JPS6327776A - Battery charging control and diagnostic apparatus for car - Google Patents
Battery charging control and diagnostic apparatus for carInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6327776A JPS6327776A JP61171375A JP17137586A JPS6327776A JP S6327776 A JPS6327776 A JP S6327776A JP 61171375 A JP61171375 A JP 61171375A JP 17137586 A JP17137586 A JP 17137586A JP S6327776 A JPS6327776 A JP S6327776A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- charge
- charging control
- terminal voltage
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005314 correlation function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は自動車用バッテリおよびその充電系統において
、その寿命診断と充電制御を行う装置に関するものであ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a device for diagnosing the lifespan and controlling charging of an automobile battery and its charging system.
従来のバッテリ状態監視装置は、特開昭５３−７９２３
８号、特開昭５３−１２７６４６号、特開昭５６−１２
６７７４号にその主な状態監視手法の一例が示されてい
る。The conventional battery condition monitoring device is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-7923.
No. 8, JP-A-53-127646, JP-A-56-12
An example of the main condition monitoring method is shown in No. 6774.
特開昭５３−７９２３８号と特開昭５３−１２７６４６
号ではクランキング時のスタータ電流とバラチリ端子電
圧の関係からバッテリの内部抵抗を求めて走行直前の初
期容量を検出し、然る後走行中の充放電電流を積算する
ことにより充電電気量あるいは放電電気量の総和すなわ
ち収支電気量を検出して、初期容量をこの収支電気量と
比較することによりバッテリ容量を検知するものである
。JP-A-53-79238 and JP-A-53-127646
In this issue, the internal resistance of the battery is determined from the relationship between the starter current during cranking and the varying terminal voltage, and the initial capacity is detected just before driving.Then, by integrating the charging and discharging current during driving, the amount of charged electricity or discharged electricity is calculated. The battery capacity is detected by detecting the total amount of electricity, that is, the balance of electricity, and comparing the initial capacity with the balance of electricity.
特開昭５６−１２６７７ＩＦ号は、バッテリの電圧・電
流を負荷の異なる複数時点で測定し、内部抵抗と短絡電
流を求め、予め実験的に設定した内部抵抗。JP-A No. 56-12677IF measures the voltage and current of a battery at multiple times with different loads, determines the internal resistance and short-circuit current, and sets the internal resistance experimentally in advance.
短絡電流とバッテリ容量の相関関係から、バッテリ容量
を求めるものである。The battery capacity is determined from the correlation between the short circuit current and the battery capacity.
これらの状態監視手法では、いずれもバッテリの放電状
態における電圧・電流から内部抵抗を求めている。しか
し車載状態で電圧降下法により内部抵抗を求める場合に
は、無負荷端子電圧と負荷時の放電電流は、前歴と環境
状態および測定条件の影響を受けて、データの再現性が
得にくいと言う問題点がある。具体的には、バッテリ液
の比重。In all of these state monitoring methods, the internal resistance is determined from the voltage and current in the discharged state of the battery. However, when determining internal resistance using the voltage drop method while mounted on a vehicle, the no-load terminal voltage and discharge current under load are affected by previous history, environmental conditions, and measurement conditions, making it difficult to obtain data reproducibility. There is a problem. Specifically, the specific gravity of battery fluid.
休止時間、放電電流のプロファイル、バッテリ内温度分
布などが例としてあげられる。Examples include rest time, discharge current profile, and temperature distribution within the battery.
そこで制御や診断に使うのに必要な程度の精度特に再現
性の良い測定パラメータとその測定方法を選ぶことが、
まず第１に必要とされる。そしてこれが本発明の主たる
目的である。Therefore, it is important to select measurement parameters and measurement methods that have the necessary degree of accuracy and particularly good reproducibility for use in control and diagnosis.
First of all, it is required. And this is the main purpose of the present invention.
本発明の従属的目的は、本発明になるバッテリ充電制御
・寿命診断に関する基本手法を応用した装置を実用化す
るために必要な支援的手段を提供することにある。A subsidiary object of the present invention is to provide supporting means necessary for putting into practical use a device to which the basic technique for battery charging control and life diagnosis according to the present invention is applied.
本発明の主たる目的を達成する手段について述べる。バ
ッテリの端子電圧と充放電電流を検出する手段を有し、
エンジン始動中または始動直前に。The means for achieving the main object of the present invention will be described. It has means for detecting the terminal voltage and charging/discharging current of the battery,
During or just before starting the engine.
バッテリに接続された電気負荷によるバッテリの放電電
荷量と端子電圧の変化との関係を求め、この関係から寿
命を予測診断する機能または充電制御の補正機能を有せ
しめるものである。ここで充電制御の主たる手法は、充
電電荷量ＱＣと放電電荷量ＱＤＣの関係式を、
ＱＣ＝ａＱＤｃ＋ｂ ・・・・・・
（１）とし、ａは０．５−１．５．ｂは１０−１０−７
Ｏ／ｈの間で運転履歴に応じて設定されるように、コン
トローラからオルタネータにフィードバックし安定化制
御する。The present invention has a function of determining the relationship between the amount of discharged charge of the battery due to an electric load connected to the battery and a change in terminal voltage, and predicting and diagnosing the lifespan from this relationship, or a function of correcting charge control. Here, the main method of charge control is to use the relational expression between the amount of charged charge QC and the amount of discharged charge QDC as follows: QC=aQDc+b...
