KR100519528B1 - Automotive Tire Vulcanization Device - Google Patents

Automotive Tire Vulcanization Device Download PDF

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Publication number
KR100519528B1
KR100519528B1 KR10-1998-0037634A KR19980037634A KR100519528B1 KR 100519528 B1 KR100519528 B1 KR 100519528B1 KR 19980037634 A KR19980037634 A KR 19980037634A KR 100519528 B1 KR100519528 B1 KR 100519528B1
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
mold
annular body
shim
divided
fitting
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KR10-1998-0037634A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20000019510A (en
Inventor
김용섭
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한국타이어 주식회사
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Priority to KR10-1998-0037634A priority Critical patent/KR100519528B1/en
Publication of KR20000019510A publication Critical patent/KR20000019510A/en
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Publication of KR100519528B1 publication Critical patent/KR100519528B1/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/02Solid tyres ; Moulds therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/0601Vulcanising tyres; Vulcanising presses for tyres
    • B29D30/0606Vulcanising moulds not integral with vulcanising presses
    • B29D2030/0607Constructional features of the moulds

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은, 금형을 방사상의 방향에 따라 다수 개로 분할시키므로 서, 금형을 들어올리면 분할된 각개의 금형이 방사상의 외향으로 벌어지고, 벌어진 금형을 하강시켜 바닥판(Bottom plate)에 위치시키면 각개의 금형이 내측으로 오므라져 금형의 형태를 가지게 하여서 된 자동차용 타이어 가류용 금형 장치에 관한 것으로, 이와 같은 금형에 있어서는 필연적으로 외금형(2)의 저면부가 마모되어 외금형(2)의 높이가 낮아지게 되므로 동일한 정도로 누르는 플래튼에 의하여 환형상부체(3)가 외금형을 내향으로 밀어 보내는 량이 부족하게 되고, 그리하여 종래에는 플래튼(30)과 환형상부체(3) 사이에 끼움쇠(Shim)를 설치하여 마모된 금형의 높이에 따르는 금형의 내측 이동량 감소를 보정하여 왔던 바, 이와 같이 플래튼(30)과 환형상부체(3)사이에 끼움쇠를 설치하는 것은 그 설치 작업이 불편할 뿐 아니라, 균일성이 만족스럽지 못하며 특히 BOM(Back-o-mate)형의 가류기에서의 기능이 현저히 떨어지는 결점이 있었다.According to the present invention, since the mold is divided into a plurality of pieces according to the radial direction, when the mold is lifted, each divided mold is opened radially outward, and when the mold is lowered and placed on a bottom plate, The present invention relates to a mold apparatus for automotive tire vulcanization, in which a mold is formed to be retracted inward to have a shape of a mold. In such a mold, the bottom part of the outer mold 2 is inevitably worn down and the height of the outer mold 2 is low. Since the platen presses to the same degree, the annular body 3 is insufficient to push the outer mold inward, and thus, the shim between the platen 30 and the annular body 3 is conventionally reduced. In order to compensate for the decrease in the amount of movement of the mold according to the height of the worn mold, the fitting is installed between the platen 30 and the annular body 3 in this way. Not only is the installation work inconvenient, the uniformity is not satisfactory, and the drawback is that the function of the BOM (back-o-mate) type vulcanizer is notably reduced.

이에 본 발명은, 종래에 있어서와 같이 끼움쇠를 환형상부체(3)의 상면에 설치시키지 아니하고, 환형상부체(3)를 상하로 분할시키고 분할된 부위에 끼움쇠(33)를 설치한 후 분할된 환형상부체(3)를 재결합하므로 서 끼움쇠(33)가 완강히 결합되게 하며, 끼움쇠의 설치를 용이하게 하여 작업성을 향상시키고, 끼움쇠의 설치 안정성을 제공하여 금형의 설치 상태에 있어서의 정밀성을 향상시키어 타이어의 균일성을 향상시킬 수 있도록 한 것임.In the present invention, the shim is not installed on the upper surface of the annular body 3 as in the prior art, and the annular body 3 is divided up and down, and the shim 33 is installed at the divided site. By recombining the divided annular body (3), the shim (33) is firmly coupled, to facilitate the installation of the shim to improve the workability, to provide the installation stability of the shim to the installation state of the mold It is to improve the uniformity of tire and to improve tire uniformity.

