KR101047845B1 - A Manufacturing method of Mn-Al magnetic powder - Google Patents

A Manufacturing method of Mn-Al magnetic powder Download PDF

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KR101047845B1
KR101047845B1 KR1020110023127A KR20110023127A KR101047845B1 KR 101047845 B1 KR101047845 B1 KR 101047845B1 KR 1020110023127 A KR1020110023127 A KR 1020110023127A KR 20110023127 A KR20110023127 A KR 20110023127A KR 101047845 B1 KR101047845 B1 KR 101047845B1
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powder
manganese
aluminum
magnetic powder
nanopowder
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KR20110044953A (en
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이정구
최철진
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한국기계연구원
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
    • H01F41/0266—Moulding; Pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/06—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
    • H01F1/08—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
    • H01F41/026—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets protecting methods against environmental influences, e.g. oxygen, by surface treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
    • H01F41/0273—Imparting anisotropy

Abstract

본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법은, 망간(Mn)분말과 알루미늄(Al)분말을 준비하는 분말준비단계와, 상기 망간(Mn)분말과 알루미늄(Al)분말을 혼합하는 분말혼합단계와, 상기 망간(Mn)분말과 알루미늄(Al)분말이 혼합된 원료분말을 가압 성형하여 성형체를 형성하는 가압성형단계와, 상기 성형체를 플라즈마발생수단 내부에 장입하여 플라즈마 아크로 증발시킨 후 망간-알루미늄 나노분말을 형성하는 나노분말형성단계와, 상기 망간-알루미늄 나노분말을 열처리하여 망간-알루미늄 자성분말을 형성하는 자성분말형성단계로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.The method for preparing a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder according to the present invention includes a powder preparation step of preparing a manganese (Mn) powder and an aluminum (Al) powder, and a powder mixture for mixing the manganese (Mn) powder and the aluminum (Al) powder. And a press molding step of forming a molded body by press molding the raw material powder in which the manganese (Mn) powder and the aluminum (Al) powder are mixed, and charging the molded body into a plasma generating means to evaporate the plasma arc and then manganese- Nanopowder forming step of forming an aluminum nanopowder, and a magnetic powder forming step of forming a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder by heat-treating the manganese-aluminum nanopowder.

Description

망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법 {A Manufacturing method of Mn-Al magnetic powder}A manufacturing method of Mn-Al magnetic powder

본 발명은 망간(Mn)-알루미늄(Al) 합금에 플라즈마 아크를 조사하여 증발 및 포집함으로써 높은 보자력을 갖도록 한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for producing manganese-aluminum magnetic powder having high coercive force by irradiating a plasma arc to a manganese (Mn) -aluminum (Al) alloy by evaporation and collection.

일반적으로 페라이트(ferrite)자석은 분말야금법을 이용한 소결품으로서, 산화철을 주성분으로 하며 용도에 따라 바륨(Barium) 또는 스트론튬(Strontium)이 사용된다. In general, ferrite magnet is a sintered product using powder metallurgy, and iron oxide is a main component, and barium or strontium is used depending on the purpose.

그리고, 페라이트 자석은 제조방법에 따라 접착용 특수 Powder를 이용한 건식(Dry Process), 물을 이용한 습식(Wet Process) 으로 분류되며, 자기의 방향에 따라 등방성(Isotropic)과 이방성(Anisotropic)으로 나누어진다. In addition, ferrite magnets are classified into dry process using wet powder and wet process using water according to the manufacturing method, and are classified into isotropic and anisotropic according to their direction. .

이러한 페라이트 자석은 가격이 저렴하여 스피커, 모타, 건강용품, 학습용, 회전속도계(tachometer), TV, 리드스위치(lead switch), 시계무브먼트 등에 다양하게 사용되고 있다.Such ferrite magnets are inexpensive and are used in various ways such as speakers, motors, health products, learning, tachometers, TVs, lead switches, and watch movements.

한편, 희토류 자석은 네오디움(Neodymium)이라는 희토류(Rare Earth) 원소(17개 : 원자번호 #21, #39, #57∼71)와 산화철, 보론(boron: B)을 주성분으로 소결 성형한 것으로, 자기 에너지적이 매우 강력하고, 경박단소(輕薄短小)한 첨단제품에 많이 사용된다. On the other hand, rare earth magnets are sintered and formed with a rare earth element called Neodymium (17: atomic number # 21, # 39, # 57 to 71), iron oxide, and boron (B) as main components. It is widely used in high-tech products which are very strong and light and small.

일본공개특허공보 제(소)59-46008호에서는 소결에 의해 형성되는 희토류 자석이 개시되어 있고, 또한 일본 공개특허공보 제(소)60-9852호에서는 고속 급냉에 의해 희토류 자석을 형성하는 기술이 개시되어 있다.Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 59-46008 discloses a rare earth magnet formed by sintering, and Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 60-9852 discloses a technique for forming a rare earth magnet by high-speed quenching. Is disclosed.

