JPWO2002079548A1 - Electrolytic plating tank - Google Patents

Electrolytic plating tank Download PDF

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JPWO2002079548A1
JPWO2002079548A1 JP2002577948A JP2002577948A JPWO2002079548A1 JP WO2002079548 A1 JPWO2002079548 A1 JP WO2002079548A1 JP 2002577948 A JP2002577948 A JP 2002577948A JP 2002577948 A JP2002577948 A JP 2002577948A JP WO2002079548 A1 JPWO2002079548 A1 JP WO2002079548A1
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tank
plating
plating solution
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JP3924537B2 (en
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小畑 総一
総一 小畑
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Fujitsu Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/08Electroplating with moving electrolyte e.g. jet electroplating
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D17/00Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
    • C25D17/008Current shielding devices

Abstract

均一な厚さのめっきを施すことができる電解めっき槽を提供する。内部にアノード22が配置され、かつ密閉された第1の槽21と、該第1の槽21に隣接して設けられ、内部にカソード25が配置された第2の槽24と、第1の槽21にめっき液を圧送するポンプ26と、第1の槽21と第2の槽24との間の仕切り壁31に設けられ、平行な多数本の所要長さを有する筒体32からなり、第1の槽21に送り込まれためっき液を該筒体32を通じて第2の槽24に送り込み、第2の槽24のめっき液中に液流を生じさせるノズル30とを具備することを特徴とする。Provided is an electrolytic plating tank capable of performing plating with a uniform thickness. A first tank 21 having an anode 22 disposed therein and sealed therein; a second tank 24 provided adjacent to the first tank 21 and having a cathode 25 disposed therein; A pump 26 for pumping the plating solution into the tank 21; and a plurality of parallel cylinders 32 having a required length provided on a partition wall 31 between the first tank 21 and the second tank 24, And a nozzle 30 for feeding the plating solution sent to the first tank 21 to the second tank 24 through the cylindrical body 32 to generate a liquid flow in the plating solution in the second tank 24. I do.

Description

技術分野
本発明は電解めっき槽に関し、さらに詳細には均一な厚さのめっきを施したり、めっき厚の制御が可能な電解めっき槽に関する。
背景技術
図23は、最も一般的なめっき槽10を示す概略図である。
12はアノード、13はカソードである。めっき液は循環ろ過機(図示せず)により循環され、またろ過される。14はめっき液の噴き出し口であり、矢印方向にめっき液が供給される。アノード12とカソード13との間には遮蔽板15が挿入されることもある。この遮蔽板15には、図24に示すように多数の通孔16(図の黒丸部分)が設けられている。
また、めっき液の撹拌には、図25に示されるように、槽内下部に、エアレーション用パイプ17が配設される。
図26は、他の方式の装置であって、噴流式めっき装置を示す。
このめっき装置の場合には、上下方向に設けためっき液の噴出パイプ18から、めっき液をカソード13に保持した被めっき物に向けて噴出し、被めっき物にめっきを施すようにしている。アノード(図示せず)は網状もしくはリング状に形成されて、噴出パイプ18の先端内部に取りつけられている。この噴流式めっき装置は開放系、すなわち、空気中にめっき液を噴出するようになっている。
図23に示す電解めっき槽の場合、めっき液は、めっき槽の側壁に沿って上方に流れ、アノード12の背後から槽10の中央方向に流れる。しかしながら、めっき液の被めっき物に対する液流の速度は小さなものであり、また液の流れが均一でないことから、めっき厚が不均一になりやすいという課題がある。そのために、図25に示すようにエアレーションを行う場合が多いが、液圧が相違することから、槽の上部と下部とで状況が相違し、均一な撹拌が行えず、そのために均一な膜厚が得られないという課題がある。また被めっき物の凹部にエアーが溜まりやすく、無めっき等の不具合も発生する。