(1), and a is 0.5-1.5. b is 10-10-7
Feedback is sent from the controller to the alternator to perform stabilization control so as to be set according to the driving history between 0/h.
上記バッテリの放電電荷量と端子電圧の変化との関係か
ら寿命診断および充電制御する手法としては、所定の電
気負荷を接続して、所定の電荷量を放電させたときの端
子電圧の変化分をその初期値と比較して閾値判別する。As a method for diagnosing the battery life and controlling charging based on the relationship between the amount of discharged charge of the battery and the change in terminal voltage, the change in terminal voltage when a predetermined electrical load is connected and a predetermined amount of charge is discharged is calculated. A threshold value is determined by comparing it with the initial value.
次に１本発明の従属的目的を達成する手段について箇条
書きする。Next, means for achieving one of the subordinate objects of the present invention will be itemized.
１、温度補正：バッテリを代表する温度を検出して、電
圧負荷による始動前放電中
の電圧・電流の温度補正をして寿
命診断を行なう。1. Temperature correction: Detect the temperature representative of the battery, perform temperature correction on voltage and current during pre-start discharge due to voltage load, and perform life diagnosis.
２、休止期間：エンジンの停止と始動の間にバッテリの
静特性がよみがえるのに必
要な時間３ｈ以上を介在した時に
限り寿命診断機能が動作する。2. Shutdown period: The life diagnosis function operates only when there is a period of 3 hours or more required for the static characteristics of the battery to recover between engine stop and start.
４、放電電荷量：放電させる所定電荷量を少なくとも１
Ａ秒以上とし、その放電
前後における端子電圧の変化分
から、バッテリの残存容量を割
す出し、充電制御の補正書また
は寿命診断の指標とする。4. Amount of discharged charge: The predetermined amount of charge to be discharged is at least 1
A second or more, and the remaining capacity of the battery is determined from the change in terminal voltage before and after discharge, and is used as a correction report for charge control or as an index for life diagnosis.
４、始動時充電率補正：始動前または始動中の所定電荷
量を放電させた時
の端子電圧の変化分をそ
れ以前の始動時の変化分
と比較して、経過時間当
りの′変化率が所期の値よ
り大きい場合、式（１）
の係数ａ、ｂを増加方向
に書き換えるようプログ
ラムを構成する。4. Charge rate correction at start-up: Compare the change in terminal voltage when a predetermined amount of charge is discharged before or during start-up with the change during the previous start-up, and calculate the 'rate of change per elapsed time. If the value is larger than the expected value, the program is configured to rewrite the coefficients a and b in equation (1) in the increasing direction.
５、電圧変化率診断：始動前または始動中の所定電荷量
を放電させた時の端
予電圧の変化分ΔＶｎを、
その初期値ΔＶＢＯとの比
ΔＶＢ ／ΔＶ［ＩＯを求め、こ
れと平均寿命ΔＶＢＥ／
ΔＶＢＯとの相関により余命
を予測診断する。5. Voltage change rate diagnosis: Calculate the ratio ΔVB /ΔV[IO of the change in preliminary voltage ΔVn when discharging a predetermined amount of charge before or during startup to its initial value ΔVBO, and calculate this and the average lifespan. Predictive diagnosis of remaining life based on the correlation with ΔVBE/ΔVBO.
６、関数診断：始動前または始劾巾の所定電荷量を放電
させた時の端子電圧の変化
分とその初期値とを実測すること
によって、Δｖ８の経時変化の平
均的関数式ΔＶｎ＝ｆ（ｔ）から余
命を予測診断する。6. Function diagnosis: By actually measuring the change in terminal voltage and its initial value before starting or when discharging a predetermined amount of charge for the initial charge, the average function equation of the change over time of Δv8 ΔVn=f( t) to predict and diagnose remaining life.
バッテリの状態監視手法における本発明のポイントは、
前歴、環境状態および測定条件の影響を比較的受けにく
い具体的な方法を提供することにある。The key points of the present invention in the battery condition monitoring method are:
The object of the present invention is to provide a concrete method that is relatively unaffected by previous history, environmental conditions, and measurement conditions.
本発明によれば充放電電荷量が式（１）の関係を満たす
ように充電制御されるので、正規状態ではバッテリの充
電電荷量の水準は一定である。さらに３時間以上の休止
期間後に１Ａ秒以上の電荷量の放電によって生じる電圧
変化ΔＶＢは、実験的に明確な差が得られることが検証
されている。According to the present invention, since charging is controlled so that the amount of charge and discharge satisfies the relationship of equation (1), the level of the amount of charge of the battery is constant in a normal state. Furthermore, it has been experimentally verified that a clear difference can be obtained in the voltage change ΔVB caused by discharging a charge amount of 1 A second or more after a rest period of 3 hours or more.
この検証結果は第３図に示す通りである。すなわち１Ａ
秒以上で臨界的に新旧バッテリでの差違が明確に得られ
ている。The verification results are shown in FIG. i.e. 1A
The critical difference between the new and old batteries is clearly obtained in seconds or more.
