JPS63135974A - Developing device - Google Patents
Developing deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63135974A JPS63135974A JP61285306A JP28530686A JPS63135974A JP S63135974 A JPS63135974 A JP S63135974A JP 61285306 A JP61285306 A JP 61285306A JP 28530686 A JP28530686 A JP 28530686A JP S63135974 A JPS63135974 A JP S63135974A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- developer
- magnetic
- image
- carrier
- toner
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 43
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 ferrite Chemical compound 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- HFFXLYHRNRKAPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,5-trichloro-n-(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound O1C(C)=CC(NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=2)Cl)=N1 HFFXLYHRNRKAPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005041 Mylar™ Substances 0.000 description 1
- RSPISYXLHRIGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N OOOO Chemical compound OOOO RSPISYXLHRIGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWLCFADDJOPOQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Cu].[Sn] Chemical compound [Mn].[Cu].[Sn] NWLCFADDJOPOQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JPIYZTWMUGTEHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N auramine O free base Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(=N)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 JPIYZTWMUGTEHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940090961 chromium dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IAQWMWUKBQPOIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Cr+4] IAQWMWUKBQPOIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYTAKQFHWFYBMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr]=O AYTAKQFHWFYBMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003984 copper intrauterine device Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COUNCWOLUGAQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound [Cu].OO COUNCWOLUGAQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001291 heusler alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- WJZHMLNIAZSFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese zinc Chemical compound [Mn].[Zn] WJZHMLNIAZSFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M methylene blue Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Magnetic Brush Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は像形成体上に形成されたｅ電層像を二成分現像
剤により現像する現像装ごに関し、特に磁気力の影響下
に規制されて薄層とされた現像剤ノＣ４により前記ｏＭ
潜像を現像する現像装置に関する。Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a developing device that develops an e-electrolayer image formed on an image forming body using a two-component developer, and particularly relates to a developing device that develops an e-electrolayer image formed on an image forming body using a two-component developer. The oM is
The present invention relates to a developing device that develops a latent image.
従来、例えば電子写真、ｌ！ｙ）電印刷、０電記録等に
おいて、像形成体上に形成された静電潜像を粉体現像剤
により現像する装置としては、磁性トナーを主成分とす
る一成分現像剤又は磁性キャリアと非磁性トナーから成
る二成分現像剤を現像剤搬送担体とその内側に配置され
た磁石ロールとにより搬送して現像剤流を形成し、該現
像剤流を現像に適する層厚、例えば０．５〜５ＩＩ１１
厚とするため前記スリーブに近接配置された剛性板状体
から成る現像剤層規制部材により規制し、得られた現像
剤層を前記潜像面に接触させて現像する所謂る接触現像
法が知られている。Conventionally, for example, electrophotography, l! y) In electro-printing, zero-electro recording, etc., a device for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on an image forming body with a powder developer uses a one-component developer mainly composed of magnetic toner or a magnetic carrier. A two-component developer made of non-magnetic toner is conveyed by a developer conveyance carrier and a magnetic roll disposed inside it to form a developer flow, and the developer flow is formed into a layer having a layer thickness suitable for development, for example 0.5. ~5II11
A so-called contact development method is known in which the developer layer is regulated by a developer layer regulating member made of a rigid plate-like body disposed close to the sleeve to increase the thickness, and the resulting developer layer is brought into contact with the latent image surface for development. It is being
しかしながら上記接触現像法においては現像剤層が前記
潜像面の全面、即ち画像部及び非画像部の両方に直接接
触して現像するため多かれ少なかれ非画像部にトナーが
付着して地力１りを生じ、画像が汚れ不鮮明となるなど
問題がある。However, in the above-mentioned contact development method, since the developer layer is developed by directly contacting the entire surface of the latent image surface, that is, both the image area and the non-image area, more or less toner adheres to the non-image area, reducing the toner strength. This causes problems such as the image becoming dirty and unclear.
そこで、例えば特開昭５５−１８６５９号公報（イ）に
はスリーブ上を搬送される一成分現像剤流を前記潜像面
との間隙、例えば５００μｍ以下の間隙より薄い、例え
ば１００μ論以下の現像剤層となるよう規制し、前記ス
リーブと潜像面との間に例えばＩ ＫＨｚ以下で尖頭電
圧８００〜１２００Ｖの交流バイアスを印加して振動電
界を形成し、該振動電界により磁性トナーを潜像面に向
けて飛翔させ、非接触で現像する方法が提案されでいる
。Therefore, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-18659 (a) discloses that a one-component developer flow conveyed on a sleeve is developed with a gap between the latent image surface and the latent image surface, which is thinner than a gap of, for example, 500 μm or less, for example, 100 μm or less. An alternating current bias with a peak voltage of 800 to 1200 V is applied between the sleeve and the latent image surface to form an oscillating electric field, and the oscillating electric field lubricates the magnetic toner. A method has been proposed in which the film is flown toward the image plane and developed without contact.
前記非接触現像法によれば、現像Ｍ層が潜像面に直接接
触することがな（、仮にトナーが飛翔して非画像部に付
着したとしても交流バイアスの逆方向の電圧によりスリ
ーブ側に引き戻されて地力ブリの発生が防止され鮮明な
画像が得られる。しかしながら前記非接触現像法では、
有効な現像を達成するため現像剤層を例えば１００μ−
以下という均一な薄層とすることが要請され、前記接触
現像法におけるスリーブに近接して配置された剛性板状
体などの従来の層厚規制部材では側底所望の現像剤層は
得られない、即ち前記板状体の層厚規制部材では現像剤
流が該層厚規制部材に衝突して急へに堰き止められ、乱
流を生じて現像剤層が不均一になり、かつ層厚規制部材
を通過直後、急に傍聴して予想以上に厚くかつ粗い現像
剤層となる。According to the above-mentioned non-contact development method, the developed M layer does not come into direct contact with the latent image surface (even if the toner flies and adheres to the non-image area, the voltage in the opposite direction of the AC bias is applied to the sleeve side). The non-contact development method described above, however,
To achieve effective development, the developer layer should be, for example, 100 μ-
A uniform thin layer of the following thickness is required, and the desired developer layer on the bottom side cannot be obtained using conventional layer thickness regulating members such as a rigid plate-shaped body placed close to the sleeve in the contact development method. That is, in the layer thickness regulating member of the plate-like body, the developer flow collides with the layer thickness regulating member and is suddenly stopped, causing turbulent flow and making the developer layer non-uniform, and the layer thickness regulating member. Immediately after passing through the member, the developer layer suddenly becomes thicker and rougher than expected.
又層厚規制部材とスリーブとの間隙の許容範囲が狭く、
該間隙のわずかな変化が現像剤層の層厚に太き（影響す
る等の弊害がある。In addition, the allowable range of the gap between the layer thickness regulating member and the sleeve is narrow,
A slight change in the gap may have a negative effect, such as increasing the thickness of the developer layer.
そこで例えば特開昭５４−４３０３８号公報（ロ）には
スリーブに圧接して配ａされた弾性圧接板から成る現像
剤層厚規制部材により一成分現像剤流を規制して例えば
３０〜１００μ糟の薄層現像剤層を形成する技術が記載
されている。さらに又特開昭６０−１１３２７４号公報
（ハ）には、スリーブに圧接して配置され少なくとも一
部に磁性部材を有する弾性圧接板から成る現像剤層厚規
制部材により一成分現像剤の薄層を形成する技術も開示
され、さらに該公報中にはトナー中に混入した異物等に
よる目詰りが回避され、−成分現像剤の摩Ｗ１ｍ電が十
分行なわれ。Therefore, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 54-43038 (b) discloses that the flow of one-component developer is regulated by a developer layer thickness regulating member consisting of an elastic pressure contact plate disposed in pressure contact with the sleeve. Techniques for forming thin developer layers are described. Furthermore, in JP-A No. 60-113274 (c), a thin layer of a one-component developer is formed by a developer layer thickness regulating member consisting of an elastic pressure contact plate disposed in pressure contact with a sleeve and having at least a portion of a magnetic member. A technique for forming a toner is also disclosed, and the publication also discloses that clogging due to foreign matter mixed in the toner can be avoided and that the -component developer can be sufficiently polished.
しかも、均一な薄層現像剤層が得られることが記載され
ている。Furthermore, it is described that a uniform thin developer layer can be obtained.
特に後者の公報（ハ）に記載される磁性を有する弾性圧
接板を用いる技術は現像剤の薄層形成にとって１つの有
効な手段として考えられるが、前記公報（ハ）中には弾
性圧接板の具体的構成及び使用条件等の記載に乏しく、
実用に供するには更に多数の試行錯誤を繰り返えす必要
があり、真に実用化可能かどうかに多くの疑問を残して
いる。In particular, the technique using an elastic press plate with magnetism described in the latter publication (c) is considered to be an effective means for forming a thin layer of developer. There is a lack of description of specific configuration and conditions of use, etc.
