JPS6339508A - Bud cut young rice plant - Google Patents

Bud cut young rice plant

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Publication number
JPS6339508A
JPS6339508A JP18237886A JP18237886A JPS6339508A JP S6339508 A JPS6339508 A JP S6339508A JP 18237886 A JP18237886 A JP 18237886A JP 18237886 A JP18237886 A JP 18237886A JP S6339508 A JPS6339508 A JP S6339508A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
rice
seedlings
bud
seedling
cut
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP18237886A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
一色 重夫
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to JP18237886A priority Critical patent/JPS6339508A/en
Publication of JPS6339508A publication Critical patent/JPS6339508A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。
(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 イ 発明の目的 水稲栽培における機械化を一歩でも前進さすことが本発
明の目的である。水稲作の機械化のなかで、最も立遅れ
になっているのが植付作業である。さて、今日の田植機
に使用する箱面の育苗原理は、次の記述の通り、私の考
案によるものである。明治以降続いた水稲手植栽培にお
ける煩雑作業を改善するため、幾多の田植機が研究され
たのである。昭和25年頃まで、これら田植機はいずれ
も失敗に終った。これらの失敗理由を追求してみると、
苗代で育苗した苗を田植機へかける方式を採用したこと
が誤りであった。そこで私は1発想の大転換をして、田
植機にかけ易い苗の育苗方式の必要性を痛感し、この点
に着目したのであった。同時に私は、最低極限の研究に
手を染めていて、1株の苗を育てるに必要な土の最低極
限は1立方センチであることを確認していたのであった
。この極限を、そのまま育苗に展開すると、本田10a
に必要な苗i11!、000株(当時の計算では坪60
株当り300坪分)の苗量は、わずか2平方メートル以
内の面積で育t?1できることになる。これであれば、
機械にかけ易い箱面が可能であると推断をした。そこで
、私は切取画用の弁当箱型育面器と団塊鉢付苗用の蜂巣
型育苗器とを考案しtらこれら育m器の試作を数年かけ
て2〜5の会社と交渉し、結局は三菱樹脂の長浜工場の
手を煩わすことになった。蜂巣型育苗器は、長浜工場の
製作が不能のために、三菱系の名古屋型にあるモンサン
ド工場で数年後に試作をみたのである。この間、幾年か
を費して、箱苗の研究をしたのであるが、次のような欠
点を認めたのである。箱?lITは稚1lIItまたは
中面として使用するのであるが、その種籾中の養分はほ
とんど消費し尽している、その上に苗自身の力はいまだ
に強化されていない、言わば最も弱化された時期に移植
されることになる。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] A. Purpose of the Invention The purpose of the present invention is to advance the mechanization of rice cultivation even one step further. Among the mechanization of wet rice cultivation, the one that has lagged behind the most is the planting process. Now, the principle of raising seedlings on the box surface used in today's rice transplanters is my invention, as described below. Numerous rice transplanters were researched in order to improve the complicated work involved in hand-planted rice cultivation that had continued since the Meiji era. Until around 1950, all of these rice transplanters ended in failure. When we investigate the reasons for these failures, we find that
The mistake was to adopt a method in which seedlings grown in a nursery were run through a rice transplanter. Therefore, I made a major change in my thinking and realized the need for a method of raising seedlings that was easy to use in a rice transplanter, and focused on this point. At the same time, I was researching the minimum limit and had confirmed that the minimum amount of soil required to grow one seedling was 1 cubic centimeter. If this limit is applied directly to seedling raising, Honda 10a
Seedlings i11 needed for! , 000 shares (according to the calculation at the time, 60 tsubo
The amount of seedlings (300 tsubo per plant) can be grown in an area of only 2 square meters. 1 will be possible. If this is the case,
It was concluded that a box surface that is easy to machine is possible. Therefore, I devised a bento box-shaped nursery for cutting pictures and a honeycomb-shaped seedling nursery for potted seedlings, and spent several years negotiating with 2 to 5 companies to produce prototypes of these nursery machines. In the end, Mitsubishi Plastics' Nagahama factory had to deal with the problem. Because the Nagahama factory was unable to manufacture the honeycomb-shaped seedling nursery, a prototype was produced a few years later at the Mitsubishi-affiliated Monsando factory in Nagoya. During this time, I spent several years researching boxed seedlings, and discovered the following shortcomings. box? LIT is used as a young seedling or middle layer, but the nutrients in the seed rice have been almost completely consumed, and on top of that, the power of the seedling itself has not yet been strengthened, so it is transplanted when it is at its weakest. will be done.

