JPS6328627B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6328627B2 JPS6328627B2 JP55153385A JP15338580A JPS6328627B2 JP S6328627 B2 JPS6328627 B2 JP S6328627B2 JP 55153385 A JP55153385 A JP 55153385A JP 15338580 A JP15338580 A JP 15338580A JP S6328627 B2 JPS6328627 B2 JP S6328627B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- surfactant
- water
- formula
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000743 hydrocarbylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 5
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- -1 naphtha Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQKVOAIWAHXCNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol;propane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CO.CCOCCO PQKVOAIWAHXCNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102000011782 Keratins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010076876 Keratins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017284 Pometia pinnata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007653 Pometia tomentosa Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004573 morpholin-4-yl group Chemical group N1(CCOCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036314 physical performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000587 piperidin-1-yl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Description
本発明はガソリン、石油などの液状炭化水素の
表面上に拡がつて水性皮膜を形成することがで
き、その結果、炭化水素の蒸発を防ぐことができ
る実用的に秀れた両性蒸発抑制剤に関する。
ガソリン、エーテル、ナフサ、ベンゼン等の低
引火点液状炭化水素の火災の際に、フツ素化脂肪
族表面活性剤と水とからなり、燃えている液体の
表面上に蒸発抑制効果をもつた水性皮膜を形成
し、それにより消火する組成物は、Tuveらの特
公昭40−20080号明細書に開示されている。この
ような組成物は、従来のリン酸アンモニウムを主
成分とした粉末消火剤あるいはケラチンの如き蛋
白質の加水分解物を主成分とする泡沫消火剤より
も、はるかに有効な消火系を提供した。
Tuveらの発明では、直鎖状分子構造を有する
水溶性フツ素化脂肪族表面活性剤を使用している
が、この場合には該活性剤が比較的高濃度必要
で、その結果組成物は高価にならざるを得ない
（実際、フツ素の誘導体はフツ素原子の含有率に
応じて極めて高価である）ばかりでなく、効果の
ある液状炭化水素の種類が比較的少ないという欠
点があつた。
本発明者らは、全く新しい思想に基ずいて研究
した結果、以下に説明する分枝状分子構造を有す
る両性水溶性表面活性剤が水の表面張力及び界面
張力を低下させ、極めて有用であることを見い出
し、本発明を成すに至つた。
即ち、本発明は炭素数３〜12のパーフルオロア
ルキル基、実質的にフツ素原子を含まず炭素数４
〜18の炭化水素基、アニオン親水基及びカチオン
親水基を有する分枝状分子構造の水溶性表面活性
剤と水からなり、液状炭化水素の表面上に水性皮
膜を形成して拡がることのできる両性炭化水素蒸
発抑制剤を提供する。
本発明で使用する水溶性表面活性剤は、少なく
とも0.01重量％の水中溶解度を有するものであ
る。
本発明の表面活性剤が含有するパーフルオロア
ルキル基は、炭素数３〜12のものであり、これは
直鎖状でも分枝状でもよく、また十分に大きけれ
ば環状であつてもよく、更には酸素もしくは窒素
原子（但し、炭素原子だけに結合されたもの）が
介入していてもよい。
実質的にフツ素原子を含まない炭化水素基は炭
素数４〜18のものであり、これは直鎖状でも分枝
状でもよく、また十分に大きければ環状であつて
もよい。
アニオン親水基としては、次のようなものが挙
げられる。
―COOM、―OSO3M、―SO3M、
The present invention relates to a practically excellent amphoteric evaporation inhibitor that can spread on the surface of liquid hydrocarbons such as gasoline and petroleum to form an aqueous film, thereby preventing the evaporation of hydrocarbons. . In the event of a fire involving low flash point liquid hydrocarbons such as gasoline, ether, naphtha, benzene, etc., an aqueous solution consisting of a fluorinated aliphatic surfactant and water that has the effect of suppressing evaporation on the surface of the burning liquid. Compositions that form a film and thereby extinguish fires are disclosed in Tuve et al., Japanese Patent Publication No. 40-20080. Such compositions provided a much more effective fire extinguishing system than conventional powder fire extinguishers based on ammonium phosphate or foam fire extinguishers based on hydrolysates of proteins such as keratin. The invention of Tuve et al. uses a water-soluble fluorinated aliphatic surfactant with a linear molecular structure, which requires relatively high concentrations of the surfactant, so that the composition Not only does it have to be expensive (in fact, fluorine derivatives are extremely expensive depending on the content of fluorine atoms), but it also has the disadvantage that there are relatively few types of effective liquid hydrocarbons. . As a result of research based on a completely new idea, the present inventors found that the amphoteric water-soluble surfactant having a branched molecular structure described below is extremely useful because it lowers the surface tension and interfacial tension of water. This discovery led to the completion of the present invention. That is, the present invention is a perfluoroalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, substantially free of fluorine atoms and having 4 carbon atoms.