In order to put it into practical use, it will be necessary to go through many more trials and errors, and many questions remain as to whether it can truly be put to practical use.
さらに又前記公報においては、対象とされている現像剤
が、磁性トナーを主成分とする一成分現像削に限られ、
又得られる効果も一成分現像削を用いたときの効果が記
載されているにすぎない。Furthermore, in the above-mentioned publication, the developer concerned is limited to one-component development and abrasion, the main component of which is magnetic toner.
Furthermore, the effects obtained are only described when one-component development and abrasion is used.
〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕
ところで前記−成分現像剤の主成分である磁性トナーは
バインダ樹脂中に、例えば５０重量％程度の磁性体を含
有させた、平均粒径１〜３０μｍの微細な粒子から成り
、現像剤としての流動性、摩擦帯電性及び現像性等の主
要特性に問題があり、かつスリーブ内の磁石ロールによ
る現像剤への磁気的吸引力が不十分となるため、現像剤
の搬送性が悪く、又トナー飛散が生じ易い等の問題もあ
る。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, the magnetic toner, which is the main component of the above-mentioned -component developer, is made of fine particles with an average particle size of 1 to 30 μm, containing, for example, about 50% by weight of a magnetic material in a binder resin. The main properties of the developer, such as its fluidity, triboelectric charging properties, and developability, are problematic, and the magnetic attraction of the developer by the magnetic roll inside the sleeve is insufficient. There are also problems such as poor agent transportability and easy toner scattering.
そこで本発明者等は従来比較的硬く大粒径のキャリアを
含むためＷＩ層形成は困難とされていた二成分現像剤を
用い、今だ十分解明されていない前記弾性圧接板を用い
て薄層形成に挑戦し、鋭意検討の結果、所望の薄層現像
剤層を達成し、非接触現像を可能ならしめ本発明を完成
したのである。Therefore, the present inventors used a two-component developer, which was conventionally considered difficult to form a WI layer because it contained a relatively hard carrier with a large particle size, and developed a thin layer using the elastic pressure contact plate, which has not yet been fully elucidated. After taking on the challenge of forming a developer, and as a result of intensive studies, they achieved the desired thin developer layer, made non-contact development possible, and completed the present invention.
（発明の目的）
本発明の目的は、二成分現像剤の薄層現像剤層で、好ま
しくは非接触現像を行ない、高解像力、高濃度鮮明な画
像を形成する現像装置を提供することにある。(Object of the Invention) An object of the present invention is to provide a developing device that preferably performs non-contact development using a thin developer layer of a two-component developer to form a high-resolution, high-density, clear image. .
（発明の構成）
前記の目的は、トナーと好ましくは平均粒径１５〜１０
０μ醜（ここでいう平均粒径とは個数基準平均粒径であ
る）の磁性キャリアから成る二成分現像剤を収容する現
像容器と、該容器内にあって回転する現像剤搬送担体と
、該現像剤搬送担体の内側に設けられる固定又は回転す
る磁石ロールと、前記現像剤搬送担体の外表面に設けら
れ、少なくとも一部に磁性体を含む弾性圧接板から成る
現像剤層厚規制部材とを有して成り、前記現像剤搬送担
体により現像領域へ搬送されて像形成体上の静電潜像を
現像する現像剤層の層厚を前記層厚規制部材と磁石ロー
ル間に働く磁気力の影響下に規制す本発明の現像装置に
用いられる現像剤層厚規制部材においては、スリーブ面
に磁性が付与された弾性圧接板を機械的圧接の外に磁気
作用を併用して圧接し、この弾性圧接板とスリーブとの
間の、好ましくは磁性キャリアの平均粒径に近い狭い間
隙を通して現像剤を通過せしめるようにしで薄層現像剤
層を形成し、非接触現像を可能ならしめるようにしてい
る。機械的圧接力のみで圧接する弾性圧接板を用いて二
成分現像剤の層厚規制を竹なう場合、幅方向に延びる弾
性圧接板のスリーブへ接触する先端が、比較的大きく、
かつ硬いキャリアにより変形して現像剤層がむらに成り
、均一な現像剤が得られない０本発明の現像剤層厚規制
部材は８！械的圧接の外に磁気作用を併用しているため
、弾性圧接板のわん曲が少なく無理のない圧接とするこ
とができる。又二成分現像剤においては現像剤中の磁性
成分が一成分現像剤に比して遇かに多いため、磁石ａ−
ルと磁性が付与された弾性圧接板間の磁気作用で必要以
上の現像剤の流入が阻止される効果もある。(Structure of the Invention) The above object is to provide a toner with an average particle size of preferably 15 to
A developer container containing a two-component developer made of a magnetic carrier having a particle size of 0μ (the average particle size here is a number-based average particle size); a developer transport carrier that rotates within the container; A fixed or rotating magnet roll provided inside the developer transport carrier, and a developer layer thickness regulating member provided on the outer surface of the developer transport carrier and consisting of an elastic press-contact plate containing a magnetic material at least in part. The layer thickness of the developer layer that is transported by the developer transport carrier to the development area to develop the electrostatic latent image on the image forming body is controlled by the magnetic force acting between the layer thickness regulating member and the magnet roll. In the developer layer thickness regulating member used in the developing device of the present invention, which regulates the thickness under the influence, an elastic pressure contact plate whose sleeve surface is magnetized is used in combination with magnetic action in addition to mechanical pressure contact. A thin developer layer is formed by allowing the developer to pass through a narrow gap between the elastic pressure contact plate and the sleeve, preferably close to the average particle diameter of the magnetic carrier, thereby enabling non-contact development. There is. When regulating the layer thickness of a two-component developer using an elastic pressure plate that presses only with mechanical pressure force, the tip of the elastic pressure plate extending in the width direction that contacts the sleeve is relatively large;
Moreover, the developer layer is deformed by the hard carrier and becomes uneven, making it impossible to obtain a uniform developer.0 The developer layer thickness regulating member of the present invention is 8! Since magnetic action is used in addition to mechanical pressure welding, the curvature of the elastic pressure welding plate is small, allowing for natural pressure welding. In addition, in a two-component developer, the magnetic component in the developer is slightly larger than that in a one-component developer, so the magnet a-
There is also the effect of preventing more developer from flowing in than necessary due to the magnetic action between the rubber plate and the magnetically applied elastic pressure contact plate.
ところで現像剤を現像領域へ搬送するのは主としてスリ
ーブめその方向への回転により搬送するものであるから
、スリーブ表面を適性かつ均一な１１面とする必要があ
り、キャリア粒径より小さい荒さで１〜５０μ−の荒さ
とするのがよい。By the way, since the developer is conveyed to the development area mainly by rotation in the direction of the sleeve center, it is necessary to make the sleeve surface suitable and uniform. It is preferable to have a roughness of ~50μ.
次に前記したように本発明においては、スリーブ内の磁
石ロールを固定又は回転のいづれでもよく、固定の場合
弾性圧接板のスリーブへの圧接部に磁性体を設け、該磁
性体を磁極に対向させるように構成し、磁気カーテンを
形成して効率よ（層厚を規制するようにしてもよい、又
第１図に示されるように弾性圧接板４の先端部に磁性体
４ｂを設け、該磁性体４ｂとその近傍の磁石ロール１の
磁極Ｎとの間に水平磁界を形成し、弾性圧接板４ａとス
リーブ２との間に出来ろくさび形空隙６に流入する現像
剤を前記磁界により規制するようにしてもよい。Next, as described above, in the present invention, the magnet roll in the sleeve may be either fixed or rotating. If it is fixed, a magnetic material is provided at the pressure contact portion of the elastic pressure contact plate to the sleeve, and the magnetic material is opposed to the magnetic pole. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. A horizontal magnetic field is formed between the magnetic body 4b and the magnetic pole N of the magnet roll 1 in the vicinity thereof, and the developer flowing into the wedge-shaped gap 6 between the elastic press plate 4a and the sleeve 2 is regulated by the magnetic field. You may also do so.
さらに又後記Ｐｔ５２図の場合のように弾性圧接板４ａ
のスリーブ２への圧接点ｐ及び弾性圧接４ｕの先端に跨
る磁性体４ｂを前記圧接板４ａ１．：設けて、圧接点ｐ
における磁気カーテン及びくさび形空隙６に形成される
水平磁界の両方により現像剤層を規制するようにしても
よい、なおｉｆ記水平磁界を形成する範囲を見込む角度
θ、（ｉｍ１図参照）はＯくθ＜６０°とされるのがよ
い。Furthermore, as in the case of Pt52 diagram below, the elastic pressure contact plate 4a
The magnetic body 4b spanning the pressure contact point p to the sleeve 2 and the tip of the elastic pressure contact 4u is connected to the pressure contact plate 4a1. : Provide pressure contact point p
The developer layer may be regulated by both the magnetic curtain and the horizontal magnetic field formed in the wedge-shaped gap 6, and if the angle θ (see im1 diagram) in which the range in which the horizontal magnetic field is formed is O. It is preferable that θ<60°.