이러한 희토류 자석은 상용적인 자석 중에서 가장 높은 에너지적(25∼50MGOe)을 가진다.This rare earth magnet has the highest energy product (25-50 MGOe) among commercial magnets.

그러나, 희토류 자석은 주성분으로서 비교적 용이하게 산화되는 희토류 원소 및 철을 함유하기 때문에 산화력이 강하여 내식성이 저하되는 문제점이 있다.However, since the rare earth magnet contains rare earth elements and iron which are oxidized relatively easily as main components, there is a problem that the oxidation power is strong and the corrosion resistance is lowered.

이에 따라 희토류 자석은 표면 산화를 방지하기 위하여 표면처리(Coating)를 해야만 하므로 제조 원가가 높은 문제점이 있다.Accordingly, the rare earth magnet has a problem of high manufacturing cost because it must be coated to prevent surface oxidation.

상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위한 본 발명의 목적은, 망간-알루미늄 성형체에 플라즈마 아크를 조사하여 증발 및 포집함으로써 높은 보자력을 갖도록 한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법을 제공하는 것에 있다.An object of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide a method for producing manganese-aluminum magnetic powder having high coercive force by irradiating and evaporating and trapping a plasma arc on a manganese-aluminum molded body.

본 발명의 다른 목적은, 가볍고 부식저항성이 향상된 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법을 제공하는 것에 있다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing manganese-aluminum magnetic powder, which is light and has improved corrosion resistance.

상기한 바와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법은, 망간(Mn)분말과 알루미늄(Al)분말을 준비하는 분말준비단계와, 상기 망간(Mn)분말과 알루미늄(Al)분말을 혼합하는 분말혼합단계와, 상기 망간(Mn)분말과 알루미늄(Al)분말이 혼합된 원료분말을 가압 성형하여 성형체를 형성하는 가압성형단계와, 상기 성형체를 플라즈마발생수단 내부에 장입하여 플라즈마 아크로 증발시킨 후 망간-알루미늄 나노분말을 형성하는 나노분말형성단계와, 상기 망간-알루미늄 나노분말을 열처리하여 망간-알루미늄 자성분말을 형성하는 자성분말형성단계로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.Method for producing a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder according to the present invention for achieving the above object, the powder preparation step of preparing a manganese (Mn) powder and aluminum (Al) powder, the manganese (Mn) powder and aluminum A powder mixing step of mixing the (Al) powder, a press molding step of forming a molded body by press molding the raw material powder in which the manganese (Mn) powder and the aluminum (Al) powder are mixed, and the molded body inside the plasma generating means. The nanopowder forming step of charging and evaporating a plasma arc to form manganese-aluminum nanopowder, and the magnetic powder forming step of forming a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder by heat-treating the manganese-aluminum nanopowder.

상기 분말혼합단계는, 20 내지 60 중량%의 망간(Mn)분말과 40 내지 80 중량%의 알루미늄(Al)분말을 포함하는 원료분말을 제조하는 과정임을 특징으로 한다.The powder mixing step is characterized in that the process for producing a raw powder comprising 20 to 60% by weight of manganese (Mn) powder and 40 to 80% by weight of aluminum (Al) powder.

상기 분말혼합단계는, 상기 망간(Mn)분말과 알루미늄(Al)분말을 건식혼합하는 과정임을 특징으로 한다.The powder mixing step is characterized in that the dry mixing of the manganese (Mn) powder and aluminum (Al) powder.

상기 가압성형단계는, 상기 원료분말을 1축 가압성형하는 과정임을 특징으로 한다.The pressing molding step is characterized in that the raw material powder is a process of uniaxial pressure molding.

상기 나노분말형성단계는, 상기 아르곤(Ar)-수소(H2) 혼합가스 분위기에서 실시됨을 특징으로 한다.The nano powder forming step is characterized in that carried out in the argon (Ar) -hydrogen (H 2 ) mixed gas atmosphere.

상기 자성분말형성단계는, 상기 망간-알루미늄 원료분말을 400 내지 500℃에서 30분간 열처리하는 과정임을 특징으로 한다.The magnetic powder forming step is characterized in that the manganese-aluminum raw powder is heat-treated at 400 to 500 ℃ for 30 minutes.

상기 자성분말형성단계는, 상기 망간-알루미늄 원료분말에 τ상이 포함되도록 하는 과정임을 특징으로 한다.The magnetic powder forming step is characterized in that the manganese-aluminum raw powder is a process to include the τ phase.