An amphoteric surfactant consisting of water and a water-soluble surfactant with a branched molecular structure having ~18 hydrocarbon groups, anionic hydrophilic groups, and cationic hydrophilic groups, and capable of forming and spreading an aqueous film on the surface of liquid hydrocarbons. Provides a hydrocarbon evaporation inhibitor. The water-soluble surfactants used in the present invention have a solubility in water of at least 0.01% by weight. The perfluoroalkyl group contained in the surfactant of the present invention has 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and may be linear or branched, and may be cyclic if it is sufficiently large. may involve an oxygen or nitrogen atom (but only bonded to a carbon atom). Substantially fluorine-free hydrocarbon groups have 4 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be linear or branched, or may be cyclic if sufficiently large. Examples of anionic hydrophilic groups include the following. ―COOM, ―OSO 3 M, ―SO 3 M,
【式】
上記式中のＭは水素原子またはナトリウム、カ
リウムもしくはリチウムの如き金属原子あるいは
NH4―、Ｎ（CH3）4―または式NH（Ｒ）3―（但
し、式中のＲは低級アルキル基を表わすものとす
る。）で示される各種の第４アンモニウム基を表
わすものとする。
またカチオン親水基としては次のようなものが
挙げられる。
―Ｎ、―NR1―、―NR1R2、―Ｎ、―NR1
、―NR1R2―、―NR1R2R3、[Formula] In the above formula, M is a hydrogen atom, a metal atom such as sodium, potassium or lithium, or
NH 4 --, N(CH 3 ) 4 -- or various quaternary ammonium groups represented by the formula NH(R) 3 -- (wherein R in the formula represents a lower alkyl group); do. Examples of cationic hydrophilic groups include the following. -N, -NR 1 -, -NR 1 R 2 , -N, -NR 1
, ―NR 1 R 2 ―, ―NR 1 R 2 R 3 ,
【式】
上記式中、R1，R2，R3は水素原子または炭素
数１〜３のアルキル基またはヒドロキシアルキル
基を表わし、前記ヒドロキシアルキル基はその
OH基に（―CH2CH2O）―oまたは（―CH2CH（CH3）
Ｏ）―o（但し、ｎは１〜20を表わす）が連結して
いてもよく、またR1とR2は連結して隣接する窒
素原子と環状構造例えばピペリジノ基、モルホリ
ノ基等を形成していてもよい。
本発明の表面活性剤では、パーフルオロアルキ
ル基、炭化水素基及び親水基を結合させるための
結合基があつてもよく、このような結合基は例え
ばアルキレン、アリーレン、スルホンアミドアル
キレン、カルボンアミドアルキレンのような多
価、通常３価の結合基である。
このような表面活性剤の例としては次の如きも
のが挙げられる。
本発明の組成物は表面活性剤濃度が通常0.01〜
１重量％の希釈液として使用されるが、一般には
使用時に希釈できる濃厚液例えば0.1〜50重量％
として販売、運搬または貯蔵される。特に望まし
い市販品は使用時に濃厚液６容量対水94容量の比
率で希釈されるものである。
本発明の組成物は強靭な、可動性の、急速に拡
がる、急速に復元する蒸発障壁皮膜を液状炭化水
素の表面上に形成し、その蒸発を抑制する。
本発明の表面活性剤はミセル形成濃度が低く、
このためより少ない濃度で同一の物理的性能を発
現し、従つて、本発明の組成物は従来の系と同一
の効果を達成するのにより少量で済み、それ故安
価となる。
また組成物、即ち表面活性剤の水溶液はクラフ
ト点以上の温度でミセル溶解させ使用に供する
が、本発明の表面活性剤は直鎖状分子構造の表面
活性剤に比べて、より低いクラフト点を持つこ
と、即ちより低い温度で水中にミセル状に溶解す