また、図24のような遮蔽板15を用いると、その開孔率は20%程度なので、液の流れ抵抗が大きく、めっき速度、めっき効率が落ちるという課題がある。さらに遮蔽板15を用いる目的は、電気力線の制御にあるが、図27に示すように遮蔽板15裏面側への電気力線の回り込みを必ずしも回避できず、十分な遮蔽効果が得られない。通孔16の径を小さくすれば電気力線の回り込みは回避できるが、めっき効率が著しく落ちることになる。
また、図26に示す噴流式めっき装置の場合、開放系であるから、遮蔽板を用いることができず、膜厚制御が困難である。さらに、部分めっきには適するが、広い面積にめっきを施すのには不向きである。
そこで本発明は上記課題を解決すべくなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、均一な厚さのめっきを施したり、めっき厚の制御が可能な電解めっき槽を提供するにある。
さらに本発明は、電気力線の制御ができ、均一な厚さのめっきを施すことが可能で、装置の小型化も図れる電解めっき槽を提供するにある
発明の開示
上記課題を解決するため、本発明に係る電解めっき槽は、内部にアノードが配置され、かつ密閉された第1の槽と、該第1の槽に隣接して設けられ、内部にカソードが配置された第2の槽と、前記第1の槽にめっき液を圧送するポンプと、前記第1の槽と第2の槽との間の仕切り壁に設けられ、平行な多数本の所要長さを有する筒体からなり、第1の槽に送り込まれためっき液を該筒体を通じて第2の槽に送り込み、第2の槽のめっき液中に液流を生じさせるノズルとを具備することを特徴とする。
多数本の筒体からめっき液を第2の槽に送り込むようにしたので、電気力線の回り込みを防止でき、均一な厚さのめっき皮膜を得ることができる。
また、筒体の径、長さ、本数、配置などを変えることでめっき厚の制御も可能となる。
また、前記アノードを、前記仕切り壁と対向する第1の槽の対向壁面に面する一方の面から、該一方の面と反対側の他方の面に向けてめっき液が通流可能な構造に形成し、前記ポンプにより、めっき液を、前記対向壁面と前記アノードとの間に送り込むようにすると好適である。
これにより、めっき液が密閉された第1の槽内でアノードの背後からアノードに接触しつつ流れるので、イオン濃度が高くなり、単位時間に供給されるイオン量を多くでき、めっき速度が向上する。
また、前記対向壁面と前記アノードとの間に、前記ポンプからめっき液が送り込まれる噴き出しユニットが配置され、該噴き出しユニットは、複数本の噴出しパイプを備え、該噴き出しパイプに、めっき液を前記対向壁面に向けて噴出する多数の***が設けられていることを特徴とする。
このような噴き出しユニットを配置することで、槽全体に均一な乱流状態が生成され、アノードとの接触効率がさらに高まる。
また撹拌効率が高まるので、エアレーションの必要がなく、無めっき等の不具合を解消できる。
また、前記ノズルを備えた仕切り壁を着脱可能に設けると好適である。
これにより、径、長さ、本数や配置を被めっき物の性状に合わせて変更した種種のノズルを選択して装着できて好適である。
また、本発明に係る電解めっき槽では、アノードとカソードの間に、複数本の棒状体を有し、該棒状体間を電気力線が通過することにより電気力線が曲げられ、もって電気力線の経路を長くする遮蔽手段を設けたことを特徴とする。
これによりカソードに到達する電気力線が平行に近くなり、均一なめっき皮膜を得ることができる。ブラインドビア内のめっきにも有効である。
またそれだけ装置の小型化も図れる。
前記棒状体を複数列設け、各列の各棒状体が隣接する列の棒状体間に位置するようにすると、電気力線が蛇行し、電気力線の経路を長くすることができる。
発明を実施するための最良の形態
以下本発明の好適な実施の形態を添付図面に基づき詳細に説明する。
図1は、電解めっき槽20の概略的な平面図である。
21は密閉された第1の槽(チャンバー)であり、内部に上下方向に伸びる複数本のアノード22が配置されている。隣接するアノード22の間隙からめっき液がアノード22の表裏に通流可能である。
アノード22は連結バー(図示せず)によって連結されるとともに、図示しない給電装置に接続される。
第1の槽21は図示しない蓋体によって密閉可能となっている。
第1の槽21に隣接して(水平横方向に隣接)第2の槽24が設けられている。この第2の槽24内にはカソード25が配置されている。カソード25は図示しない給電装置に接続される。
第2の槽24内のめっき液は、循環ポンプ26により配管27を通じて第1の槽21内に圧送される。この送り込み流量は、槽の大きさによって適宜変更される。
30はノズルであり、第1の槽21と第2の槽24との間の仕切り壁31に設けられ、平行な多数本の所要長さを有する筒体32からなる。このノズル30により、第1の槽21に送り込まれためっき液を筒体32を通じて第2の槽24に送り込み、第2の槽24のめっき液中に液流を生じさせる。
筒体32の配置例を図2に示す。
仕切り壁31を槽に対して着脱自在に設けて、被めっき物の種類に応じて、筒体32の径、長さ、本数や配置等を変更した種々のノズル30に交換できるようにすると好適である。
めっき液は、ポンプ26により単に第1の槽21内に圧送するのでもよいが、図3に示すような、噴き出しユニット33を通じて第1の槽21中に噴出させるようにすると好適である。
この噴き出しユニット33は、仕切り壁31と対向する第1の槽21の対向壁面21aとアノード22との間に配置される。
この噴き出しユニット33は、両端が連通パイプ34に接続された複数本の噴出しパイプ35を備えており、この噴き出しパイプ35に、めっき液を上記対向壁面21aに向けてほぼ垂直に噴出する多数の***36が設けられている。