バッテリの残存容量は、端子電圧が例えば１１Ｖの所定
電圧に低下するまでの放電電荷量として測る。一般にこ
の残存容量は使用時間とともに低減し、初期値との比α
は第４図のような関係となる。寿命はαが例えば０．３
〜０．１にあると考えられる０図中αＥ、ｔＥはこれを
示す。The remaining capacity of the battery is measured as the amount of charge discharged until the terminal voltage drops to a predetermined voltage of, for example, 11V. In general, this remaining capacity decreases with time of use, and the ratio of the initial value to α
The relationship is as shown in Figure 4. For example, α is 0.3 for the lifespan.
αE and tE in the figure, which are considered to be at ~0.1, indicate this.
バッテリの保有する有効電荷量の計測を簡便迅速にしか
も精度よく行なう具体的な方法として、一定電荷量を放
電させた時の端子電圧降下ΔＶＢを初期値と比較し、そ
の経時変化から求めることを本発明では基本手法として
採択した。第５図にこの電圧降下ΔＶＢの経時変化の傾
向を示す。バッテリの残存電荷量が同じ場合、ΔＶＢの
経時変化は増加傾向を示す。従って初期値ΔＶＢｓとｈ
命値ΔＶＢＥとの比または差を予め設定することにより
、中間値ΔＶ ａ ｔが計測された時、寿命予知診断が
できる１図中ΔＶＢ曲線を平均的な関数で表わすことに
より、統計的な余命または寿命到達時期を予測すること
ができる。As a specific method for easily and quickly and accurately measuring the amount of effective charge held by a battery, we compare the terminal voltage drop ΔVB when a certain amount of charge is discharged with the initial value, and calculate it from its change over time. In the present invention, this method was adopted as the basic method. FIG. 5 shows the tendency of this voltage drop ΔVB over time. When the remaining charge amount of the battery is the same, the change in ΔVB over time shows an increasing tendency. Therefore, the initial value ΔVBs and h
By setting the ratio or difference with the life value ΔVBE in advance, life expectancy can be predicted when the intermediate value ΔV a t is measured.1 By expressing the ΔVB curve in the figure as an average function, the statistical remaining life Or, it is possible to predict when the life span will be reached.
第６図はバッテリが充電制御状態において、放電電荷量
ＱＤＣと充電電荷量ＱＣを時分割してプロットしたもの
である。実験的にバッテリ上りを皆無にし、充電の最適
化による長寿命化を計るための充放電荷量の相関関数を
設定することができる。FIG. 6 is a time-division plot of the amount of discharged charge QDC and the amount of charged charge QC when the battery is in a charging control state. It is possible to experimentally set a correlation function for the amount of charge and discharge in order to completely eliminate battery life and extend the lifespan by optimizing charging.
以下、本発明の実施例を図面により説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
バッテリ１にオルタネータ２．スタータ３が並列接続さ
れる。スタータ３はエンジン４とギアで連結し、電磁開
閉器−巨−はエンジンキースイッチ６で開閉動作する。Battery 1 and alternator 2. Starters 3 are connected in parallel. The starter 3 is connected to the engine 4 through a gear, and an electromagnetic switch (large) is opened and closed by an engine key switch 6.
オルタネータ２は励磁コイル７で出力電圧が調整され、
整流器９を通り交直変換後ヒユーズボックス１０を経て
各種負荷または必要に応じてバッテリに電気エネルギー
を供給する。The output voltage of the alternator 2 is adjusted by the excitation coil 7,
Electrical energy is supplied to various loads or to a battery as required through a fuse box 10 after passing through a rectifier 9 and AC/DC conversion.
バッテリ１に接続されたハーネス１１の両端Ａ。Both ends A of the harness 11 are connected to the battery 1.
Ｂには充放電電流による電圧降下から電流を検出するた
めの増巾器１２があり、これからの電気信号ＩＢと、バ
ッテリ端子電圧信号Ｖｎ、バッテリ電解液・電極の代表
的平均温度を検出する温度センサ１３からの温度信号Ｔ
Ｂが、工／○ユニット１４に入力する。B has an amplifier 12 for detecting the current from the voltage drop due to the charging/discharging current, and detects the electric signal IB, the battery terminal voltage signal Vn, and the representative average temperature of the battery electrolyte/electrode. Temperature signal T from sensor 13
B inputs into the engineering/○ unit 14.
本発明の信号処理手順について、第２図を用いて説明す
る。まずドアスイッチ１９が作動したら。The signal processing procedure of the present invention will be explained using FIG. 2. First, when door switch 19 is activated.
無負荷（または、微少負荷）端子電圧Ｖｓｏと、バッテ
リ液温度を代表する温度ＴＢを測定する６次に、このＶ
ａｏとＴａより、（１）式より、残存容量Ｑｏ を求め
る。Measure the no-load (or slight load) terminal voltage Vso and the temperature TB representing the battery fluid temperature.Next, this V
From ao and Ta, the remaining capacity Qo is calculated from equation (1).
ＱＯ：（！ＶＢＯ＋βＴａ−・・・（１）ここでα、β
は、バッテリによって、固有の定数である。QO: (!VBO+βTa-...(1) Here α, β
is a battery-specific constant.