상기 나노분말형성단계에서, 상기 망간-알루미늄 나노분말에는 탄소(C)가 선택적으로 포함되는 것을 특징으로 한다.In the nanopowder forming step, the manganese-aluminum nanopowder is characterized in that the carbon (C) is optionally included.

상기 망간-알루미늄 자성분말은, 4kOe 이상의 보자력을 갖는 것을 특징으로 한다.The manganese-aluminum magnetic powder has a coercive force of 4 kOe or more.

이상에서 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법에서는, 망간-알루미늄 성형체에 플라즈마 아크를 조사하여 증발 및 포집함으로써 망간-알루미늄 나노분말을 형성하고, 망간-알루미늄 나노분말을 열처리하여 τ상이 생성되도록 하였다.As described above, in the method for producing manganese-aluminum magnetic powder according to the present invention, a manganese-aluminum molded body is irradiated with plasma arc to be evaporated and collected to form a manganese-aluminum nanopowder, and the manganese-aluminum nanopowder is heat treated. Τ phase was generated.

따라서, 가볍고 부식저항성이 향상된 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조가 가능한 이점이 있다.Therefore, there is an advantage that the production of light manganese-aluminum magnetic powder with improved corrosion resistance.

또한, 제조 공정이 간소하여 생산성이 향상되며 제조 원가를 낮출 수 있는 이점이 있다.In addition, there is an advantage that the manufacturing process is simple and the productivity can be improved and the manufacturing cost can be lowered.

뿐만 아니라, 망간과 알루미늄의 혼합비를 제어하여 성형체의 성분을 변화시킴으로써 자성분말에 대한 소비자의 요구에 따라 이를 선택적으로 고려하여 제조가 가능하므로 제품 경쟁력이 향상되는 이점이 있다.In addition, by controlling the mixing ratio of manganese and aluminum to change the composition of the molded body according to the consumer's demand for the magnetic powder can be manufactured in consideration of this, there is an advantage that the product competitiveness is improved.

도 1 은 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법을 나타낸 공정 순서도.
도 2 는 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법에서 원료분말, 성형체 및 망간-알루미늄 나노분말을 나타낸 실물 사진.
도 3 은 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법에서 일 단계인 나노분말형성단계에 사용되는 플라즈마발생장치의 구성을 보인 사시도.
도 4 는 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법에서 일단계인 나노분말형성단계 중 수소가스 함량 변화에 따른 원료분말의 증발속도 변화를 나타낸 그래프.
도 5 는 도 4의 (a)부 및 (b)부에서 망간-알루미늄 나노분말의 실물 확대사진.
도 6 은 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법에서 원료분말에 포함된 망간의 함량이 변화시에 원료분말의 조성과 망간-알루미늄 나노분말의 조성을 비교한 그래프.
도 7 은 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말 제조방법에서 일단계인 나노분말형성단계에서 형성된 망간-알루미늄 나노분말의 XRD 패턴 그래프.
도 8 은 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말 제조방법에 따라 제조된 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 XRD 패턴 그래프.
도 9 는 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말 제조방법에 따라 제조된 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 보자력 및 포화자화값을 나타낸 그래프.1 is a process flow chart showing a method for producing manganese-aluminum magnetic powder according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a real photograph showing a raw material powder, a molded article and a manganese-aluminum nanopowder in the method for producing a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the plasma generating apparatus used in the nano-powder forming step as a step in the method for producing a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a graph showing the evaporation rate change of the raw material powder according to the hydrogen gas content change during the nanopowder forming step of the manganese-aluminum magnetic powder manufacturing method according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a real magnified photograph of manganese-aluminum nanopowder in parts (a) and (b) of FIG. 4. FIG.
Figure 6 is a graph comparing the composition of the raw material powder and the composition of the manganese-aluminum nanopowder when the content of manganese contained in the raw material powder in the manufacturing method of the manganese-aluminum magnetic powder according to the present invention.
7 is an XRD pattern graph of manganese-aluminum nanopowders formed in the nanopowder forming step as one step in the manganese-aluminum magnetic powder preparation method according to the present invention.
8 is an XRD pattern graph of manganese-aluminum magnetic powder prepared according to the method for preparing manganese-aluminum magnetic powder according to the present invention.
Figure 9 is a graph showing the coercive force and saturation magnetization value of the manganese-aluminum magnetic powder prepared according to the manganese-aluminum magnetic powder production method according to the present invention.

이하에서는 첨부된 도 1 및 도 2를 참조하여 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법을 설명한다.Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing manganese-aluminum magnetic powder according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

도 1에는 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법을 나타낸 공정 순서도가 도시되어 있고, 도 2에는 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법에서 원료분말, 성형체 및 망간-알루미늄 나노분말을 나타낸 실물 사진이 나타나 있다.Figure 1 is a process flow chart showing a method for producing a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a raw material powder, a molded article and a manganese-aluminum nano-powder in the method for producing a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder according to the present invention A real photograph is shown.