続いて、上記電解めっき槽20の動作について説明する。
噴き出しユニット33からめっき液は勢いよく上記対向壁面21aに向かって噴出され、対向壁面21aにぶつかって撹拌され、乱流となる。噴き出しユニット33の***36はほぼ均一に分布して設けられていることから、液流の状態がどこもほぼ同じとなって、アノード22間を通過する。このように、めっき液は、密閉された第1の槽21内に配置されたアノード22間の間隙を通過してから筒体32を通じて第2の槽24内に導入されることから、イオン濃度の高い、かつ均一な液流となり、これによりめっき効率がよくなるとともに、均一な膜圧のめっき皮膜が得られる。
図4は、アノード22表面近くの拡散二重層の説明図である。図のように、アノード22の直近ではほとんどプラスイオンであるが、アノード22から離れるにしたがってマイナスイオンが増加し、ついには異符号の電荷の濃度が等しくなって電気的中性の状態となる。この、電荷のアンバランスな領域は拡散二重層と呼ばれる。
拡散二重層の厚さが薄い程、イオンの供給がスムーズとなり、したがって、めっき速度が上がり、また均一な膜圧となる。
本実施の形態では、均一な流れの状態のめっき液がアノード22の背後からアノード22に均一、かつ高速で接触して通過することから、拡散二重層が薄くなり、めっき効率がよく、また均一な膜圧が得られるのである。
また、図5に示すように、めっき液はノズル30の筒体32を通過する。このように筒体32を配置することによって、電気力線が遮断され、電気力線が仕切り壁31の背後に回り込む程度が小さくなり、遮蔽効果が大きくなる。したがって、無理に開口面積(筒体の径)を小さくする必要はなく、めっき効率を落とすことなく遮蔽効果を大きくすることができる。
また、めっき液は、筒体32を通じて、ある程度の流速をもって被めっき物に供給され、これによっても、めっき速度の向上、均一膜圧のめっき皮膜を得ることが可能となる。
図6(正面図)、図7(平面図)、図8(側面図)は筒体32の配列、長さの一例を示す。この例では、筒体32を仕切り壁31に均一に配置し、また長さも等しくした。
図9(正面図)、図10(平面図)、図11(側面図)は筒体32の配列、長さの他の一例を示す。この例では、仕切り壁31の中央のエリアに位置する筒体32の長さを周辺の筒体32の長さよりも長くなるようにした。このようにすると、被めっき物の中央部のめっき厚を大きくすることができる。
図12(正面図)、図13(平面図)、図14(側面図)は筒体32の配列、長さのさらに他の一例を示す。この例では、上段、中段、下段の筒体32をこの順に長くなるように設定した。この例では、カソード25付近(第2の槽24のコーナー付近)におけるめっき液の流速が下部側程大きくなる(上段側は液抵抗によってめっき液の流速が低くなる)ので、第2の槽24の壁面付近において下方から上方への液流が生じる。したがって、第2の槽24のコーナー部付近に滞留しやすいごみを巻き上げて、ろ過装置に送り込んで除去することができる。また、一般的には、被めっき物の下部側のめっき厚が薄くなる傾向にあるが、この例によれば、被めっき物に均等の厚さでめっきを施すことができる。
仕切り壁31を槽に着脱自在に設けて(例えば第1の槽21から上方に引き抜けるようにする)、図6〜図8、図9〜図11、図12〜図14等に示す筒体32を配列した仕切り壁31を選択して装着することによって、被めっき物の形状等に応じて最適なめっき厚を得ることができる。すなわち、めっき厚のコントロールが可能となる。
図15(正面図)、図16(平面図)、図17(側面図)はノズル30のさらに他の一例を示す。この例のものでは、仕切り壁31の内側に適宜配列で孔をあけた遮蔽板(図示せず)を配置し、所要部位の筒体32の入口を閉塞するようにした(図15の太い黒丸部分が閉塞された筒体を示す)。
あるいは、遮蔽板の孔径を小さくすることによって、筒体32の孔径の調整もできる。
図15〜図17のものによっても、容易にめっき厚のコントロールが行える。
図1に示す装置の実験装置を作成し、めっき厚の測定をした。
全体の大きさを、図1で100mm四方とし、深さを90mmとした。仕切り板31の位置は対向壁面からおよそ40mmとした。仕切り板31の厚さを2mm、筒体32の長さを2mmとした。したがって、筒体32の実質長は4mmである。また筒体32の内径は5mmとした。噴き出しパイプ35の内径を8mm、***36は1mmの径とした。ポンプ26によって、毎分3リットルのめっき液を第1の槽21に圧送した。第2の槽24の液深は60mmとなった。
めっき液の組成を次に示す。

Figure 2002079548
上記適量のめっき液の組成で電解銅めっきを施した際のめっき厚の分布を表1の実施例1に示す。被めっき物のめっき厚の測定個所は図18に示す。
Figure 2002079548
なお、従来例は、図23の全く一般的な銅めっき槽を用いた(めっき槽の大きさは実験装置とほぼ同じにした)。
表1から明らかなように、実施例1の方が、従来例の場合よりもめっき厚が均一であることがわかる。
図19はさらに他の実施の形態の電解めっき槽40を示す。
本実施の形態では、アノード22とカソード25との間に電気力線を制御(電気力線の経路を長くする)可能な遮蔽ユニット(遮蔽手段)41を配置した。
この遮蔽ユニット41は、図20に示すように、上下に配置した連結板42、42に上下方向に平行に伸びる複数本の棒状体43を固定したものである。
棒状体43の配列の一例を図21に示す。
この例では、両アノード22間が約100mmのめっき槽において、幅約20mmの連結板42に、直径約1mmのPVC製丸棒43を15列に千鳥状に配置した。すなわち、各列の各棒状体43が隣接する列の棒状体43の間に位置するようにした。上記の場合各丸棒43間の間隔は約1mmである。
このようにすることで、図22に示すように、電気力線は絶縁体である棒状体43を回避して進行するため、電気力線の経路が長くなる。上記大きさの槽で上記遮蔽ユニット41を挿入することで、アノード22とカソード25間の電気力線の経路が約10%長くなることが計算上確認された。