上記残存容量が例えば公称容量の７５％以上で、エンジ
ンの休止時間が例えば３時間以上経過している場合、バ
ッテリの寿命を予測する次の動作を行なう。If the remaining capacity is, for example, 75% or more of the nominal capacity and the engine is not in operation for three hours or more, the following operation for predicting the battery life is performed.
まず、測定したＶａｏ、Ｔａ＋ Ｑｏをコンピュータに
記憶する。次に例えば５０Ａ以下の放電を行ない放電電
荷量Ｑｏｏが１〜８０Ａ秒の所定の値まで放電し端子電
圧Ｖａの変化ΔＶ ｎ ｌを測定する。ここでコンピュ
ータには、あらかじめ実験的に求めら九たバッテリの寿
命末期における平均的な端子電圧Ｖａの変化、ΔＶ［ｌ
Ｅが記憶しておく。また、バッテリを最初に搭載した時
のバッテリの寿命状態がまだ寿命初期の状態にあって、
充電状態が公称容量の７５％以上の時におけ３端子電圧
ｖ８の変化で、例えば２〜１０回までの端子電圧ＶＢの
変化の平均値を、搭載したバッテリの初期値ΔＶｓｏと
してコンピュータに記憶する。上記データよりまずΔＶ
Ｂｌと、ΔＶＢｏとの比（ΔＶ ａ ｓ ／ΔＶＢｏ）
を求め、こ九とΔＶＢＥとΔＶＢｏとの比（ΔＶＢＥ／
ΔＶ［ｌＯ）とを比較し、バッテリの寿命を予測診断す
る。First, the measured Vao and Ta+Qo are stored in the computer. Next, for example, a discharge of 50 A or less is performed until the amount of discharged charge Qoo reaches a predetermined value of 1 to 80 A seconds, and a change ΔV n l in the terminal voltage Va is measured. Here, the computer calculates the change in the average terminal voltage Va at the end of the battery's life, which has been experimentally determined in advance, ΔV[l
E will remember it. Also, when the battery is first installed, the battery life is still in the early stages of its life.
When the charging state is 75% or more of the nominal capacity, the average value of the changes in the terminal voltage VB from 2 to 10 times, for example, is stored in the computer as the initial value ΔVso of the installed battery. From the above data, first ΔV
Ratio between Bl and ΔVBo (ΔV a s /ΔVBo)
Find the ratio of ΔVBE and ΔVBo (ΔVBE/
ΔV[lO] is compared to predict and diagnose the battery life.
上記により診断されたバッテリの寿命状態からへ゛ツテ
リの千金を求め、運転者の表示する。Based on the life condition of the battery diagnosed as above, the amount of extra charge is calculated and displayed to the driver.
次に、充放電関係式（２）式により目標充電電荷量ＱＣ
を設定する。Next, the target charge amount QC is calculated using the charge/discharge relational expression (2).
Set.
ＱＣ≧ａ ＱＤＣ＋ ｂ −−
（２）ここで、ＱＤＣは残存容ｆｃＱと、公称容量との
差からエンジン始動前の不足充電量ＱＤＣを求め、これ
と、エンジン始動までの放電電荷Ｑ ｏ １を加算して
得る６
ＱＤＣ＝ Ｑ ｄ ｏ＋ Ｑ ｄ １
・＝ ・・・（３）また（１）式における係数ａ、
ｂは、ΔＶＢｔとΔ■Ｂｏとを比較し１例えばΔＶ［ｌ
Ｏを初期値として、ΔＶＢＩの変化率が、１０％以上と
なった場合、ａ。QC≧a QDC+ b --
(2) Here, QDC is obtained by calculating the insufficient charge amount QDC before starting the engine from the difference between the remaining capacity fcQ and the nominal capacity, and adding this and the discharge charge Q o 1 until starting the engine 6 QDC= Q d o+ Q d 1
・= ...(3) Also, the coefficient a in equation (1),
b compares ΔVBt and Δ■Bo and calculates 1, for example, ΔV[l
If the rate of change in ΔVBI is 10% or more with O as the initial value, a.
ｂは、増加される様に設定する様にコンピュータにより
制御する。エンジン始動後は、充電放電電流を常時測定
し、積分して（２）式を満すまで充電電流を制御する。b is controlled by the computer to be set to increase. After starting the engine, the charging/discharging current is constantly measured, integrated, and the charging current is controlled until it satisfies equation (2).
充電電流は、オルタネータ２の出力電圧を調節するレギ
ュレータ８をコンピュータで制御する。すなわち、オル
タネータの出力電圧を上下させる事でバッテリに流入す
る電流を調節する。目標充電電荷量ＱＣの充電が終了す
ると、充電電流は、０もしくは微かに充電される程度に
制御される。The charging current is controlled by a computer through a regulator 8 that regulates the output voltage of the alternator 2. That is, the current flowing into the battery is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the output voltage of the alternator. When charging of the target charge amount QC is completed, the charging current is controlled to be 0 or slightly charged.
また、エンジン休止期間が例えば３時間以下の場合、寿
命度合の診断は行なわず充電制御は、前回のエンジン動
作時の制御内容を引きつぐ。Further, when the engine stop period is, for example, 3 hours or less, the lifespan level is not diagnosed and the charging control continues from the control content during the previous engine operation.