るため、低温でも使用できるという利点が見い出
された。
本発明の組成物はガソリン、ナフサ、エーテ
ル、ベンゼンなどの液状炭化水素の表面上に撤布
すれば急速に拡がつて水性皮膜を形成し、炭化水
素の蒸発を抑制することができるので、炭化水素
蒸気による大気の汚染、火災の危険等を防止する
ことができる。
また本発明の組成物は蒸発抑制効果の故に燃え
ている液状炭化水素の消火にも有用である。この
場合には、本発明の組成物は泡立てて泡の形で火
にかけることが望ましい。このため本発明の組成
物には起泡剤及び泡安定剤を含ませてもよく、そ
れらは起泡性、泡安定性、相溶性を主眼に選ばれ
る。
起泡剤としては例えば次のようなものが使用で
きる。
C8F17SO2NH（CH2）3N（CH3）2CH2CH2COO
C8F17SO2NH（CH2）3N（CH3）（CH2CH2OH）
CH2CH2COO
C6F13SO2NH（CH2）3N（CH3）3I
C6F13CONH（CH2）3N（CH3）2CH2CH2COO
C6F13SO2NH（CH2）3N（C2H4OH）2CH3I
C6F13SO2NH（CH2）3N（CH3）2（CH2CH2O）oOH
RCOOM（Ｒ：C8〜C22アルキル、Ｍ：Na，Ｋ，
NH4など）
RSCH2COONa（Ｒ：C8〜C18アルキル）
リシノール酸エステル
ROSO3NH（C2H4OH）3（Ｒ：C8〜C18アルキル）
RSO3Na（Ｒ：C8〜C22アルキル）
RCONHCH2CH2N（C2H5）（Ｒ：C17アルキル）
RCOOCH2CH2NHCOCH2N（CH3）3Cl（Ｒ：C8〜
C18アルキル）
その他、単行本「界面活性剤便覧」西、今井、
笠井、編著、昭和41年産業図書(株)出版に記載され
ている起泡剤、発泡剤を使用することができる。
泡安定剤としては例えば次のようなものを使用
することができる。
ポリエチレングリコール
ポリビニルアルコール
ポリビニルピロリドン
カルボキシメチルセルロース
アラビアゴム
アルギン酸ナトリウム
プロピレングリコール
エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル
ブチルセロソルブ
次いで実施例によつて本発明をより具体的に説
明する。
尚、％は重量基準である。
実施例１〜11および比較例１〜８
表面活性剤水溶液を調整し、25℃に於ける水性
皮膜形性テストを行なつた結果を表―１に示す。
(1) 拡がり時間：直径85mmのペトリ皿にシクロヘ
キサン30mlを入れ、表面活性剤水
溶液50μを中央部に滴下し、反
射光線によりシクロヘキサン全面
を水性皮膜が覆うまでの時間を測
定した。
(2) 遮焔性：上記試験後、表面活性剤水溶液50μ
を追加し、１分放置後、小さな
焔を容器の中心部の表面から25mm
のところに置き、この瞬間からシ
クロヘキサンが燃え始めるまでの
時間を測定する。この試験は水性
皮膜の焔に対する抵抗性と同時に
耐久性、強靭性の評価を与える。
＊試験法については、以下の実施例でも同じ。[Formula] In the above formula, R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a hydroxyalkyl group, and the hydroxyalkyl group is
OH group (-CH 2 CH 2 O) - o or (-CH 2 CH (CH 3 )
O) - o (where n represents 1 to 20) may be connected, and R 1 and R 2 may be connected to form a cyclic structure with the adjacent nitrogen atom, such as a piperidino group or a morpholino group. You can leave it there. The surfactant of the present invention may have a bonding group for bonding a perfluoroalkyl group, a hydrocarbon group, and a hydrophilic group, and such bonding groups include, for example, alkylene, arylene, sulfonamidoalkylene, carbonamidoalkylene. It is a multivalent, usually trivalent, bonding group such as . Examples of such surfactants include the following. The composition of the present invention usually has a surfactant concentration of 0.01 to
It is used as a dilute solution of 1% by weight, but is generally used as a concentrated solution that can be diluted at the time of use, e.g. 0.1-50% by weight.