一般に、極間距離が長くなる程、あるいはめっき液の液抵抗が大きくなる程、電気力線は平行になり、均一なめっき厚を得ることができる。しかしながら、極間距離を大きくすればめっき槽が大きくなってしまう。めっき液の液抵抗は、めっき液組成に規制され、調整はほとんどできない。
この点、本実施の形態では、遮蔽ユニット41を用いることで、同じ大きさのめっき槽でそれだけ電気力線の経路を長くすることができ、したがって、均一なめっき厚を得ることができる。また、それだけ、めっき槽の小型化も図れる。
また、図24に示すような遮蔽板では、開口率が20%程度になってしまい、液の流れに対する抵抗が大きいという課題については既に述べたが、本実施の形態では、棒状体43が間隔をおいて平行に存するだけなので、実質的に開口率は100%であり、めっき効率にはほとんど影響を与えない。
上記実験装置でめっき厚を測定した結果を前記の表1の実施例2に示した。なお、めっき液は前記組成の電解銅めっき液を用いた。
実施例2から明らかなように、従来例よりも均一な厚さのめっき皮膜が得られた。
上記実施の形態では、遮蔽ユニット41の棒状体43は上下方向に平行に伸びるように配置したが、横方向に平行に伸びるように配置してもよい。
また棒状体43の配置、本数、径等の条件は、被めっき物等のめっき条件にしたがって適宜変更できることはもちろんである。
遮蔽ユニット41は、図1等に示すノズル30の前方に配置すれば、さらに均一なめっき厚を得ることが期待できる。
発明の効果
請求項1によれば、多数本の筒体からめっき液を第2の槽に送り込むようにしたので、電気力線の回り込みを防止でき、均一な厚さのめっき皮膜を得ることができる。
また、筒体の径、長さ、本数、配置などを変えることでめっき厚の制御も可能となる。
請求項2によれば、めっき液が密閉された第1の槽内でアノードの背後からアノードに接触しつつ流れるので、イオン濃度が高くなり、単位時間に供給されるイオン量を多くでき、めっき速度が向上する。
請求項3によれば、噴き出しユニットを配置することで、槽全体に均一な乱流状態が生成され、アノードとの接触効率がさらに高まる。
また撹拌効率が高まるので、エアレーションの必要がなく、無めっき等の不具合を解消できる。
請求項4によれば、径、長さ、本数や配置を被めっき物の性状に合わせて変更した種種のノズルを選択して装着できて好適である。
請求項5によれば、カソードに到達する電気力線が平行に近くなり、均一なめっき皮膜を得ることができる。ブラインドビア内のめっきにも有効である。
またそれだけ装置の小型化も図れる。
また請求項6によれば、電気力線が蛇行し、電気力線の経路を長くすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
図1はカバーを取り去った状態のめっき槽の平面図であり、図2は、ノズルの正面図であり、図3は、噴き出しユニットの正面図であり、図4は、拡散二重層の説明図であり、図5は、筒体による電気力線の回り込み抑止効果を示す説明図であり、図6第1の槽の正面図であり、図7は、第1の槽の平面図であり、図8は、第1の槽の側面図であり、図9は、実施形態における第1の槽の正面図であり、図10は、図9の平面図であり、図11は、図9の側面図であり、図12は、さらに他の実施形態における第1の槽の正面図であり、図13は、図12の平面図であり、図14は、図12の側面図であり、図15は、またさらに他の実施形態における第1の槽の正面図であり、図16であり、図15の平面図であり、図17は、図15の側面図であり、図18は、被めっき物のめっき厚測定個所を示す説明図であり、図19は、さらに他の実施形態を示すめっき槽の平面図であり、図20は、遮蔽ユニットの正面図であり、図21は、遮蔽ユニットの棒状体の配列を示す説明図であり、図22は、電気力線の蛇行状態を示す説明図であり、図23は、従来の一般的な電解めっき槽の説明図であり、図24は、遮蔽板の正面図であり、図25は、エアレーションパイプを設けた状態の説明図であり、図26は、噴流式めっき装置の説明図であり、図27は、遮蔽板を用いた場合の電気力線の回り込み状態を示す説明図である。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an electrolytic plating tank, and more particularly, to an electrolytic plating tank capable of performing plating with a uniform thickness and controlling the plating thickness.
BACKGROUND ART FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing the most common plating tank 10.
12 is an anode and 13 is a cathode. The plating solution is circulated and filtered by a circulating filter (not shown). Reference numeral 14 denotes a plating solution outlet, to which the plating solution is supplied in the direction of the arrow. A shielding plate 15 may be inserted between the anode 12 and the cathode 13. The shielding plate 15 is provided with a large number of through holes 16 (black circles in the figure) as shown in FIG.