すなわち、ａ 、 ｂ ＋ ＱＤＣ＋ ＱＣの数値は前
回のものと同じくなるように制御する。That is, the numerical values of a, b + QDC + QC are controlled to be the same as the previous values.
また、エンジン休止時間は３時間以上であるが残存容量
が例えば７５％以下の場合も寿命度合の診断は行なわず
、前回動作時の制御内容を引きつぐ。Further, even if the engine stop time is 3 hours or more but the remaining capacity is, for example, 75% or less, the lifespan level is not diagnosed and the control contents from the previous operation are carried over.
ただし、目標充電量ＱＣは、ＱＤＣにより算出される。However, the target charge amount QC is calculated by QDC.
（したがって前回から引きつぐ数値は、ａ。(Therefore, the numerical value carried over from the previous time is a.
ｂという事になる。）
次に、エンジン停止時は、ＱＣ ｓ Ｑｎｃ、 ａ、
ｂを記憶して、コンピュータは、スイッチＯＦＦとなる
。This means b. ) Next, when the engine is stopped, QC s Qnc, a,
b is memorized and the computer is switched off.
その他の実施例として、目標充電量ＱＣが未達のまま、
エンジンストップとなった場合、Ｎ転者に充電不足であ
る事を警告する事もできる。As another example, if the target charge amount QC is not reached,
If the engine stops, it is also possible to warn the N driver that the battery is insufficiently charged.
また、バッテリの電解液は、水が分解してしまうため減
少する。Additionally, the electrolyte in the battery decreases as water decomposes.
水の分解による減液では電解液の比重は、上るため、無
負荷の端子電圧は、高くなる。そこで、寿命度診断のた
め、５０Ａ以下の放電を行なう直前と直後で、端子電圧
を比較し、その電圧差が大きい程、水の分解が多い。す
なわち液量が減っていると診断できる。また、減液は、
水の分留だけが原因ではないため、液レベルセンサとの
診断結果と合せて、液補充を警告す、る事もできる。As the electrolyte decreases due to water decomposition, the specific gravity of the electrolyte increases, so the no-load terminal voltage increases. Therefore, in order to diagnose the lifespan, the terminal voltages are compared immediately before and after discharging at 50 A or less, and the larger the voltage difference, the more water is decomposed. In other words, it can be diagnosed that the fluid volume is decreasing. In addition, liquid reduction is
Since fractional distillation of water is not the only cause, a warning to replenish the liquid can be issued in conjunction with the diagnosis results from the liquid level sensor.
また、バッテリの充電は完全充電状態を超えて充電する
と、充電電流は流れにくくなる。この状態で充電を進め
ると水が分解し減液の要因となる。Furthermore, when the battery is charged beyond a fully charged state, the charging current becomes difficult to flow. If charging continues in this state, water will decompose and cause liquid loss.
そこで、充電放電電流と、端子電圧とから内部抵抗を求
める。これは必要に応じてバッテリの温度補正する。充
電時の内部抵抗は過充電時は、増加するので、この内部
抵抗により閾値判別し、充電制御部に補正をかける事も
できる。Therefore, the internal resistance is determined from the charging/discharging current and the terminal voltage. This will compensate for battery temperature if necessary. Since the internal resistance during charging increases during overcharging, a threshold value can be determined based on this internal resistance, and correction can be applied to the charging control section.
また、オルタネータの発電限度を越える放電が比較的長
時間にわたり続けられバッテリの残存電荷量が１次のエ
ンジン始動に必要な最少残存電荷量を下回った場合、警
報を表示し負荷を少なくする様促すか、必要に応じて、
負荷を自動遮断する事も可能である。 。In addition, if the discharge exceeding the alternator's power generation limit continues for a relatively long period of time and the remaining charge in the battery falls below the minimum remaining charge required for primary engine starting, an alarm will be displayed to prompt the user to reduce the load. or, if necessary,
It is also possible to automatically shut off the load. .
本発明によれば、充電制御、ノを命診断に必要な検出精
度特にデータの再現性に優れたしかも簡便・迅速な測定
法を提供することができる。According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a simple and quick measuring method that has excellent detection accuracy, especially data reproducibility, necessary for charge control and life diagnosis.
本発明で提案している境界条件を満たすことにより、寿
命予知診断をより明確に行なうことができ、さらにバッ
テリ上りを皆無にし、過充電・過放電を防止し、警報表
示により適切な対応策をドライバに知らせ、メンテナン
スのフリー化・容易化に寄与する。By satisfying the boundary conditions proposed in the present invention, it is possible to more clearly perform life prediction diagnosis, eliminate battery drain, prevent overcharging and overdischarging, and take appropriate countermeasures by displaying alarms. It notifies the driver and contributes to free and easy maintenance.
