JPS63232064A - Two-system hydraulic brake device for vehicle - Google Patents
Two-system hydraulic brake device for vehicleInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63232064A JPS63232064A JP6254287A JP6254287A JPS63232064A JP S63232064 A JPS63232064 A JP S63232064A JP 6254287 A JP6254287 A JP 6254287A JP 6254287 A JP6254287 A JP 6254287A JP S63232064 A JPS63232064 A JP S63232064A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- brake
- spool
- valve
- pressure oil
- hydraulic brake
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
- B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T11/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant
- B60T11/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
- B60T11/28—Valves specially adapted therefor
- B60T11/32—Automatic cut-off valves for defective pipes
- B60T11/323—Automatic cut-off valves for defective pipes in hydraulic systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transmission Of Braking Force In Braking Systems (AREA)
- Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
この発明は２前後輪の両油圧ブレーキ部を分流弁から２
系統で操作できるようにした車両の２系統油圧ブレーキ
装置に間する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) This invention provides two hydraulic brake parts for two front and rear wheels from a diversion valve.
It is installed in a vehicle's two-system hydraulic brake system that can be operated in one system.
（従来の技術）
従来、この種の油圧ブレーキ装置として見られる特表昭
５６−５０１００１号公報記載のものは１両蓄圧器にそ
れぞれ連通する両ブレーキ弁により前後輪の両油圧ブレ
ーキ部をそれぞれ作動させる構造になっており、また、
特開昭５３−１３１３６５号公報記載のものは、蓄圧器
に連通ずるブレーキ弁により１前後輪の両油圧ブレーキ
部をそれぞれ作動させる両安全弁を作動する構造になっ
ている。(Prior art) Conventionally, this type of hydraulic brake device described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 56-501001 operates both front and rear hydraulic brake parts by means of both brake valves, which are respectively connected to one pressure accumulator. It has a structure that allows
The vehicle disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-131365 has a structure in which a brake valve communicating with a pressure accumulator operates both safety valves that respectively operate both hydraulic brake sections of one front and rear wheels.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
そのため、前者の場合では１両ブレーキ弁によるので前
後輪のブレーキ油圧が異なって片効きすることになった
り、蓄圧器からの配管が２系統となって複雑になるとと
もにコストアップとなり、また、後者の場合では、シリ
ンダ型の安全弁であるため、流量を大きくとれずにブレ
ーキの効き遅れが生じたり、大形となると車両構造上、
不具合が生じるといった問題点を有している。(Problem to be solved by the invention) Therefore, in the former case, since one brake valve is used, the brake oil pressure of the front and rear wheels is different and one side works, and the piping from the pressure accumulator is complicated because there are two systems. In the latter case, since it is a cylinder-type safety valve, it may not be possible to obtain a large flow rate, resulting in a delay in brake effectiveness, and if it is large, it may cause problems due to the structure of the vehicle.
This has the problem of causing problems.
（間囚点を屏決するための手段）
この発明シよ、そのような間８点を屏決し１片効きが生
じたり、ブレーキの効き遅れを生じないように２系統を
良好に作動させたり警報できるようにするとともに配管
を簡単にすることができるようにしたものであり３その
ため、蓄圧器に連通ずるブレーキ弁の油圧制？１１部を
分流弁の圧油入口に連通連設するとともに１前後輪の両
油圧ブレーキ部にそれぞれ配管して連通ずる再圧油出口
を分流弁にそれぞれ連設し９分流弁内には前記圧油入口
を再圧油出口に内通するとともに圧油により再圧油出口
の一方を閉鎖できるスプールを移動可能にして介装し、
該スプールの移動により警報装置を作動できるように装
設して構成したものである。(Means for Determining Interval Points) This invention is designed to determine such eight points and to properly operate two systems and provide an alarm so as not to cause one-sided braking or delay in brake effectiveness. 3 Therefore, the hydraulic control of the brake valve that communicates with the pressure accumulator is required. Part 11 is connected to the pressure oil inlet of the diverter valve, and a repressurized oil outlet is connected to the divider valve by piping to both the hydraulic brake parts of the front and rear wheels. A movable spool is interposed to allow the oil inlet to pass through the repressurized oil outlet and to close one side of the repressurized oil outlet with pressurized oil,
The alarm device is installed and configured so that the alarm device can be activated by the movement of the spool.