For agitating the plating solution, as shown in FIG. 25, an aeration pipe 17 is provided at a lower portion in the tank.
FIG. 26 shows another type of apparatus, a jet plating apparatus.
In the case of this plating apparatus, the plating solution is ejected from a plating solution ejection pipe 18 provided in a vertical direction toward the object to be plated held on the cathode 13 so that the object to be plated is plated. The anode (not shown) is formed in a net shape or a ring shape, and is attached inside the tip of the jet pipe 18. This jet plating apparatus is of an open system, that is, jets a plating solution into the air.
In the case of the electrolytic plating tank shown in FIG. 23, the plating solution flows upward along the side wall of the plating tank, and flows from behind the anode 12 toward the center of the tank 10. However, the speed of the flow of the plating solution to the object to be plated is small, and the flow of the solution is not uniform, so that there is a problem that the plating thickness tends to be uneven. For this purpose, aeration is often performed as shown in FIG. 25. However, since the liquid pressure is different, the situation is different between the upper part and the lower part of the tank, and uniform stirring cannot be performed. There is a problem that can not be obtained. In addition, air easily accumulates in the concave portions of the plating object, and problems such as no plating occur.
In addition, when the shielding plate 15 as shown in FIG. 24 is used, since the opening ratio is about 20%, there is a problem that the flow resistance of the solution is large, and the plating speed and the plating efficiency are reduced. Further, the purpose of using the shielding plate 15 is to control the lines of electric force. However, as shown in FIG. 27, the sneaking of the lines of electric force to the back side of the shielding plate 15 cannot always be avoided, and a sufficient shielding effect cannot be obtained. . If the diameter of the through-hole 16 is reduced, the wraparound of the lines of electric force can be avoided, but the plating efficiency is significantly reduced.
Also, in the case of the jet plating apparatus shown in FIG. 26, since it is an open system, a shielding plate cannot be used, and it is difficult to control the film thickness. Furthermore, it is suitable for partial plating, but is not suitable for plating a large area.
Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electrolytic plating tank capable of plating with a uniform thickness and controlling the plating thickness.
Furthermore, the present invention is capable of controlling the lines of electric force, is capable of performing plating of a uniform thickness, and provides an electrolytic plating tank capable of reducing the size of the apparatus. The electrolytic plating tank according to the present invention includes a first tank in which an anode is disposed and sealed, and a second tank provided adjacent to the first tank and having a cathode disposed therein. A pump for pumping the plating solution to the first tank, and a cylinder provided on a partition wall between the first tank and the second tank and having a parallel number of required lengths, A nozzle for feeding the plating solution sent to the first tank through the cylindrical body to the second tank to generate a liquid flow in the plating solution in the second tank.
Since the plating solution is fed into the second tank from a large number of cylinders, it is possible to prevent the electric flux lines from wrapping around, and to obtain a plating film having a uniform thickness.
Also, the plating thickness can be controlled by changing the diameter, length, number, arrangement, and the like of the cylindrical bodies.
Further, the anode has a structure in which a plating solution can flow from one surface facing the opposite wall surface of the first tank facing the partition wall to the other surface opposite to the one surface. It is preferable that the plating solution is formed and the plating solution is sent between the opposed wall surface and the anode by the pump.
This allows the plating solution to flow from behind the anode in contact with the anode in the sealed first tank, so that the ion concentration is increased, the amount of ions supplied per unit time can be increased, and the plating rate is improved. .
Further, an ejection unit into which a plating solution is sent from the pump is disposed between the opposed wall surface and the anode, and the ejection unit includes a plurality of ejection pipes. It is characterized in that a number of small holes ejecting toward the opposed wall surface are provided.
By arranging such a blowing unit, a uniform turbulent state is generated in the entire tank, and the efficiency of contact with the anode is further increased.
Further, since the stirring efficiency is increased, aeration is not required, and problems such as no plating can be solved.
It is preferable that a partition wall provided with the nozzle be provided detachably.
Thereby, various types of nozzles whose diameter, length, number and arrangement are changed according to the properties of the object to be plated can be selected and mounted, which is suitable.
Further, the electrolytic plating tank according to the present invention has a plurality of rods between the anode and the cathode, and the lines of electric force pass between the rods, whereby the lines of electric force are bent, and thus the electric force It is characterized in that shielding means for lengthening the line path is provided.
As a result, the lines of electric force reaching the cathode become nearly parallel, and a uniform plating film can be obtained. It is also effective for plating inside blind vias.
In addition, the size of the apparatus can be reduced accordingly.
When a plurality of the rod-shaped members are provided and each rod-shaped member in each row is located between the rod-shaped members in an adjacent row, the lines of electric force meander and the path of the lines of electric force can be lengthened.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the electrolytic plating tank 20.
Reference numeral 21 denotes a sealed first tank (chamber), in which a plurality of anodes 22 extending vertically are arranged. The plating solution can flow from the gap between the adjacent anodes 22 to the front and back of the anode 22.
The anode 22 is connected by a connection bar (not shown) and is connected to a power supply device (not shown).