さらに本発明の充放電電荷量の相関関係を最適化するこ
とにより、バッテリの長寿命化にも寄与し、そのバッテ
リの寿命を全うするようにもできる。Furthermore, by optimizing the correlation between the amount of charge and discharge according to the present invention, it is possible to contribute to extending the life of the battery, and to make it possible to complete the life of the battery.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示すシステム構成図、第２
図は本発明の一実施例のフローチャート、第３図は放電
電荷量と降下電圧ΔＶＢの相関関係を示す線図、第４図
は残存容量低減率の経時変化を示す線図、第５図は電圧
降下ΔＶＢの経時変化を示す線図、第６図は充放電電荷
量の相関関係を示す線図である。
１・・・バッテリ、２・・・オルタネータ、３・・・ス
タータ、４・・・エンジン、１１．１２・・・バッテリ
端子電圧。
充放電電流検出手段、１５・・・寿命予測、充電制御１
５−Ｊ４“千７凡１乙？Ｉクデン脣ン７寸マイククづン
こ５−７萬２ の
第４０
間開を
第６ 図Fig. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is a flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the correlation between the amount of discharged charge and the voltage drop ΔVB, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the change over time in the residual capacity reduction rate, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the change in voltage drop ΔVB over time, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the correlation between the amount of charge and discharge. 1... Battery, 2... Alternator, 3... Starter, 4... Engine, 11.12... Battery terminal voltage. Charging/discharging current detection means, 15...life prediction, charging control 1
5-J4 "1,700,000 1 Otsu? I Kuden's 7-inch Mike Kuzunko 5-7, 2's 40th opening in Figure 6
Claims (1)
用電源系統をセンサとマイクロコンピュータとにより充
電制御・診断する装置において、バッテリの端子電圧と
充放電電流を検出する手段を有し、エンジン始動中又は
始動直前にバッテリに接続された電気負荷によるバッテ
リの放電電荷量と端子電圧との変化の関係を求め、この
関係から少なくとも寿命を予測診断する機能又は充電制
御を補正する機能を備えてなることを特徴とする自動車
用バッテリ充電制御・診断装置。 ２、特許請求の範囲第１項において、前記バッテリを代
表する温度を検出して、前記バッテリの寿命を予測診断
する機能を備えてなる自動車用バッテリ充電制御・診断
装置。 ３、特許請求の範囲第１項において、エンジン停止と始
動の間に、バッテリの静特性がよみがえるのに必要な所
要の時間が介在した時に限り寿命診断機能が動作するよ
うに構成された自動車用バッテリ充電制御・診断装置。 ４、特許請求の範囲第１項において、所定の電気負荷を
接続して所定の電荷量を放電させた時の端子電圧の変化
分を、その初期値と比較して閾値判別する機能を備えて
なる自動車用バッテリ充電制御・診断装置。 ５、特許請求の範囲第１項、第４項において、放電させ
る所定電荷量を少なくとも１Ａ秒以上としその放電前後
における端子電圧の変化分からバッテリの残存容量を割
り出し、充電制御の補正量または寿命診断の指標とする
自動車用バッテリ充電制御・診断装置。 ６、特許請求の範囲第１項において、前記充電制御のた
めの充電電荷量Ｑ＿Ｃと放電電荷量Ｑ＿Ｄ＿Ｃの充放電
関係式をＱ＿Ｃ＝Ｑ＿Ｄ＿Ｃ＋ｂとし、ａは０．５〜１
．５、ｂは１０〜７０ｍＡｈ／ｋｍの間で運転履歴に応
じて設定されるように、コントローラからオルタネータ
にフィードバックし安定化制御する機能を備えてなる自
動車用バッテリ充電制御・診断装置。 ７、特許請求の範囲第１項、第６項において、始動前ま
たは始動中の所定電荷量を放電させた時の端子電圧の変
化分をそれ以前の始動時の変化分と比較して、経過時間
当りの変化率が所期の値より大きい場合、前記充放電関
係式の係数ａまたはｂを増加方向に書き換えるようプロ
グラムを構成したことを特徴とする自動車用バッテリ充
電制御・診断装置。 ８、特許請求の範囲第１項記載において、始動前または
始動中の所定電荷量を放電させた時の端子電圧の変化分
ΔＶ＿Ｂ＿１を、その初期値ΔＶ＿Ｂ＿０との比ΔＶ＿
Ｂ＿１／ΔＶ＿Ｂ＿０を求め、これと平均寿命における
電圧降下ΔＶ＿Ｂ＿Ｅとの比ΔＶ＿Ｂ＿Ｅ／ΔＶ＿Ｂ＿
０との相関により余命を予測診断するよう設定してなる
自動車用バッテリ充電制御・診断装置。 ９、特許請求の範囲第１項記載において、始動前または
始動中の所定電荷量を放電させた時の端子電圧の変化分
と、その初期値とを実測することによつて、ΔＶ＿Ｂの
経時変化の平均的関数式ΔＶ＿Ｂ＝ｆ（ｔ）から余命期
間または寿命到達時期を予測診断するよう設定してなる
自動車用バッテリ充電制御・診断装置。 １０、特許請求の範囲第１項において、通常操作時エン
ジンキースイッチ操作以前に作動すべきスイッチの動作
により、バッテリの放電電荷量と端子電圧の変化との関
係を求めるようにシーケンスを構成してなる自動車用バ
ッテリ充電制御・診断装置。 １１、特許請求の範囲第１項において、所定の電気負荷
を接続して、所定時間放電させた時の端子電圧の変化分
を、その初期値と比較して閾値判別するよう設定してな
る自動車用バッテリ充電制御・診断装置。 １２、特許請求の範囲第１項記載において、バッテリの
放電電荷量と端子電圧の変化の関係を求める前提条件と
して、前回エンジン停止時から少なくとも３時間以上経
過した後とすることを特徴とする自動車用バッテリ充電
制御・診断装置。 １３、特許請求の範囲第１項および第６項記載の発明に
おいて、充放電関係式がＱ＿Ｃ≧ａＱ＿Ｄ＿Ｃ＋ｂの関
係が未達の場合、注意表示により所要の充電電荷量を確
保するように構成してなる自動車用バッテリ充電制御・
診断装置。 １４、特許請求の範囲第１項において、エンジン始動前
の無負荷また微負荷端子電圧を計測し、バッテリ液補充
の要否を診断し、必要に応じてバッテリ液レベルセンサ
の診断結果と合せて、液補充を警告表示するように構成
してなる自動車用バッテリ充電制御・診断装置。 １５、特許請求の範囲第１項において、バッテリ充電時
に端子電圧と充電 電流から内部抵抗を求め、必要に応
じて該内部抵抗にバッテリ温度の補正をした上で、該内
部抵抗により過充電の閾値判別をして、充電制御に補正
を加え、該閾値以内に維持するようにして、過充電を防
止するよう構成してなる自動車用バッテリ充電制御・診
断装置。 １６、特許請求の範囲第１項において、予め気温とバッ
テリ電圧にリンクして定めた、クランキングに必要な最
少残存電荷量を下回つた時、少なくとも警報表示し、必
要に応じて負荷を自動遮断するよう構成してなる自動車
用バッテリ充電制御・診断装置。[Claims] 1. A device for controlling and diagnosing charging of an automobile power supply system consisting of an alternator, a starter, and a battery using a sensor and a microcomputer, comprising means for detecting terminal voltage and charging/discharging current of the battery; Equipped with a function to determine the relationship between the terminal voltage and the amount of charge discharged from the battery due to the electrical load connected to the battery during or just before starting the engine, and to predict and diagnose at least the lifespan from this relationship or to correct charging control. An automotive battery charging control/diagnosis device characterized by: 2. An automobile battery charging control/diagnosis device according to claim 1, which has a function of detecting a temperature representative of the battery and predicting and diagnosing the life of the battery. 3. According to claim 1, for an automobile, the life diagnosis function is configured to operate only when the time required for the static characteristics of the battery to recover is interposed between stopping and starting the engine. Battery charging control/diagnosis device. 4. In claim 1, the device has a function of determining a threshold value by comparing a change in terminal voltage when a predetermined electric load is connected and a predetermined amount of charge is discharged with an initial value thereof. Automotive battery charging control/diagnosis device. 5. In claims 1 and 4, the remaining capacity of the battery is determined from the change in terminal voltage before and after the discharge, with the predetermined amount of charge to be discharged being at least 1 A second, and the correction amount for charge control or life diagnosis. Automotive battery charging control/diagnosis device used as an indicator. 6. In claim 1, the charging/discharging relational expression between the charging charge amount Q_C and the discharging charge amount Q_D_C for the charging control is set as Q_C=Q_D_C+b, and a is 0.5 to 1.