（作用）
したがって、圧油入口から分流弁に流入する圧油をスプ
ール内を通し両ブレーキ部へ等圧で等量を分流できるこ
とになって同様に作動させることができることになり１
両ブレーキ部の一部の作動によりその破損側への送油を
停止させて警報できることになる。(Function) Therefore, the pressure oil flowing into the diversion valve from the pressure oil inlet can be diverted to both brake parts at equal pressure through the inside of the spool, and can be operated in the same way.
By partially operating both brake parts, oil supply to the damaged side can be stopped and an alarm can be issued.
（実施例） つぎに１図面に示す実施例について説明する。(Example) Next, an embodiment shown in one drawing will be described.
建設車両において５前輸４および後輪５には油圧ブレー
キ部４ａ、５ａをそれぞれ装設し。In the construction vehicle, hydraulic brake parts 4a and 5a are installed on the front wheels 4 and the rear wheels 5, respectively.
ブレーキペダル２ａにより作動させるブレーキ弁の油圧
制御部２にはポンプ１０および蓄圧器１を連通連設して
従来形構造同様に構成する。A pump 10 and a pressure accumulator 1 are connected to a hydraulic control section 2 of a brake valve operated by a brake pedal 2a, and the structure is similar to the conventional structure.
Ａは分流弁で、その一部に形成した圧油入口３には前記
油圧制御部２を連通連設し、前記圧油入口３の近傍他方
側に再圧油出口８，９には＋ｍ記油圧ブレーキ部４ａ、
５ａより延出する配管６．７をそれぞれ連通連設し２分
流弁Ａ内に移動自在に嵌入したスプールａには軸心方向
および放射方向に油路を形成するとともに、前記圧油入
口３に対応する油路内にはボール１１を装入し、スプー
ルａの両端に、ばね１２ａ、１２ｂにより弾圧されて圧
接する両ピストン１３．１４から突出するピストンロフ
ト１３ａ、１４ａを前記ボール１１の近ｆｙ！まで嵌挿
し、オリフィス１５を有する両ピストン１３．１４の外
方側を前記圧油出口８゜９の出口側にバイパス路１６ａ
、１６ｂを介して連通連設して構成する。Reference numeral A denotes a flow divider valve, and a pressure oil inlet 3 formed in a part thereof is connected to the hydraulic pressure control unit 2, and repressurized oil outlets 8 and 9 on the other side near the pressure oil inlet 3 are marked with +m. hydraulic brake part 4a,
The spool a, which is movably fitted into the two-way divider valve A, is provided with pipes 6 and 7 extending from the pipes 5a in communication with each other, and has oil passages in the axial direction and radial direction, and is connected to the pressure oil inlet 3. A ball 11 is inserted into the corresponding oil passage, and piston lofts 13a and 14a protruding from both pistons 13 and 14, which are pressed against each other by springs 12a and 12b, are placed near fy of the ball 11 at both ends of the spool a. ! The outer sides of both pistons 13 and 14 having orifices 15 are connected to the outlet side of the pressure oil outlet 8°9 by bypass passage 16a.
, 16b.
また、前記スプールａの一部の外周には中央の２３１７
３が径小で両側の溝Ｌ７’ｂ、１７ｃが径大となる３つ
のデテント溝を形成し、ばねにより弾圧されるデテント
ポール１８をデテント溝に保合できるように装設し、デ
テントボール１８が清１７ｂ、１７ｃに係合すると該デ
テントボール１８に接触することになる接点１９を、ラ
ンプ２０やバッテリー２１からなる警報装置Ｂに接続し
て構成する。Also, on the outer periphery of a part of the spool a, a central 2317
Three detent grooves are formed, with grooves L7'b and 17c on both sides having a small diameter and large diameter grooves L7'b and 17c on both sides. A contact point 19 that comes into contact with the detent ball 18 when it engages with the detent balls 17b and 17c is connected to an alarm device B consisting of a lamp 20 and a battery 21.