sold, transported or stored as A particularly desirable commercial product is one that is diluted for use in a ratio of 6 volumes of concentrate to 94 volumes of water. The compositions of the present invention form a tough, mobile, rapidly spreading, rapidly recovering evaporation barrier film on the surface of liquid hydrocarbons to inhibit their evaporation. The surfactant of the present invention has a low concentration of micelle formation,
This results in the same physical performance being achieved at lower concentrations, and thus the compositions of the present invention require less to achieve the same effect as conventional systems and are therefore less expensive. In addition, the composition, that is, the aqueous solution of the surfactant, is used by dissolving the micelles at a temperature higher than the Krafft point, but the surfactant of the present invention has a lower Krafft point than a surfactant with a linear molecular structure. It has been found that there is an advantage in that it can be used even at low temperatures because it dissolves in micellar form in water at lower temperatures. When the composition of the present invention is applied to the surface of liquid hydrocarbons such as gasoline, naphtha, ether, and benzene, it rapidly spreads to form an aqueous film and can suppress the evaporation of hydrocarbons. It is possible to prevent atmospheric pollution and fire hazards caused by hydrogen vapor. The compositions of the present invention are also useful for extinguishing burning liquid hydrocarbons due to their evaporation inhibiting effects. In this case, it is advisable to whip the composition of the invention and fire it in the form of a foam. For this reason, the composition of the present invention may contain a foaming agent and a foam stabilizer, which are selected with focus on foaming properties, foam stability, and compatibility. As the foaming agent, for example, the following can be used. C 8 F 17 SO 2 NH (CH 2 ) 3 N (CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 CH 2 COO C 8 F 17 SO 2 NH (CH 2 ) 3 N (CH 3 ) (CH 2 CH 2 OH)
CH 2 CH 2 COO C 6 F 13 SO 2 NH (CH 2 ) 3 N (CH 3 ) 3 I C 6 F 13 CONH (CH 2 ) 3 N (CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 CH 2 COO C 6 F 13 SO 2 NH (CH 2 ) 3 N (C 2 H 4 OH) 2 CH 3 I C 6 F 13 SO 2 NH (CH 2 ) 3 N (CH 3 ) 2 (CH 2 CH 2 O) o OH RCOOM (R: C 8 - C 22 alkyl, M: Na, K,
NH 4 etc.) RSCH 2 COON a (R: C 8 - C 18 alkyl) Ricinoleic acid ester ROSO 3 NH (C 2 H 4 OH) 3 (R: C 8 - C 18 alkyl) RSO 3 Na (R: C 8 ~ C 22 alkyl) RCONHCH 2 CH 2 N (C 2 H 5 ) (R: C 17 alkyl) RCOOCH 2 CH 2 NHCOCH 2 N (CH 3 ) 3 Cl (R: C 8 ~
C 18 alkyl) Others, book “Surfactant Handbook” Nishi, Imai,
Foaming agents and foaming agents described in Kasai, editor, published by Sangyo Tosho Co., Ltd. in 1966 can be used. As the foam stabilizer, for example, the following can be used. Polyethylene glycol polyvinyl alcohol polyvinyl pyrrolidone carboxymethylcellulose gum arabic sodium alginate propylene glycol ethylene glycol monoethyl ether butyl cellosolve Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples. Note that % is based on weight. Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 Aqueous surfactant solutions were prepared and an aqueous film form test was conducted at 25°C. The results are shown in Table 1. (1) Spreading time: 30ml of cyclohexane was placed in a Petri dish with a diameter of 85mm, 50μ of a surfactant aqueous solution was dropped in the center, and the time until the aqueous film covered the entire surface of the cyclohexane was measured using reflected light. (2) Flame resistance: After the above test, 50μ of surfactant aqueous solution
After leaving it for 1 minute, set a small flame 25mm from the surface of the center of the container.
from this moment until the cyclohexane begins to burn. This test provides an evaluation of the flame resistance as well as the durability and toughness of the aqueous coating. *The test method is the same in the following examples.
【表】【table】
【表】
実施例 12〜17
本発明に係る表面活性剤が低沸点油面上に水成
膜を形成し易すい特性は、油水間の界面張力を顕
著に低下させる性質に起因している。次表は該表
面活性剤0.1％水溶液の表面張力及びシクロヘキ
サンに対する界面張力を測定したものであり、特
に界面張力の低下性に優れていることがみとめら
れる。[Table] Examples 12 to 17 The ability of the surfactant according to the present invention to easily form a water film on a low-boiling point oil surface is due to its property of significantly lowering the interfacial tension between oil and water. The following table shows the measurement of the surface tension and interfacial tension with respect to cyclohexane of the 0.1% aqueous solution of the surfactant, and it can be seen that it is particularly excellent in reducing interfacial tension.