The first tank 21 can be hermetically closed by a lid (not shown).
A second tank 24 is provided adjacent to the first tank 21 (adjacent in the horizontal horizontal direction). A cathode 25 is arranged in the second tank 24. The cathode 25 is connected to a power supply device (not shown).
The plating solution in the second tank 24 is pumped into the first tank 21 through the pipe 27 by the circulation pump 26. The feeding flow rate is appropriately changed depending on the size of the tank.
Reference numeral 30 denotes a nozzle, which is provided on a partition wall 31 between the first tank 21 and the second tank 24, and includes a plurality of parallel cylindrical bodies 32 having a required length. With this nozzle 30, the plating solution sent to the first tank 21 is sent to the second tank 24 through the cylindrical body 32, and a liquid flow is generated in the plating solution in the second tank 24.
FIG. 2 shows an example of the arrangement of the cylindrical body 32.
Preferably, the partition wall 31 is provided detachably with respect to the tank so that it can be replaced with various nozzles 30 in which the diameter, length, number, arrangement, and the like of the cylindrical bodies 32 are changed according to the type of the object to be plated. It is.
Although the plating solution may be simply pumped into the first tank 21 by the pump 26, it is preferable that the plating solution be ejected into the first tank 21 through the ejection unit 33 as shown in FIG.
The blowout unit 33 is arranged between the anode 22 and the opposing wall surface 21 a of the first tank 21 opposing the partition wall 31.
The blowout unit 33 includes a plurality of blowout pipes 35 whose both ends are connected to a communication pipe 34. A large number of blowout pipes 35 blow the plating solution substantially vertically toward the facing wall surface 21 a. A small hole 36 is provided.
Next, the operation of the electrolytic plating tank 20 will be described.
The plating solution is vigorously jetted from the jetting unit 33 toward the opposing wall surface 21a, hits the opposing wall surface 21a and is agitated, and becomes turbulent. Since the small holes 36 of the ejection unit 33 are provided substantially uniformly distributed, the state of the liquid flow becomes almost the same everywhere, and the liquid flows between the anodes 22. As described above, since the plating solution is introduced into the second tank 24 through the cylinder 32 after passing through the gap between the anodes 22 disposed in the sealed first tank 21, the ion concentration And a uniform liquid flow, thereby improving the plating efficiency and obtaining a plating film having a uniform film pressure.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the diffusion double layer near the anode 22 surface. As shown in the figure, the positive ions are almost positive ions in the immediate vicinity of the anode 22, but the negative ions increase as the distance from the anode 22 increases. This unbalanced region of charge is called a diffusion double layer.
As the thickness of the diffusion double layer is smaller, the supply of ions becomes smoother, so that the plating rate increases and the film thickness becomes more uniform.
In the present embodiment, since the plating solution in a uniform flow state contacts the anode 22 from behind the anode 22 at a uniform and high speed and passes therethrough, the diffusion double layer is thinned, the plating efficiency is good, and the plating solution is uniform. A high film pressure can be obtained.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the plating solution passes through the cylinder 32 of the nozzle 30. By arranging the cylindrical body 32 in this manner, the lines of electric force are cut off, the degree of the lines of electric force wrapping behind the partition wall 31 is reduced, and the shielding effect is increased. Therefore, it is not necessary to forcefully reduce the opening area (diameter of the cylinder), and the shielding effect can be increased without lowering the plating efficiency.
In addition, the plating solution is supplied to the object to be plated through the cylindrical body 32 at a certain flow rate, whereby it is possible to improve the plating rate and obtain a plating film having a uniform film pressure.
FIG. 6 (front view), FIG. 7 (plan view), and FIG. 8 (side view) show an example of the arrangement and length of the cylindrical body 32. In this example, the cylindrical body 32 is arranged uniformly on the partition wall 31 and has the same length.
FIG. 9 (front view), FIG. 10 (plan view), and FIG. 11 (side view) show another example of the arrangement and length of the cylindrical body 32. In this example, the length of the cylindrical body 32 located in the central area of the partition wall 31 is made longer than the length of the peripheral cylindrical body 32. This makes it possible to increase the plating thickness at the center of the object to be plated.
FIG. 12 (front view), FIG. 13 (plan view), and FIG. 14 (side view) show still another example of the arrangement and length of the cylindrical body 32. In this example, the upper, middle, and lower cylinders 32 are set to be longer in this order. In this example, the flow rate of the plating solution near the cathode 25 (near the corner of the second tank 24) increases toward the lower side (the flow rate of the plating solution decreases on the upper side due to the liquid resistance). In the vicinity of the wall surface, a liquid flow is generated from below to above. Therefore, garbage that easily stays near the corner of the second tank 24 can be rolled up and sent to the filtration device to be removed. In general, the plating thickness on the lower side of the object to be plated tends to be thin, but according to this example, the object to be plated can be plated with a uniform thickness.
The partition wall 31 is detachably provided in the tank (for example, the partition wall 31 is drawn upward from the first tank 21), and the cylindrical body 32 shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 8, FIG. 9 to FIG. The optimal plating thickness can be obtained according to the shape and the like of the object to be plated by selecting and mounting the partition wall 31 in which the is arranged. That is, the plating thickness can be controlled.