したがって、正常時には、蓄圧器１に貯えられた圧油は
油圧制御部２でブレーキペダル２ａの踏力に応じた圧力
に調整されて分流弁Ａの圧油入口３に流れ、第１図に示
す状態で、スプールａ内で等圧等量のまま再圧油出口８
．９に分流され、そのまま雨油圧ブレーキ部４ａ、５ａ
にそれぞれ供給されることになる。Therefore, under normal conditions, the pressure oil stored in the pressure accumulator 1 is adjusted to a pressure according to the depression force of the brake pedal 2a by the hydraulic control unit 2, and flows into the pressure oil inlet 3 of the diverter valve A, resulting in the state shown in FIG. Then, repressurize the oil at the outlet 8 with the same pressure and the same amount in the spool a.
．． 9, and directly connected to the rain hydraulic brake parts 4a, 5a.
will be supplied to each.
運転中１両配管６．７の回路のいずれか一方が＠損した
場合で９例えば後輪５側の回路が破損した場合には、第
２図に示すように、破損した部位からの漏油により圧油
出口９側の圧力が下がって、スプールａの油路内のボー
ル１１は圧油出口９側に吸い込まれながらピストンロッ
ド１４ａを押すとともに、その方向のシート部２２ｂに
圧接して配管７側の回路を閉鎖することになり、そこで
、圧油がスプールａ内から圧油出口８側に流れて高圧に
なるので、スプールａは第２図において右方向に移動゛
することになって。If either one of the circuits in the two-car piping 6.7 is damaged during operation, for example, if the circuit on the rear wheel 5 side is damaged, oil leaks from the damaged part as shown in Figure 2. As a result, the pressure on the pressure oil outlet 9 side decreases, and the ball 11 in the oil passage of the spool a is sucked into the pressure oil outlet 9 side and pushes the piston rod 14a, and also presses against the seat portion 22b in that direction and pushes the piping 7. The side circuit will be closed, and the pressure oil will flow from inside spool a to the pressure oil outlet 8 side and become high pressure, so spool a will move to the right in FIG.
デテントボール１８は溝１７ａから押し上げられて溝１
７ｂに係合し、油圧制御部２からの圧油流人がなくなっ
てもスプールａは破損回路を閉鎖したまま保持されるこ
とになる。The detent ball 18 is pushed up from the groove 17a and
7b, and even if the flow of pressure oil from the hydraulic control section 2 disappears, the spool a is held with the damage circuit closed.
その場合、溝１７ｂに係合するデテントボール１８は第
３図において仮想線で示すように浮き上がる状態となっ
て接点１９と接触し、警報装置Ｂを作動させてオペレー
タに早急な修理を促すことになる。In that case, the detent ball 18 that engages with the groove 17b will float up as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. Become.
そのようにして、前輪４側の配管６の回路に破損が生じ
ても、スプールａは図面において左側に移動して保持さ
れながら破損回路を閉鎖することになるが、第２図に示
す状態で、配管７例の回路の破損箇所が１さ理されると
、ブレーキペダル２ａを踏んだ圧油がスプールａ内に流
入する状態で、ボール１１とシート部２２ｂの間の隙間
から圧油が少量、洩れながらピストン１４側に流れてピ
ストン１４の図中、左側の空隙を満たすとともに、オリ
フィス１５から流出する油はピストン１４の図中、右側
の空隙に溜ってピストン１４の左右側の油の圧力が等し
くなり、その状態でピストン１４はばね１２ｂにより弾
圧されているため、ピストン１４がスプールａを図中、
左側方向に押すことになって、・第１図に示す正常な状
態に自動的に復帰することになる。In this way, even if the circuit of the piping 6 on the front wheel 4 side is damaged, the spool a will move to the left in the drawing and be held while closing the damaged circuit, but in the state shown in FIG. When the circuit of the 7 examples of piping is damaged, a small amount of pressure oil flows from the gap between the ball 11 and the seat part 22b while the brake pedal 2a is pressed and the pressure oil flows into the spool a. , leaks and flows to the piston 14 side to fill the gap on the left side of the piston 14 in the figure, and the oil flowing out from the orifice 15 accumulates in the gap on the right side of the piston 14 in the figure, increasing the oil pressure on the left and right sides of the piston 14. are equal, and in that state the piston 14 is pressed by the spring 12b, so the piston 14 moves the spool a as shown in the figure.
By pushing it to the left, it will automatically return to the normal state shown in Figure 1.
