JPWO2008093727A1 - ハニカム構造体および浄化装置 - Google Patents
ハニカム構造体および浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
1.実施形態1
基準長さとは、図3(a)に示すように、粗さ曲線の特性を求めるために用いる粗さ曲線のX軸方向の長さである。流通孔2の幅が上述の幅(0.9〜3.2mm)のハニカム構造体においては基準長さを0.8mmとしてハニカム構造体1の隔壁4の表面における粗さ曲線を求めれば、隔壁4の全表面を代表することができることを見出した。
図5は、負荷長さ率(Rmr(c))が90%を超える粗さ曲線の模式図である。
負荷長さ率(Rmr(c))が高いと、図5に示すように、平均線と粗さ曲線で囲まれた部分のうち、平均線より上側の部分が占める面積(S1)が平均線より下側の部分が占める面積(S2)より大きくなる傾向が強くなる。負荷長さ率(Rmr(c))が低いと、図4に示すように、平均線と粗さ曲線で囲まれた部分のうち、平均線より下側の部分が占める面積(S2)が平均線より上側の部分が占める面積(S1)より大きくなる傾向が強くなる。負荷長さ率(Rmr(c))が低いと、平均線と粗さ曲線で囲まれた部分のうち、平均線より下側の部分が広いため、ディーゼル微粒子を長期間捕集しても捕集効率が低下しにくくなる傾向が強くなる。
ここで、平均線とは、JIS B 0601−2001で定義される粗さ曲線のための平均線をいう。
主成分がチタン酸アルミニウムであるハニカム構造体を得るには、TiO2とAl2O3との比率がモル比で40〜60:60〜40である成分100質量部と、組成式が(NayK1−y)AlSi3O8(0≦y≦1)で表わされるアルカリ長石、Mgを含むスピネル型構造の酸化物、MgOおよび焼成によりMgOに転化するMg含有化合物の少なくともいずれか1種からなる成分を1〜10質量部と、を調合して平均粒径(D50)を10〜22μm、好ましくは15〜22μmの調合原料とし、この調合原料100重量部に対して、樹脂、でんぷん、カーボンからなる造孔剤を5〜20質量部の範囲で添加する。これ以降、封止部を形成するまでの工程は、主成分がコージェライトの場合と同様である。ハニカム構造体の主成分がチタン酸アルミニウムの場合、電気炉、ガス炉等の焼成炉を用い、成形体を温度1250℃〜1700℃、好ましくは1250℃〜1450℃で焼成して本発明のハニカム構造体を得ることができる。
実施形態1にかかるハニカム構造体では、比較的長い期間、安定した性能で微粒子を捕集することができる。このため、ハニカム構造体の再生間隔も比較的長く、ハニカム構造体の寿命も比較的長い。従って、ハニカム構造体の寿命をより長期にするには、封止部と隔壁との境界部分でのクラックの発生をより低減することが好ましい。
図8は、本発明のハニカム構造体の一実施形態を示し、(a)は軸方向Aに平行な面における断面図、(b)は凹状の内端部を有する封止部の拡大図である。
TiO2とAl2O3との比率がモル比で50:50である成分100質量部と、組成式が(NayK1−y)AlSi3O8(0≦y≦1)で表わされるアルカリ長石、Mgを含むスピネル型構造の酸化物、MgOおよび焼成によりMgOに転化するMg含有化合物の少なくともいずれか1種からなる成分を1〜10質量部とを調合して平均粒径(D50)が表1に示す調合原料を得た。この調合原料100質量部に対し、造孔剤を表1に示す比率で添加した後、可塑剤、増粘剤、滑り剤および水を加えて、万能攪拌機を用いて混合物とした。そして、この混合物を混練機で混練し、可塑化した混練体を得た。
TiO2とAl2O3との比率がモル比で45:55である成分100質量部と、組成式が(NayK1−y)AlSi3O8(0≦y≦1)で表わされるアルカリ長石、Mgを含むスピネル型構造の酸化物、MgOおよび焼成によりMgOに転化するMg含有化合物の少なくともいずれか1種からなる成分を1〜10質量部と、を調合して平均粒径(D50)が25μmである調合原料を得た。この調合原料100質量部に対し、造孔剤を表2に示す比率で添加した後、可塑剤、増粘剤、滑り剤および水を加えて、万能攪拌機を用いて混合物とした。そして、この混合物を混練機で混練し、可塑化した混練体を得た。
次に、各試料について、ディーゼル微粒子を捕集する前に、入口端面(IF)に対する出口端面(OF)の圧力損失をマノメーターによって測定した。マノメータとしては、(株)山本電機製作所製マノスターゲージ、W081Fシリーズを用い、測定レンジ0〜30kPaで測定した。そして、試料No.12〜16の入口端面(IF)にディーゼル微粒子発生装置(不図示)をそれぞれ接続し、この装置からディーセル微粒子を含む、温度200℃の気体を流量2.27Nm3/分で直接噴射して、ハニカム構造体1の体積0.001m3に対して、ディーゼル微粒子が12g捕集されたときの入口端面(IF)に対する出口端面の圧力損失をマノメーターで測定した。
試験装置;試験装置は、JIS B 7733に適合する圧縮試験機又は同等装置((株)島津製作所製 オートグラフAG−IS)を用いた。
試験手順;
試料を、軸方向に荷重が均一に加わるよう試料の上下面に発砲ポリエチレンシートを添え、上面側にはその発砲ポリエチレンシートの上にさらにセラミック板を載せる。
試料に連続的に圧力を加え破壊させ、破壊時の荷重を測定する。そのときのヘッドスピードは、0.5〜1.3mm/minとする。
圧縮破壊強度P=F/Sを求める。なお、Pは圧縮破壊強度(Pa)、Fは破壊時の荷重(N)、Sは加圧面の面積(流通孔を含む面積)1×10−4(m2)である。
Claims (10)
- 入口端面から出口端面に延びた隔壁によって仕切られた複数の流通孔を有するハニカム構造体であって、
前記隔壁は切断レベル70%、基準長さ0.8mmにおける負荷長さ率(Rmr(c))が90%以下であることを特徴とするハニカム構造体。 - 前記負荷長さ率(Rmr(c))が50%以上75%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記隔壁の気孔率が40%以上45%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記隔壁に存在する気孔の平均気孔径が、6μm以上15μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のハニカム構造体。
- チタン酸アルミニウムを主成分とする焼結体からなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記複数の流通孔は入口端部を封止した前記流通孔と出口端部を封止した前記流通孔とが、前記隔壁を介して交互に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記入口端部または前記出口端部の少なくともいずれか一方は、
その内端部が凹状であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載のハニカム構造体。 - 前記入口端部および前記出口端部の双方の内端部が凹状であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記入口端部が開放されている流通孔は、開口端が8角形であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 請求項1に記載のハニカム構造体と、
前記入口端面側に位置する流入口と前記出口端面側に位置する流出口とが設けられ、前記ハニカム構造体を収容するケースと、を備え、
気体または液体を前記流入口から前記流出口に通過させ、前記気体または液体に含まれる微粒子を前記隔壁によって捕集することを特徴とする浄化装置。
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