도면과 같이, 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말을 제조하기 위해서는, 망간(Mn)분말과 알루미늄(Al)분말을 준비하는 분말준비단계(S100)와, 상기 망간(Mn)분말과 알루미늄(Al)분말을 혼합하는 분말혼합단계(S200)와, 상기 망간(Mn)분말과 알루미늄(Al)분말이 혼합된 원료분말(1)을 가압 성형하여 성형체(2)를 형성하는 가압성형단계(S300)와, 상기 성형체(2)를 플라즈마발생수단(100) 내부에 장입하여 플라즈마 아크로 증발시킨 후 망간-알루미늄 나노분말(3)을 형성하는 나노분말형성단계(S400)와, 상기 망간-알루미늄 나노분말(3)을 열처리하여 망간-알루미늄 자성분말을 형성하는 자성분말형성단계(S500)를 순차적으로 실시하게 된다.As shown in the figure, in order to prepare a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder according to the present invention, a powder preparation step (S100) for preparing a manganese (Mn) powder and aluminum (Al) powder, the manganese (Mn) powder and aluminum (Al) Pressurized molding step (S300) of forming a molded body (2) by pressing the powder mixing step (S200) of mixing the powder, and the raw powder (1) mixed with the manganese (Mn) powder and aluminum (Al) powder. And a nano powder forming step (S400) of charging the molded body 2 into the plasma generating means 100 and evaporating the plasma arc to form a manganese-aluminum nanopowder 3 and the manganese-aluminum nanopowder ( The magnetic powder forming step (S500) of forming a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder by heat-treating 3) is performed sequentially.

상기 다수 단계를 보다 상세하게 설명하면, 상기 분말준비단계(S100)는 마이크론 크기의 망간분말과 알루미늄분말을 준비하는 과정이며, 상기 분말혼합단계(S200)는 망간분말과 알루미늄분말을 일정 중량비로 건식 혼합하여 원료분말(1)을 만드는 과정이다.When explaining the plurality of steps in more detail, the powder preparation step (S100) is a process for preparing a micron-sized manganese powder and aluminum powder, the powder mixing step (S200) dry manganese powder and aluminum powder in a predetermined weight ratio. It is the process of making a raw material powder 1 by mixing.

이때, 상기 분말혼합단계(S200)에서 망간은 원료분말(1)의 전체 중량에 대하여 20 내지 60 중량%로 포함되며, 상기 알루미늄은 40 내지 80중량% 포함된다.At this time, the manganese in the powder mixing step (S200) is included in 20 to 60% by weight relative to the total weight of the raw material powder (1), the aluminum is included in 40 to 80% by weight.

상기 원료분말(1)은 가압성형단계(S300)를 거치게 된다. 상기 가압성형단계(S300)는 원료분말(1)을 금형 내부에 장입한 후 1축 가압성형하는 과정으로, 도 2와 같이 대략 높이가 낮은 원기둥 형상을 갖도록 소결한다. The raw material powder 1 is subjected to a pressing molding step (S300). The press molding step (S300) is a process of uniaxial press molding after inserting the raw material powder 1 into the mold, and sintering to have a cylindrical shape having a substantially low height as shown in FIG.

그리고, 상기 원료분말(1)은 반드시 이러한 형상을 갖지 않아도 되며, 상기 망간분말과 알루미늄분말의 중량비율 범위 내에서 다양한 형상을 갖도록 구성될 수도 있다.In addition, the raw material powder 1 may not necessarily have such a shape, and may be configured to have various shapes within the weight ratio range of the manganese powder and the aluminum powder.

상기 가압성형단계(S300)에서 성형된 성형체(2)는 나노분말형성단계(S400)를 통해 망간-알루미늄 나노분말(3) 상태가 된다.The molded body 2 formed in the pressing molding step S300 is in a manganese-aluminum nanopowder 3 state through the nanopowder forming step S400.

상기 나노분말형성단계(S400)는 플라즈마발생수단(100) 내부에 성형체(2)를 장입한 후 플라즈마 아크 방전(Plasma Arc Discharge)을 이용하여 증발시킴으로써 망간-알루미늄 나노분말을 제조하게 된다.In the nano-powder forming step (S400), the manganese-aluminum nanopowder is manufactured by charging the molded body 2 into the plasma generating means 100 and then evaporating it using plasma arc discharge.

이하 상기 플라즈마발생수단(100)의 구성을 첨부된 도 3을 참조하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, the configuration of the plasma generating means 100 will be described with reference to FIG. 3.