また箱?ηの脊面環境をみると、無風で日照少くて、そ
の箱苗の葉は広くて一見強健にみえるが、その実抵抗力
弱く故障をきたし易い。
Another box? Looking at the spinal environment of η, there is no wind and little sunlight, and although the leaves of box seedlings are wide and appear to be strong at first glance, they actually have weak resistance and are prone to failure.

、二の欠点を重視した私は、箱面使用(こよる[’Il
植機の開発に反対し続けたのであった。しかし、この基
本的不合理にもかかわらず、各種農薬の保護とか、育苗
施設設備の改善等(こよって、箱苗[口植機栽培は急激
な普及をみることになった。だが今日の実状においては
、箱苗の育苗に相当の労費を必要とし、苗としてもなお
十分とは言えない。生産米昏こは乳白米を混じるように
なり、時々不慮の不作も生じている。
, I focused on the second drawback, so I decided to use the box surface (Koyoru ['Il
He continued to oppose the development of planters. However, despite this basic irrationality, protection of various pesticides, improvement of seedling raising facility equipment, etc. (Thus, box seedling cultivation (mouth transplanter cultivation) has rapidly become popular. However, the current situation is In Japan, a considerable amount of labor is required to raise seedlings in boxes, and it cannot be said that they are sufficient even for seedlings.The rice produced is now mixed with milky white rice, and sometimes unexpected crop failures occur.

私の学んだ種苗学や経験上の知識からは、種子の貯蔵養
分を消費し尽し、いまだ体力強化のできていない箱(t
rよりは、貯蔵養分が保持されて(・る種籾の方が、種
苗としてfa秀であると推断をしたのである。しかるに
、酸素補給剤のカルバ−で被覆をした催芽籾を直播して
実際の試作をしてみると、低温深水泥水等の悪条件に対
し弱いことが明白(こなった。
From what I have learned about seed science and from my experience, I believe that the seeds have exhausted their stored nutrients and have not yet been able to strengthen their physical strength.
It was concluded that seed rice with stored nutrients is retained and has better faiability as a seedling than rice seedlings with R. When we tried making a prototype, it became clear that it was vulnerable to adverse conditions such as low-temperature deep water mud.

この欠点を補う手段として、気温の」1昇をまって行う
晩期直播が採用されることになっている。ここで、私は
このやや遅い直播稲作を改善し、約半月早い時期即ち従
前の水1′11代時代の早期に行う、直播稲作のための
種苗を研究した。その理由は、8月の高温多照を、水稲
の稔実に有効に活用するためと、台風の被害を軽くする
ためである。以上の目的のために開発したのが、本発明
の両芽切籾苗である。
As a means to compensate for this drawback, late-season direct sowing, which waits for the temperature to rise by 1,000 yen, will be adopted. Here, I researched seeds and seedlings for direct-seeded rice cultivation, which can be improved on this rather late direct-seeded rice cultivation, and be carried out about half a month earlier, that is, earlier than the conventional water 1'11 generation period. The reason for this is to make effective use of the high temperature and sunshine in August to increase the fertility of paddy rice, and to reduce the damage caused by typhoons. The double-bud cut rice seedlings of the present invention were developed for the above purpose.

この早期直播をこ成功すれば、晩期直播並びをこ暖地の
直播は、より容易により安全になって、極めて有利にな
ることは、当然の帰結である。
If this early direct sowing is successful, it is a natural consequence that late-season direct sowing and direct sowing in warm regions will become easier, safer, and extremely advantageous.

