JPS6353863A - Solid electrolytic fuel cell - Google Patents
Solid electrolytic fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6353863A JPS6353863A JP61196973A JP19697386A JPS6353863A JP S6353863 A JPS6353863 A JP S6353863A JP 61196973 A JP61196973 A JP 61196973A JP 19697386 A JP19697386 A JP 19697386A JP S6353863 A JPS6353863 A JP S6353863A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- chamber
- air
- fuel cell
- solid electrolytic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002087 alumina-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001166 anti-perspirative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003213 antiperspirant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002084 calcia-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002076 stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、大面、積平板型固体電解質燃料電池伊養磯に
関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a large, stacked plate type solid electrolyte fuel cell Iyoiso.
従来、固体電解質は高温で優れたイオン電導性を示すの
で、燃料電池用材料として注目されており、溶射法、化
学蒸着法などによ）゛多孔質セラミック基体管上に成膜
された固体電解質薄膜を用いだ円筒型固体電解質燃料電
池が試作されている。Conventionally, solid electrolytes have attracted attention as materials for fuel cells because they exhibit excellent ionic conductivity at high temperatures. Cylindrical solid electrolyte fuel cells using thin films have been prototyped.
ところがこの円筒型燃料電池は数多くの素子を積層する
ため、インターコネクター材料の成膜を必要とし、構造
も複数となり、量産化技術などに問題点が数多く残され
ていた。However, since this cylindrical fuel cell stacks many elements, it requires the deposition of interconnector materials, resulting in multiple structures, and many problems remain in mass production technology.
特に従来の円筒型積層型構造の燃料電池は。Especially for fuel cells with conventional cylindrical stacked structure.
インターコネクターを用いるなど多くの接点ができ、そ
こでの熱膨張係数の差による熱応力による割れなどの問
題点があった。There were many points of contact, such as the use of interconnectors, and there were problems such as cracking due to thermal stress due to differences in thermal expansion coefficients.
そこで、従来から用いられている基体管のかわりに、多
孔質セラミックス平板を基板として用いることにより、
燃料電池の改善をした。Therefore, by using a porous ceramic flat plate as a substrate instead of the conventionally used base tube,
Improved the fuel cell.
すなわち１本発明では、従来のように多数の基体管を用
いるのでなく 、 １００Ｘ１００ ｉｌｎを以上の
面積をもつ大面積平板上に、空気極。That is, in the present invention, instead of using a large number of base tubes as in the conventional case, the air electrode is placed on a large flat plate having an area of 100 x 100 in or more.
固体電解質および燃料色を成膜し、大面積燃料電池素子
を形成させ、この素子をセラミックス製などのボックス
中に直列または並列に配列接続することにより、固体電
解質燃料電池を形成させ、燃料電池構造の簡素化を計っ
た。A solid electrolyte fuel cell is formed by depositing a solid electrolyte and a fuel color to form a large-area fuel cell element, and arranging and connecting these elements in series or parallel in a box made of ceramics, etc. to form a fuel cell structure. We aimed to simplify the .
更に本発明を詳述すると、アルミナ質またはカルシミア
安定化ジルコニア質多孔質基板上に空気極、固体電解質
、燃料極を順次成膜した素子を直列もしくは平行に配列
し、基板側と基板制汗燃料極側と燃料極側とをそれぞれ
交互に向い合わせ、基板にかこまれた空間に空気を、燃
料極にかこまれた空間に燃料を送る手段を設けて、空気
は素子室側から予熱した後、穴を通して空気室に入れ、
燃料は燃料室側から穴を通して燃料室に入れた後、上記
素子室から出た上記燃料は上記空気と燃焼させて、新し
い空気や新しい燃料の予備加熱に用いるようにした固体
電解質燃料電池である。To further explain the present invention in detail, elements in which an air electrode, a solid electrolyte, and a fuel electrode are sequentially formed on a porous substrate made of alumina or calcium stabilized zirconia are arranged in series or in parallel, and the substrate side and the substrate antiperspirant fuel are arranged in series or in parallel. The electrode side and the fuel electrode side are faced alternately, and a means is provided to send air to the space surrounded by the substrate and fuel to the space surrounded by the fuel electrode, and after preheating the air from the element chamber side, into the air chamber through the hole,
In this solid electrolyte fuel cell, fuel is introduced into the fuel chamber through a hole from the fuel chamber side, and the fuel that comes out of the element chamber is combusted with the air and used for preheating new air and new fuel. .
