is formed to be at least larger than the outer diameter of the threaded portion of the tightening bolt 64a and smaller than the cross-sectional area of the head portion.

The tightening bolt 64a is fixed to the bolt groove 52a of the first fixing table 50a through the first pressing piece 60a to determine a position where the first bending member 30a is fixed to the lower member 20 .

Specifically, when the lower end of the first bending member 30a is interposed between the first fixing table 50a and the first pressing piece 60a and then the tightening bolt 64a is tightened, the tightening bolt 64a is pressed by the first pressing The position where the first bending member 30a is fixed to the lower member 20 is determined by passing through the piece 60a and the position selection hole 32a and then being fastened to the first fixing base 50a.

For example, when the tightening bolt 64a is fastened through the position selection hole 32a located at the uppermost end of the first bending member 30a, the lower end of the first bending member 30a is fixed to the third position, The lower end of the first bending member 30a is positioned at a position higher than the third position (that is, the lower member (the lower member) 20). &Lt; / RTI >

In this manner, the position where the first bending member 30a is fixed to the lower member 20 can be adjusted stepwise within the range of the position selection hole 32a. By adjusting the fixing position of the first bending member 30a, the exposure length of the first bending member 30a can be adjusted. By adjusting the exposure length, the bending deformation range of the first bending member 30a . &Lt; / RTI >

For reference, by increasing the exposure lengths of the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b through the exposure length adjustment described above, it is possible to increase the flexural deformation range and the sensing range of the inner inclination system. Conversely, if the exposure lengths of the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b are reduced, the range of flexural deformation of the inner inclinometer and accordingly the sensing range can be reduced.

Here, the 'exposure length of the first bending member 30a' refers to the length of the first bending member 30a protruding from the first fixing base 50a of the lower member 20 and the first fixing base of the upper member 10 , That is, the length in the height direction of the region exposed to the outside between the first fixing table 50a and the first 'fixing table.

The second position adjusting means of the present invention is for adjusting the range of the bending deformation of the second bending member 30b when the measurement range of the inner inclination meter is to be changed.

The second position adjusting means includes a second fixing table 50b, a second pressing piece 60b, a position selecting hole 32b and a tightening bolt 64b. The first pressing piece 60a, the position selecting hole 32a, and the tightening bolt 64a, but the following differences exist.

That is, the second fixing table 50b is protruded to the vertical upper portion of the lower member 20, the second pressing piece 60b is disposed in front of the second fixing table 50b, The fastening bolt 64b is formed in the lower end of the bending member 30b along the longitudinal direction thereof in the form of a plurality of through holes or a long hole and the fastening bolt 64b passes through the second pressing piece 60b, And the second bending member 30b is fixed to the lower member 20 by being fastened to the lower member 52b.

With the above-described structure, the second b position adjusting means adjusts the position where the second bending member 30b is fixed to the lower member 20 within the range of the position selecting hole 32b in the same manner as the 2a position adjusting means And becomes stepwise adjustable. By adjusting the fixing position of the second bending member 30b, it is possible to adjust the exposure length of the second bending member 30b. By adjusting the exposure length of the second bending member 30b, . &Lt; / RTI >

On the other hand, the first pressing piece 60a and the second pressing piece 60b of the present invention are further characterized as follows. That is, the first pressing piece 60a and the second pressing piece 60b are integrally connected to each other, so that when the behavior of the lower member 20 is generated, the external force resulting from the behavior is transmitted to the first pressing piece 60a and the second pressing piece 60b, And can be simultaneously transmitted to the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b via the second bending member 60b.

1, the first pressing piece 60a and the second pressing piece 60b are connected to each other through a bar-shaped connecting member 62 interposed therebetween, so that the first pressing piece 60a, Member 62 and the second pressing piece 60b as a whole have a U-shaped or H-shaped integral structure.

The inner inclinometer of the present invention is characterized in that the bending members are provided as a pair (i.e., first and second bending members), which prevents malfunctions or measurement failures that may occur when the bending members are constituted by one unit. .

In other words, the bending member provided in the inner inclination system must be deformed only in the first direction or the second direction in terms of its characteristics. When the bending member is composed of one bending member, The second direction), and the inclination can not be measured accurately.

