JPS6389816A - Spectacles parts - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve an wearing characteristic over a wide temp. range by subjecting spectacles parts formed of a superelastic alloy to intensive working and hardening, then to a finish heat treatment for 10sec-30hr at 150-400 deg.C. CONSTITUTION:The spectacles parts are formed of the superelastic alloy and are intensively worked by plastic working and hardened to obtain the combined characteristics of work hardening type elasticity and superelasticity. The heat treatment of a low temp. is satisfactory if the alloy is treated respectively at and for the adequate temp. and time according to the kind of the superelastic alloy and the reduction ratio in a martensite state; for example, 150-400 deg.C is adequate in the case of an NiTi alloy. The heat treatment time may be short in the case of a high temp. and requires long time in the case of a low temp. Said time is adequately selected in a 10sec-30hr range. The spectacles parts obtd. in such a manner is improved in the superelastic characteristic at a low temp. and is further added with the work hardening type elasticity so as to have the superelasticity and the work hardening type elasticity in combination. The spectacles parts which are usable in a wide temp. range and provide a good fit are obtd.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は眼鏡部品の改良に関し、特に眼鏡を構成する部
品の材質を改善して特性の向上をはかるものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to the improvement of eyeglass parts, and particularly to improving the properties of the parts that constitute the eyeglasses by improving their materials.

（従来の技術） 普通眼鏡は第１図に示すようにテンプル（１）、アイリ
ム（２）、やま（３）、はこ（＋１）、あしく５）、リ
ムロック（６）、ヒンヂ（７）、わたり（８）、ねじ（
９）などの各種部品が組み合わされて形成されているも
のである。(Prior art) As shown in Figure 1, ordinary glasses have temples (1), eye rims (2), crests (3), points (+1), legs 5), rim locks (6), hinges (7), Crossing (8), screw (
It is formed by combining various parts such as 9).

これらの眼鏡部品に使用される材料はプラスチックや金
属など種々のものが用いられているが、特に最近は金属
製眼鏡がその機能の優秀さと意匠形状の目新しさなどの
ために多く使用されている。Various materials are used for these eyeglass parts, such as plastic and metal, but recently metal eyeglasses have been particularly popular due to their superior functionality and novel design. .

このような金属製眼鏡の部品を構成する金属材料として
は、洋白、Ｎｉ−０ｒ合金、ステンレス鋼、Ｔｉ等種々
のものが用いられている。はこ（４）とヒンヂ（７）を
除いた部品においては、部品の原形状の維持、部品相互
の保持や顔へのフィツトの点で弾力性が必要とされるが
、従来の材料では不十分である。Various metal materials such as nickel silver, Ni-0r alloy, stainless steel, and Ti are used as the metal materials constituting the parts of such metal eyeglasses. Elasticity is required for parts other than the frame (4) and hinge (7) in order to maintain their original shape, hold each other together, and fit onto the face, but conventional materials cannot provide this. It is enough.

また、近年この用途にＮｉ　−Ｔｉ合金などの持つ大き
なひずみ回復特性、いわゆる超弾性を利用することが提
案されている。このような超弾性合金を眼鏡部品に使用
する場合には、超弾性による数パーセントにおよぶ回復
特性と、ゴムのように一定の応力で回復する特性の両者
の特性からすぐれた特性をもたらすことが知られている
。Furthermore, in recent years, it has been proposed to utilize the large strain recovery properties, so-called superelasticity, of Ni--Ti alloys and the like for this purpose. When such a superelastic alloy is used in eyeglass parts, it can provide excellent properties due to both the recovery properties of several percent due to superelasticity and the property of recovery with a constant stress like rubber. Are known.

しかしながら超弾性合金を加工後通常の４５０℃程度で
熱処理を施した場合は第６図に示すように気温３０℃に
おいては優れた超弾性を示すが、１０℃においては超弾
性を示さなくなる。このため眼鏡を冬季の気温の低いと
きに使用すると超弾性特性を示さず非常に柔かくなって
しまい使用が困難となる。したがって眼鏡の通常の使用
温度全般にわたって使用可能な眼鏡部品の出現が望まれ
ていた。However, when a superelastic alloy is heat-treated at the usual temperature of about 450°C after processing, it exhibits excellent superelasticity at an air temperature of 30°C, but no longer exhibits superelasticity at a temperature of 10°C, as shown in FIG. For this reason, when glasses are used in winter when the temperature is low, they do not exhibit superelastic properties and become extremely soft, making them difficult to use. Therefore, it has been desired to develop eyeglass parts that can be used over the entire range of temperatures at which eyeglasses are normally used.