第１図から第３図は２本発明に係わる一実施例を示す図
である。第１図は大面積平板型燃料電池素子の断面を示
す断面図で、第２図は本発明に係わる一実施例である固
体電解質燃料電池の素子室を上側から見た模形図で、
。FIGS. 1 to 3 are diagrams showing two embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of a large-area flat plate fuel cell element, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an element chamber of a solid electrolyte fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention viewed from above.
.
第３図は本発明の一実施例である固体電解質燃料電池の
構成を示す斜視図である。以下。FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the structure of a solid electrolyte fuel cell which is an embodiment of the present invention. below.
本発明により得られた一実施例である固体電解質燃料電
池の構造を図を参照して説明する。The structure of a solid electrolyte fuel cell which is an example obtained by the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
先ず、第１図に図示するように２面積１００×１００〜
５００Ｘ５００ ｍｍ”、厚さ１〜５Ｔｎｒ！ｔのアル
ミナ質又はカルシア安定化ジルコニア質の多孔質セラミ
ックス基板１上に、空気極２．固体電解質３．燃料極４
を、それぞれ厚さ１０〜１０００μｍだけ順次成膜し、
燃料電池素子５を製造した。この素子５の両端には図示
省略のリード線またはニッケルフェルトに接続して、電
流を取シ出すようにした。次に第２図に図示するよつに
、セラミックス製の素子室２１中に、上記素子５を縦に
平行に並べ。First, as shown in Figure 1, two areas of 100 x 100 ~
On a porous ceramic substrate 1 made of alumina or calcia-stabilized zirconia and having a size of 500×500 mm and a thickness of 1 to 5 Tnr!t, an air electrode 2.a solid electrolyte 3.a fuel electrode 4 were disposed.
were sequentially formed to a thickness of 10 to 1000 μm, respectively,
A fuel cell element 5 was manufactured. Both ends of this element 5 were connected to lead wires or nickel felt (not shown) to extract current. Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the elements 5 are arranged vertically in parallel in a ceramic element chamber 21.
え
一対の上記基板１と基板１とて燃料極４と燃料極４←＋
とを向い合わせた。第２図
中、一対の基板１と基板′１とにかこまれた空間が空気
室８で、一対の燃料極４と燃料極４とにかこまれた空間
が燃料室９である。A pair of the above substrates 1 and 1 are connected to the fuel electrode 4 and the fuel electrode 4←+
We faced each other. In FIG. 2, the space surrounded by the pair of substrates 1 and 1 is the air chamber 8, and the space surrounded by the pair of fuel electrodes 4 and the fuel electrode 4 is the fuel chamber 9.
空気は空気室８の下にある穴１２がら空気室８へ送られ
、燃料は燃料室９の横側にある穴１０．１１から燃料室
９へ送られる。燃料および空気は発電に使用された後、
それぞれ。Air is conveyed into the air chamber 8 through holes 12 below the air chamber 8, and fuel is conveyed into the fuel chamber 9 through holes 10.11 on the side of the fuel chamber 9. After the fuel and air are used to generate electricity,
Each.
燃料室９または空気室８の天井隔壁６の小さな穴１１．
１２から出て２図示省略の燃料室で燃焼し、その熱は燃
料および空気の予備加熱に用いられる。このようにして
新しい型の固体電解質燃料電池が形成された。電流は各
素子５の両端から図示省略のニッケルフェルトまたはリ
ード線に接続し、素子室２１外へシ出した。第２図中、
７はセラミックス製隔壁を示す。なお、基板１上に燃料
極４．固体電解質３．空気極２の順に成膜した場合。A small hole 11 in the ceiling bulkhead 6 of the fuel chamber 9 or air chamber 8.