Description

자동차 타이어 가류 금형 장치Car tire vulcanization mold device

본 발명은 타이어 가류용 금형 장치에 관한 것으로, 특히, 금형을 방사상의 방향에 따라 다수 개로 분할시키므로 서, 금형을 들어올리면 분할된 각개의 금형이 방사상의 외향으로 벌어지고, 벌어진 금형을 하강시켜 바닥판(Bottom plate)에 위치시키면 각개의 금형이 내측으로 오므라져 금형의 형태를 가지게 하여서 된 자동차용 타이어 가류용 금형 장치의 개량에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tire vulcanization mold apparatus, and in particular, by dividing the mold into a plurality of molds in a radial direction, when the mold is lifted, each of the divided molds is opened radially outward, and the opened mold is lowered to lower the bottom. When placed on a bottom plate, it relates to an improvement of a mold apparatus for automobile tire vulcanization, in which each mold is retracted inward to form a mold.

이러한 자동차용 타이어 가류용 금형 장치는 일반적으로, 첨부된 도면 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 플래튼(30)에 결합된 환형상부체(Outer ring)(3)와, 상판(Top plate)(8)과, 상판(8)에 결합된 상측사이드월(Side wall)금형(도면에 도시하지 않음)과, 외금형(2)과, 바닥판(Bottom plate)(6)과, 바닥판(6)에 결합된 하측 사이드월금형(도면에 도시하지 않음)으로 이루어져 있으며, 외금형(2)은 환형상부체(3)와의 접면부 즉, 각 경사면(20)(32)의 쐐기 작용으로 내향으로 미끄러지면서 중심부 내측으로 이동되게 구성되어 있다.Such a mold apparatus for automotive tire vulcanization generally includes an outer ring 3 and a top plate 8 coupled to the platen 30, as shown in FIG. 1. ), An upper side wall mold (not shown) coupled to the top plate 8, an outer mold 2, a bottom plate 6, and a bottom plate 6). It consists of a lower sidewall mold (not shown in the figure) coupled to the outer mold (2) is in contact with the annular body 3, that is, sliding inward by the wedge action of each inclined surface (20, 32) It is configured to move inside the center.

이와 같이 구성된 종래의 가류 금형에 있어서는, 환형상부체(3)가 상승되고, 외금형(2)이 유압 등의 압출수단에 의하여 외향으로 벌어져 가류할 또는 가류된 타이어를 금형에 설치하거나 또는 금형으로부터 인출할 수 있게 되고, 외금형(2)이 설치된 상판(8)을 들어올리면 외금형(2)이 딸려 올라가, 금형으로부터의 타이어의 출입이 자재롭게 된다.In the conventional vulcanization mold configured as described above, the annular body 3 is raised, and the outer mold 2 is opened outward by an extrusion means such as hydraulic pressure to install or vulcanize the tire in the mold or from the mold. When the top plate 8 provided with the outer mold 2 is lifted, the outer mold 2 comes up, and the tire from the mold can be freely pulled out.

그런데 이와 같은 금형 장치에 있어서는, 상승하였던 외금형(2)이 내려오면서 바닥판(6)과 접하여지고, 또한 바닥판(6)상에서 외금형(2)이 미끄러지면서 방사상의 내외 방향으로 이동되므로 특히 외금형(2)의 저면과 바닥판(6)의 표면이 마모되게 되는데, 바닥판(6)의 표면보다는 외금형(2)의 저면의 경도가 낮아 특히 외금형(2)의 저면이 마모되기 마련이다. 이와 같이 외금형(2)의 저면이 마모되면 외금형(2)의 높이가 낮아지며, 그리하면 환형상부체(3)의 경사면(32)이 외금형(2)의 경사면(20)을 내측으로 밀어내는 량이 감소되며, 그리하면 분할된 각개의 금형이 조합되는 상태에 미세한 틈이 발생하여 타이어를 가류하는 과정에서 고무의 식출이 발생하게 된다. 그리하여 종래에는 플래튼(30)과 환형상부체(3) 사이에 끼움쇠(Shim)를 설치하여 마모된 금형의 높이에 따르는 금형의 내측 이동량 감소를 보정하여 왔다. 그러나 이와 같이 플래튼(30)과 환형상부체(3)사이에 끼움쇠를 설치하는 것은 그 설치 작업이 불편할 뿐 아니라, 균일성이 만족스럽지 못하며 특히 BOM(Back-o-matic)형의 가류기에서는 그 기능이 현저히 떨어지는 결점이 있었다.By the way, in such a mold apparatus, since the outer mold 2 which has risen is contacted with the bottom plate 6, and the outer mold 2 slides on the bottom plate 6, it moves in radial in and out directions especially. The bottom surface of the outer mold (2) and the surface of the bottom plate 6 is worn, but the hardness of the bottom surface of the outer mold (2) is lower than the surface of the bottom plate (6), especially the bottom surface of the outer mold (2) It is ready. When the bottom surface of the outer mold (2) is worn in this way, the height of the outer mold (2) is lowered, so that the inclined surface 32 of the annular body (3) pushes the inclined surface 20 of the outer mold (2) inward The amount of the filling is reduced, so that a fine gap is generated in the state in which the divided molds are combined, and the extraction of the rubber occurs in the process of vulcanizing the tire. Thus, in the related art, a shim is provided between the platen 30 and the annular body 3 to compensate for the decrease in the amount of movement of the mold along the height of the worn mold. However, installing the fitting between the platen 30 and the annular body 3 is not only inconvenient for the installation work but also unsatisfactory in uniformity, and in particular, a back-o-matic vulcanizer Esau had a flaw in its functioning.