第４図および第５図は池の実施例を示し、前記実施例と
は同一符号で示すように略同碌に構成するが、スプール
ａには、圧油人口３に連通ずるように両すリフイス２３
．２４を間層をおいて形成するとともに１両正抽出ロ８
，９に連通ずるよう両オリフィス２３．・２４から両端
にかけて延出する油路２３ａ、２４ａをそれぞれ形成し
、スプールａの両端側には圧縮ばね２５ａ、２５ｂをそ
れぞれ介装し、スプールａの外周に間隔をおいて形成し
た両デテント凹部２５ａ、２６ｂに、ばね２７により弾
圧されるシャフト２８が落ちこむように装設するととも
に、該シャフト２８に接触できる接点２９にはランプ３
０やバッテリ３１からなる通常ノーマルクローズ形の警
報装置Ｂを接続して構成する。4 and 5 show an embodiment of the pond, which is constructed almost the same as the embodiment described above as indicated by the same reference numerals. Refuis 23
．． 24 with an interlayer, and one and both positive extraction holes 8
, 9, both orifices 23.・Oil passages 23a and 24a extending from 24 to both ends are formed, compression springs 25a and 25b are respectively interposed on both ends of spool a, and both detent recesses are formed at intervals on the outer circumference of spool a. A shaft 28, which is pressed by a spring 27, is mounted on the shafts 25a and 26b so as to fall therein, and a lamp 3 is attached to a contact point 29 that can come into contact with the shaft 28.
A normally closed type alarm device B consisting of a battery 31 and a battery 31 is connected to the alarm device B.
したがって、第４図に示す通常の状態で、圧油入口３よ
り流入する圧油は等圧等量でスプールａ内を通して再圧
油出口８，９から流出しながら前後輪の両ブレーキ部を
正常に作動できることになるが、前輪側の配管６から油
圧ブレーキ部にかけての回路中に破損が生じた場合には
。Therefore, in the normal state shown in Fig. 4, the pressure oil flowing in from the pressure oil inlet 3 passes through the spool a at equal pressure and in an equal amount and flows out from the repressurization oil outlets 8 and 9, and maintains both the front and rear wheel brake parts normally. However, if damage occurs in the circuit from the front wheel side piping 6 to the hydraulic brake section.
その破ｔＲ箇所より洩油するため、オリフィス２３゜油
路２３ａから配管６側にかけての油圧が低下するととも
に、オリフィス２４．油路２４ａから配管７にかけての
油圧は高圧のまま正常となるので。Since oil leaks from the fracture tR, the oil pressure from the orifice 23° oil passage 23a to the piping 6 side decreases, and the orifice 24. The oil pressure from the oil passage 24a to the pipe 7 remains at a normal high pressure.
スプールａは図中、左側方向に移動して第５図に示す状
態となって、シャフト２８がデテント凹部２６ｂに落ち
込んでスプールａは保持され、破損回路を閉鎖できるこ
とになる。The spool a moves to the left in the figure and becomes the state shown in FIG. 5, and the shaft 28 falls into the detent recess 26b, so that the spool a is held and the broken circuit can be closed.
また、シャフト２日がデテント凹部２６ｂに落ち込むと
、警報ｇ ３ Ｂが作動してオペレータに早急な修理を
促すことになる。Further, if the shaft falls into the detent recess 26b, an alarm g 3 B is activated to prompt the operator to make an immediate repair.
（発明の効果）
このようにこの発明は９分流弁内のスプールを通して前
後輪の両油圧ブレーキ部へ２系統に分流できるように構
成したから、その２系統間で圧力差が生じないようにし
て両ブレーキ部で従来のように片効きとなることのない
ように良好に圧油を作動させることができることになり
。(Effects of the Invention) In this way, the present invention is configured so that the flow can be divided into two systems through the spool in the 9 flow divider valve to both the front and rear hydraulic brake parts, so that no pressure difference occurs between the two systems. This means that the pressure oil can be operated effectively in both brake parts without causing one-sided effect like in the past.