However, when the bending members are constituted as a pair as proposed in the present invention and the pair of bending members are arranged so as to be parallel to each other, the bending member can resist the vertical external force, It is possible to prevent bending deformation and to prevent malfunction of the inner inclination meter or measurement failure.

Furthermore, even if the bending member is constituted by a pair (i.e., first and second bending members) as described above, the first pressing piece 60a and the second pressing piece 60b structure described above, The external force due to the occurrence of the movement of the inner bendable member 20 can be simultaneously transmitted to the pair of bendable members, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy and reliability of the inner inclined system.

As an enlarged embodiment, the inner inclinometer according to the present invention may further comprise the 1a 'position adjusting means and the 1b' position adjusting means.

The 1a 'position adjusting means adjusts the position where the second section of the first optical fiber 70a is fixed on the lower member 20. The first' fixture 40a ', the first' long hole 42a ' , A fastening bolt 44a ', a first' anti-slide groove 46a 'and a seating groove 48a', each of which is composed of a first fastener 40a of the first position adjusting means, Is the same as the fixing bolt 42a, the tightening bolt 44a ', the first slide prevention groove 46a and the seating groove 48a except that the first' fixture 40a 'is fixed on the front surface of the lower member 20 That is the difference.

According to the above configuration, the first 'fixture 40a' can be adjusted in its longitudinal direction within the long axis range L2 of the first 'long hole 42a' along the height direction of the lower member 20 So that the position of the second section of the first optical fiber 70a fixed on the lower member 20 can be adjusted.

The pre-stress adjustment of the first optical fiber 70a corresponding to the change of the flexural deformation range of the first and second bending members 30a and 30b is performed through the adjustment of the fixing position of the second section, Lt; / RTI >

The first b 'position adjusting means adjusts the position where the second section of the second optical fiber 70b is fixed on the lower member 20, and the second' fixture 40b ', the second' long hole 42b The first fastening hole 40b, the second fastening hole 42b, the fastening bolt 44b ', and the second' anti-slide groove 46b ' The bolt 44b and the second slide prevention groove 46b except that the second fixture 40b is fixed on the rear surface of the lower member 20. [

According to the above-described configuration, the fixing position of the second 'fixture 40b' can be adjusted within the range of the second 'long hole 42b' along the height direction of the lower member 20, The position of the second section of the optical fiber 70b fixed on the lower member 20 can be adjusted.

By adjusting the fixing position of the second section, the pre-strain adjustment of the second optical fiber 70b corresponding to the change of the flexural deformation range of the first and second bending members 30a and 30b Lt; / RTI >

As described above, when the inner inclinometer of the present invention is constituted, it is advantageous to further include the 1a 'position adjusting means and the 1b' position adjusting means as follows.

The pre-strain adjustment range, that is, the position adjustment range is limited to the range of the long axis length L1 of the first long hole 42a and the second long hole 42b The first inclined hole 42a 'and the second elongated hole 42b' may have the pre-strain control range of the inner inclination system within the range of the long axis length L2 of the first 'long hole 42a' and the second long hole 42b ' . &Lt; / RTI >

The second section of the first optical fiber 70a and the second section of the second optical fiber 70b are disposed on the lower member 20, And the second section and the second section can be fixed by using the fixing agent 81 on the plate bonded on the lower member 20 in this case.

As another extended embodiment, the inner inclinometer of the present invention further comprises another pair of position adjusting means configured similarly to the position adjusting means of 2a and 2b, and the other pair of position adjusting means comprises an upper member 10 to be fixed to the upper member 10 through the position selection holes 32a, 32b formed in the upper ends of the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b Can be configured.

If another pair of position adjusting means is further provided on the side of the upper member 10, the exposure length of the first bending member 30a and the second bending member 30b, that is, Can be increased.

As a result, according to the inner inclinometer according to the present invention, the sensing range of the sensor and the pre-stress accompanying the sensor can be selectively adjusted within a predetermined range, so that a single device can be installed and used more flexibly in various environments and objects to be measured.

Hereinafter, the outer tilt sensor of the present invention will be described in detail.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a tube of an external inclinometer according to the present invention, FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a jig of an external inclinometer according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an external inclinometer according to the present invention.

The outboard inclinometer of the present invention is constructed in the form of a pipe and is an apparatus for measuring a change in the inclination according to the behavior of the measurement object together with the inner inclination meter 100. [

7 to 9, the outer inclinometer of the present invention includes a tube body 80, a pair of jigs 90, a third optical fiber 71, and an optical fiber sensor 75.