（発明が解決しようとする問題点） 本発明はＮｉＴｉなどの超弾性合金を用いた眼鏡部品の
低温における超弾性特性を改善し、さらに加工硬化型弾
性を付加して超弾性と加工硬化型弾性を併せ持つ、広い
温度範囲にわたって使用が可能なかつフィツト性のある
眼鏡部品を開発したものである。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention improves the superelastic properties at low temperatures of eyeglass parts using superelastic alloys such as NiTi, and further improves the superelasticity and work-hardening elasticity by adding work-hardening elasticity. We have developed eyeglass parts that can be used over a wide temperature range and have a good fit.

（問題点を解決するための手段および作用）本発明は眼
鏡フレームの部品を超弾性合金で形成し、該部品を強加
工して硬化し、これに１５０℃〜４００℃の温度で１０
秒〜３０時間の仕上げ熱処理を施してなる眼鏡部品であ
る。(Means and effects for solving the problems) The present invention forms parts of eyeglass frames from a superelastic alloy, hardens the parts by strong processing, and then hardens the parts at a temperature of 150°C to 400°C.
These eyeglass parts are subjected to finishing heat treatment for a period of seconds to 30 hours.

すなわち本発明はテンプル、アイリム、やま、ハコ、あ
し、リムロック、ヒンジ、わたり、ねじなどの眼鏡部品
をＮｉＴｉ金属間化合物を主体とする合金の他Ｃｕ　−
７ｄｌ　−Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ　−Ｚｎ　−Ｘ　（Ｘ−ｍ５ｉ、
Ｓｎ。That is, the present invention provides eyeglass parts such as temples, eye rims, mounts, boxes, legs, rim locks, hinges, crossings, screws, etc., in addition to alloys mainly composed of NiTi intermetallic compounds.
7dl-Ni, Cu-Zn-X (X-m5i,
Sn.

Ｍなど）、Ａｇ−ＣＡ、Ｃｕ　−Ａｕ　−Ｚｎ、　Ｃｕ
　−Ｓｎなどの超弾性合金で形成し、これに超弾性と加
工硬化散弾、シ 性の両者の特性を付与せしたものである。上記の超弾性
合金のうち眼鏡部品としては耐食性の良好なＮユニ１系
合金が多く用いられており、その組成としてはＮｉ５α
３〜５ＬＯａｔ％のＮ１を含有するものである。M, etc.), Ag-CA, Cu-Au-Zn, Cu
- It is made of a superelastic alloy such as Sn, and is given the characteristics of both superelasticity, work hardening shot, and resilience. Among the superelastic alloys mentioned above, the Nuni-1 series alloy, which has good corrosion resistance, is often used for eyeglass parts, and its composition is Ni5α
It contains 3 to 5 LOat% of N1.

これらの超弾性合金で眼鏡部品を形成し、該部品を加工
硬化型弾性と超弾性の組合せ特性が得られるように型性
加工により強加工して硬化させ、次に低温で形状記憶熱
処理を施すものである。Eyeglass parts are formed from these superelastic alloys, and the parts are hardened by hardening by mold processing to obtain a combination of work-hardening elasticity and superelasticity, and then shape memory heat treatment is performed at low temperatures. It is something.

上記の強加工は冷間で１０％以上の塑性加工が必要であ
り、これ未満では良好な加工硬化型特性とゴム弾性が得
られない。また低温度の熱処理温度は超弾性合金の種類
とマルテンサイト状態での加工度によって夫々適切な温
度、および時間で熱処理すればよいがＮｉＴｉ合金の場
合は１５０〜４００℃の温度が適当であり熱処理時間は
高温の場合は短時間でよく、低温の場合は長時間を要す
るが１０秒〜３０時間の範囲で適当に選択できる。The above-mentioned strong working requires a plastic working of 10% or more in the cold, and if it is less than this, good work-hardening properties and rubber elasticity cannot be obtained. In addition, the low temperature heat treatment may be performed at an appropriate temperature and time depending on the type of superelastic alloy and the degree of processing in the martensitic state, but in the case of NiTi alloys, a temperature of 150 to 400°C is appropriate. The time may be a short time when the temperature is high, and a long time is required when the temperature is low, but the time can be appropriately selected within the range of 10 seconds to 30 hours.

ここで加工硬化型弾性と超弾性について説明すると例え
ばＮｉ５α６ａｔ％残部ＴｉのＮｉＴｉ合金をＩＩ。Here, to explain work hardening elasticity and superelasticity, for example, NiTi alloy with Ni5α6at% balance Ti is II.