그리하여 본 발명은, 종래에 있어서와 같이 끼움쇠를 환형상부체(3)의 상면에 설치시키지 아니하고, 환형상부체(3)를 상하로 분할시키고 분할된 부위에 끼움쇠를 설치한 후 분할된 환형상부체(3)를 재결합하여 끼움쇠가 완강히 결합되게하므로서, 끼움쇠의 설치를 용이하게 하여 작업성을 향상시키고, 끼움쇠의 설치 안정성을 제공하여 금형의 설치 상태에 있어서의 정밀성을 향상시키어 타이어의 균일성을 향상시킬 수 있게 하였는 바, 이와 같은 본 발명을 첨부된 도면에 의하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.Thus, in the present invention, the annular portion is divided after the annular body 3 is divided up and down and the shim is installed on the divided portion without installing the shim on the upper surface of the annular body 3 as in the prior art. By recombining the upper body 3 so that the shims are firmly engaged, the shims are easily installed to improve workability, and the shims are provided to improve the precision in the mold installation state. Since it was possible to improve the uniformity of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows.

플래튼(30)에 설치된 환형상부체(Outer ring)(3)와, 상판(Top plate)(8)과, 상판(8)에 결합된 상측사이드월(Side wall)금형과, 외금형(2)과, 바닥판(Bottom plate)(6)과, 바닥판(6)에 결합된 하측 사이드월금형으로 이루어져 있으며, 외금형(2)은 경사면(20)에 접촉되어 승강되는 환형상부체(3)의 경사면(32)이 쐐기 작용을 하도록 하여서 된 것에 있어서, 끼움쇠를 종래에 있어서와 같이 환형상부체(3)의 상면에 설치시키지 아니하고, 환형상부체(3)를 상하로 분할시키어 환형상부체(3)의 상측에 끼움쇠취부체(31)를 형성시키고, 환형상부체(3)와 끼움쇠취부체(31)사이의 결합 수단을 구비시킨다. 환형상부체(3)와 끼움쇠취부체(31)사이의 결합 수단은 볼트(5)인 것이 바람직하며, 환형상부체(3)의 상면에 볼트공(55)을 형성시키고 끼움쇠취부체(31)의 저면에는 볼트머리부(51)가 억지끼움되는 결합홈(54)을 형성시킨다.An outer ring 3 installed on the platen 30, a top plate 8, a side wall mold coupled to the top plate 8, and an outer mold 2 ), A bottom plate (6) and a lower side wall mold coupled to the bottom plate (6), the outer mold (2) is in contact with the inclined surface 20 to lift the annular body (3) In the case where the inclined surface 32 of the) is wedge-shaped, the fitting is not installed on the upper surface of the annular body 3 as in the prior art, and the annular body 3 is divided up and down to form an annular part. The fitting fitting body 31 is formed on the upper side of the sieve 3, and the coupling means between the annular body 3 and the fitting fitting body 31 is provided. It is preferable that the coupling means between the annular body 3 and the fitting body 31 is a bolt 5, and a bolt hole 55 is formed on the upper surface of the annular body 3 and the fitting body ( On the bottom of the 31 is formed a coupling groove 54 in which the bolt head 51 is fitted.

이와 같은 볼트공(55)과 결합홈(54)은 반대로 형성시킬 수 있다. 즉, 환형상부체(3)의 상면에 결합홈(54)을 형성시키고 끼움쇠취부체(31)의 저면에는 볼트(5)가 체결되는 볼트공(55)을 형성시켜 환형상부체(3)와 끼움쇠취부체(31)를 결합시킬 수도 있는 것이다.The bolt hole 55 and the coupling groove 54 can be formed in the opposite direction. That is, the coupling groove 54 is formed on the upper surface of the annular body 3, and the bolt hole 55 to which the bolt 5 is fastened is formed on the bottom of the fitting body 31 to form the annular body 3. And fitting assembly 31 may be combined.