口 発明の構成 種苗掌上からみて、胚の幼芽が発芽し胚の幼根が発根し
たものは、種籾と称するよりは苗として取扱うべきもの
である。たとえ、それらの発芽や発根が最小極限である
芽切(l mm程度の最小のものを芽切と称することに
した)であっても、さらにまた育苗期間が2−5日と言
う最短であったとしても、苗であることに変りはない。
Components of the Invention Seeds and Seedlings When viewed from the palm of the hand, a seedling with germinated embryonic buds and rooting of the embryonic radicle should be treated as a seedling rather than as a seedling. Even if germination and rooting are at the minimum limit (I decided to call the smallest one of about 1 mm), the seedling raising period is the shortest, 2 to 5 days. Even if there were, it would still be a seedling.

しかも、この苗には種籾の貯蔵養分の大部分を残存保持
している。故に、これらの特別の状態を配慮して、これ
を籾苗と称することにした、即ち両芽切籾苗である。
Moreover, these seedlings retain most of the stored nutrients of the seed rice. Therefore, taking these special conditions into consideration, we have decided to call these rice seedlings, that is, double-bud-cut rice seedlings.

種籾を浸種して催芽することは、従前から行われていた
ことである。この場合の催芽は、はと胸程度としCきた
。たまに幼芽の発芽したものがあったけれども、これは
単に偶発的なものに過ぎなかった。種籾の幼芽の発芽と
幼根の発根(通俗では、これも発芽と称している)との
両者を同時にそろえることと、しかもこれらの最小の状
態である芽切にすることとの2点を育苗の必要条件とし
たものは、今日までの水稲育苗論においては全くなく本
発明が最初のものである。発芽発根を最小の芽切にした
のは、伸ばせばそれだけ貯蔵養分を無為に消費すること
になるからである。また長く伸びた芽や根は、酸素補給
剤の被覆作業に支障をきたして不利になる。催芽籾や幼
芽のみの発芽籾並びに幼根のみの発根籾等+L両芽切籾
苗に比べ抵抗力弱く、低温深水泥水等の悪条件下での生
育が不良である。以上のような理由によって、両芽切を
同時にすることが、肝要なのである。
Germinating seeds by soaking them has been practiced for a long time. In this case, the germination was about the size of a pigeon's chest. Occasionally, some young buds germinated, but this was only incidental. There are two points: germinating the young buds of the seed rice and rooting the radicle (commonly, this is also called germination) at the same time, and cutting the buds, which is the minimum state of both. The present invention is the first in the theory of paddy rice seedling raising to date that does not consider this as a necessary condition for raising seedlings. The reason why we minimized bud cutting for germination and rooting is because the longer the buds grow, the more stored nutrients will be wasted. Also, long buds and roots can be a disadvantage as they interfere with the coating process with oxygen supplements. It has weaker resistance than seedlings with both sprouts, such as sprouted paddy, sprouted paddy with only young buds, and rooted paddy with only radicles, and has poor growth under adverse conditions such as low-temperature deep water and muddy water. For the reasons mentioned above, it is important to cut both buds at the same time.