チの強加工を施したものの応力−歪曲線は第２図のよう
に室温２０℃において荷重９Ｋｇで４％の伸びを有する
加工硬化弾性を有するが超弾性は示さない。しかしこの
材料を本発明の例えば２５０℃の温度で１時間の仕上熱
処理を施すと第５図に示すように室温４０℃において荷
重７．５　Ｎ９で伸び４％、２０℃において荷重＆ＯＫ
４で伸び４％％　０℃において荷重５　Ｎ９で伸び４％
と、温度が低下すると共に荷重は低くなるがいずれの温
度においても超弾性と加工硬化型弾性を有するようにな
るものである。これは強加工による加工硬化型弾性が熱
処理温度が比較的に低温な次めにばね強度は弱くなるが
熱処理後においても維持されるものと考えられる。As shown in FIG. 2, the stress-strain curve of the material subjected to the strong working described above has work hardening elasticity with an elongation of 4% at a load of 9 kg at room temperature of 20° C., but does not exhibit superelasticity. However, when this material is subjected to the finishing heat treatment of the present invention at a temperature of 250°C for 1 hour, as shown in Fig. 5, the elongation is 4% under load of 7.5 N9 at room temperature of 40°C, and the elongation is 4% under load at 20°C.
4% elongation at 4% load at 0℃ 4% elongation at N9
As the temperature decreases, the load decreases, but the material exhibits superelasticity and work-hardening elasticity at any temperature. This is thought to be due to the fact that the work-hardening elasticity due to strong working is maintained even after heat treatment, although the spring strength becomes weaker as the heat treatment temperature is relatively low.

上記の熱処理における加熱方法は、眼鏡部品全体を同一
条件で加熱する時には電気炉等にて行い、眼鏡部品の部
分々を異った条件で加熱する時には通電加熱、ガス炎加
熱など局部的に加熱できる方法で行う。The heating method for the above heat treatment is to use an electric furnace etc. to heat the entire eyeglass part under the same conditions, and to heat parts of the eyeglass part under different conditions, use local heating such as electrical heating or gas flame heating. Do it any way you can.

このようにして得られ念眼鏡部品はばね特性が強い加工
硬化型弾性と超弾性特性の組合せ特性を広い温度範囲に
わたって有するものである。The removable eyeglass component thus obtained has a combination of work-hardening elasticity with strong spring characteristics and superelasticity over a wide temperature range.

（実施例） 以下に本発明の一実施例について説明する。(Example) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

実施例Ｌ Ｎ１５０．６ａｔ％残部Ｔ１のＮｉ　−Ｔｉ合金を冷間
伸線、スウエージング加工、ヘッダー加工およびプレス
成形により、第４図に示す「テンプル」の中間加プレス
成形により充分に加工硬化させて作成し、加工硬化型弾
性のバネ性を付与した。次にプレス加工、切削加工およ
び穴明加工によりヒンジ部を形成した後、該テンプル全
体を金型にて必要な形状に拘束して３００℃の電気炉中
で３０分加熱し次に耳掛部を第５図の耳掛部００のよう
な形状にわん曲せしめて、電流通電により耳掛部のみ５
００℃で３０秒間加熱して、超弾性特性を付与した。Example L A Ni-Ti alloy with N150.6 at% balance T1 was sufficiently work-hardened by cold wire drawing, swaging processing, header processing, and press forming, and by intermediate press forming of the "temple" shown in Fig. 4. It was created using a material with a work-hardened elastic spring property. Next, after forming the hinge part by pressing, cutting, and drilling, the entire temple was constrained into the required shape with a mold and heated for 30 minutes in an electric furnace at 300°C. is bent into a shape like the ear hook part 00 in Fig. 5, and only the ear hook part 5 is bent by applying current.
Superelastic properties were imparted by heating at 00° C. for 30 seconds.

この後、５℃に冷やして耳掛部のわん曲を直線にして先
端に合成樹脂製カバー（１１）を挿着してテンプルとし
た。このテンプルを２０℃において直線部を５０園φの
棒に巻付けて、放すと元の形状にもどった。Thereafter, it was cooled to 5° C., and the curve of the ear hook portion was made straight, and a synthetic resin cover (11) was inserted at the tip to form a temple. The straight part of this temple was wrapped around a rod with a diameter of 50 mm at 20°C, and when released, it returned to its original shape.

このような試験を１００回繰り返した結果ばね性は劣化
しないことが判った。After repeating this test 100 times, it was found that the spring properties did not deteriorate.

また耳掛部は３０℃に温めると元のわん曲の形状に回復
した。Furthermore, when the ear hook was heated to 30°C, it returned to its original curved shape.

