KR100786135B1 - 이중독립팽창기냉각사이클들을 이용하는 액화천연가스의생산방법 - Google Patents
이중독립팽창기냉각사이클들을 이용하는 액화천연가스의생산방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100786135B1 KR100786135B1 KR1020037011582A KR20037011582A KR100786135B1 KR 100786135 B1 KR100786135 B1 KR 100786135B1 KR 1020037011582 A KR1020037011582 A KR 1020037011582A KR 20037011582 A KR20037011582 A KR 20037011582A KR 100786135 B1 KR100786135 B1 KR 100786135B1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 title description 13
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 18
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 natural gas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004172 nitrogen cycle Methods 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
- F25J1/007—Primary atmospheric gases, mixtures thereof
- F25J1/0072—Nitrogen
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- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/12—Liquefied petroleum gas
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
- F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0042—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by liquid expansion with extraction of work
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
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- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
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- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0208—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop, e.g. with deep flash recycle loop
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- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
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Abstract
Description
Claims (22)
- 제 1 및 제 2 팽창된 냉각제들과 열교환접촉하여 유입가스공급유동의 적어도 일부분을 냉각하는 단계로 구성되고, 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 생산하기 위한 방법에 있어서,하나 이상의 제 1 및 제 2 팽창된 냉각제들이 가스상 냉각사이클에서 순환되어 액화천연가스유동이 제조되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 제 1 팽창된 냉각제가 메탄, 에탄 및 유입가스로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 제 2 팽창된 냉각제가 질소인 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 1항의 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법에 있어서, 제 1 및 제 2 팽창된 냉각제들이 팽창밸브, 터보-팽창기 및 액체팽창기로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택된 장치내에서 팽창되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 액화천연가스유동이 -240°F 내지 -260°F의 온도로 냉각되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 유입가스유동이 500 psia 내지 1200psia의 유입압력을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 제 1 및 제 2 냉각제들을 위한 냉각곡선이 적어도 5°F 만큼 유입가스공급유동을 위한 냉각곡선에 접근하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 냉각단계는 기계식 냉각사이클에 의해 유입가스공급유동의 적어도 일부분을 냉각하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 8항에 있어서, 프로판 및 프로필렌으로부터 선택된 냉각제가 기계식 냉각사이클에 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 1항 또는 8 항에 있어서, 냉각단계는 냉각수에 의해 유입가스공급유동의 적어도 일부분을 냉각하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법에 있어서, 상기 방법은질소냉각사이클과 독립적으로 작동되는 제 1 냉각 사이클에서 열교환접촉에 의해 유입가스공급유동의 적어도 일부분을 냉각하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 제 1 냉각 사이클은냉각상태의 냉각제증기유동을 형성하기 위해 냉각제유동을 팽창시키고,냉각상태의 냉각제증기유동과 열교환접촉하여 유입가스공급유동의 적어도 일부분을 냉각시키며,압축된 냉각제증기유동을 형성하기 위해 냉각상태의 냉각제증기유동을 압축하고,냉각상태의 냉각제증기유동과 열교환접촉하여 압축된 냉각제증기유동의 적어도 일부분을 냉각하는 단계들로 구성되며, 질소냉각사이클은질소유동을 냉각상태의 질소증기유동으로 팽창시키고,냉각상태의 질소증기유동과 열교환접촉하여 유입공급가스유동의 적어도 일부분을 냉각시키며,압축된 질소증기유동을 형성하기 위해 냉각상태의 질소증기유동을 압축하고,냉각상태의 질소증기유동과 열교환접촉하여 압축된 질소증기유동의 적어도 일부분을 냉각하여 액화천연가스유동이 제조되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 11항의 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법에 있어서, 제 1 냉각 사이클에서 냉각제유동은 메탄, 에탄 및 유입가스로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 12항에 있어서, 제 1 냉각 사이클의 압축 단계는 냉각제유동을 형성하기 위하여 유입가스공급유동의 적어도 일부분을 압축된 냉각제증기유동과 혼합시키는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 13 항에 있어서, 제 1 냉각사이클의 팽창 단계는 -110°F 내지 -130°F 의 온도까지 냉각제유동을 팽창시키는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 11항의 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법에 있어서, 질소냉각사이클의 팽창 단계는 -250°F 내지 -280°F의 온도로 질소유동을 팽창시키는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 11항의 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법에 있어서, 제 1 및 질소냉각사이클에서의 팽창 단계는 팽창밸브, 터보-팽창기 및 액체팽창기로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택된 팽창 장치에 의해 제공되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 11항의 액화가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법에 있어서, 질소냉각사이클의 압축된 질소증기유동은 500 psia 내지 1200 psia의 압력으로 압축되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 11항의 액화가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법에 있어서, 제 1 냉각 사이클의 압축된 냉각제증기유동은 500 psia 내지 1400 psia의 압력으로 압축되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 1항 또는 제 11항의 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법에 있어서, 액화천연가스유동으로부터 질소 및 다른 미량가스를 제거하는 단계를 추가적으로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 1항 또는 제11 항에 있어서, 15 psia내지 50 psia의 압력으로 액화천연가스유동을 팽창시키는 단계를 추가적으로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 유입가스공급유동의 적어도 일부분을 냉각시키는 단계는 가스상 냉각 사이클들 중 하나 이상의 사이클과 열교환접촉함에 의해 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유입가스공급유동으로부터 액화천연가스유동을 제조하기 위한 방법.
- 삭제
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US09/828,551 US6412302B1 (en) | 2001-03-06 | 2001-04-06 | LNG production using dual independent expander refrigeration cycles |
PCT/US2002/006792 WO2002070972A2 (en) | 2001-03-06 | 2002-03-06 | Lng production using dual independent expander refrigeration cycles |
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AU (1) | AU2002245599B2 (ko) |
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KR101145303B1 (ko) | 2010-01-04 | 2012-05-14 | 한국과학기술원 | Lng fpso용 천연가스 액화방법 및 장치 |
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KR102039618B1 (ko) * | 2017-05-12 | 2019-11-01 | 삼성중공업(주) | 천연가스 액화장치 |
AU2018264606B2 (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2021-05-27 | Samsung Heavy Ind.Co., Ltd | Natural gas liquefaction apparatus |
KR20200014082A (ko) | 2018-07-31 | 2020-02-10 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | 증발가스 재액화 시스템 및 증발가스 재액화 방법 |
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EP1373814A2 (en) | 2004-01-02 |
KR20030082954A (ko) | 2003-10-23 |
EP2447652A2 (en) | 2012-05-02 |
NO335908B1 (no) | 2015-03-23 |
JP4620328B2 (ja) | 2011-01-26 |
WO2002070972A2 (en) | 2002-09-12 |
JP5960945B2 (ja) | 2016-08-02 |
CA2439981C (en) | 2010-11-09 |
WO2002070972A3 (en) | 2003-10-16 |
EP2447652A3 (en) | 2012-06-27 |
NO20033873D0 (no) | 2003-09-02 |
US6412302B1 (en) | 2002-07-02 |
JP2011001554A (ja) | 2011-01-06 |
AU2002245599B2 (en) | 2007-04-26 |
CA2439981A1 (en) | 2002-09-12 |
EP1373814B1 (en) | 2019-12-18 |
NO20033873L (no) | 2003-10-31 |
JP2004532295A (ja) | 2004-10-21 |
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