又本発明に係る層厚規制部材４により規制された現像剤
層は現像領域において、固定磁石ロールの磁極を像形成
体に対向させた状態で該像形成体上の静電潜像を現像す
るようにされてもよいが、より均一な薄層現像を達成す
るため、例えば特開昭６０−１７６０６９号公報に記載
されるように固定磁石ロールの磁極を像形成体と対向す
る位置からずらせて水平磁界を形成し、該水平磁界のも
とで現像するようにされるのが好ましい。Further, the developer layer regulated by the layer thickness regulating member 4 according to the present invention develops the electrostatic latent image on the image forming body in the developing area with the magnetic pole of the fixed magnet roll facing the image forming body. However, in order to achieve more uniform thin layer development, the magnetic pole of the fixed magnet roll is shifted from the position facing the image forming body, as described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 176069/1983. Preferably, a horizontal magnetic field is formed and development is performed under the horizontal magnetic field.
次に磁石ロール１を回転する場合、該磁石ロールは現像
剤を搬送するスリーブと同方向又は逆方向のいづれであ
ってもよく、同方向とした場合、現像削の穂立の向きと
搬送方向が逆になるため薄層が形成され易い傾向がある
。又前記スリーブ２の好ましい回転数は５０〜５００ｒ
、 ｐ、 Ｉｍ前記磁石ロール１の回転数は５００−２
０００ｒ、 ｐ、−とされる。Next, when the magnet roll 1 is rotated, the magnet roll may be rotated in the same direction as the sleeve that conveys the developer or in the opposite direction.If the magnetic roll is rotated in the same direction as the sleeve that conveys the developer, if it is rotated in the same direction, the direction of the spikes of the developer and the conveyance direction. Since the values are reversed, a thin layer tends to be formed easily. Further, the preferred rotation speed of the sleeve 2 is 50 to 500 r.
, p, Im The rotation speed of the magnet roll 1 is 500-2
000r, p, -.
上記のように磁石ロール１を回転することにより、磁性
を有する弾性圧接板に交蓄磁界が作用して該圧接板が振
動してスリーブ２との間に介在する異物を除去する効果
があり、かかる圧接板の振動の振幅が好ましくは０．０
１〜２００μ論となるように圧接板の材料、寸法等をＩ
４ｆｆ！！するのがよい。By rotating the magnet roll 1 as described above, an alternating magnetic field acts on the magnetic elastic press plate, which vibrates and has the effect of removing foreign matter interposed between it and the sleeve 2. The amplitude of the vibration of the pressure contact plate is preferably 0.0.
The material, dimensions, etc. of the pressure plate should be adjusted so that it is 1 to 200 μm.
4ff! ! It is better to do so.
又後記するようにスリーブ２には交流バイアスが印加さ
れるが、二成分現像剤で非接触現像を達成するため一成
分現像剤の場合に比してより高周波で、かつ尖頭電圧の
より高いバイアスが印加されるのが好ましい。Also, as described later, an AC bias is applied to the sleeve 2, but in order to achieve non-contact development with a two-component developer, it is applied at a higher frequency and with a higher peak voltage than in the case of a single-component developer. Preferably, a bias is applied.
第２図及び第３図は本発明に係る層厚規制部材の好まし
い例であり、第１図と同一内容には同一符号が符される
０図中３は固定磁石ロール１と矢印方向に回転するスリ
ーブ２から構成される現像ロール、４は弾性圧接板４ａ
と磁性体４ｂから構成されるＮＪＦ′１．規制部材、５
はＮ厚規制部材４の支持部材、！は弾性圧接板４ａのス
リーブ２面への圧接点いから先端部の長さ （先端遊び
量）、１１は弾性圧接板４ａの先端部とスリーブ２との
間隙、６は前記したように前記弾性圧接板４ａの先端部
とスリーブ２との間に形成されるくさび形量域を示す。2 and 3 show preferred examples of the layer thickness regulating member according to the present invention, and the same contents as in FIG. A developing roll consisting of a sleeve 2, 4 is an elastic pressure contact plate 4a.
and a magnetic material 4b. Regulatory member, 5
is the supporting member of the N thickness regulating member 4,! is the length of the tip of the elastic pressure contact plate 4a from the pressure contact point to the sleeve 2 surface (amount of play at the tip), 11 is the gap between the tip of the elastic pressure contact plate 4a and the sleeve 2, and 6 is the elastic A wedge-shaped area formed between the tip of the pressure contact plate 4a and the sleeve 2 is shown.
このくさび影領域６の存在は、以下に説明するように前
記弾性圧接板４ａとスリーブ２との間に流入される現像
剤量と密接な関係、がある。The existence of this wedge shadow area 6 is closely related to the amount of developer flowing between the elastic pressure contact plate 4a and the sleeve 2, as will be explained below.
即ち第２図及び第３図に示すように、スリーブ２に非磁
性の円筒を用い、平面状をした前記弾性圧接板４ａをス
リーブ２面に押しつけると、その先端と押しつけた接点
ｐとの間にくさび形の空間６が形成される。この状態で
スリーブ２を所定の方向に移！！！ｌＪさせると、スリ
ーブ２にマグネットによる磁界で保持された現像削りは
、くさび形空間６に入って行くものと、くさび形空間６
に入り込めずに、弾性圧接板４ａのスリーブ２と反対側
の面へ送られるものとに分れ、このうちくさび形空間６
に突入した現像剤りだけが、スリーブ２とのＩｖ！擦力
と後方より送り込まれる現像剤の圧力とによって、スリ
ーブ２と前記弾性圧接板４ａとの間を通過し、現像ｆｌ
Ｉ域へと運ばれる。このとき、スリーブ２と前記弾性圧
接板４ａの間を通過する現像剤量は主としてくさび形の
空間６の開口部分の高さと前記弾性圧接板４ａをスリー
ブ２に圧接する圧接力とによって決まる。すなわち、（
さび形空間６の開口部分が小さいと、（さび形空°間６
に突入する現像剤量が小さくなり、スリーブ２と前記弾
性圧接板４ａとの間をすり抜ける現像剤量も少なくなる
。又スリーブ２に前記弾性圧接板４ａの圧接力を大きく
すると、現像剤が前記弾性圧接板４ａのスリーブ２面の
圧接点ｐの間隙をすり抜けるとき、前記弾性圧接板４ａ
を持ち上げるための力のロスが大となり、すり抜ける現
像剤量が少なくなる。That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when a non-magnetic cylinder is used as the sleeve 2 and the planar elastic press plate 4a is pressed against the surface of the sleeve 2, a gap between the tip of the plate and the pressed contact p is formed. A wedge-shaped space 6 is formed. In this state, move the sleeve 2 in the specified direction! ! ! lJ, the developing scraper held by the sleeve 2 by the magnetic field of the magnet enters the wedge-shaped space 6 and the wedge-shaped space 6
The wedge-shaped space 6 is divided into those that cannot enter the sleeve 2 and are sent to the surface of the elastic pressure contact plate 4a opposite to the sleeve 2.
Only the developer that has entered the Iv! with sleeve 2! Due to the frictional force and the pressure of the developer fed from the rear, the developer fl passes between the sleeve 2 and the elastic pressure contact plate 4a, and the developer fl
Transported to Area I. At this time, the amount of developer that passes between the sleeve 2 and the elastic pressure plate 4a is determined mainly by the height of the opening of the wedge-shaped space 6 and the pressure force that presses the elastic pressure plate 4a against the sleeve 2. That is, (
If the opening of the wedge-shaped space 6 is small, (the wedge-shaped space 6
The amount of developer that enters the sleeve 2 and the elastic pressure contact plate 4a is also reduced. Further, when the pressure contact force of the elastic pressure contact plate 4a to the sleeve 2 is increased, when the developer slips through the gap between the pressure contact points p on the sleeve 2 surface of the elastic pressure contact plate 4a, the elastic pressure contact plate 4a
The loss of force required to lift the material becomes large, and the amount of developer that slips through becomes small.
今参考のため前記くさび型空間６の開口部分の高さｌ＋
（ａｍ）を、スリーブの半径ｒ （ａｍ）、前記弾性圧
接板４ａの圧接、αｐから先端部の長さ （先＊、ｉび
量） ｌ （ａｍ）、圧接点ｐにおける空隙ｄ （■）
等のパラメータを用いて式で表現すれば以下のようであ
る。For reference, the height of the opening of the wedge-shaped space 6 is l +
(am), the radius of the sleeve r (am), the pressure contact of the elastic pressure contact plate 4a, the length from αp to the tip (tip *, distance) l (am), the gap d at the pressure contact point p (■)
If expressed as an equation using parameters such as, it is as follows.