元来種籾は、酸素不足の水中では幼芽の発芽から先に生
長し、酸素の豊富な状態では幼根の発根から先に生長す
るのである。故に幼芽幼根の両芽切を同時に実現するた
めには、浸種をして幼芽の芽切をした時期をみはからい
、籾袋を水中から引上げ空気にさらして酸素の供給を十
分にする。この水中からの引上げによって、水切り時に
は広げて、一方では幼芽の生長を停止し他方では幼根の
芽切を促進するのである。この籾袋の引上げの期間を含
めた浸種期間は、従前の5−6日から延びて9−10日
となることも多い。また同じ理由で、風呂浸しの回数も
従前の1回から増加してう回となることもある。要は、
あくまで両芽切同時実現の一点に力点をおいて、手をつ
くして遂行すべきものである。両芽切をそろえる場合に
順序を逆にして、先に幼根の芽切をしてから、その後で
幼芽の芽切をする方法は、作業が困難になるばかりでな
く、両芽切がそろわない。
Originally, seed rice grows first from the germination of young shoots in oxygen-deficient water, and from the germination of radicles in oxygen-rich conditions. Therefore, in order to simultaneously cut both young shoots and radicles, consider the timing of soaking the seeds and cutting the young shoots, and then lift the paddy bag out of the water and expose it to air to ensure a sufficient supply of oxygen. . This lifting out of the water causes them to spread out during draining, stopping the growth of young shoots on the one hand and promoting bud cutting of the radicle on the other hand. The sowing period, including the period for pulling up the rice bags, is often extended to 9-10 days, compared to the previous 5-6 days. Also, for the same reason, the number of baths may be increased from once before. In short,
We must put our emphasis on achieving both goals at the same time and do everything in our power to accomplish them. When cutting both buds in the same order, reversing the order and cutting the radicle first and then the young bud will not only make the work more difficult, but also cause the cutting of both buds to be difficult. They don't match.

次に、両芽切籾苗の実際上の使用法について記述する。Next, the practical use of rice seedlings with both buds cut will be described.

水田の現況は、籾苗の生育にとって最適とは言い難く、
悪条件が多い。これらの悪条件から守るために、市販の
酸素補給剤カルパーの被覆をする、即ちカルバ−両芽切
籾苗と言うことになる。これが、両芽切籾苗の使用上に
おける常態である。
The current conditions of rice fields are far from optimal for growing paddy seedlings.
There are many bad conditions. In order to protect them from these adverse conditions, the rice seedlings are coated with a commercially available oxygen supplement, Culper, which is referred to as Culver double-bud cut rice seedlings. This is the normal condition when using double-bud cut rice seedlings.

ハ 本発明の効果 本発明の効果を、まず箱面と比較した場合について記述
する。両芽切籾面の直播機栽培が箱面の田植機栽培に比
べ、同等以上の成績があげられるならば、前者の両芽切
籾苗の方が箱面育成の多大の労費を省略しえて、優るこ
とは当然である。実地栽培の結果は次の通り良好である
。伊吹山の北側に降り積った雪、この雪どけ水の低水温
の地域で、4月下旬という比較的早期をこ、コシヒカリ
のカルバ−両芽切籾苗を直播し、これを9月中旬と言う
適期に収穫し農協の第一回集荷に出荷した。収量は、1
0a当り平年作で約8,5俵豊年作で約9.5俵であっ
て、この地域の箱面田植機栽培の成績に比べやや良好で
あった。また、その米質については、乳白米の混入なく
、連年1等級で検査に合格していて、箱面の成績よりも
優秀であった。次に両芽切籾苗の、本田における生育形
態を二ついて付記する。本田の生育状態を一目見れば判
明するように、分けつ茎の斜上へ分散配列する構成が自
然的で最良である。また、種根の配列並びに生長は、苗
の移植によって大混乱に陥るのであるが、両芽切籾苗は
直播であるので最も自然的な形のままで配列し生長を続
行するのである。これらの茎根の正常配列と生長のこと
が、水稲の健全成長に連らなり、安定多収を確保するこ
とに結びつくものと考えられる。これと反対に、箱面の
場合には、その茎根の配列が混乱し過密となり、その生
育そのものを全身衰弱の様相に陥しいれ、乳白米を生じ
たり不作現泉をおこすことになるものと推察される。次
に種苗の取扱輸送上の効果について述べる。
C. Effects of the present invention The effects of the present invention will first be described in comparison with the box surface. If direct sowing machine cultivation with double-bud cut rice seedlings yields the same or better results than rice transplanter cultivation with box-side rice transplanters, then the former double-bud cut rice seedling cultivation eliminates the large labor cost of box-side cultivation. Of course, it is better than that. The results of field cultivation are good as shown below. In an area where the snow has fallen on the north side of Mt. Ibuki and the water temperature of the melted snow is low, Koshihikari cultivar-ryobud-cut rice seedlings are directly sown relatively early in late April, and then grown in mid-September. They were harvested at the appropriate time and shipped to the agricultural cooperative for their first collection. The yield is 1
In a normal year, about 8.5 bales were produced per 0a, and in a good year, about 9.5 bales were produced, which was slightly better than the results of box-sided rice transplanter cultivation in this area. Regarding the quality of the rice, there was no milky white rice mixed in, and it had passed the inspection with a first grade every year, which was better than the results shown on the box. Next, we will add two growth patterns of double-bud-cut rice seedlings in Honda. As you can see from a quick look at Honda's growth conditions, the best and most natural arrangement is to arrange the plants in an upwardly distributed arrangement on the tillers. In addition, the arrangement and growth of seed roots are disrupted by transplanting seedlings, but since double-bud cut rice seedlings are sown directly, they are arranged in the most natural form and continue to grow. It is thought that the normal arrangement and growth of these stems and roots leads to the healthy growth of paddy rice and ensures stable and high yields. On the other hand, in the case of box-faced rice, the arrangement of its stems and roots becomes confused and overcrowded, causing its growth itself to become weakened, resulting in milky white rice and poor harvests. It is assumed that. Next, we will discuss the effects on handling and transporting seeds and seedlings.