12 and is burned in a fuel chamber 2 (not shown), and the heat is used for preheating the fuel and air. A new type of solid electrolyte fuel cell was thus formed. The current was connected to nickel felt or lead wires (not shown) from both ends of each element 5, and was conducted out of the element chamber 21. In Figure 2,
7 indicates a ceramic partition wall. Note that a fuel electrode 4. is provided on the substrate 1. Solid electrolyte 3. When the films are formed in the order of air electrode 2.
基板１中での生成した水の拡散が発電効率に影響するの
で、第１図に示したような素子５の構成とした。また本
発明の他実施例として。Since the diffusion of generated water in the substrate 1 affects the power generation efficiency, the element 5 was configured as shown in FIG. 1. Also, as another embodiment of the present invention.
第１図と同様な構成により１面積１５０ Ｘ １５０２
１１１！、厚さ２１ｎ２Ｉ！の多孔質アルミナ基板１上
に。With the same configuration as in Figure 1, one area is 150 x 1502
111! , thickness 21n2I! on a porous alumina substrate 1.
空気極２としてＬａＣｏ０．を約３００ｔｔｍｐ固体電
解質３としてＺｒＯ，−１２％￥２０．を約１００μｍ
、燃料極４としてＮｉ−ＺｒＯ２サーメットを約３００
μｍ成膜し、素子５を製造した。この素子５を第２図に
示したように配列し、燃料電池を組みあげた。次に本発
明で実施した固体電解質燃料電池の構成を第３図を参照
して説明する。燃料ガスは排ガスと熱交換した後。As the air electrode 2, LaCo0. About 300 ttmp solid electrolyte 3 as ZrO, -12% ¥20. about 100μm
, about 300% Ni-ZrO2 cermet was used as the fuel electrode 4.
A film of μm was formed, and element 5 was manufactured. The elements 5 were arranged as shown in FIG. 2, and a fuel cell was assembled. Next, the structure of the solid electrolyte fuel cell implemented in the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. After the fuel gas exchanges heat with the exhaust gas.
バ
燃料予備加熱室１４に入り、隔壁６０暴１１を通して燃
料室９に入る。空気は同じく排ガそこで素宇ゐ基板１側
に空気が、燃料極４側に燃料ガスが流れ、燃料電池が作
動する。使、２−
用済みの燃料は燃料室の天井隔壁の穴１８から燃焼室に
入り、空気は空気室８天井＄１６の穴１９から燃焼室に
入り、そこで燃料を燃焼させる。排ガスは空気および熱
料と熱交換をして排出させる。電池は各素子５の両端か
ら図示省略のリード線によシ取シ出し。The fuel enters the fuel preheating chamber 14 and enters the fuel chamber 9 through the partition wall 60 and the fuel chamber 11. Similarly, air flows to the exhaust gas, where air flows to the substrate 1 side and fuel gas flows to the fuel electrode 4 side, and the fuel cell operates. Use, 2- Spent fuel enters the combustion chamber through the hole 18 in the ceiling bulkhead of the fuel chamber, and air enters the combustion chamber through the hole 19 in the ceiling $16 of the air chamber 8, where the fuel is combusted. Exhaust gas exchanges heat with air and heating charge and is discharged. The battery is taken out from both ends of each element 5 by lead wires (not shown).
直列に接続して電力を取り出した。第３図中。Connected in series to extract power. In Figure 3.
１５はセラミックス製隔壁を示す。15 indicates a ceramic partition wall.
大面積平板型燃料電池を試作することにより、従来の円
筒型燃料電池に比較して、構造や素子製造工程が簡単と
なり、製造コストの低減に効果があった。このように本
発明による新しい型の固体電解質燃料電池は、利用価値
が高い等産業の発達に寄与するところが大きい。また、
従来の如く積層構造素子を用いていないことにより、電
池内部抵抗の低減や熱応力の減少による電池長寿命化に
有用である。Prototyping a large-area flat plate fuel cell made the structure and element manufacturing process simpler than conventional cylindrical fuel cells, and was effective in reducing manufacturing costs. As described above, the new type of solid electrolyte fuel cell according to the present invention has high utility value and greatly contributes to the development of industry. Also,
By not using a laminated structure element as in the past, it is useful for extending the life of the battery by reducing internal resistance of the battery and reducing thermal stress.