도 3에는 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법에서 일 단계인 나노분말형성단계에 사용되는 플라즈마발생장치의 구성을 보인 사시도가 도시되어 있다.Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the plasma generating apparatus used in the nano-powder forming step, which is one step in the method for producing a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder according to the present invention.

도면과 같이, 상기 플라즈마발생수단(100)은 진공챔버(102) 내부를 진공으로 유지하여 대기 중의 불순물 유입을 방지하고, 상기 진공챔버(102) 내부에 성형체(2)를 장입하며, 아르곤(Ar)과 수소(H2) 혼합가스를 진공챔버(102) 내부에 주입한 후 아크를 발생하여 성형체(2)를 용융시켰다.As shown in the drawing, the plasma generating means 100 maintains the inside of the vacuum chamber 102 in a vacuum to prevent the introduction of impurities in the atmosphere, and inserts the molded body 2 into the vacuum chamber 102, and argon (Ar) ) And hydrogen (H 2 ) mixed gas were injected into the vacuum chamber 102 to generate an arc to melt the molded body 2.

이때 상기 성형체(2)가 용융되면서 발생된 증기를 응축하여 만들어진 나노크기의 망간-알루미늄 나노분말(3)은 혼합가스로부터 분리되어야 하는데, 이를 위해 상기 플라즈마발생수단(100)의 좌측에는 진공챔버(102) 내부에서 만들어진 미세분말을 이송가스와 분리하여 필터링하는 필터수단(200)이 구비된다. At this time, the nano-sized manganese-aluminum nanopowder 3 made by condensing the vapor generated while the molded body 2 is melted should be separated from the mixed gas. For this purpose, a vacuum chamber (left) of the plasma generating means 100 is provided. 102 is provided with a filter means 200 for separating and filtering the fine powder made therein from the transport gas.

상기 필터수단(200)은 이송가스와 같이 유동하는 망간-알루미늄 나노분말(3)을 모으기 위한 구성으로 필터(미도시)가 내장된다.The filter means 200 is a filter (not shown) is built in the configuration for collecting the manganese-aluminum nano-powder (3) flowing with the transfer gas.

그리고, 상기 플라즈마발생수단(100)의 우측에는 성형체(2)의 장입을 위한 도어(110)가 구비된다.Then, the right side of the plasma generating means 100 is provided with a door 110 for charging the molded body (2).

상기 도어(110)는 플라즈마발생수단(100)의 우측면 선단을 기준으로 회전 가능하게 결합되며, 별도의 잠금 장치가 구비됨이 바람직하다.The door 110 is rotatably coupled to the front end of the right side of the plasma generating means 100, it is preferable that a separate locking device is provided.

상기 도어(110)의 중앙부에는 이송가스공급유로(120)가 구비된다. 상기 이송가스공급유로(120)는 플라즈마발생수단(100) 내부에서 만들어진 미세분말이 좌측 방향으로 이송될 수 있도록 이송가스가 주입되는 구성으로, 에어펌프(122)와 연통되게 연결된다.The transfer gas supply passage 120 is provided at the center of the door 110. The transfer gas supply passage 120 is a configuration in which the transfer gas is injected so that the fine powder made in the plasma generating means 100 may be transferred in the left direction, and is connected in communication with the air pump 122.

상기 플라즈마발생수단(100)의 외주면 상부에는 냉각유로(130)가 구비된다. 상기 냉각유로(130)는 플라즈마발생수단(100) 내부로 냉각수를 순환하기 위한 구성이다.The cooling passage 130 is provided above the outer circumferential surface of the plasma generating means 100. The cooling passage 130 is a configuration for circulating the cooling water into the plasma generating means (100).

즉, 상기 플라즈마발생수단(100)은 플라즈마 아크가 발생될 때 5,000 내지 10,000K의 고온 환경을 형성하여 출발원료를 기화시키게 되는데, 이러한 고온의 온도를 냉각시키기 위해 상기 냉각유로(130)가 구성된다.That is, the plasma generating means 100 is to form a high temperature environment of 5,000 to 10,000K when the plasma arc is generated to vaporize the starting material, the cooling flow path 130 is configured to cool such high temperature .

그리고, 상기 냉각유로(130)는 냉각탱크(미도시)와 플라즈마발생수단(100) 및 물펌프(미도시)를 순환하여 플라즈마발생수단(100) 내부를 냉각시키게 된다.In addition, the cooling passage 130 circulates through the cooling tank (not shown), the plasma generating means 100, and the water pump (not shown) to cool the inside of the plasma generating means 100.

상기 에어펌프(122) 하측에는 진공펌프(132)가 구비된다. 상기 진공펌프(132)는 플라즈마발생수단(100) 내부 공간을 진공 분위기로 만들기 위한 구성이다. The vacuum pump 132 is provided below the air pump 122. The vacuum pump 132 is a configuration for making the interior space of the plasma generating means 100 into a vacuum atmosphere.