또한 볼트(5)의 머리부(51) 외주연에는 경사면(50)을 형성시켜 머리부(51)가 결합홈(54)의 내부로 억지끼움 될 때 경사면(50)이 결합홈(54)의 선단주연에서 미끄러지면서 끼워지도록 하여 결합홈(54)과의 결합을 용이하게 하다.In addition, the inclined surface 50 is formed on the outer circumference of the head 51 of the bolt 5 so that the inclined surface 50 of the coupling groove 54 when the head 51 is fitted into the inside of the coupling groove 54. It is easy to engage with the coupling groove (54) by fitting so as to slide on the leading edge.

그리고 상기 머리부(51)의 상면에는 볼트(5)의 체결을 용이하게 하는 일자형 또는 십자형의 공구삽입홈(53)을 형성시키는 것이 바람직하다.And it is preferable to form a straight or cross-shaped tool insertion groove 53 to facilitate the fastening of the bolt 5 on the upper surface of the head 51.

이와 같은 볼트(5)는 환형상부체에 적어도 2개 이상으로 설치시킨다.At least two such bolts 5 are provided in the annular body.

이와 같이 구성되는 본 발명은 환형상부체(3)와 끼움쇠취부체(31)사이에 끼움쇠(33)를 설치하고 볼트(5)를 조임으로서 환형상부체의 상하 길이를 조정하여 플래튼(30)이 환형상부체(3)를 하향으로 누르는 거리를 조정할 수 있게 한다.According to the present invention configured as described above, the clamp 33 is installed between the annular body 3 and the fitting assembly 31, and the upper and lower lengths of the annular body are adjusted by tightening the bolts 5 so as to adjust the platen ( 30) makes it possible to adjust the distance in which the annular body 3 is pressed downward.

이와 같이하여 끼움쇠(33)를 설치하고 또 끼움쇠(33)의 두께를 외금형(2) 저면부의 마모에 대응하여 변경하므로 서, 환형상부체(3)의 상하 길이를 연장하면, 비록 플래튼(30)이 일정한 정도로 환형상부체(3)를 하향으로 누르고 또 각개의 분할된 외금형(2)의 저면이 마모되어 그 높이가 낮아졌다 하더라도, 환형상부체(3)의 하향 정도가 커져, 환형상부체(3)가 외금형(2)을 내향으로 밀어붙이는 정도가 증가되어 분할된 각개의 외금형(2)들의 결합 상태가 완전하게 된다.In this way, by installing the shim 33 and changing the thickness of the shim 33 to correspond to the wear of the bottom portion of the outer mold 2, the length of the upper and lower sides of the annular body 3 is extended, Even if the tongue 30 pushes the annular body 3 downward to a certain degree and the bottom surface of each divided outer mold 2 is worn and its height is lowered, the degree of downward of the annular body 3 becomes large, The degree to which the annular body 3 pushes the outer mold 2 inwards is increased to complete the combined state of the divided outer molds 2.

이와 같이 구성된 본 발명은, 외금형(2) 저면부의 마모에 대응하여 환형상부체(3)의 상하 길이를 조정함에 있어서, 종래에 있어서와 같이 환형상부체(3)의 상면에 끼움쇠(33)를 설치하지 아니하고, 환형상부체(3)로 부터 분할시킨 끼움쇠취부체(31)와 환형상부체(3)의 사이에 이를 설치할 수 있게 하여 끼움쇠(33)의 설치 안정성을 제공할 수 있을 뿐 아니라, 끼움쇠(33)의 설치 작업을 용이하게 하여 작업 능률을 향상시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다.According to the present invention configured as described above, the upper and lower lengths of the annular body 3 are adjusted in response to the wear of the bottom face of the outer mold 2, and as shown in the related art, the shims 33 It is possible to provide installation stability of the shim 33 by allowing it to be installed between the shim attaching body 31 and the annular body 3 divided from the annular body 3 without installing). In addition, there is an effect that can facilitate the installation work of the shim 33 to improve the work efficiency.

도 1 은 본 발명의 타이어 가류 금형 장치를 도시한 발췌 단면도.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the tire vulcanization mold apparatus of the present invention.

도 2 는 본 발명의 요부를 도시한 발췌 단면도2 is a cross-sectional view showing the main part of the present invention.

