JPS63286024A - Digital converter for analog voltage - Google Patents

Digital converter for analog voltage

Info

Publication number
JPS63286024A
JPS63286024A JP62121781A JP12178187A JPS63286024A JP S63286024 A JPS63286024 A JP S63286024A JP 62121781 A JP62121781 A JP 62121781A JP 12178187 A JP12178187 A JP 12178187A JP S63286024 A JPS63286024 A JP S63286024A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
voltage
analog
converter
analog voltage
resistor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP62121781A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshinobu Kagami
宜伸 加賀美
Kiyoto Nagasawa
長沢 清人
Haruhiko Fukuda
福田 晴彦
Masafumi Kawachi
雅史 河内
Hiroshi Tomita
寛 冨田
Shigehiro Kawauchi
川内 滋裕
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ricoh Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Ricoh Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ricoh Co Ltd filed Critical Ricoh Co Ltd
Priority to JP62121781A priority Critical patent/JPS63286024A/en
Publication of JPS63286024A publication Critical patent/JPS63286024A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Image Input (AREA)
  • Facsimile Image Signal Circuits (AREA)
  • Analogue/Digital Conversion (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain a high correction accuracy and to offer ease of adjustment for the correcting characteristic by adopting the constitution such that a voltage dividing means dividing an analog voltage, a voltage divided by a voltage division means is fed to a reference voltage input terminal of an A/D converter and an analog voltage is fed to a conversion voltage input terminal of the A/D converter. CONSTITUTION:A resistor R is provided between an analog input terminal Vin and a reference voltage terminal +REF and a resistor Rr is provided to a reference voltage Vr input terminal before the resistor R in the voltage division circuit 2. Thus, a curved output is obtained with respect to an input voltage. Moreover, a buffer amplifier 3 neglects the fluctuation of the voltage division voltage Vref due to the correlation among the ladder resistor, R and Ra in the A/D converter 4. The resistors R, Rr are variable resistors, and in adjusting the value variously, the output is made close limitlessly to the required curve in principles. Finally, an input analog voltage Vi is converted into an analog voltage Vd by the cooperation between the voltage division circuit 2 and the A/D converter 4, the analog voltage Vd is converted into a digital data, which is given to a CRT display 5.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 ■技術分野 本発明は、例えば画像アナログ信号、音声アナログ信号
等、アナログ情報をデジタル情報に変換するA/D変換
装置に関・し、特に、非線形化補正など、アナログ信号
レベルに対するデジタルデータ値の相関を所要の特性に
補正したデジタルデータを得るA/D変換装置に関する
Detailed Description of the Invention [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an A/D conversion device that converts analog information, such as an image analog signal and an audio analog signal, into digital information. The present invention relates to an A/D conversion device that obtains digital data whose correlation between digital data values and signal levels is corrected to desired characteristics.

■従来技術 例えば画像処理分野において、CODなどのイメージセ
ンサで読み取ったアナログ画像信号をA/D変換器でデ
ジタルデータに変換して。
■Prior Art For example, in the field of image processing, an analog image signal read by an image sensor such as a COD is converted into digital data by an A/D converter.

CRTディスプIノイに出力する場合、CODからのア
ナログ画像信号は、基本的に、H橋上の画像の反射率に
対して線形であり、第2a図に示すように1反射率に対
して線形のアナログ画像信号電圧Viが得られる。この
電圧をそのままA/D変換器に与えてデジタル変換する
と、デジタルデータも実質上反射率に対して線形である
。ところがCRTは、入力信号レベルに対して指数関数
の特性を持った反射率の色を表示する。すなわち電圧V
iに対して第2b図に示す指数関数的輝度特性(実vA
)を示す。そこでCRTの表示を、アナログ電圧Viに
忠実な線形特性とするには、第2c図に示すように、C
RTディスプレイに与える電圧Vdをアナログ電圧Vi
に対して、指数関数の逆関数である対数関数特性を持つ
ものに補正しなければならない。この補正がγ補正とい
われるものである。
When outputting to a CRT display, the analog image signal from the COD is basically linear with respect to the reflectance of the image on the H bridge, and as shown in Figure 2a, the analog image signal from the COD is linear with respect to one reflectance. An analog image signal voltage Vi is obtained. When this voltage is directly applied to an A/D converter and converted into digital data, the digital data is also substantially linear with respect to the reflectance. However, CRTs display reflectance colors that have an exponential characteristic with respect to the input signal level. That is, the voltage V
The exponential luminance characteristic (real vA) shown in Fig. 2b for i
) is shown. Therefore, in order to make the CRT display have a linear characteristic that is faithful to the analog voltage Vi, as shown in Figure 2c,
The voltage Vd applied to the RT display is the analog voltage Vi
must be corrected to have logarithmic function characteristics, which is the inverse of an exponential function. This correction is called γ correction.