The tube 80 of the present invention is constructed in the form of a hollow pipe, a guide rail 82 is formed on the inner circumferential surface thereof, and an inner inclinometer is provided in the hollow inside.

The tubular body 80 is formed of a material capable of inducing a behavior such as a bending deformation or a tilting in conjunction with a behavior of an object to be measured, and may preferably be formed of a synthetic resin or an aluminum material.

On the other hand, when the tubular body 80 is composed of a plurality of tubular bodies 80, the lengths of the tubular bodies 80 can be extended as needed by connecting the optical fibers provided in the tubular bodies 80 by optical fusion.

According to a preferred embodiment, the guide rail 82 of the tubular body 80 is formed in a shape of a slotted groove formed continuously in a linear structure along the longitudinal direction of the tubular body 80, and has a "∪" Sectional structure.

The guide rails 82 may be at least two, preferably four, and the plurality of guide rails 82 may be arranged to be uniformly spaced from each other.

The jig 90 of the present invention is a member for fixing and fixing the third optical fiber 71 inside the tubular body 80. The jig 90 is movable along the guide rail 82, And the fixed position can be selected within the range.

According to a preferred embodiment, the jig 90 comprises a body 91, an engaging projection 93, and a tightening bolt 94. The body 91 has a structure for fixing one region of the third optical fiber 71 and is fixed and fixed on the inner surface of the tube 80 through a coupling projection 93 formed on one surface And the third optical fiber 71 is fixed through the slide preventing groove 97 and the mounting groove 99 formed on the other surface (preferably, the upper surface).

The slide preventing groove 97 of the jig 90 prevents the fixing agent 92 from horizontally sliding from the jig 90 due to the shear force applied when the tube body 80 is flexed or displaced from the jig 90, . The slide preventing groove 97 may be configured in the same manner as the first slide preventing groove 46a of the first position adjusting means.

The seating groove 99 of the jig 90 is formed so as to communicate with the slide preventing groove 97 as a groove-shaped space into which one region of the third optical fiber 71 can be inserted.

The engaging projection 93 of the jig 90 is formed on the body 91 and is slidably engaged on the guide rail 82. [ According to a preferred embodiment, the engaging projection 93 is formed in a protruding shape protruding on one surface of the body 91 and is formed to have a width and a height to be inserted into the guide rail 82. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the coupling protrusions 93 are formed in a bar shape protruding from one side of the body 91.

A bolt groove 95 for fixing the body 91 to the inside of the tubular body 80 is formed in the engaging projection 93 by being fastened to the tightening bolt 94. 9, the jig 90 is positioned at a desired position on the guide rail 82, and then the tightening bolt 93, which passes through the tubular body 80, And is fixed on the inner surface of the tubular body 80 by fastening the tubular body 94 to the bolt groove 95.

The first and second jigs 90 and 90 are provided with a pair of jigs 90 and 90. The first jig 90 and the second jig 90 are disposed on opposite sides of the same guide rail 82 ). One area of the third optical fiber 71 is connected and fixed to the first jig of the pair of jigs 90 and another area of the third optical fiber 71 is connected and fixed to the second jig.

The third optical fiber 71 has the same structure as the first optical fiber 70a described above except that one region and the other region are connected and fixed on a pair of jigs 90, The difference is that the inclination occurrence is measured.

And a sensor 75 is formed on the third optical fiber 71 to perform a sensing function. The sensor 75 may be a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) type optical fiber sensor, and the FBG optical fiber sensor is provided by generating a Bragg grating that reflects a specific wavelength to the optical fiber.

The Bragg grating strain sensor is configured such that a change in lattice spacing can be caused by the tensile or compressive force applied to the third optical fiber 71 when the tube 80 is flexed according to the behavior of the measurement object.

It should be noted that a plurality of optical fiber sensors 75 may be formed on the third optical fiber 71.

One region and the other region of the third optical fiber 71 may be fixedly attached to the first jig and the second jig through a fixing agent 92, respectively. At this time, the fixing agent 92 is applied and filled with the anti-skid groove and the mounting groove formed in the body 91.