水稲育苗センターで育成され売出された箱面は、架つき
小型トラックで輸送され、これを苗代等で緑化を数日行
って、その後本田へ運ばれるのである。これらが実に煩
雑型、労働である。田植の後は大箱洗いの煩わしさもあ
る。
The boxed rice grown and sold at the rice seedling center is transported on a small truck with a rack, where it is greened for several days using seedlings, etc., and then transported to Honda. These are truly complicated types of labor. After rice planting, there is also the hassle of washing the big boxes.

これに対し、カルバ−両芽切籾苗は網袋に入れて本田へ
運搬すればよく、取扱量も少くて簡単便利である。これ
は、育苗センターから出荷する場合にも同様である。カ
ルバ−両芽切籾苗の発芽力の保有期間は、温度の高低に
よって異なるけれども約10日間で、実用上の安全を期
しても数日はある。この間は網袋に入れておくだけで全
く手入無用である。この点も箱面よりも優れている。
On the other hand, Culver-Ryobud-cut rice seedlings can be transported to Honda in a net bag, which is easy and convenient as the amount to be handled is small. This also applies when shipping from a seedling nursery center. The germination period of cultivar-both-bud-cut rice seedlings varies depending on the temperature, but it is about 10 days, and for practical safety, it can last for several days. During this time, it requires no maintenance at all, just keep it in a mesh bag. This point is also better than the box surface.

次に、両芽切籾苗と催芽籾との比較について述べる。実
際上は両者ともカルパー被覆をし【使用する。カルバ−
両芽切籾苗はカルパー催芽籾に比べ、低温深水泥水等の
不良条件に対し低抗力が強い。即ち次の通りである。
Next, we will discuss a comparison between paddy seedlings with both buds cut and budded paddy seedlings. In reality, both are coated with Culper. Culver
Compared to Culper sprouted rice, seedlings with both buds cut have a lower resistance to adverse conditions such as low-temperature, deep water and muddy water. That is, as follows.