第１図から第３図は２本発明に係わる一実施例を示す図
である。第１図は、大面積平板型燃料電池素子の断面を
示す断面図で、第２図は２本発明に係わる一実施例であ
る固体電解質燃料電池の素子室を上側から見た模式図で
、第３図は２本発明の一実施例である固体電解質燃料電
池の構成を示す斜視図である。
１・・・多孔質セラミックス（多孔質アルミナ）基板、
２・・・空気極（薄膜）、３・・・固体電解質（薄膜）
、４・・・燃料極（薄膜）、５・・・空気ジ。
固体電解質、燃料極からなる燃料電池（薄膜）素子、６
・・・素子質と燃料予備加熱室の隔壁。
７・・・セラミックス製隔壁、８・・空気室、９・・・
燃料室、１０．１１・・・燃料導入のための穴。
１２・・・空気導入のための穴、１３・・空気予備加熱
室、１４・・・燃料予備加熱室、１５・・・セラミック
ス製隔壁、１６・・・素子室の天井（素子室と燃料室の
隔壁）、１７・・・空気予熱室と素子室の隔壁、１８・
・・燃料流出用の穴、１９・・・空気流出用の穴。FIGS. 1 to 3 are diagrams showing two embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the cross section of a large-area flat plate fuel cell element, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the element chamber of a solid electrolyte fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention viewed from above. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the structure of a solid electrolyte fuel cell which is an embodiment of the present invention. 1... Porous ceramic (porous alumina) substrate,
2... Air electrode (thin film), 3... Solid electrolyte (thin film)
, 4...Fuel electrode (thin film), 5...Air di. Fuel cell (thin film) element consisting of solid electrolyte and fuel electrode, 6
...Partition between element material and fuel preheating chamber. 7... Ceramic partition wall, 8... Air chamber, 9...
Fuel chamber, 10.11... Hole for fuel introduction. 12... Hole for introducing air, 13... Air preheating chamber, 14... Fuel preheating chamber, 15... Ceramic partition wall, 16... Ceiling of element chamber (element chamber and fuel chamber) partition wall), 17... partition wall between the air preheating chamber and the element chamber, 18.
... Hole for fuel outflow, 19... Hole for air outflow.
Claims (1)
質薄膜からなる燃料電池素子が、ボックス中に直列もし
くは平行に配列接続されてなることを特徴とする固体電
解質燃料電池。A solid electrolyte fuel cell characterized in that fuel cell elements each consisting of a solid electrolyte thin film formed on a large-area porous ceramic substrate are arranged and connected in series or in parallel in a box.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61196973A JPS6353863A (en) | 1986-08-22 | 1986-08-22 | Solid electrolytic fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61196973A JPS6353863A (en) | 1986-08-22 | 1986-08-22 | Solid electrolytic fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6353863A true JPS6353863A (en) | 1988-03-08 |
Family
ID=16366724
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61196973A Pending JPS6353863A (en) | 1986-08-22 | 1986-08-22 | Solid electrolytic fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6353863A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0414270A2 (en) * | 1989-08-24 | 1991-02-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha | Fuel cell utilizing solidous electrolyte |
| WO1996008052A1 (en) * | 1994-09-03 | 1996-03-14 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Solid electrolyte, high temperature fuel cell arrangement |
-
1986
- 1986-08-22 JP JP61196973A patent/JPS6353863A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0414270A2 (en) * | 1989-08-24 | 1991-02-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha | Fuel cell utilizing solidous electrolyte |
| US5151334A (en) * | 1989-08-24 | 1992-09-29 | Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha | Fuel cell utilizing solidous electrolyte |
| WO1996008052A1 (en) * | 1994-09-03 | 1996-03-14 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Solid electrolyte, high temperature fuel cell arrangement |
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