상기 플라즈마발생수단(100)의 외주면 상/하단에는 전극(140)이 설치된다. 상기 전극(140)은 아크 플라즈마를 발생하기 위한 것으로, 상기 플라즈마발생수단(100)의 내부로 단부가 삽입된 상태를 유지하도록 구성된다.Electrodes 140 are provided on the upper and lower ends of the outer circumferential surface of the plasma generating means 100. The electrode 140 is configured to generate an arc plasma, and is configured to maintain a state where an end is inserted into the plasma generating means 100.

상기 플라즈마발생수단(100)의 외주면 좌측에는 가스공급관(150)이 연통되게 연결된다. 상기 가스공급관(150)은 다수의 관이 독립적으로 구비되며, 이러한 독립적인 관에는 플라즈마 발생가스, 절연용 가스 등이 유동하여 상기 플라즈마발생수단(100) 내부로 공급될 수 있게 된다.The gas supply pipe 150 is connected to the left side of the outer circumferential surface of the plasma generating means 100. The gas supply pipe 150 is provided with a plurality of pipes independently, such that the plasma generating gas, insulating gas, etc. flows to the independent pipe can be supplied into the plasma generating means (100).

한편, 상기와 같이 구성되는 플라즈마발생수단(100)을 통해 형성된 망간-알루미늄 나노분말(3)은 자성분말형성단계(S500)를 거쳐 망간-알루미늄 자성분말이 되며, 본 발명의 실시예에서는 망간-알루미늄 나노분말(3)에 소량의 탄소(C)가 함유될 수 있도록 하였다.On the other hand, the manganese-aluminum nanopowder 3 formed through the plasma generating means 100 configured as described above is a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder through the magnetic powder forming step (S500), in the embodiment of the present invention, manganese- Aluminum nano powder (3) was to be contained a small amount of carbon (C).

이하 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말 제조방법을 실시예를 들어 설명한다.Hereinafter, a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder production method according to the present invention will be described with reference to Examples.

[실시예][Example]

상기 원료분말(1)은 전체 중량 대비 망간의 함량을 20 내지 60 중량%로, 잔부는 알루미늄으로 구성하였다.The raw material powder (1) is 20 to 60% by weight of the content of manganese relative to the total weight, the balance was composed of aluminum.

그리고, 상기 진공챔버(102) 내부에는 아르곤과 수소 혼합가스를 주입하였으며, 혼합가스 주입시에 진공챔버(1402) 내부의 압력은 4.0×104㎩을 유지하였다.In addition, argon and hydrogen mixed gas were injected into the vacuum chamber 102, and the pressure inside the vacuum chamber 1402 was maintained at 4.0 × 10 4 kPa when the mixed gas was injected.

그리고, 상기 전극(140)에는 220 내지 300A의 전류 및 16 내지 24V의 전압을 인가하였다.In addition, a current of 220 to 300 A and a voltage of 16 to 24 V were applied to the electrode 140.

상기 전극(140)은 텅스텐봉이 적용되었으며, 아르곤과 산소가 혼합된 이송가스를 사용하였다.Tungsten rod was applied to the electrode 140, and a transport gas mixed with argon and oxygen was used.

그리고, 상기 망간-알루미늄 나노분말에 포함될 탄소는 탄소분말 또는 흑연도가니를 이용하여 첨가되도록 하였다.In addition, the carbon to be included in the manganese-aluminum nanopowder was added using a carbon powder or a graphite crucible.

상기 망간-알루미늄 나노분말에 포함되는 탄소는 상기 나노분말형성단계(S400) 진행시에 망간-알루미늄 나노분말에 보다 많은 ε상을 얻을 수 있도록 하기 위함이다.Carbon contained in the manganese-aluminum nanopowder is to obtain more ε phase in the manganese-aluminum nanopowder during the nanopowder forming step (S400).

먼저, 상기 나노분말형성단계(S400)에서 수소가스 함량 변화에 따른 원료분말의 증발속도 변화를 첨부된 도 4를 참조하여 살펴보면, 망간이 알루미늄에 비해 증기압이 높기 때문에 망간의 함량이 많을수록 증발속도가 빨라지는 것을 알 수 있다.First, referring to the accompanying evaporation rate change of the raw material powder according to the hydrogen gas content change in the nano-powder forming step (S400) with reference to FIG. 4, since the manganese has a higher vapor pressure than aluminum, the evaporation rate increases You can see it gets faster.

또한, 수소함량이 많아질수록 망간-알루미늄 나노분말의 증발속도는 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있다.In addition, it can be seen that the evaporation rate of the manganese-aluminum nanopowder increases as the hydrogen content increases.