従来、この種の補正を、第3a図に示す構成又は第4a
図に示す構成で行なっている。
Conventionally, this type of correction has been performed using the configuration shown in FIG. 3a or the configuration shown in FIG. 4a.
This is done using the configuration shown in the figure.

第3a図において、CCD1のアナログ画像信号はA/
D変換器4でデジタルデータに変換され、ROM6のア
ドレスに与えられる。ROM6は、電圧Vi(デジタル
データ)に対して第3b図に示す如きのデータVdをメ
モリしている。しかし。
In FIG. 3a, the analog image signal of CCD1 is A/
It is converted into digital data by the D converter 4 and given to the address of the ROM 6. The ROM 6 stores data Vd as shown in FIG. 3b for the voltage Vi (digital data). but.

A/D変換のビット落ちや、ROM6前段のA/D変換
器4.でアナログ電圧をデジタルデータに変換するとき
の量子化およびこのデータ(入力データviニアドレス
データ)の1ステツプの変化量に対する出力データ(V
d :メモリデータ)の量子化において、切上げ又は切
下げがあるので、アナログ電圧Viが低い領域では、V
iのわずかな変化に対しである点で大幅に出力データV
dが変化するとか、逆にアナログ電圧Viが高い領域で
は、Viの比較的に大きな変化でも出力データVdが変
化しないとかの問題がある。すなわちアナログ電圧Vi
に対して、出力データVdの連続性が損なわれる。
Bit loss in A/D conversion, A/D converter 4 in front of ROM6. quantization when converting analog voltage to digital data and output data (V
d: In the quantization of memory data), there is rounding up or down, so in the region where the analog voltage Vi is low, V
For a small change in i, the output data V changes significantly at a certain point.
There is a problem that the output data Vd does not change even if d changes or, conversely, in a region where the analog voltage Vi is high, even if Vi changes by a relatively large amount. That is, the analog voltage Vi
On the other hand, the continuity of the output data Vd is impaired.

第4a図に示す従来例は、例えば特開昭61−1341
77号公報に開示されているものでありA/D変換器4
の内部のラダー抵抗の一部に外から並列に抵抗器Raを
接続して、第4b図に示すような折れ線特性の出力デー
タVdを得るものである。
The conventional example shown in FIG.
The A/D converter 4 is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 77.
By connecting a resistor Ra from the outside in parallel to a part of the internal ladder resistor, output data Vd having a polygonal characteristic as shown in FIG. 4b is obtained.

この従来例では、例えばA/D変換器4の基準電圧+R
EFを5v、−REFを機器アースにとった場合を考え
ると、ラダー抵抗と並列に外部抵抗Raを設けない場合
はアナログ入力電圧Vi=O〜5vを均一に256ステ
ツプのデジタルデータに変換するが、例えばある外部入
力端子と機器アースの間にRa=82.5r (rはラ
ダー抵抗の256分の1の値)を接続すると、viの0
〜約1vまでを82ステツプに、1〜5vまでを174
ステツプにデジタル変換するので、出力データは折れ線
の特性となる。
In this conventional example, for example, the reference voltage of the A/D converter 4 +R
Considering the case where EF is set to 5V and -REF is connected to the device ground, if an external resistor Ra is not provided in parallel with the ladder resistor, the analog input voltage Vi=O~5V will be uniformly converted to 256 steps of digital data. , for example, if Ra = 82.5r (r is the value of 1/256 of the ladder resistance) is connected between a certain external input terminal and the equipment ground, the value of vi becomes 0.
- 82 steps up to about 1v, 174 steps up to 1-5v
Since it is digitally converted into steps, the output data has the characteristics of a polygonal line.

A/D変換のビット落ちはないが、デジタルデータが折
り線の近似であるので、補正精度が粗くCRTディスプ
レイ5には、忠実な色再現がなされない。
Although there is no bit loss during A/D conversion, since the digital data is an approximation of fold lines, the correction accuracy is rough and the CRT display 5 cannot reproduce faithful colors.

■目的 本発明は前記従来の問題点を改善しROM6を用いる場
合よりも簡単かつ正確に、また、並列抵抗Ra接続の場
合よりも忠実に、アナログ信号に所要の補正を施したデ
ジタルデータを得ることを目的とする。
■Purpose The present invention improves the above-mentioned conventional problems and obtains digital data with required corrections applied to analog signals more easily and accurately than when using ROM6, and more faithfully than when connecting parallel resistors Ra. The purpose is to

■構成 本発明では、アナログ電圧をデジタルデータに変換する
A/D変換器を有するデジタル変換装置において、前記
アナログ電圧を分圧する分圧手段を備え、該分圧手段が
分圧した電圧をA/D変換器の基準電圧入力端に、前記
アナログ電圧をA/D変換器の変換電圧入力端に印加す
る構成とする。
■Structure In the present invention, a digital conversion device having an A/D converter that converts an analog voltage into digital data is provided with voltage dividing means for dividing the analog voltage, and the voltage divided by the voltage dividing means is converted into an A/D converter. The analog voltage is applied to the reference voltage input terminal of the D converter and the converted voltage input terminal of the A/D converter.