式 １１＝ハロ了フ＝７〒１ ・・・・・・（１
）又参考のため前記弾性圧接板４ａのスリーブへの圧接
力Ｆ （Ｋｇの瓜さ／ＩＩＩＩｉ）を第３図に示すパ
ラメータを用いた式で表現すれば以下のようである。Formula 11 = Halo Ryofu = 7〒1 ・・・・・・(1
) For reference, the pressing force F (strength in kg/IIIi) of the elastic pressing plate 4a to the sleeve can be expressed as follows using the parameters shown in FIG.
（但し前記押しつけ圧Ｆは前記弾性圧接板４ａの幅を単
位長として計算される。）
式中曽：弾性圧接板４ａの固定部材５の下端Ｑからスリ
ーブ２の中心０までの距１％ ＜ｍ＠）Ｓ：弾性圧接板
４ａの設定位置（−輪）ｒニスリーブ２の半径（Ｔａｍ
）
θ：押し付は点りとスリーブ２の中心０を結ぶ線と水平
線とのなす角（ラジアン）
Ｅ：弾性圧接板４ａの弾性係数（Ｋｇの重さ・鯖ｔ：弾
性圧接板４ａの厚み（−一）
ｒ（旧：磁性片４ｂと磁石ロール１との間の磁界の強さ
］１（〃ウス）に基づく圧接力（にｇの重さ）
以上説明したように、本発明に用いられる現像剤Ｎ厚規
制部材４において、磁性が付与された弾性圧接板４ａの
先端の遊Ｖｆｌｌ及びスリーブ２へのＦが現像領域へ搬
送される現像剤層の層厚：即ち現像剤量と密接な関係が
ある。(However, the pressing pressure F is calculated using the width of the elastic pressure contact plate 4a as a unit length.) Equation Nakaso: Distance from the lower end Q of the fixing member 5 of the elastic pressure contact plate 4a to the center 0 of the sleeve 2 1% < m@)S: Setting position (-wheel) of the elastic pressure contact plate 4a R radius of the sleeve 2 (Tam
) θ: Angle (in radians) between the line connecting the pressing point and the center 0 of the sleeve 2 and the horizontal line E: Elastic modulus of the elastic pressure contact plate 4a (weight in kg) t: Thickness of the elastic pressure contact plate 4a (-1) r (old: strength of magnetic field between magnetic piece 4b and magnet roll 1) Pressure contact force (weight in g) based on 1 (〃us) As explained above, the In the developer N thickness regulating member 4, the loose Vflll at the tip of the elastic pressure plate 4a imparted with magnetism and F to the sleeve 2 are closely related to the layer thickness of the developer layer conveyed to the development area: that is, the amount of developer. There is a relationship.
なお第２図の場合磁性体４ｂが弾性圧接板４ａの先端迄
延びているため磁石ロール１の磁極Ｎとの間に水平磁界
ができ、現像剤りのくさび形頒域への流入が上記水平磁
界によっても多少の制限をうける。In the case of FIG. 2, since the magnetic body 4b extends to the tip of the elastic pressure contact plate 4a, a horizontal magnetic field is created between it and the magnetic pole N of the magnet roll 1, and the flow of the developer into the wedge-shaped distribution area is caused by the horizontal magnetic field. It is also somewhat limited by the magnetic field.
そこで第２図のＭ厚規制装置を用い、磁石ロール１と磁
石体４ｂとの間に働らく磁界の強さを３００ガウスに固
定し、第５図のグ？７に示されるように遊びｉＬｌ及び
圧接力Ｆを変化したとき、規制して得られる現像剤量が
どのように変化するかを実験により確めた。但し現像ロ
ール３は現像剤容器７中に現像剤表面が層厚規制部材４
の先端よす１０ｍｍ下となる迄浸漬される。Therefore, using the M thickness regulating device shown in FIG. 2, the strength of the magnetic field acting between the magnet roll 1 and the magnet body 4b is fixed at 300 Gauss, and the M thickness regulating device shown in FIG. It was confirmed through experiments how the amount of developer obtained by regulation changes when the play iLl and the pressure contact force F are changed as shown in 7. However, the developer roll 3 has a layer thickness regulating member 4 on the surface of the developer in the developer container 7.
It is immersed until the tip is 10 mm below.
又この時の現像ロール３及び弾性圧接板４作動条件は以
下のようである。Further, the operating conditions of the developing roll 3 and the elastic pressure contact plate 4 at this time are as follows.
スリーブ２：径２０纏−φ非磁性でステンレス製円筒で
２５０ｒ、ｐ、−で矢印方向に回転する。Sleeve 2: A non-magnetic, stainless steel cylinder with a diameter of 20 mm and rotating at 250 r, p, - in the direction of the arrow.
磁石ロール１：Ｎ、Ｓ交互８極でスリーブ２と反対方向
に７５０ｒ、ｐ、輪で回転する。Magnet roll 1: rotates with 750 r, p rings in the opposite direction to sleeve 2 with 8 poles alternating N and S.
弾性圧接板４ ａ：１２ｍｍの自由長、０．１１厚さの
燐青銅板で、片面に０．１＋＊輪厚、５−の鉄製磁性体
４ｂが第２図の如（ａ着されている、
磁性体４ｂに作用する磁界の強さ３００ガウス。Elastic pressure contact plate 4a: A phosphor bronze plate with a free length of 12 mm and a thickness of 0.11mm.A magnetic iron body 4b with a ring thickness of 0.1+*5- is attached to one side of the plate as shown in Fig. 2 (a). The strength of the magnetic field acting on the magnetic body 4b is 300 Gauss.
上記実験結果は第５図のグラフに示される。第５図から
弾性圧接板４ａの遊び量１（ＩＩＩＩ）に対する現像剤
量（ＩＩＦＩ／ｃ曽２）の変化は遊ゾ＠ｌが１曽−以下
では大きいが、それ以上ではほぼ一定である。又圧接力
Ｆ （ｇの重さ／ｍｍ）に対する現像耐量の変化は、
圧接力Ｆが１．０〜６．０ｇの瓜さ／ＩＩｍの広い範囲
に亘ってほぼ３〜４ ｍｌｌ／ｃｖ”の実用上支障のな
い範囲に納まっている。The above experimental results are shown in the graph of FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the change in the amount of developer (IIFI/c so 2) with respect to the amount of play 1 (III) of the elastic pressure contact plate 4a is large when the free space @1 is less than 1 so, but remains almost constant above that. Also, the change in development resistance with respect to the pressure contact force F (weight in g/mm) is
The pressing force F is within a wide range of 1.0 to 6.0 g, melon/IIm, and is within a practically acceptable range of approximately 3 to 4 ml/cv''.
このように従来の剛性板状体から成る層厚規制によって
、現像剤層厚、現像剤量を決める方法に対し、磁性が付
与され弾性圧接板を現像剤担持体に押しつける本発明に
係る現像剤層厚規制部材４は現像性を決める現像耐量、
現像剤層厚の変化が、設定値ｉｓ ＜第４図参照）の
変化に対して小さく、現像剤量、現像剤層厚を高精度で
容易に設定することが可能になる。In contrast to the conventional method of determining the developer layer thickness and developer amount by regulating the layer thickness made of a rigid plate-like body, the developer according to the present invention which is imparted with magnetism and presses an elastic pressing plate against a developer carrier. The layer thickness regulating member 4 controls the development tolerance, which determines the developability.
The change in the developer layer thickness is smaller than the change in the set value is (see FIG. 4), making it possible to easily set the developer amount and developer layer thickness with high precision.
ところで前記弾性圧接板４ａの磁性体４ｂが除かれたと
すると、所望の圧接力とするため、弾性圧接板４ａの設
定値ｉｓ ＜第４図参照）をより大きくする必要があ
り、弾性圧接板４ａの自りが大きくなり、幅方向の均一
性が失われ、従って又層厚規制後の現像剤層がむらにな
る。又本発明者等の実験によれば、磁性体４ｂを除いた
場合、圧接力Ｆが１．０〜６．０ｍさ／ｌの範囲では、
現像剤量の変化が２．５〜５．０−ｇ／ａｍ”と大さく
なることが確かめられている。By the way, if the magnetic body 4b of the elastic pressure contact plate 4a is removed, in order to obtain the desired pressure contact force, it is necessary to increase the set value is of the elastic pressure contact plate 4a (see FIG. 4), and the elastic pressure contact plate 4a As a result, the uniformity in the width direction is lost, and the developer layer becomes uneven after the layer thickness is regulated. Also, according to the experiments conducted by the present inventors, when the magnetic body 4b is excluded, when the contact force F is in the range of 1.0 to 6.0 m/l,
It has been confirmed that the change in developer amount is as large as 2.5-5.0-g/am''.