<도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

2..........외금형2 .......... External mold

3..........환형상부체3 .......... cyclic float

30.........플래튼30 ......... Platen

31.........끼움쇠취부체31 ......... fit attachment

33.........끼움쇠33 ......... fit

5..........볼트5 .......... bolt

6..........바닥판6 .......... bottom plate

8..........상판(Top plate)8 .......... Top plate

Claims (3)

플래튼(30)에 설치된 환형상부체(Outer ring)(3)와, 상판(Top plate)(8)과, 상판(8)에 결합된 상측사이드월(Side wall)금형과, 외금형(2)과, 바닥판(Bottom plate)(6)과, 바닥판(6)에 결합된 하측 사이드월금형으로 이루어져 있으며, 외금형(2)은 환형상부체(3)와의 경사면(20)(32)에서 상하로 경사 접촉되어 쐐기 작용을 하도록 하여서 된 것에 있어서, 환형상부체(3)를 상하로 분할시키어 환형상부체(3)의 상측에 끼움쇠취부체(31)를 형성시키고, 환형상부체(3)와 끼움쇠취부체(31)사이에 끼움쇠(33)를 개재 설치시킨 상태에서 환형상부체(3)와 끼움쇠취부체(31)를 결합 수단으로 고정 결합시킨 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차 타이어 가류 금형 장치.An outer ring 3 installed on the platen 30, a top plate 8, a side wall mold coupled to the top plate 8, and an outer mold 2 ), A bottom plate (6) and a lower sidewall mold coupled to the bottom plate (6), the outer mold (2) is inclined surface (20, 32) with the annular body (3) In which the annular body 3 is divided up and down to form a clamping body 31 on the upper side of the annular body 3, and the annular body ( 3) an automobile tire characterized in that the annular body 3 and the fitting body 31 are fixedly coupled by a coupling means in a state where the fitting 33 is interposed between the fitting assembly 31 and the fitting fitting 31. Vulcanization mold device. 제 1 항에 있어서, 결합 수단은 볼트(5)이며, 환형상부체(3)의 상면에 볼트공(55)을 형성시키고 끼움쇠취부체(31)의 저면에는 볼트머리부(51)가 억지끼움되는 결합홈(54)을 형성시켜 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차 타이어 가류 금형 장치. 2. The coupling means is a bolt (5), and the bolt hole (55) is formed on the upper surface of the annular body (3), and the bolt head (51) is restrained on the bottom of the fitting body (31). Automobile tire vulcanization mold apparatus, characterized in that formed by forming a fitting groove 54 to be fitted. 제 2 항에 있어서, 볼트(5)의 머리부(51) 외주연에는 경사면(50)을 형성시켜 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차 타이어 가류 금형 장치.3. The automobile tire vulcanization mold apparatus according to claim 2, wherein an inclined surface (50) is formed on an outer circumference of the head (51) of the bolt (5).
KR10-1998-0037634A 1998-09-11 1998-09-11 Automotive Tire Vulcanization Device KR100519528B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-1998-0037634A KR100519528B1 (en) 1998-09-11 1998-09-11 Automotive Tire Vulcanization Device

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KR100519528B1 true KR100519528B1 (en) 2005-12-08

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6064813U (en) * 1983-10-11 1985-05-08 三菱重工業株式会社 tire vulcanizer
JPH10249928A (en) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-22 Nippon Muki Co Ltd Mold for molding
KR19980042721U (en) * 1996-12-24 1998-09-25 박병재 Structure of Resin Mold
KR0130946Y1 (en) * 1996-04-13 1999-01-15 배순훈 Injection mold to be able to make leg length of led holder
JP2001009837A (en) * 1999-07-01 2001-01-16 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Split mold apparatus for vulcanization of tire
KR200282981Y1 (en) * 2002-04-11 2002-07-24 장병철 Layered Moldbase

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6064813U (en) * 1983-10-11 1985-05-08 三菱重工業株式会社 tire vulcanizer
KR0130946Y1 (en) * 1996-04-13 1999-01-15 배순훈 Injection mold to be able to make leg length of led holder
KR19980042721U (en) * 1996-12-24 1998-09-25 박병재 Structure of Resin Mold
JPH10249928A (en) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-22 Nippon Muki Co Ltd Mold for molding
JP2001009837A (en) * 1999-07-01 2001-01-16 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Split mold apparatus for vulcanization of tire
KR200282981Y1 (en) * 2002-04-11 2002-07-24 장병철 Layered Moldbase

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