第1a図に本発明の一実施例の構成を示す。第1a図に
おいて、2が本発明に従って付加した分圧回路である。
FIG. 1a shows the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1a, 2 is a voltage dividing circuit added according to the present invention.

他の部分は従来の構成と同様である0回路構成はごく単
純で、A/D変換器のアナログ入力端子Vinと基準電
圧端子+REFとの間に抵抗Rを、抵抗Rの手前の基準
電圧Vr入力端側に抵抗Rrを設置するだけである。こ
れによって入力電圧に対して出力にカーブを付けること
ができる。なお、3は、A/D変換器4内のラダー抵抗
とRおよびRaとの相関による分圧電圧Vrefの変動
を無視することができるように付加したバッファアンプ
である。
The other parts are the same as the conventional configuration.The circuit configuration is very simple, with a resistor R placed between the analog input terminal Vin of the A/D converter and the reference voltage terminal +REF, and a reference voltage Vr placed before the resistor R. All that is required is to install a resistor Rr on the input end side. This allows the output to have a curve with respect to the input voltage. Note that 3 is a buffer amplifier added so that fluctuations in the divided voltage Vref due to the correlation between the ladder resistance in the A/D converter 4 and R and Ra can be ignored.

第1a図に示す+REFの入力電圧V refと入力ア
ナログ電圧Viの関係を式で示すと、 Vref=(Vr−R+Vi)/(R+Rr)である。
The relationship between the input voltage V ref of +REF shown in FIG. 1a and the input analog voltage Vi is expressed as follows: Vref=(Vr-R+Vi)/(R+Rr).

ここでVr=5V、R=Rr=IKΩとすると、 V ref = (5+ V i)/2である。A/D
変換器4で変換されたデジタルデータが示す値をDとす
ると、 D = 255 ・V i/ V ref=255・V
 i/ (5+ V i)/2=255・2Vi/(5
+Vi) =255・(2−10/(Vi+5))であり、艮とR
rの値をいろいろに変化させれば、原理的に必要とする
カーブにいくらでも近づけることができる。カーブを調
整可能なように、この実施例では、抵抗RおよびRrを
可変抵抗器としている。この実施例では結局分圧回路2
とA/D変換器4との共働で、入力アナログ電圧Viを
第1b図に示すアナログ電圧Vdに変換して、このアナ
ログ電圧Vdをデジタルデータに変換し、このデジタル
データをCRTディスプレイ5に与えることになる。入
力アナログ電圧Viを、デジタルデータに変換する前に
カーブ状の補正を施しているので、この補正には、量子
化誤差は含まれない。第3a図に示す従来例では、A/
D変換の量子化誤差と、ROM6における量子化誤差の
両者が、CGD Iとディスプレイ5との間のA/D変
換の誤差となるが、本発明では、A/D変換器4におけ
る量子化誤差のみとなるので、変換精度が高い。所望の
曲線特性を簡単に実現できるので、従来の折れ線近似の
場合よりも補正精度が高いのは勿論である。
Here, when Vr=5V and R=Rr=IKΩ, Vref=(5+V i)/2. A/D
If the value indicated by the digital data converted by the converter 4 is D, then D = 255 ・V i / V ref = 255 ・V
i/(5+V i)/2=255・2Vi/(5
+Vi) =255・(2-10/(Vi+5)), and Tsui and R
By varying the value of r, it is possible in principle to get as close to the required curve as possible. In this embodiment, the resistors R and Rr are variable resistors so that the curve can be adjusted. In this embodiment, the voltage divider circuit 2
and the A/D converter 4 convert the input analog voltage Vi into the analog voltage Vd shown in FIG. will give. Since the input analog voltage Vi is subjected to curve correction before being converted into digital data, this correction does not include a quantization error. In the conventional example shown in FIG. 3a, A/
Both the quantization error in the D conversion and the quantization error in the ROM 6 become errors in the A/D conversion between the CGD I and the display 5, but in the present invention, the quantization error in the A/D converter 4 The conversion accuracy is high. Since desired curve characteristics can be easily realized, the correction accuracy is of course higher than in the case of conventional polygonal line approximation.

なお、上記においては、アナログ画像信号のCR7表示
用デジタル変換を説明したが、本発明はこれに限らず、
アナログ画像信号のプリント用デジタル変換、音声アナ
ログ信号の記録用あるいは音声認識用のデジタル変換、
あるいはその他の、同様な補正を要するA/D変換に同
様に実施しうる。
Although the above describes digital conversion of an analog image signal for CR7 display, the present invention is not limited to this.
Digital conversion of analog image signals for printing, digital conversion of audio analog signals for recording or voice recognition,
Alternatively, other A/D conversions requiring similar corrections may be similarly implemented.