FIGS. 15 (front view), 16 (plan view), and 17 (side view) show still another example of the nozzle 30. In this example, a shielding plate (not shown) having holes arranged in an appropriate arrangement is arranged inside the partition wall 31 so as to close the entrance of the cylindrical body 32 at a required portion (thick black circle in FIG. 15). A part of the cylinder is shown closed).
Alternatively, the hole diameter of the cylindrical body 32 can be adjusted by reducing the hole diameter of the shielding plate.
15 to 17, the plating thickness can be easily controlled.
An experimental apparatus of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was prepared, and the plating thickness was measured.
The overall size was 100 mm square in FIG. 1 and the depth was 90 mm. The position of the partition plate 31 was approximately 40 mm from the opposing wall surface. The thickness of the partition plate 31 was 2 mm, and the length of the cylindrical body 32 was 2 mm. Therefore, the substantial length of the cylindrical body 32 is 4 mm. The inner diameter of the cylinder 32 was 5 mm. The inside diameter of the ejection pipe 35 was 8 mm, and the small hole 36 was 1 mm. The pump 26 pumped 3 liters of plating solution per minute into the first tank 21. The liquid depth of the second tank 24 was 60 mm.
The composition of the plating solution is shown below.
Figure 2002079548
Example 1 in Table 1 shows the distribution of the plating thickness when electrolytic copper plating was performed with the above-mentioned composition of the plating solution. FIG. 18 shows locations where the plating thickness of the object to be plated is measured.
Figure 2002079548
In the conventional example, a completely common copper plating tank shown in FIG. 23 was used (the size of the plating tank was almost the same as that of the experimental apparatus).
As is clear from Table 1, it is understood that the plating thickness of Example 1 is more uniform than that of the conventional example.
FIG. 19 shows an electrolytic plating tank 40 of still another embodiment.
In the present embodiment, a shielding unit (shielding means) 41 capable of controlling the lines of electric force (lengthening the path of the lines of electric force) is disposed between the anode 22 and the cathode 25.
As shown in FIG. 20, the shielding unit 41 is configured by fixing a plurality of rods 43 extending in parallel in the up-down direction to connecting plates 42, 42 arranged vertically.
An example of the arrangement of the rods 43 is shown in FIG.
In this example, in a plating tank having a distance between both anodes of about 100 mm, PVC round bars 43 having a diameter of about 1 mm were arranged in a staggered manner in 15 rows on a connecting plate having a width of about 20 mm. That is, each rod 43 in each row is located between the rods 43 in an adjacent row. In the above case, the interval between the round bars 43 is about 1 mm.
By doing so, as shown in FIG. 22, the lines of electric force travel while avoiding the rod-shaped body 43, which is an insulator, so that the path of the lines of electric force becomes longer. It has been calculated by calculation that the insertion of the shielding unit 41 in the tank having the above-mentioned size increases the path of the line of electric force between the anode 22 and the cathode 25 by about 10%.
In general, the longer the distance between the electrodes or the higher the liquid resistance of the plating solution, the more the lines of electric force become parallel, and a uniform plating thickness can be obtained. However, if the distance between the electrodes is increased, the plating tank becomes larger. The solution resistance of the plating solution is regulated by the composition of the plating solution and can hardly be adjusted.
In this regard, in the present embodiment, by using the shielding unit 41, it is possible to lengthen the path of the lines of electric force in the plating tanks having the same size, and thus to obtain a uniform plating thickness. In addition, the size of the plating tank can be reduced accordingly.
In the shielding plate as shown in FIG. 24, the problem that the aperture ratio is about 20% and the resistance to the flow of the liquid is large has already been described. , The aperture ratio is substantially 100%, and the plating efficiency is hardly affected.
The results of measuring the plating thickness with the above experimental apparatus are shown in Example 2 of Table 1 above. The plating solution used was an electrolytic copper plating solution having the above composition.
As is clear from Example 2, a plating film having a more uniform thickness than the conventional example was obtained.
In the above-described embodiment, the rod-shaped body 43 of the shielding unit 41 is arranged so as to extend in the vertical direction, but may be arranged so as to extend in the horizontal direction.
Further, it is needless to say that the conditions such as the arrangement, the number, and the diameter of the rods 43 can be appropriately changed according to the plating conditions of the object to be plated.
If the shielding unit 41 is arranged in front of the nozzle 30 shown in FIG. 1 and the like, it is expected that a more uniform plating thickness can be obtained.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the plating solution is sent from a large number of cylinders to the second tank, it is possible to prevent the electric flux lines from wrapping around and obtain a plating film having a uniform thickness. it can.
Also, the plating thickness can be controlled by changing the diameter, length, number, arrangement, and the like of the cylindrical bodies.
According to the second aspect, the plating solution flows from behind the anode in contact with the anode in the sealed first tank, so that the ion concentration is increased, and the amount of ions supplied per unit time can be increased. Speed is improved.
According to the third aspect, by disposing the ejection unit, a uniform turbulent state is generated in the entire tank, and the contact efficiency with the anode is further increased.