The fixing agent 92 can be fixed to a portion to be fixed by using a resin-based adhesive containing an epoxy resin, and then cured to fix the third both ends.

As described above, the pair of jigs 90 may be provided in pairs. The pair of jigs 90 may be provided in a plurality of pairs. In this case, a plurality of guide rails 82 are also provided, a pair of jigs 90 are fixed on the first guide rails, and another pair of jigs 90 are installed on the second guide rails A plurality of pairs of jigs 90 and optical fibers may be provided in one tube 80 in the same manner.

The outer inclination system of the present invention can select the fixing position of the jig 90 within the range of the guide rail 82 through the selection of the fastening position of the fastening bolt 94. It is possible to adjust the distance between the first jig and the second jig The length of the third optical fiber 71 connected between the first jig and the second jig, that is, the sensing range and the sensitivity can be adjusted.

According to a preferred embodiment, the fastening position of the fastening bolt 94 is selected by the bolt hole 83 formed in the tube body 80. Specifically, a plurality of bolt holes 83 may be formed along the longitudinal direction of the tube 80, and the position of the bolt hole may be primarily selected through selection of bolt holes. At least one or more bolt holes 83a of the plurality of bolt holes 83 are formed in the shape of an elongated hole to determine a position at which the bolt hole 94 is fixed within a range of the bolt holes 83a, (That is, a pre-strained amount) of the detailed engagement position.

The sensing range is determined by the amount of pre-strain applied and the sensing sensitivity is determined by adjusting the distance of the third optical fiber 91 from its longitudinal center axis within the tube 80, The sensitivity to bending can be changed.

The adjustment of the distance of the third optical fiber 91 can be achieved by adjusting the height of the jig 90. The height of the jig 90 can be controlled by providing a plurality of types of jigs 90 having different heights, The height of the jig 90 may be adjusted by adjusting the amount of fastening of the jig 90 and the fastening bolt 94 or by adjusting the height of the jig 90 It is adjustable by way of additionally mounting a member.

11 is a second embodiment of the installation structure of the inner inclination gauge according to the present invention in a tubular body according to the present invention, Fig.

10 to 12, the inner inclinometer 100 of the present invention is inserted into the tube 80, and preferably a plurality of the inner tilt sensors 100 are spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction of the tube 80 It can be configured to be arranged.

As shown in FIG. 10, the inner inclinometer 100 may be inserted into the inner tube 80 through a moving rail 110 installed on an outer surface of the inner inclinometer 100. In this case, the moving rail 110 may include a support 111 fixed to the inner inclinometer 100 and a wheel 113 axially rotatably coupled to one end of the support 111.

Preferably, the plurality of moving rails 110 are provided, and the pair of moving rails are installed on the left upper side and the lower left side of the inner inclinometer 100, and the other pair of moving rails are disposed on the upper right side And on the right-hand side. The wheels 113 of the moving rails 110 are configured to be movable on the guide rails 82 described above.

The wheel 113 of the moving rail 110 is inserted into the corresponding one of the guide rails 82 and is guided by the guide rails 82, The inner inclinometer 100 can be easily positioned at a desired point by rotating.

As another embodiment, the inner inclinometer 100 may be fixed inside the tubular body 80 through a separate support 120 as in the embodiment of FIG. In this case, a bolt groove 121 is formed in the support body 120 so that a bolt 123 passing through the tube body 80 is fastened to the bolt groove 121, so that the support body 120 is supported on the inner surface of the tube body 80 And the inner inclination meter 100 can be fixedly coupled to the support 120 fixed in this way.

12, the underground strain measuring apparatus of the present invention has at least a pair of jigs 90 for fixing both ends of the third optical fiber 71, and a plurality of inner inclination gauges 100 are installed together inside the tubular body 80.

Fig. 13 (a) is a schematic view showing the underground buried structure and bending deformation of the underground deformation measuring apparatus according to the present invention. Fig. 13 (b) is a view showing the underground buried structure and tilting deformation of the underground deformation measuring apparatus according to the present invention Fig.

First, as shown in Fig. 13 (a), when the tube 80 undergoes bending deformation due to the action of the underground 1, the third optical fiber 71 installed inside the tube 80 The strain can be measured.

Next, as shown in Fig. 13 (b), when the tilting of the tube 80 occurs due to the behavior of the underground 1, the inclination of the tile is determined by the inner tilter 100 installed inside the tube 80 So that it can be measured.