【表】
実施例 18〜21
表面活性剤を混合して使用すると水性皮膜の性
能が向上する場合がある。一例を示すと次のよう
である。[Table] Examples 18-21 The performance of aqueous coatings may be improved by using a mixture of surfactants. An example is as follows.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
Claims (1)
オロアルキル基を、Ｒは実質的にフツ素原子を含
まない炭素数４〜18の一価の炭化水素基を、Ｚは
（―CH2）―o（但し、ｎは１〜８なる整数であるも
のとする。）または―CH2CHOHCH2―の如き二
価のハイドロカルビレン基を、Ｑはアニオン親水
基およびカチオン親水基を同時に含有する両性イ
オン性基を表わすものとする。〕 で示される分枝状分子構造の水溶性表面活性剤と
水とから成り、液状炭化水素の表面上に水性皮膜
を形成して拡がることのできる両性炭化水素蒸発
抑制剤。[Claims] 1. General formula or [However, R f in the formula is a perfluoroalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 4 to 18 carbon atoms that does not substantially contain fluorine atoms, and Z is (- CH 2 ) —o (where n is an integer from 1 to 8) or a divalent hydrocarbylene group such as —CH 2 CHOHCH 2 —, and Q is an anionic hydrophilic group and a cationic hydrophilic group. It represents a zwitterionic group contained at the same time. ] An amphoteric hydrocarbon evaporation inhibitor consisting of a water-soluble surfactant having a branched molecular structure represented by the formula and water, and capable of forming and spreading an aqueous film on the surface of a liquid hydrocarbon.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15338580A JPS5778473A (en) | 1980-10-31 | 1980-10-31 | Ampholytic hydrocarbon evaporation inhibitor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15338580A JPS5778473A (en) | 1980-10-31 | 1980-10-31 | Ampholytic hydrocarbon evaporation inhibitor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5778473A JPS5778473A (en) | 1982-05-17 |
| JPS6328627B2 true JPS6328627B2 (en) | 1988-06-09 |
Family
ID=15561316
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15338580A Granted JPS5778473A (en) | 1980-10-31 | 1980-10-31 | Ampholytic hydrocarbon evaporation inhibitor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5778473A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3729486C1 (en) * | 1987-09-03 | 1988-12-15 | Gutehoffnungshuette Man | Compressor unit |
| JPH0234683A (en) * | 1988-07-22 | 1990-02-05 | Nishiyama Stainless Chem Kk | Method and agent for preventing evaporation of organic solvent |
| CN100436533C (en) * | 2006-01-25 | 2008-11-26 | 武汉艾明科技开发有限公司 | Liquid hydrocarbon evaporation inhibitor |
| CN102286267B (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2013-11-20 | 天津科技大学 | Microemulsion used for inhibiting generation and transportation of liquid chemical toxic gas and preparation method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4726160U (en) * | 1971-04-08 | 1972-11-24 | ||
| JPS527873A (en) * | 1975-07-10 | 1977-01-21 | Ajinomoto Co Inc | Drying and granulating machine |
| JPS5216073A (en) * | 1975-07-30 | 1977-02-07 | Hitachi Seiko Ltd | Machine tool adaptablity controller |
| JPS5373523A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1978-06-30 | Hoechst Ag | Amphoteric fluorineecontaining phosphoroic ester and process for preparing same |
-
1980
- 1980-10-31 JP JP15338580A patent/JPS5778473A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4726160U (en) * | 1971-04-08 | 1972-11-24 | ||
| JPS527873A (en) * | 1975-07-10 | 1977-01-21 | Ajinomoto Co Inc | Drying and granulating machine |
| JPS5216073A (en) * | 1975-07-30 | 1977-02-07 | Hitachi Seiko Ltd | Machine tool adaptablity controller |
| JPS5373523A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1978-06-30 | Hoechst Ag | Amphoteric fluorineecontaining phosphoroic ester and process for preparing same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5778473A (en) | 1982-05-17 |
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