그리고, 도 5와 같이 망간-알루미늄 나노분말은 도 4에서 볼 때 수소가 포함되지 않은 (b)부일 때보다, 수소함량이 40부피% 인 (a)부일 때의 입경크기가 더 큰 것을 알 수 있다.In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the manganese-aluminum nanopowder has a larger particle size when the hydrogen content is 40 parts by volume (a) than in the case where the hydrogen is not included in (b). have.

즉, 상기 망간-알루미늄 나노분말은 (a)부일 때 200㎚ 미만의 입경 크기를 가지지만, (b)부 일 때에는 50㎚ 미만의 입경크기를 갖는 것을 알 수 있다.That is, it can be seen that the manganese-aluminum nanopowder has a particle size of less than 200 nm in the case of (a) part, but a particle size of less than 50 nm in the case of (b) part.

그리고, 상기 나노분말형성단계(S400)에서 원료분말에 포함된 망간의 함량이 변화시에 원료분말의 조성과 망간-알루미늄 나노분말의 조성 변화를 도 6을 참조하여 살펴보면, 원료분말에 포함된 망간의 함량이 높아지면 높아질수록 망간-알루미늄 나노분말에서의 망간 함량이 원료분말에서의 망간함량보다 증가하는 것을 알 수 있다. In addition, the composition of the raw powder and the composition change of the manganese-aluminum nanopowder when the content of manganese contained in the raw powder is changed in the nanopowder forming step (S400) will be described with reference to FIG. 6. It can be seen that the higher the content of manganese in the manganese-aluminum nanopowder increases than the manganese content in the raw powder.

도 7은 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말 제조방법에서 일단계인 나노분말형성단계에서 형성된 망간-알루미늄 나노분말의 XRD 패턴 그래프로서, 상기 망간-알루미늄 나노분말은 대부분 ε상을 띄고 있으며, β1,γ2상이 일부 존재하는 것을 알 수 있다.7 is an XRD pattern graph of manganese-aluminum nanopowders formed in the nanopowder forming step of the manganese-aluminum magnetic powder preparation method according to the present invention. It can be seen that some 1 , γ 2 phases exist.

그리고, 상기와 같은 특성을 가지는 망간-알루미늄 나노분말(3)은 자성분말형성단계(S500)를 거쳐 도 8과 같은 상분포를 갖게 된다.In addition, the manganese-aluminum nanopowder 3 having the above characteristics has a phase distribution as shown in FIG. 8 through the magnetic powder forming step S500.

즉, 도 8에는 본 발명에 의한 망간-알루미늄 자성분말 제조방법에 따라 제조된 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 XRD 패턴 그래프로서, 상기 자성분말형성단계(S500)는 망간-알루미늄 나노분말을 400℃에서 30분간 열처리한 결과인데, 열처리에 의해 τ상이 새롭게 생성된 것을 확인할 수 있다.That is, Figure 8 is a graph of the XRD pattern of the manganese-aluminum magnetic powder prepared according to the manganese-aluminum magnetic powder production method according to the present invention, the magnetic powder forming step (S500) is the manganese-aluminum nanopowder 30 at 400 ℃ It is a result of heat-processing for a minute, and it turns out that τ phase was newly produced by heat processing.

그리고, 도 9와 같이 상기 자성분말형성단계(S500)를 거쳐 형성된 망간-알루미늄 자성분말은 4365 Oe의 보자력과, 15.4 emu/g 이상의 포화자화값을 나타내었다.As shown in FIG. 9, the manganese-aluminum magnetic powder formed through the magnetic powder forming step (S500) showed a coercive force of 4365 Oe and a saturation magnetization value of 15.4 emu / g or more.

이러한 본 발명의 범위는 상기에서 예시한 실시예에 한정하지 않고, 상기와 같은 기술범위 안에서 당업계의 통상의 기술자에게 있어서는 본 발명을 기초로 하는 다른 많은 변형이 가능할 것이다.The scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and many other modifications based on the present invention will be possible to those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention.

1. 원료분말 2. 성형체
3. 망간-알루미늄 나노분말 100. 플라즈마발생수단
110. 도어 120. 이송가스공급유로
122. 에어펌프 130. 냉각유로
132. 진공펌프 140. 전극
150. 가스공급관 200. 필터수단
S100. 분말준비단계 S200. 분말혼합단계
S300. 가압성형단계 S400. 나노분말형성단계
S500. 자성분말형성단계1. Raw material powder 2. Molded body
3. Manganese-Aluminum nanopowder 100. Plasma generating means
110. Door 120. Delivery gas supply passage
122. Air pump 130. Cooling flow path
132. Vacuum pump 140. Electrode
150. Gas supply pipe 200. Filter means
S100. Powder preparation step S200. Powder Mixing Step
S300. Press molding step S400. Nano Powder Formation Step
S500. Magnetic powder forming step