．． 5.b is an automobile battery charging control/diagnosis device having a function of performing stabilization control by feeding back from the controller to the alternator so that the speed is set between 10 and 70 mAh/km according to the driving history. 7. In claims 1 and 6, the amount of change in the terminal voltage when a predetermined amount of charge is discharged before or during starting is compared with the amount of change during the previous starting, and the elapsed time is determined. An automobile battery charging control/diagnostic device, characterized in that a program is configured to rewrite coefficient a or b of the charge/discharge relational expression in an increasing direction when the rate of change per hour is larger than a predetermined value. 8. In claim 1, the ratio ΔV_ of the change in terminal voltage ΔV_B_1 when a predetermined amount of charge is discharged before or during startup to its initial value ΔV_B_0
Find B_1/ΔV_B_0 and calculate the ratio of this to the voltage drop ΔV_B_E during the average lifespan, ΔV_B_E/ΔV_B_
An automobile battery charging control/diagnosis device configured to predict and diagnose remaining life based on a correlation with 0. 9. In claim 1, the change in ΔV_B over time is determined by actually measuring the change in terminal voltage when a predetermined amount of charge is discharged before or during startup, and its initial value. An automobile battery charging control/diagnosis device configured to predict and diagnose the remaining life period or the time at which the life span is reached from the average function equation ΔV_B=f(t). 10. In claim 1, the sequence is configured to determine the relationship between the amount of discharged charge of the battery and the change in terminal voltage by operating a switch that should be activated before operating the engine key switch during normal operation. Automotive battery charging control/diagnosis device. 11. An automobile according to claim 1, wherein a change in terminal voltage when a predetermined electrical load is connected and discharged for a predetermined period of time is compared with an initial value to determine a threshold value. battery charging control/diagnosis device. 12. An automobile as set forth in claim 1, wherein the precondition for determining the relationship between the amount of discharged charge of the battery and the change in terminal voltage is after at least three hours have elapsed since the last time the engine was stopped. battery charging control/diagnosis device. 13. In the invention described in claims 1 and 6, if the charging/discharging relational expression does not satisfy the relationship Q_C≧aQ_D_C+b, the system is configured to ensure the required charge amount by displaying a warning. Automotive battery charging control
Diagnostic equipment. 14. In claim 1, the no-load or slight-load terminal voltage is measured before the engine is started, the necessity of replenishing the battery fluid is diagnosed, and if necessary, the voltage is measured along with the diagnosis result of the battery fluid level sensor. An automobile battery charging control/diagnosis device configured to display a warning display for fluid replenishment. 15. In claim 1, when charging a battery, the internal resistance is determined from the terminal voltage and charging current, the internal resistance is corrected for the battery temperature, and then the overcharging threshold is determined from the internal resistance. An automobile battery charging control/diagnosis device configured to make a determination, correct the charging control, and maintain it within the threshold value to prevent overcharging. 16. In claim 1, when the amount of remaining charge falls below the minimum amount of charge necessary for cranking, which is determined in advance by linking the temperature and battery voltage, at least an alarm is displayed and the load is automatically adjusted as necessary. An automobile battery charging control/diagnosis device configured to shut off the battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61171375A JPH0658398B2 (en) | 1986-07-21 | 1986-07-21 | Car battery diagnostic method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61171375A JPH0658398B2 (en) | 1986-07-21 | 1986-07-21 | Car battery diagnostic method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6327776A true JPS6327776A (en) | 1988-02-05 |
| JPH0658398B2 JPH0658398B2 (en) | 1994-08-03 |
Family
ID=15922015