本発明の層厚規ｉ１１部材４としては、弾性圧接板４ａ
自体が磁性体から成るもの、第１図、ＰＩＳ２図の如く
非磁性弾性圧接板４ａに磁性体４ｂを接着したもの、非
磁性弾性板４ａの表又は裏又は両面全体に薄い板状磁性
板を接着したもの、薄い磁性板の両面に非磁性弾性板を
接着してサンドイッチ状としたもの等があり、好ましく
は現像ロール３の磁石ロールの磁極と対向する位置近傍
に磁性材料を有するようにされる。As the layer thickness standard i11 member 4 of the present invention, the elastic pressure contact plate 4a
Those that are made of a magnetic material themselves, those that have a magnetic material 4b adhered to a non-magnetic elastic pressure contact plate 4a as shown in Fig. 1 and PIS 2, and those that have a thin plate-like magnetic plate on the front, back, or both sides of the non-magnetic elastic plate 4a. There are two types: one in which a non-magnetic elastic plate is glued on both sides of a thin magnetic plate, and the other in the form of a sandwich. Preferably, a magnetic material is provided near the position facing the magnetic pole of the magnet roll of the developing roll 3. Ru.
前記各種態様の層厚規制部材４に用いられる非磁性弾性
板としては、プラスチック、ゴム、ステンレス、銅、黄
銅、鋼鉄、燐ｆｆｔｉ４等が用いられ、前記磁性片、磁
性板等の磁性部材としては磁場によってその方向に強く
磁化する物質、例えば鉄、ニッケル、コバルト等の金属
、フェライト、マグネット、ヘマタイト等を初めとする
鉄、コバルト、ニッケル等の強磁性を示す元素を含む合
金あるいは化合物、又は強磁性体を含まないが適当に熱
処理することによって強磁性を示すようになる合金、例
えばマン〃ンー銅−フルミニツムあるいｊ土マン〃ンー
銅−錫などのマンガンと銅とを含むホイスラー合金又は
二酸化クロムなどが用いられる０代表例として第１図の
層厚規制部材４を構成する弾性圧接板４ａとしては自由
！！ｋＬが５〜２０−一、厚みしは０．０５〜０．２−
輪（但しゴム、プラスチックにあっては０．１〜２ｍｍ
）、先端遊び１１は１〜３ ａｍｓ押しっけ圧０．５〜
１０．の瓜さ （但し幅１−輪の場合）、弾性係数５０
００〜２５０００ｋｇの重さ／１２（但しゴム、プラス
チックにあっては弾性係数に代えてゴム硬度で表され２
０’ 〜９０°ｌｌ５）とされるのがよい。Plastic, rubber, stainless steel, copper, brass, steel, phosphor ffti4, etc. are used as the non-magnetic elastic plate used in the layer thickness regulating member 4 of the various embodiments, and as the magnetic members such as the magnetic piece and the magnetic plate, Substances that are strongly magnetized in the direction of a magnetic field, such as metals such as iron, nickel, and cobalt; alloys or compounds containing ferromagnetic elements such as iron, cobalt, and nickel, including ferrite, magnets, and hematite; Alloys that do not contain magnetic substances but become ferromagnetic through appropriate heat treatment, such as Heusler alloys containing manganese and copper, such as manganese-copper-fulminitum or manganese-copper-tin, or dioxide. As a typical example where chromium or the like is used, it is free to use as the elastic pressure contact plate 4a that constitutes the layer thickness regulating member 4 in FIG. ! kL is 5-20-1, thickness is 0.05-0.2-
Ring (0.1 to 2 mm for rubber and plastic)
), tip play 11 is 1~3 ams thrust pressure 0.5~
10. (However, in the case of width 1 - ring), elastic modulus 50
Weight of 00 to 25,000 kg/12 (However, for rubber and plastics, it is expressed by rubber hardness instead of elastic modulus.
0' to 90°ll5).
次に、この現像剤層形成方法を用いるための現像装置の
構成について述べる。ここではスリーブ２として、非磁
性円筒形のものを用いるが、ベルト状のものや、平面形
のものなどでもよい、そのスリーブ２の形状に応じて、
弾性圧接板４ａを圧接したときに突入部に所定の大きさ
のくさＶ形の空間６ができればよい、また、円筒の内部
には磁石ロール１を内臓しているが、これは現像条件等
によってスリーブ２と同方向又は反対方向に回転しても
よくさらには固定されたものでもよい、磁石ロールが回
転する場合は、磁石ロールの磁極が変動するためＪＦ！
Ｊ厚規制部材４の磁性体４ｂへの磁気的吸引力が変動し
て弾性圧接板４ａを振動させるのでスリーブ２と層厚規
制部材４との間に現像剤粒塊、繊維等の異物が介在した
とき、これらが自動的に排除される効果がある。さらに
又磁石ロールを固定とし、好ましくは該磁石ロール１の
磁極に対向する位置に前記層厚規制部材４の磁石片４ｂ
を配置し （但し弾性圧接板４ａ自体が磁性体から成る
場合は上記配慮は不用である）磁石ロールからの磁気的
吸引力と層厚規制部材４に効果的に作用させで、均一な
現像剤層を形成するようにしてもよい。Next, the configuration of a developing device for using this developer layer forming method will be described. Here, a non-magnetic cylindrical sleeve 2 is used, but it may also be belt-shaped or flat, depending on the shape of the sleeve 2.
It is sufficient if a V-shaped space 6 of a predetermined size is created in the plunger when the elastic pressure contact plate 4a is pressed against the pressure contact plate 4a.Furthermore, a magnet roll 1 is built inside the cylinder, but this may vary depending on the developing conditions, etc. When the magnet roll rotates, it may rotate in the same direction or in the opposite direction to the sleeve 2, or it may be fixed. Since the magnetic pole of the magnet roll fluctuates, JF!
Since the magnetic attraction force of the J thickness regulating member 4 to the magnetic body 4b fluctuates and vibrates the elastic pressure contact plate 4a, foreign substances such as developer granules and fibers are interposed between the sleeve 2 and the layer thickness regulating member 4. This has the effect of automatically eliminating them. Furthermore, the magnet roll is fixed, and preferably the magnet piece 4b of the layer thickness regulating member 4 is placed at a position facing the magnetic pole of the magnet roll 1.
(However, if the elastic pressure contact plate 4a itself is made of a magnetic material, the above considerations are unnecessary.) By effectively acting on the magnetic attraction force from the magnet roll and the layer thickness regulating member 4, a uniform developer is distributed. A layer may be formed.
次に現像条件としては、５００Ｈｚ−１０ＫＨｚと尖頭
電圧５００■〜４に■の２流バイアスが印加される。前
記交流バイアスが５００Ｈｚ未満ではトナーの飛翔が不
十分となり１０ＫＩＩｚを越えるとトナーの飛翔が振動
？Ｉｔ？！Ｌの振動数に追随できなくなり濃度低下及び
キャリア付着等を生ずるようになろ、又尖頭電圧が５０
０Ｖ未満ではトナーの飛翔が不十分となり、４Ｋｌ／を
越えるとキャリア付着や地力ブリを生ずるようになる。Next, as developing conditions, a two-current bias of 500 Hz to 10 KHz and a peak voltage of 500 to 4 is applied. If the AC bias is less than 500Hz, toner flight is insufficient, and if it exceeds 10KIIz, toner flight is oscillated. It? ! It becomes impossible to follow the frequency of L, resulting in a decrease in concentration and carrier adhesion, and the peak voltage becomes 50%.
If it is less than 0V, toner flight will not be sufficient, and if it exceeds 4Kl/, carrier adhesion and ground blurring will occur.
又正規現像の場合スリーブ２には５０〜５００ Ｖのト
ナーと逆極性の直流バイアスが前記交流バイアスに重畳
して印加され地力プリを防止するようにされる。又像形
成体１０上の潜像電荷と同極性のトナーを用いて反転現
像とする場合はトナーと同極性で像形成体１０の表面電
位に近い直流バイアスが印加される。Further, in the case of regular development, a DC bias of 50 to 500 V having a polarity opposite to that of the toner is applied to the sleeve 2 in a manner that is superimposed on the AC bias to prevent ground pressure. Further, when reversal development is performed using toner having the same polarity as the latent image charge on the image forming member 10, a DC bias having the same polarity as the toner and close to the surface potential of the image forming member 10 is applied.
第６図には本発明の層厚規制部材を適用する上で好適な
現像！１Ｃｆｌ！の断面図が示される１図中１０像形成
体、１１はハウジング、２は矢印方向に回転するスリー
ブ、１はＮ、Ｓ８極を有し、スリーブ２と反対方向に回
転する磁石ロール、４は弾性圧接板４ａと磁性４ｂから
なる層厚規制部材、５は該部材の固定部材、１２は第１
攪拌部材、１３は第２撹拌部材である。１４及び１５は
前記撹拌部材１２及び１３の回転軸、１６は補給トナー
容器、１７はトナー補給ロー２．１８は現像剤溜り、１
９は現像バイアス電源、２０は現像領域、Ｔはトナー、
Ｄは現像剤を表す。FIG. 6 shows a development process suitable for applying the layer thickness regulating member of the present invention! 1Cfl! In the figure, 10 is an image forming body, 11 is a housing, 2 is a sleeve that rotates in the direction of the arrow, 1 is a magnet roll that has N and S8 poles and rotates in the opposite direction to the sleeve 2, and 4 is a A layer thickness regulating member consisting of an elastic pressure contact plate 4a and a magnetic member 4b, 5 a fixing member of the member, 12 a first
The stirring member 13 is a second stirring member. 14 and 15 are rotating shafts of the stirring members 12 and 13; 16 is a replenishment toner container; 17 is a toner replenishment row; 18 is a developer reservoir;
9 is a developing bias power supply, 20 is a developing area, T is a toner,
D represents a developer.