Claims (9)

망간(Mn)분말과 알루미늄(Al)분말을 준비하는 분말준비단계와,
상기 망간(Mn)분말과 알루미늄(Al)분말을 혼합하는 분말혼합단계와,
상기 망간(Mn)분말과 알루미늄(Al)분말이 혼합된 원료분말을 가압 성형하여 성형체를 형성하는 가압성형단계와,
상기 성형체를 플라즈마발생수단 내부에 장입하여 플라즈마 아크로 증발시킨 후 망간-알루미늄 나노분말을 형성하는 나노분말형성단계와,
상기 망간-알루미늄 나노분말을 열처리하여 망간-알루미늄 자성분말을 형성하는 자성분말형성단계로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법.A powder preparation step of preparing manganese (Mn) powder and aluminum (Al) powder,
A powder mixing step of mixing the manganese (Mn) powder and the aluminum (Al) powder;
A press molding step of forming a molded body by press molding the raw material powder in which the manganese (Mn) powder and the aluminum (Al) powder are mixed;
A nano powder forming step of forming a manganese-aluminum nanopowder after charging the molded body into a plasma generating means and evaporating with a plasma arc;
A method of producing a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder, characterized in that the magnetic powder forming step of forming a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder by heat-treating the manganese-aluminum nanopowder. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 분말혼합단계는,
20 내지 60 중량%의 망간(Mn)분말과 40 내지 80 중량%의 알루미늄(Al)분말을 포함하는 원료분말을 제조하는 과정임을 특징으로 하는 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the powder mixing step,
A process for producing a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder, characterized in that the process for producing a raw powder comprising 20 to 60% by weight of manganese (Mn) powder and 40 to 80% by weight of aluminum (Al) powder. 제 2 항에 있어서, 상기 분말혼합단계는,
상기 망간(Mn)분말과 알루미늄(Al)분말을 건식혼합하는 과정임을 특징으로 하는 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법.The method of claim 2, wherein the powder mixing step,
Method of producing a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder, characterized in that the process of dry mixing the manganese (Mn) powder and aluminum (Al) powder. 제 1 에 있어서, 상기 가압성형단계는,
상기 원료분말을 1축 가압성형하는 과정임을 특징으로 하는 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the pressing molding step,
Method of producing a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder, characterized in that the process of uniaxial pressure molding the raw material powder. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 나노분말형성단계는,
상기 아르곤(Ar)-수소(H2) 혼합가스 분위기에서 실시됨을 특징으로 하는 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법.According to claim 1, wherein the nano-powder forming step,
Method of producing a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder, characterized in that carried out in the argon (Ar) -hydrogen (H 2 ) mixed gas atmosphere. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 자성분말형성단계는,
상기 망간-알루미늄 원료분말을 400 내지 500℃에서 30분간 열처리하는 과정임을 특징으로 하는 Mn-Al 자성분말의 제조방법.According to claim 1, wherein the magnetic powder forming step,
Mn-Al magnetic powder, characterized in that the process of heat-treating the manganese-aluminum raw powder at 400 to 500 ℃ for 30 minutes. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 자성분말형성단계는,
상기 망간-알루미늄 원료분말에 τ상이 포함되도록 하는 과정임을 특징으로 하는 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법.According to claim 1, wherein the magnetic powder forming step,
Method of producing a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder, characterized in that the process to include the τ phase in the manganese-aluminum raw powder. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 나노분말형성단계에서,
상기 망간-알루미늄 나노분말에는 탄소(C)가 선택적으로 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법.According to claim 1, In the nano-powder forming step,
The manganese-aluminum nanopowder is a method for producing a manganese-aluminum magnetic powder, characterized in that carbon (C) is optionally included. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 망간-알루미늄 자성분말은 4kOe 이상의 보자력을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 망간-알루미늄 자성분말의 제조방법.

The method of claim 1, wherein the manganese-aluminum magnetic powder has a coercive force of 4 kOe or more.

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KR100237164B1 (en) 1996-12-09 2000-01-15 신현준 Method of manufacturing magnetic powder
KR20060021093A (en) * 2004-09-02 2006-03-07 한국기계연구원 A fabrication process of nano-powder using plasma arc discharge
US7022155B2 (en) 2000-02-10 2006-04-04 Tetronics Limited Plasma arc reactor for the production of fine powders

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100237164B1 (en) 1996-12-09 2000-01-15 신현준 Method of manufacturing magnetic powder
US7022155B2 (en) 2000-02-10 2006-04-04 Tetronics Limited Plasma arc reactor for the production of fine powders
KR20060021093A (en) * 2004-09-02 2006-03-07 한국기계연구원 A fabrication process of nano-powder using plasma arc discharge

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