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61171375A Expired - Lifetime JPH0658398B2 (en) | 1986-07-21 | 1986-07-21 | Car battery diagnostic method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0658398B2 (en) |
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| US11668779B2 (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2023-06-06 | Midtronics, Inc. | Hybrid and electric vehicle battery pack maintenance device |
| US11740294B2 (en) | 2010-06-03 | 2023-08-29 | Midtronics, Inc. | High use battery pack maintenance |
| US11973202B2 (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2024-04-30 | Midtronics, Inc. | Intelligent module interface for battery maintenance device |
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| JPS53103128A (en) * | 1977-02-18 | 1978-09-08 | Fujitsu Ten Ltd | Inspection method of battery for automobile |
| JPS60195467A (en) * | 1984-03-16 | 1985-10-03 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | Method for deciding capacity and life of battery |
| JPS60245403A (en) * | 1984-05-18 | 1985-12-05 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | Discriminating method of lifetime of storage battery for vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53103128A (en) * | 1977-02-18 | 1978-09-08 | Fujitsu Ten Ltd | Inspection method of battery for automobile |
| JPS60195467A (en) * | 1984-03-16 | 1985-10-03 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | Method for deciding capacity and life of battery |
| JPS60245403A (en) * | 1984-05-18 | 1985-12-05 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | Discriminating method of lifetime of storage battery for vehicle |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001051944A1 (en) * | 2000-01-13 | 2001-07-19 | Gnb Technologies, Inc. | Alternator tester |
| JP2003346918A (en) * | 2002-05-28 | 2003-12-05 | Braun Gmbh | Managing method for rechargeable battery |
| JP2007271438A (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-18 | Furukawa Battery Co Ltd:The | Method and device for estimating life of lead-acid battery |
| US11650259B2 (en) | 2010-06-03 | 2023-05-16 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery pack maintenance for electric vehicle |
| US11740294B2 (en) | 2010-06-03 | 2023-08-29 | Midtronics, Inc. | High use battery pack maintenance |
| US10429449B2 (en) | 2011-11-10 | 2019-10-01 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery pack tester |
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| US9851411B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2017-12-26 | Keith S. Champlin | Suppressing HF cable oscillations during dynamic measurements of cells and batteries |
| US10046649B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2018-08-14 | Midtronics, Inc. | Hybrid and electric vehicle battery pack maintenance device |
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| CN103091639A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-05-08 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Battery service life detecting method and detecting device |
| US10843574B2 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2020-11-24 | Midtronics, Inc. | Calibration and programming of in-vehicle battery sensors |
| US9923289B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2018-03-20 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery clamp with endoskeleton design |
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| US10222397B2 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2019-03-05 | Midtronics, Inc. | Cable connector for electronic battery tester |
| US10317468B2 (en) | 2015-01-26 | 2019-06-11 | Midtronics, Inc. | Alternator tester |
| US9966676B2 (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2018-05-08 | Midtronics, Inc. | Kelvin connector adapter for storage battery |
| US11054480B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2021-07-06 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electrical load for electronic battery tester and electronic battery tester including such electrical load |
| US11513160B2 (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2022-11-29 | Midtronics, Inc. | Vehicle battery maintenance device |
| US11545839B2 (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2023-01-03 | Midtronics, Inc. | System for charging a series of connected batteries |
| US11668779B2 (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2023-06-06 | Midtronics, Inc. | Hybrid and electric vehicle battery pack maintenance device |
| US11474153B2 (en) | 2019-11-12 | 2022-10-18 | Midtronics, Inc. | Battery pack maintenance system |
| US11973202B2 (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2024-04-30 | Midtronics, Inc. | Intelligent module interface for battery maintenance device |
| US11486930B2 (en) | 2020-01-23 | 2022-11-01 | Midtronics, Inc. | Electronic battery tester with battery clamp storage holsters |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0658398B2 (en) | 1994-08-03 |
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