Further, since the stirring efficiency is increased, aeration is not required, and problems such as no plating can be solved.
According to claim 4, various types of nozzles whose diameter, length, number and arrangement are changed in accordance with the properties of the object to be plated can be selected and mounted, which is preferable.
According to the fifth aspect, the lines of electric force reaching the cathode become almost parallel, and a uniform plating film can be obtained. It is also effective for plating inside blind vias.
In addition, the size of the apparatus can be reduced accordingly.
According to the sixth aspect, the lines of electric force meander, and the path of the lines of electric force can be lengthened.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a plan view of a plating tank with a cover removed, FIG. 2 is a front view of a nozzle, FIG. 3 is a front view of a blowout unit, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a diffusion double layer. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the effect of suppressing the wraparound of the lines of electric force by the cylinder, FIG. 6 is a front view of the first tank, and FIG. 7 is a plan view of the first tank. FIG. 8 is a side view of the first tank, FIG. 9 is a front view of the first tank in the embodiment, FIG. 10 is a plan view of FIG. 9, and FIG. FIG. 12 is a side view, FIG. 12 is a front view of a first tank in still another embodiment, FIG. 13 is a plan view of FIG. 12, and FIG. 14 is a side view of FIG. 15 is a front view of the first tank in still another embodiment, FIG. 16 is a plan view of FIG. 15, and FIG. 17 is a side view of FIG. FIG. 18 is an explanatory view showing a place for measuring a plating thickness of an object to be plated, FIG. 19 is a plan view of a plating tank showing still another embodiment, and FIG. 20 is a front view of a shielding unit. FIG. 21 is an explanatory view showing the arrangement of the rods of the shielding unit, FIG. 22 is an explanatory view showing a meandering state of the electric flux lines, and FIG. 23 is a conventional general electrolytic plating. FIG. 24 is an explanatory view of a tank, FIG. 24 is a front view of a shielding plate, FIG. 25 is an explanatory view of a state in which an aeration pipe is provided, and FIG. 26 is an explanatory view of a jet plating apparatus. FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the lines of electric force wrap around when a shielding plate is used.

Claims (6)

内部にアノードが配置され、かつ密閉された第1の槽と、
該第1の槽に隣接して設けられ、内部にカソードが配置された第2の槽と、
前記第1の槽にめっき液を圧送するポンプと、
前記第1の槽と第2の槽との間の仕切り壁に設けられ、平行な多数本の所要長さを有する筒体からなり、第1の槽に送り込まれためっき液を該筒体を通じて第2の槽に送り込み、第2の槽のめっき液中に液流を生じさせるノズルとを具備することを特徴とする電解めっき槽。
A first tank in which the anode is disposed and sealed,
A second tank provided adjacent to the first tank and having a cathode disposed therein;
A pump for pumping the plating solution to the first tank;
It is provided on a partition wall between the first tank and the second tank, and is composed of a large number of parallel cylinders having a required length, and the plating solution sent to the first tank is passed through the cylinder. A nozzle that feeds into the second tank and generates a liquid flow in the plating solution in the second tank.
前記アノードは、前記仕切り壁と対向する第1の槽の対向壁面に面する一方の面から、該一方の面と反対側の他方の面に向けてめっき液が通流可能な構造に形成され、
前記ポンプは、めっき液を、前記対向壁面と前記アノードとの間に送り込むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の電解めっき槽。
The anode is formed in a structure in which a plating solution can flow from one surface facing the opposite wall surface of the first tank facing the partition wall toward the other surface opposite to the one surface. ,
2. The electrolytic plating tank according to claim 1, wherein the pump sends a plating solution between the opposed wall surface and the anode.
前記対向壁面と前記アノードとの間に、前記ポンプからめっき液が送り込まれる噴き出しユニットが配置され、該噴き出しユニットは、複数本の噴出しパイプを備え、該噴き出しパイプに、めっき液を前記対向壁面に向けて噴出する多数の***が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項2記載の電解めっき槽。An ejection unit into which a plating solution is sent from the pump is disposed between the opposed wall surface and the anode, and the ejection unit includes a plurality of ejection pipes. 3. The electrolytic plating tank according to claim 2, wherein a large number of small holes are provided to squirt toward the substrate. 前記ノズルを備えた仕切り壁が着脱可能に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1、2または3記載の電解めっき槽。The electrolytic plating tank according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a partition wall provided with the nozzle is detachably provided. アノードとカソードの間に、複数本の棒状体を有し、該棒状体間を電気力線が通過することにより電気力線が曲げられ、もって電気力線の経路を長くする遮蔽手段が設けられていることを特徴とする電解めっき槽。A shielding means is provided between the anode and the cathode, which has a plurality of rods, and the lines of electric force pass between the rods to bend the lines of electric force, thereby lengthening the path of the lines of electric force. An electroplating bath characterized in that: 前記棒状体が複数列設けられ、各列の各棒状体が隣接する列の棒状体間に位置することを特徴とする請求項5記載の電解めっき槽。6. The electrolytic plating tank according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of rows of the rods are provided, and each rod in each row is located between the rods in an adjacent row.
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