13 shows that one underground deformation measuring apparatus is buried in the underground 1, the underground deformation measuring apparatus is buried in each section by dividing the underground 1 into sections, Of course.

The in-depth deformation measuring apparatus of the present invention reacts only with respect to deformation (i.e., uniaxial tilting) in the first direction or the second direction. In installing the inner tilt meter 100 inside the tube 80, The inner inclination system of the first and second bending members 30a and 30b is arranged such that the first and second bending members 30a and 30b are bent in the first and second directions and the other at least one inner inclination system is disposed between the first and second bending members 30a and 30b, Are inclined so as to be bent in the third and fourth directions, the biaxial inclination can be measured. Here, the "third and fourth directions" refer to directions perpendicular to the first and second directions.

As a concrete example, assuming that five 1m tubes 80a, 80b, 80c, 80d and 80e are continuously connected, the first and fifth tubes (i.e., the uppermost tube 80a and the lowermost tube 80e) The inner inclinometer 100 is provided and only the outer inclinometer is provided on the second, third and fourth tubes 80b, 80c and 80d. The inclination of the whole tube is measured by the inner inclinometer 100, The inclination can be measured at the same time as the overall inclination and the inclination due to bending simultaneously while lowering the system cost as compared with the conventional method of connecting the plurality of inclinometers by measuring the inclination with the outside inclinometer.

Also, as described above, the inner inclinometer 100 may be disposed in an intersecting relationship with not only one axis but also two axes, so that it can be used as a biaxial tilt measurement sensor as well as a uniaxial tilt sensor. Since the outer inclinometer can be installed inside the tube or inside the tube, it is possible to measure not only the local deformation but also the deformation of the whole tube.

As a result, the underground deformation can be measured only when deformation of the body 80 itself occurs as shown in FIG. 13 (a) when the underground behavior occurs, and the deformation of the body 80 can be measured without deformation of the body 80 itself, Unlike the conventional measuring apparatus in which the deformation of the ground can not be measured when the whole is inclined, the earth deformation measuring apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the deformation of the tube 80 itself, as well as the deformation of the tube 80 itself Tilt can also be measured.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described and illustrated above using specific terms, such terms are used only for the purpose of clarifying the invention, and it is to be understood that the embodiment It will be obvious that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Such modified embodiments should not be understood individually from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but should be regarded as being within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

10: upper member 20: lower member
30a: first bending member 30b: second bending member
32a, 32b: Position selection hole 40a:
40a ': first' fixture 40b: second fixture
40b ': second' fixture 42a: first hole
42a ': first' long hole 42b: second hole
42b ': second' long hole 44a, 44a ', 44b, 44b': tightening bolt
46a: first anti-skid groove 46a ': first anti-skid groove 46a'
46b: second slide prevention groove 46b ': second slide prevention groove
50a: first fixing table 50b: second fixing table
60a: first pressing piece 60b: second pressing piece
62: connecting member 64a, 64b: tightening bolt
70a: first optical fiber 70b: second optical fiber
71: third optical fiber 73a, 73b, 75: optical fiber sensor
81,92: Fixing agent 80: Tubular body
82: guide rail 90: jig
91: body 93: engaging projection

Claims

An upper member and a lower member;
A first bending member connected at one end to the upper member and at the other end to the lower member and bendable in a first direction or a second direction when an external force is applied;
A second bending member which is connected to the upper member at one end thereof and is connected to the lower member at a second end thereof and is spaced apart from and parallel to the first bending member and is bent in the same direction as the first bending member when the external force is applied, ;
Wherein the first bending member and the second bending member are spaced apart from each other in front of the first bending member and the second bending member, the first section is connected to the upper member and the second section is connected to the lower member, A first optical fiber induced to be compressed in the second direction bending;
The first bending member is spaced apart from the first bending member and the second bending member such that the first portion is connected to the upper member and the second portion is connected to the lower member, A second optical fiber in which compression is induced and a tensile force is induced in the second direction bending; And
An optical fiber sensor formed at least one in each of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber;
And an inner inclination meter made up of an inner inclination sensor.