しかも、スプール内を通して大流量を供給できるので、
ブレーキシリンダ容量の大きな建設車両でも、ブレーキ
の効き遅れが生じないよう確実良好にブレーキ作動がで
きることになり１分流弁から両ブレーキ部にいたる回路
中に破損が生じた場合は、警ＩＩＩ装置により確実迅速
に警報ができることになり、また、配管を簡単にしてコ
ンパクト構造にすることができて好適に実施できる特長
を存する。Moreover, since a large flow rate can be supplied through the spool,
Even on construction vehicles with a large brake cylinder capacity, the brakes can be operated reliably and effectively without delay in brake effectiveness.If damage occurs in the circuit from the first diverter valve to both brake sections, the Alert III device will ensure that the brakes are not delayed. This system has the advantage of being able to issue a warning quickly, and that the piping can be simplified and the structure can be made compact, making it suitable for implementation.
第１図はこの発明の実施例である要部の断面図、第２図
は第１図の一部の作動説明図、第３図は第１図の一部と
警報装置を示し、第４図は他の実施例の断面図、第５図
は第４図の一部の作動説明図である。
１・・・蓄圧器、 ２・・・油圧制御部。
Ａ・・・分流弁、 ３・・・圧油入口。
４・・・前輪、 ５・・・後輪。
４ａ、５ａ・・・油圧ブレーキ部。
６．７・・・配管、 ８，９・・・圧油出口。
ａ・・・スプール、 Ｂ警報装置。Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the main part of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a part of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 shows a part of Fig. 1 and an alarm device, and Fig. 4 The figure is a sectional view of another embodiment, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a part of FIG. 4. 1... Pressure accumulator, 2... Hydraulic control unit. A...Diversion valve, 3...Pressure oil inlet. 4...Front wheel, 5...Rear wheel. 4a, 5a... Hydraulic brake section. 6.7...Piping, 8,9...Pressure oil outlet. a...Spool, B alarm device.
Claims (1)
油入口に連通連設するとともに、前後輪の両油圧ブレー
キ部にそれぞれ配管して連通する両圧油出口を分流弁に
それぞれ連設し、分流弁内には前記圧油入口と両圧油出
口に内通するとともに圧油により両圧油出口の一方を閉
鎖できるスプールを移動可能にして介装し、該スプール
の移動により警報装置を作動できるように装設して構成
したことを特徴とする車両の２系統油圧ブレーキ装置。The hydraulic control part of the brake valve, which communicates with the pressure accumulator, is connected to the pressure oil inlet of the diverter valve, and the two pressure oil outlets, which are piped and communicated with both the hydraulic brake parts of the front and rear wheels, are connected to the diverter valve. A movable spool is disposed inside the diverter valve and extends through the pressure oil inlet and both pressure oil outlets and can close one of the two pressure oil outlets with pressure oil. A two-system hydraulic brake system for a vehicle, characterized in that it is equipped and configured to operate.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6254287A JPS63232064A (en) | 1987-03-19 | 1987-03-19 | Two-system hydraulic brake device for vehicle |
| PCT/JP1988/000291 WO1988006992A1 (en) | 1987-03-19 | 1988-03-18 | Dual braking system of vehicle |
| AU14831/88A AU1483188A (en) | 1987-03-19 | 1988-03-18 | Dual braking system of vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6254287A JPS63232064A (en) | 1987-03-19 | 1987-03-19 | Two-system hydraulic brake device for vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63232064A true JPS63232064A (en) | 1988-09-28 |
Family
ID=13203219
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6254287A Pending JPS63232064A (en) | 1987-03-19 | 1987-03-19 | Two-system hydraulic brake device for vehicle |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63232064A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1483188A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1988006992A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0572656U (en) * | 1992-03-04 | 1993-10-05 | 株式会社共立 | Front and rear four-wheel steering system for work vehicle |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2757223A1 (en) * | 1996-12-16 | 1998-06-19 | Thonnat Rene | Hydraulic installation used e.g. for vehicle braking system |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5576738A (en) * | 1978-12-06 | 1980-06-10 | Jidosha Kiki Co Ltd | Air passage controling valve |
| JPS5617232Y2 (en) * | 1979-04-24 | 1981-04-22 |
-
1987
- 1987-03-19 JP JP6254287A patent/JPS63232064A/en active Pending
-
1988
- 1988-03-18 AU AU14831/88A patent/AU1483188A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1988-03-18 WO PCT/JP1988/000291 patent/WO1988006992A1/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0572656U (en) * | 1992-03-04 | 1993-10-05 | 株式会社共立 | Front and rear four-wheel steering system for work vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1988006992A1 (en) | 1988-09-22 |
| AU1483188A (en) | 1988-10-10 |
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