かかる現像装置において、現像剤溜ワ１８内の現像削り
は矢印方向に回転する第１撹拌部材１２と、これと反対
方向で互いに重複するように回転する第２攪拌部材１３
とにより充分撹拌混合され、矢印方向に回転するスリー
ブ２とこれと反対方向に回転する磁石ロール１の搬送力
により、前記スリーブ２の表面に付着搬送される。前記
スリーブ２表面にはハウジング１１から延びる固定部材
６により保持された層厚規制部材４が端部に近い面の部
分で圧接されていて、搬送される現像剤りの層厚を規制
する。この現像剤層は現像領域２０において矢印方向に
回転する像形成体１０上の潜像を間隙をへだでて非接触
で現像し、トナー偉を形成する。In this developing device, the developer in the developer reservoir 18 is scraped by a first stirring member 12 rotating in the direction of the arrow and a second stirring member 13 rotating in the opposite direction so as to overlap with each other.
The mixture is sufficiently agitated and mixed, and is adhered to and conveyed to the surface of the sleeve 2 by the conveying force of the sleeve 2 rotating in the direction of the arrow and the magnetic roll 1 rotating in the opposite direction. A layer thickness regulating member 4 held by a fixing member 6 extending from the housing 11 is pressed against the surface of the sleeve 2 at a surface near the end, and regulates the layer thickness of the developer being conveyed. This developer layer develops the latent image on the image forming body 10 rotating in the direction of the arrow in the developing area 20 without contacting the gap, thereby forming a toner layer.
現像（反転現像）時には電源１９から像形成体１０の非
露光部の電位と同程度の直流成分と交流部分を含む現像
バイアスが前記スリーブ２に印加され、その結果スリー
ブ２上の現像剤中のトナーのみが選択的に前記潜像の面
に移行して付着される。During development (reversal development), a developing bias containing a DC component and an AC component, which is comparable to the potential of the non-exposed area of the image forming body 10, is applied to the sleeve 2 from the power source 19, and as a result, the developer in the developer on the sleeve 2 is Only toner is selectively transferred and deposited onto the surface of the latent image.
なお現像剤のＷ！Ｉ層の層厚は例えば以下のようにして
測定できる。すなわち、日本光学（株）ニコンプロフイ
ールプロジエクタ−を用い、スＵ−７’４）スクリーン
の投影像と、スリーブに薄層を形成した状態の投影像と
の位置の比較に上り層厚が求められる。In addition, the developer W! The layer thickness of the I layer can be measured, for example, as follows. That is, using a Nikon profile projector manufactured by Nippon Kogaku Co., Ltd., the layer thickness was determined by comparing the positions of the projected image of the screen and the projected image of the thin layer formed on the sleeve. It will be done.
次に層厚規制部材４は一端が固定部材５により固定され
、他端に近い部分でスリーブ２弾性的に圧接し、かつ磁
気作用により現像剤流を強力に規制するため、現像剤は
キャリアのほぼ平均粒径に近い層厚で間隙をすり抜け、
その結果例えば１０００μ輪以下、好ましくは３０〜５
００μ論の薄層現像剤層とされる。か（して現像剤中の
異物の大半はこの間隙を通過することができず自動的に
排除され極めて均一な現像剤層が形成される。Next, the layer thickness regulating member 4 is fixed at one end by the fixing member 5, and elastically presses against the sleeve 2 at a portion near the other end, and strongly regulates the developer flow by magnetic action, so that the developer flows into the carrier. It slips through the gap with a layer thickness close to the average particle size,
As a result, for example, 1000μ rings or less, preferably 30 to 5
It is considered to be a thin developer layer according to the 00μ theory. Most of the foreign matter in the developer cannot pass through this gap and is automatically removed, forming an extremely uniform developer layer.
ところで、現像剤層を構成するキャリア及びトナーが小
粒径の方が画質の解像力及び階調再現性の点から有利と
され、例えば現像剤層のキャリアを３０μ纏以下の小粒
径とした場合でも前記した層規制部材４のような手段を
用いることにより現像剤中の不純物や粒ｊｌｔ等を自動
的に排除して均一な′ｒｇ層を形成することができる。Incidentally, it is said that it is advantageous for the carrier and toner constituting the developer layer to have a small particle size from the viewpoint of image resolution and gradation reproducibility. For example, when the carrier in the developer layer has a small particle size of 30 μm or less. However, by using a means such as the layer regulating member 4 described above, it is possible to automatically eliminate impurities, particles, etc. in the developer and form a uniform 'rg layer.
しかも前記キャリアがトナーと同程度の小粒径とされた
場合でも同様不純物の混入が排除されて均一な薄層形成
が可能になる。Furthermore, even when the carrier has a particle size as small as that of the toner, contamination with impurities is similarly eliminated, making it possible to form a uniform thin layer.
逆に像形成体ｌＯのキャリア付着を防止するためには、
キャリア粒径が大きい方が強い磁力を受けることから好
ましい０例えばキャリア粒径が３０〜１００μ−程度に
なっても前記の方法によれば現像剤の均一な薄層が形成
できるキャリア粒径が大さくなると、薄層中のキャリア
の穂高が太き（なるとともに層が粗くなり、現像性は悪
くなる。この点から斗ヤリ７粒径は１５〜５０μ鶴磁化
が例えば２０〜６０ｅｍｕ／ｇとすることが望ましい。Conversely, in order to prevent carrier adhesion on the image forming body 1O,
A larger carrier particle size is preferable because it receives a stronger magnetic force. For example, even if the carrier particle size is about 30 to 100 μ-, the carrier particle size is large enough to form a uniform thin layer of developer according to the above method. As the thickness decreases, the height of the carrier in the thin layer increases (as the layer becomes rougher, the developability deteriorates. From this point of view, the Toyari 7 grain size is set to 15 to 50 μm, and the Tsuru magnetization is set to, for example, 20 to 60 emu/g. This is desirable.
前記現像装置に岨み込まれろ撹拌部材１２及Ｖ１３の具
体的構造を示す斜視図及び正面図が第７図（イ）及び（
ロ）に示される。図中１２ａ＝１２１＋、１２ｃは第１
攪拌部材の撹拌羽根、１３ａ、１３ｂ、１３ｃは第２攪
拌部材の攪拌羽根で、角板羽根、円板羽根、楕円板羽根
等各種の想様があり、それぞれ回転軸１４及び１５に互
に異なる角度及び／又は位置で固定されている。前記２
つの撹拌部材１２及び１３は、撹拌羽根が互に衝突する
ことなく互いにオーバーラツプするように構成されてい
るため、左右方向の攪拌が十分に行なわれると共に、撹
拌板の傾斜のため前後方向の撹拌も十分に行なわれる。A perspective view and a front view showing the specific structure of the stirring member 12 and V13 inserted into the developing device are shown in FIGS.
b). In the figure, 12a=121+, 12c is the first
The stirring blades 13a, 13b, and 13c of the stirring member are the stirring blades of the second stirring member, and there are various designs such as square plate blades, disc blades, and elliptical plate blades, and they are different from each other on the rotating shafts 14 and 15, respectively. Fixed in angle and/or position. Said 2
The two stirring members 12 and 13 are configured so that the stirring blades overlap each other without colliding with each other, so that sufficient stirring is performed in the left and right directions, and the inclination of the stirring plates also allows for stirring in the front and rear directions. It is done well.
又、補給ローラ１７を介してホッパ１６から補給された
トナーＴも短時間で現像剤り中に均一混合される。Further, the toner T supplied from the hopper 16 via the supply roller 17 is also uniformly mixed into the developer in a short time.
以上のように十分に撹拌され望ましい摩擦帯電が付与さ
れた現像剤りは、スリーブ２上に付着搬送される過程で
前記層厚規制部材４により、規制され極めて薄くかつ均
一な現像剤層が形成される。The developer layer, which has been sufficiently stirred and given a desired frictional charge as described above, is regulated by the layer thickness regulating member 4 during the process of being deposited and conveyed onto the sleeve 2, and an extremely thin and uniform developer layer is formed. be done.