■効果 以上の通り本発明によれば、A/D変換器とアナログ信
号入力ラインとの間への簡単な電気回路要素の付加で、
補正精度が高くしかも補正特性を容易に調整し得るアナ
ログ電圧のデジタル変換装置が得られる。
■Effects As described above, according to the present invention, by simply adding an electric circuit element between the A/D converter and the analog signal input line,
An analog voltage to digital conversion device with high correction accuracy and easy adjustment of correction characteristics can be obtained.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1a図は本発明の一実施例を示すブロック図、第1b
図は第1a図に示す分圧回路2およびA/D変換器4の
共働により得られる補正特性を示すグラフである。 第2a図はCCDの画像読取における原稿画像の反射率
と読取アナログ電圧との関係を示すグラフ、第2b図は
CRTの入力電圧と表示輝度との関係を示すグラフ、第
2c図はCRT表示の非線形性を補正するだめの補正特
性を示すグラフである。 第3a図は従来のアナログ電圧のデジタル変換装置の1
つの構成を示すブロック図、第3b図は第3a図のRO
M6の入/出力特性を示すグラフである。 第4a図は従来のアナログ電圧のデジタル変換装置のも
う1つの構成を示すブロック図、第4b図は第4a図に
示すA/D変換器4の入/出力特性を示すグラフである
。 1:CCD        2:分圧回路R,Ra:分
圧用可変抵抗器(分圧手段)3:バッファアンプ   
4:A/D変換器5:CRTディスプレイ 6:関数発
生用ROM声3b区    第4b区   声]b図声
18図
FIG. 1a is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1b is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is a graph showing the correction characteristic obtained by the cooperation of the voltage dividing circuit 2 and the A/D converter 4 shown in FIG. 1a. Figure 2a is a graph showing the relationship between the reflectance of the original image and the reading analog voltage during CCD image reading, Figure 2b is a graph showing the relationship between the CRT input voltage and display brightness, and Figure 2c is the graph showing the relationship between the CRT display brightness. 7 is a graph showing correction characteristics for correcting nonlinearity. Figure 3a shows a conventional analog voltage to digital converter.
Figure 3b is a block diagram showing the configuration of the RO of Figure 3a.
It is a graph showing input/output characteristics of M6. FIG. 4a is a block diagram showing another configuration of a conventional analog voltage to digital converter, and FIG. 4b is a graph showing input/output characteristics of the A/D converter 4 shown in FIG. 4a. 1: CCD 2: Voltage dividing circuit R, Ra: Voltage dividing variable resistor (voltage dividing means) 3: Buffer amplifier
4: A/D converter 5: CRT display 6: Function generation ROM voice 3b section 4b section voice] b figure voice 18 figure

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)アナログ電圧をデジタルデータに変換するA/D
変換器を有するデジタル変換装置において、前記アナロ
グ電圧を分圧する分圧手段を備え、該分圧手段が分圧し
た電圧をA/D変換器の基準電圧入力端に、前記アナロ
グ電圧をA/D変換器の変換電圧入力端に印加する構成
としたことを特徴とするアナログ電圧のデジタル変換装
置。
(1) A/D that converts analog voltage to digital data
A digital conversion device having a converter includes voltage dividing means for dividing the analog voltage, and inputs the voltage divided by the voltage dividing means to a reference voltage input terminal of an A/D converter, and inputs the analog voltage to an A/D converter. 1. An analog voltage to digital conversion device, characterized in that it is configured to apply a converted voltage to an input terminal of a converter.
(2)分圧手段は可変抵抗器である前記特許請求の範囲
第(1)項記載の、アナログ電圧のデジタル変換装置。
(2) The analog voltage to digital conversion device according to claim (1), wherein the voltage dividing means is a variable resistor.
JP62121781A 1987-05-19 1987-05-19 Digital converter for analog voltage Pending JPS63286024A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62121781A JPS63286024A (en) 1987-05-19 1987-05-19 Digital converter for analog voltage

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62121781A JPS63286024A (en) 1987-05-19 1987-05-19 Digital converter for analog voltage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63286024A true JPS63286024A (en) 1988-11-22

Family

ID=14819732

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP62121781A Pending JPS63286024A (en) 1987-05-19 1987-05-19 Digital converter for analog voltage

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63286024A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08307275A (en) * 1995-05-02 1996-11-22 Lg Semicon Co Ltd Delta sigma analog-to-digital converter having built-in variable gain end

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08307275A (en) * 1995-05-02 1996-11-22 Lg Semicon Co Ltd Delta sigma analog-to-digital converter having built-in variable gain end

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