条件のやや良好なるときは、苗立率が約10〜20%多
く、発育も2−3日促進する。条件の不良なるときは、
苗立率を50−90%も多くし、発育を5−9日も促進
し得た。これら両者間の相違のおこる理由は、不良の条
件下におけるカルパー催芽籾の成績が急に低下するから
である。上記両芽切籾苗の優秀なる効果は、水稲直播栽
培の成否を左右するもので、水稲種苗として抜群の価値
を有する。雪どけ水の低水温地域で、ただ−人時流に反
逆して早期直播を実施し、もの笑いの種となる失敗を繰
り返しながら、遂にその成功の光間を捕えることができ
たのは、この両芽切籾苗の優秀効果があったからである
。特に、昭和61年春の低温に基づく不順に際する一般
の失敗例に対し、両芽切籾苗はその優秀効果をよく実証
し、寒冷地の早播にもかかわらず成功させた。また、こ
の低水温早期の不良環境の下での優秀効果の確認と成功
によって、暖地直播並びに晩期直播等の栽培が、より安
全より容易をこなることも、自明である。さらに、大規
模航空機直播の下では、両芽切籾醒の上記優秀効果が、
特筆すべき威力を発揮するであろうと推断される。この
ように、今後の省力稲作たる水稲直播栽培においては、
すべて両芽切籾苗を採用するものと、私は推断する。こ
とに、十分に風乾した両芽切籾苗の発芽力保有期間が8
5日もあった実験例をみる時、この方面の実用価値も、
検討に値すると考える。
When the conditions are slightly favorable, the seedling establishment rate increases by about 10 to 20%, and growth is accelerated for 2 to 3 days. When conditions are unfavorable,
The seedling establishment rate was increased by 50-90% and growth was promoted for 5-9 days. The reason for the difference between the two is that the performance of Culper germinated rice suddenly declines under poor conditions. The excellent effects of the above-mentioned double-bud cut paddy seedlings determine the success or failure of direct-seeding paddy rice cultivation, and they have outstanding value as paddy rice seedlings. In areas with low water temperatures due to melting snow, we carried out early direct sowing in defiance of the current trend, and despite repeated failures that became a source of laughter, we were finally able to catch the light of success. This is because bud-cut rice seedlings had excellent effects. In particular, in contrast to the common failures caused by poor conditions due to low temperatures in the spring of 1986, double-bud-cut rice seedlings demonstrated their superior effectiveness and were successful despite early sowing in cold regions. Furthermore, with the confirmation and success of this excellent effect under poor conditions such as low water temperature and early stage, it is obvious that direct sowing in warm areas and direct sowing in late season will be easier than safer. Furthermore, under large-scale aircraft direct sowing, the above-mentioned excellent effects of both-bud cutting and rice cultivation are
It is presumed that it will exhibit remarkable power. In this way, in the future of direct sowing rice cultivation, which is labor-saving rice cultivation,
I surmise that all of them will use double-bud cut rice seedlings. In particular, the germination period of fully air-dried double-bud cut rice seedlings is 8.
When looking at an example of an experiment that lasted for 5 days, the practical value of this aspect is also evident.
I think it is worth considering.

以上詳細に記述した内容から、本発明の特許の名称を両
芽切籾面とし、その特許請求範囲を胚の幼芽幼根の両方
の芽切をしなる籾I′lI′としたのである。
Based on the content described in detail above, the name of the patent of the present invention is "Both bud cut surface" and the scope of the patent is "Rice I'lI" where both bud cuts of the embryo radicle are bent. .

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図は本発明の両芽切籾面の略図であり、第1図は両芽切
籾醒の平面図である。 1  幼芽の芽切 2  幼根の芽切
The figure is a schematic diagram of the paddy surface after cutting both buds according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a plan view of the paddy surface after cutting both buds. 1 Shoot cutting of young bud 2 Shoot cutting of radicle

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 胚の幼芽幼根の両方の芽切をしたる籾苗Rice seedlings with both embryonic radicles cut off
JP18237886A 1986-08-02 1986-08-02 Bud cut young rice plant Pending JPS6339508A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP18237886A JPS6339508A (en) 1986-08-02 1986-08-02 Bud cut young rice plant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP18237886A JPS6339508A (en) 1986-08-02 1986-08-02 Bud cut young rice plant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6339508A true JPS6339508A (en) 1988-02-20

Family

ID=16117263

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP18237886A Pending JPS6339508A (en) 1986-08-02 1986-08-02 Bud cut young rice plant

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6339508A (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4842644A (en) * 1971-09-29 1973-06-21
JPS496410U (en) * 1972-04-21 1974-01-19

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4842644A (en) * 1971-09-29 1973-06-21
JPS496410U (en) * 1972-04-21 1974-01-19

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