このようにして得られる現像剤層は前記したように極め
て薄層 （１０μ−〜５００μ醜）なものとされるので
、像形成体１０とスリーブ２どのギャップ、即ち現像ｒ
ｌｌｌ隙を例えば７００μ鎗まで狭（して非接触現像が
十分可能となる。このように現像ギャップを狭くすると
現像領域２０の電界が大きくなるので、スリーブ２に印
加する現像バイアスが小さくでも十分な現像が達成され
、現像バイアスのリーク放電等も軽減される利点がある
。さらには現像して得られる画像の解像力゛その他ｉｉ
ｉ質が全般的に向上する。Since the developer layer obtained in this way is extremely thin (10 μm to 500 μm thick) as described above, the gap between the image forming body 10 and the sleeve 2, that is, the developing r.
By narrowing the gap to, for example, 700 μm, non-contact development becomes sufficiently possible. When the development gap is narrowed in this way, the electric field in the development area 20 increases, so even if the development bias applied to the sleeve 2 is small, it is sufficient to perform non-contact development. There is an advantage that development is achieved and leakage discharge of the developing bias is also reduced.Furthermore, the resolution of the image obtained by development is improved.
i-quality improves overall.
以上説明した本発明の現像剤１１！！厚規制部材を用い
た極めて薄い現像剤層とする現像装置は、例えば小径ス
リーブの現像においてＷ［者な効果が発揮される。即ち
従来、例えば３０ｍｍ程度以下の小径スリーブにより非
接触現像を行う場合、現像剤層の層厚規制がやりにくい
ため１０程度の現像ギャップが必要であった。このため
高圧の交流バイアスが必要とされ、現像して得られる画
像の解像力、階調再現性及び全体的な画質が低下し、特
に文字などの細部が十分再現されない、あるいは現像装
置の電気的絶縁のため設計が困難になる等の弊害があっ
た。Developer 11 of the present invention explained above! ! A developing device that uses a thickness regulating member to form an extremely thin developer layer exhibits a significant effect when developing a small-diameter sleeve, for example. That is, conventionally, when non-contact development is performed using a small diameter sleeve of about 30 mm or less, a development gap of about 10 is required because it is difficult to regulate the thickness of the developer layer. For this reason, a high-voltage AC bias is required, which deteriorates the resolution, gradation reproducibility, and overall image quality of the image obtained by developing, and in particular, the details such as characters may not be reproduced sufficiently, or the electrical insulation of the developing device may deteriorate. Therefore, there were disadvantages such as making design difficult.
これに対して本発明の現像剤層厚規制部材４を用いた現
像装置においては極めて薄い現像剤層を形成して現像刷
るようにしているので、現像ギャップを小さくすること
ができ、ＷＬ界が十分大さくなるので現像されるｗ像の
解像力、階調再現性その他の［ｌＩ：ｔが格段に向上し
たものとなる。又、小径スリーブが可能な場合、高価な
現像装置が小型となりコストダウンとなる外、多くの現
像装置が必要なカラー電子写真等において作像機器の配
列が容易となり、装置全体がコンパクト化される利点が
ある。On the other hand, in the developing device using the developer layer thickness regulating member 4 of the present invention, an extremely thin developer layer is formed and developed, so the development gap can be reduced and the WL field can be reduced. Since it is sufficiently large, the resolution, gradation reproducibility, and other [lI:t] of the developed W image are significantly improved. In addition, if a small diameter sleeve is possible, the expensive developing device becomes smaller and costs are reduced, and in color electrophotography, etc., where many developing devices are required, it becomes easier to arrange the imaging equipment, making the entire device more compact. There are advantages.
さらに本発明の現像剤層厚規制部材４を用いた現像方法
における別の効果としては、小粒径のキャリアやトナー
を用いた場合にも飛散を少なく抑えられることが挙げら
れる１ｍＪち従来小粒径のキャリアとトナーから成る現
像剤を用いで現像すると、前記キャリア及び／又はトナ
ーが飛散して装置内を汚染するとか、カラートナーを収
容する現像装置に異色のトナーが混入して画像のカラー
バランスが乱れるとか、かぶりが発生する等の問題があ
ったが、本発明の現像装置によれば前記諸問題が全て解
決される。Furthermore, another effect of the developing method using the developer layer thickness regulating member 4 of the present invention is that scattering can be suppressed to a minimum even when carriers and toners with small particle diameters are used. When developing with a developer consisting of a large diameter carrier and toner, the carrier and/or toner may scatter and contaminate the inside of the device, or a different color toner may mix into the developing device that accommodates the color toner, causing the color of the image to change. There have been problems such as imbalance and fogging, but the developing device of the present invention solves all of these problems.
又別の効果としては、現像装置が非接触現像とされ、ト
ナーのみが潜像面に向かって選択的に旭川しで現像され
るので、待に有機感光層を有する僧形成体を使用して反
転像をする場合に発生しがちな潜像面へのトナーのかぶ
りやキャリア付着が防止される。又潜像面を摺擦しない
ので像形成体表面を損傷したり、刷き目を形成したりす
ることがなく一解像力及び階調再現性が良好であり、十
分な量のトナーを潜像面に付着させることができる。さ
らに又トナー像が形成された像形成体１０上に重ねて現
像することができるので本発明の多色現像に好適である
。Another effect is that the developing device is a non-contact developing system, and only the toner is selectively developed toward the latent image surface by Asahikawa. Toner fogging and carrier adhesion on the latent image surface, which tend to occur when creating a reversed image, are prevented. In addition, since the latent image surface is not rubbed, there is no damage to the surface of the image forming body or the formation of brush marks, and the resolution and gradation reproducibility are good. can be attached to. Furthermore, since the toner image can be superimposed on the image forming body 10 and developed, it is suitable for the multicolor development of the present invention.
なお本発明の現像剤層厚規制部材４を用いた現像装置に
おける安定した現像条件としては、現像剤層が１０〜５
００μ鰺、現像ギャップが２００μｌ〜７００μ鴫とさ
れるのが好ましい。Note that stable development conditions in a developing device using the developer layer thickness regulating member 4 of the present invention include that the developer layer has a thickness of 10 to 5
It is preferable that the development gap be 200 μl to 700 μl.
次に本発明の現像剤Ｎ厚規制部材４を用いた現像に適用
される現像剤のトナーの構成は以下のようである。Next, the composition of the toner of the developer applied to development using the developer N thickness regulating member 4 of the present invention is as follows.
■ 熱可塑性樹脂（結着剤）８０〜９０ｗｔ％例：ポリ
スチレン、スチレンアクリル重合体、ポリエステル、ポ
リビニルブチラール、エポキシｔｊ４脂、ポリアミド樹
脂、ポリエチレン、エチレン酢ビ共重合体など、あるい
は上記の混合物■ 顔料（着色剤）０〜１５ｗｔ％
例：Ｘ：カーボンプラック、アニリンブラック、７アー
ネツクスブラツク、ランププ２フク
イエロー：ベンジジン誘導体、オーラミン、タートラジ
ン
マゼンタ：ローダミンＢレーキ、カーミン６Ｂ。■ Thermoplastic resin (binder) 80 to 90 wt% Examples: polystyrene, styrene acrylic polymer, polyester, polyvinyl butyral, epoxy TJ4 resin, polyamide resin, polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, etc., or a mixture of the above ■ Pigment (Coloring agent) 0 to 15 wt% Example:
デエボン、オイルレッド、ローズ
ベンガル、ピグメントレッドなど
シ ア ン：＠７タロシアニン、スルホンアミド 誘導
体染料、７ニリンプルー、
メチレンブルー等
■ 荷電制御剤 ０〜５ｗＬ％
プラストナー：ニグロンン系の電子供与性染料、アルコ
キシル化アミン、アルキルアミド、キレート、顔料、４
級アンモニウム塩など
マイナストナー：電子受容性の有Ｉ！１錯体、塩素化パ
ラフィン、塩素化ポリエステル、酸基過剰のポリエステ
ル、塩素化＃Ｉ７タロン７ニンなど■ 流動化剤
例：コロイグルシリ力、疎水性シリカ、シリコンフェス
、金属石ケン、非イオン界面活性剤など
■ クリーニングＭ（感光体上のトナーのフィルミング
を防止）
例：脂肪酸金属塩、表面に有機基をもつ酸化ケイ２酸、
７７素系界面活性剤など
■ 充填剤（画像の表面光沢の改良、原材料費の低減）
例：炭酸カルシウム、クレー、タルク、顔料などこれら
の材料のほか、画像面へのかぶりやトナー飛散を防ぐた
め、磁性粉を少量含有させてもよい。Devon, Oil Red, Rose Bengal, Pigment Red, etc. Cyan: @7 Talocyanine, Sulfonamide Derivative Dyes, 7 Niline Blue, Methylene Blue, etc. Charge Control Agent 0-5wL% Plastoner: Nigron-based electron-donating dye, alkoxylation amines, alkylamides, chelates, pigments, 4
Negative toner such as grade ammonium salt: Electron-accepting I! 1 complex, chlorinated paraffin, chlorinated polyester, polyester with excess acid groups, chlorinated #I7 talon 7 nin, etc. ■ Examples of fluidizing agents: Colloiglucilisili, hydrophobic silica, silicon face, metal soap, nonionic surfactant etc.■ Cleaning M (prevents toner filming on the photoreceptor) Examples: fatty acid metal salts, silicic acid oxides with organic groups on the surface,
77-element surfactants, etc. ■ Fillers (Improves image surface gloss, reduces raw material costs) Examples: Calcium carbonate, clay, talc, pigments, etc. In addition to these materials, they also prevent fogging on the image surface and toner scattering. Therefore, a small amount of magnetic powder may be included.