The method according to claim 1,
A first position adjusting means for adjusting a position where the first section of the first optical fiber is fixed on the upper member; And second position adjusting means for adjusting a position at which the other end of the first bending member is fixed to the lower member,
The first position adjusting means comprises:
A first fixture fixing the first section and determining a position where the first section is fixed on the upper member;
A pair of first holes formed parallel to each other along the longitudinal direction of the first fixture;
A fastening bolt that passes through the first hole and is fastened to the upper member to thereby determine a position where the first fastener is fixed on one surface of the upper member within the first long hole; And
And a first anti-skid groove formed in a groove structure in the first fixture between the pair of first holes,
Wherein the first section of the first optical fiber comprises:
Wherein the first deformation preventing member is fixed between the pair of first holes by a fixing agent applied at least including the first anti-skid groove.

3. The method of claim 2,
The 2a position adjustment means includes:
A first fixture protruding from a vertical upper portion of the lower member;
A first pressing piece disposed in front of the first fixing table;
A position selection hole formed at one end of the first bending member along a longitudinal direction thereof; And
And a tightening bolt passing through the first pressing piece and fastened to the first fixing base,
Wherein one end of the first bending member is provided with:
Wherein the fastening bolt is interposed between the first fixing table and the first pressing piece and the fastening bolt is fastened to the first fixing table through the first pressing piece and the position selection hole, And the position selection hole is adjusted within the range of the position selection hole.

The method of claim 3,
And second b position adjusting means for adjusting a position at which the other end of the second bending member is fixed to the lower member,
The second b position adjusting means comprises:
A second fixing base protruding from a vertical upper portion of the lower member;
A second pressing piece disposed in front of the second fixing table;
A position selection hole formed at one end of the second bending member along the longitudinal direction thereof; And
And a tightening bolt passing through the second pressing piece and fastened to the second fixing table,
Wherein the first pressing piece and the second pressing piece are integrally connected to each other through a connecting member interposed therebetween so that when an action of the lower member occurs, an external force corresponding to the behavior is applied to the first pressing piece and the second pressing piece Wherein the first bending member and the second bending member are connected to each other via the first bending member and the second bending member.

3. The method of claim 2,
Further comprising first b position adjusting means for adjusting a position where a first 'section of the second optical fiber is fixed on the upper member,
The first b position adjusting means comprises:
A second fixture for determining a position where the first 'section is fixed and the first' section is fixed on the upper member;
A pair of second holes formed parallel to each other along the longitudinal direction of the second fixture;
A fastening bolt that passes through the second hole and is fastened to the upper member so that a position at which the second fastener is fixed on the other surface of the upper member is determined within the second long hole; And
And a second anti-skid groove formed in a groove structure in the second fixture between the pair of second holes,
The first section of the second optical fiber may include:
Is fixed between the pair of second holes by a fixing agent applied at least including the second anti-skid groove.

The method according to claim 1,
A hollow tubular body in which the inner inclinometer is housed;
A guide rail formed on the inner surface of the tubular body along the longitudinal direction thereof in the form of a slot groove;
A pair of jigs including a body and an engaging projection formed to protrude from the body, the engaging projection being slidably engaged on the guide rail and being spaced apart from each other;
A tightening bolt for adjusting a distance between a position where the pair of jigs is fixed on the guide rail and a distance between the pair of jigs in the guide rail,
A third optical fiber fixed on one body of the jig, and the other optical fiber fixed on the body of the other jig; And
At least one optical fiber sensor formed on the third optical fiber;
Further comprising an external tilt sensor configured to detect the ground tilt.

The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the third optical fiber is configured to be able to adjust a distance from a longitudinal center axis of the tubular body through height adjustment of the jig.

The method according to claim 6,
The plurality of tubes are provided,
Wherein the inner inclination meter is installed in at least one of the plurality of tubular bodies,
Wherein the pair of jigs, the third optical fiber, and the optical fiber sensor are installed in at least one of the plurality of tubes.

The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the coupling protrusions are formed in a structure capable of being inserted into the guide rails.

The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the guide rails are provided in a plurality of locations, and the pair of jigs are provided at a plurality of locations.

The method according to claim 6,
Further comprising a moving rail for mounting said inner inclinometer inside said tube,
The moving rail includes: a plurality of supports, one end of which is coupled to the inner inclinometer; And a wheel axially rotatably coupled to each of the plurality of supports,
Wherein the wheel is movably coupled along the guide rail.