実施例乙 実施例りと同じ組成のＮｉＴｉ合金を冷間伸線した５、
８順φ線を、７００℃で中間焼鈍して２．５ｍ厚さに冷
間プレス成形し、中間焼鈍して１５ｍ厚さに約４０％の
加工率で冷間プレス成形し、加工硬化型弾性のばね性を
付与した。これを金型に入れて必要な形状に拘束して３
００℃の電気炉中で３０分間加熱し、加工硬化型弾性の
ばね性を保持したまま超弾性も付与した組合せ特性を有
する第１図（３）の「やま」を作製した。Example B A NiTi alloy with the same composition as Example B was cold drawn 5.
An 8-order φ wire was intermediately annealed at 700°C and cold press formed to a thickness of 2.5m, then intermediately annealed and cold pressformed to a thickness of 15m at a processing rate of approximately 40% to obtain work hardening type elasticity. Added spring properties. Put this into a mold and constrain it to the required shape 3
The material was heated in an electric furnace at 00° C. for 30 minutes to produce the "mountain" shown in FIG. 1 (3), which has the combination of properties of retaining work-hardening elasticity and imparting superelasticity.

この「やま」を１５℃において５０瓢の丸棒に巻いて放
すと元の形状に戻った。When this ``yama'' was wrapped around a 50 gourd round stick at 15°C and released, it returned to its original shape.

この試験を１００回繰り返した結果、ばね性は劣化しな
いことが判った。As a result of repeating this test 100 times, it was found that the spring properties did not deteriorate.

実施例１ 実施例りと同じ組成のＮｉＴｉ合金を冷間伸線、冷間異
形ロール加工により仕上げ加工率を１＋０％としてＬＺ
ＸＬ８ｍの異形線を作製し、所定の寸法に切断し金型に
より必要な形状に拘束して２５０℃の電気炉中で１時間
加熱して、加工硬化型弾性のばね性を保持したまま超弾
性も付与した組合せ特性を有する第１図（８）に示す「
わたり」を作製した。この「わたり」を１０℃において
５０ｍの丸棒に巻いて放すと元の形状に戻った。このよ
うな試験を１００回繰り返した結果、ばね性は劣化しな
いことが判った。Example 1 A NiTi alloy with the same composition as in Example was cold wire drawn and cold deformed roll processed into LZ with a finishing rate of 1+0%.
A wire of XL8m was made, cut into the specified dimensions, restrained in the required shape by a mold, and heated in an electric furnace at 250°C for 1 hour to make it superelastic while retaining the springiness of work-hardened elasticity. "
"Watari" was created. When this "watari" was wound around a 50 m round bar at 10°C and released, it returned to its original shape. As a result of repeating this test 100 times, it was found that the spring properties did not deteriorate.

（効　果） 本発明によれば眼鏡部品に加工硬化型弾性と超弾性特性
を眼鏡が使用される低温から高温までの実用温度範囲に
わたって付与したもので眼鏡の装着性、原形状の維持な
どに優れた効果を発揮するものである。(Effects) According to the present invention, work-hardening elasticity and superelastic properties are imparted to eyeglass parts over the practical temperature range from low to high temperatures in which eyeglasses are used, which improves the wearability of eyeglasses and maintains their original shape. It exhibits excellent effects.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明の眼鏡部品を説明する眼鏡フレームの斜
視図、第２図は加工硬化型弾性の応力−歪曲線を示す図
、第５図は本発明の超弾性と加工硬化型弾性の組合せの
応力−歪曲線を示す図、第４図は本発明の眼鏡部品テン
プルの中間加工品の概略図、第５図はテンプル製品の概
略図、第６図は通常の超弾性の応力−歪曲線を示す図で
ある。 １・・・テンプル、２・・・アイリム、５・・・やま、
４・・・ハコ、５・・・あし、６・・・リムロック、７
・・・ヒンジ、８・・・わ念り、９・・・ねじ、１０・
・・耳掛部、１１・・・合成樹脂カバーFIG. 1 is a perspective view of an eyeglass frame to explain the eyeglass component of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing stress-strain curves of work-hardening elasticity, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing stress-strain curves of work-hardening elasticity and superelasticity of the invention. A diagram showing the combined stress-strain curve, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an intermediate processed product of the eyeglass component temple of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the temple product, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing normal superelastic stress-strain curves. It is a figure showing a line. 1...Temple, 2...Irim, 5...Yama,
4...box, 5...foot, 6...rimrock, 7
...Hinge, 8...Wa-nen, 9...Screw, 10.
・Ear hook part, 11...Synthetic resin cover

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 眼鏡の部品を超弾性合金で形成し、該部品を強加工して
硬化し、これに１５０℃〜４００℃の温度で１０秒〜３
０時間の仕上げ熱処理を施してなる眼鏡部品。The parts of the glasses are made of a superelastic alloy, the parts are hardened by strong processing, and then heated at a temperature of 150°C to 400°C for 10 seconds to 3
Eyeglass parts subjected to 0 hour finishing heat treatment.