このような磁性粉としでは粒径０．１〜１糟−の四三酸
化鉄、γ−酸化第二鉄、二酸化クロム、ニッケル７エラ
イト、鉄合金粉末などが用いられ、０．１〜５ｗｔ％含
有される。さらに鮮明な色を保つためには１ｗｔ％以下
とするのが望ましい。As such magnetic powder, triiron tetroxide, γ-ferric oxide, chromium dioxide, nickel 7-erite, iron alloy powder, etc. with a particle size of 0.1 to 1% are used, and the particle size is 0.1 to 5wt%. Contains. In order to maintain even clearer colors, it is desirable that the content be 1 wt% or less.
なお、約２０ｋｇ／ｃ−の力で塑性変形して紙に定着さ
せる圧力定着用トナーに適する樹脂としては、ワックス
、ポリオレフィン類、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポ
リツレタン、ゴムなどの粘着性樹脂などが用いられる。In addition, resins suitable for pressure fixing toners that are plastically deformed and fixed to paper with a force of about 20 kg/c- include adhesive resins such as wax, polyolefins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, polyurethane, and rubber. used.
以上の材料を用いて従来公知の製造方法によりトナーを
作ることができる。A toner can be made using the above-mentioned materials by a conventionally known manufacturing method.
本現像装置において、さらに好ましい画像を得るために
、トナー粒径（重量平均）は１５μ−程度以下、特に９
〜１μ−であることが望ましい、９μ箇を超えると十分
な解像力と階調再現性が得られに＜＜、特に１５μ−を
超えると十分な解像力と階調再現性かえられにくり、特
に１５μ−を越えると細字がよみに（くなり、逆に１μ
輸以下だとかぶりが発生し、画像の鮮明さが失われる。In this developing device, in order to obtain a more preferable image, the toner particle size (weight average) is about 15μ or less, especially 9
It is desirable that it is ~1μ-, if it exceeds 9μ, sufficient resolution and gradation reproducibility will not be obtained. If you exceed -, the fine print will become more readable (or vice versa, 1μ
If the image quality is lower than 50%, fogging will occur and the clarity of the image will be lost.
なお、本発明でいうトナー及びキャリアの粒径、又は平
均粒径は重量平均粒径を意味し、該重量平均粒径はコー
ルタ−カウンタ （タールタ社製）で測定された値であ
る。また粒子の固有抵抗は、粒子を１．ＯｃＪの断面積
を有する円筒に入れてタッピングした後、詰められた粒
子上に１ ｋｇ／ｃｍ”の荷重をかけて厚さをＩＩ程度
とし、荷重と低面電極との間に１０２〜１０５Ｖ／ｃ−
程度の電界を発生させてそのとき流れる電流値から求め
られる。Incidentally, the particle size or average particle size of the toner and carrier as used in the present invention means a weight average particle size, and the weight average particle size is a value measured with a Coulter Counter (manufactured by Tarta Co., Ltd.). In addition, the specific resistance of the particles is 1. After placing the particles in a cylinder with a cross-sectional area of OcJ and tapping, a load of 1 kg/cm'' was applied to the packed particles to make the thickness approximately II, and a voltage of 102 to 105 V/cm was applied between the load and the lower electrode. c-
It is determined from the current value that flows when an electric field of approximately
又キャリアの構成は以下のようであり、基本的にトナー
の構成材料として挙げたものが用いられる。The structure of the carrier is as follows, and basically the materials listed as the constituent materials of the toner are used.
キャリア粒子は磁性体粒子と樹脂を主な成分とするもの
であって、解像力や階調再現性を向上させるため、好ま
しくは球形化され、重量平均粒径が１００μ−以下、特
に１５μ−以上５０μ−以下のものが好適である。ここ
でキヤ１７７粒子径が５０μ−１特に１００μ−を超え
ると現像剤層の薄層化を阻害し、現像性が悪くなり、画
質が低下する。又１５μ曽未満だと現像剤の現像性、摩
擦帯電性、流動性が悪（、かつキャリア飛散が発生する
。The carrier particles are mainly composed of magnetic particles and resin, and are preferably spherical in order to improve resolution and gradation reproducibility, and have a weight average particle diameter of 100μ or less, particularly 15μ or more and 50μ. - The following are preferred: If the particle diameter of Kya 177 exceeds 50 .mu.-1, especially 100 .mu.-, the developer layer will not be made thinner, developability will deteriorate, and image quality will deteriorate. If it is less than 15μ, the developability, triboelectricity and fluidity of the developer will be poor (and carrier scattering will occur).
また、バイアス電圧によって電荷が注入されて感光体面
にキャリアが付着したり、潜像を形成する電荷が消失し
たりするのを防ぐため、キャリアの抵抗率は１０６Ωｃ
輪以上、好ましくは１０１３Ωｃｍ以上、さらに好まし
くは１０１ΩＣ−以上の絶縁性のものがよい。In addition, in order to prevent charges from being injected by the bias voltage and causing carriers to adhere to the photoreceptor surface and to prevent charges forming a latent image from disappearing, the resistivity of the carrier is set to 106Ωc.
It is preferable to use an insulating material having an insulating value of at least 10 13 Ωcm, more preferably at least 10 1 Ωcm.
このようなキヤ＋７７は、磁性体の表面を樹脂で被覆す
るか、あるいは磁性体微粒子を樹脂に分散含有させ、得
られた粒子を公知の粒径選別手段で選別して作られる。Such a carrier +77 is made by coating the surface of a magnetic material with a resin, or by dispersing fine magnetic particles in a resin, and selecting the resulting particles using a known particle size selection means.
さらにキャリアを球形化する場合は以下のように行う。Further, to make the carrier spherical, proceed as follows.
■ 樹脂被覆キャリア：磁性体粒子として球形のものを
選ぶ
■ 磁性粉分散キャリア：分散樹脂形成後に熱風や熱水
による球形化処理を施したり、スプレードライ法により
直接球形の分散１ｆ＊を形成する。■Resin-coated carrier: Select spherical magnetic particles ■Magnetic powder dispersion carrier: After forming the dispersed resin, perform a spherical treatment using hot air or hot water, or directly form a spherical dispersion 1f* by spray drying.
キャリアを球形化した場合には、現像剤担持体と弾性板
の間隙を通過する際に、キャリアの受ける力がキャリア
全体に分散され、キャリアの破壊が少なくなり、キャリ
アの寿命を長くすることができる。When the carrier is spherical, the force applied to the carrier is dispersed over the entire carrier when it passes through the gap between the developer carrier and the elastic plate, which reduces carrier breakage and extends the life of the carrier. can.
上述のトナーとキャリアを、各表面積の総和が等しくな
る程度の比で混合することが好ましい。It is preferable to mix the toner and carrier described above in such a ratio that the total surface area of each toner is equal.
例えばトナーの平均粒径が１０μ−、キャリアの平均粒
径が２０μｌであるとき、トナー濃度（現像剤に占める
トナーの重量比）が５〜４０ｗｔ％、好ましくは８〜２
５−１％に設定するのが適当である。For example, when the average particle size of toner is 10 μl and the average particle size of carrier is 20 μl, the toner concentration (weight ratio of toner to developer) is 5 to 40 wt%, preferably 8 to 2
It is appropriate to set it to 5-1%.
即ち本発明に適用される現像剤においては、従来の大粒
径キャリアの外周の多数の小粒径上トナーが付着して成
る現像剤とは異なり、キャリアの粒径が小さいものとさ
れているため、両者の表面積の総和がほぼ等しくなる程
度の混合比が好ましいものとされる。That is, in the developer applied to the present invention, the particle size of the carrier is small, unlike a conventional developer in which a large number of small particle size toners are attached to the outer periphery of a large particle size carrier. Therefore, it is preferable that the mixing ratio is such that the total surface area of both materials is approximately equal.
また本発明に適用できる現像剤は前述したような二成分
現像剤に限定されるものではなく、磁性キャリアと非磁
性トナーの他に例えば、色の異なる第二の非磁性トナー
を加えて、三成分現像剤とした現像剤や、あるいは、磁
性トナーを加えて三成分現像剤にするなどしてもよい、
また、これらキャリアトナーなどの他に、種々の添加剤
を加えても同様に安定で均一な薄層が形成可能である。Further, the developer that can be applied to the present invention is not limited to the two-component developer as described above, and in addition to the magnetic carrier and non-magnetic toner, for example, a second non-magnetic toner of a different color may be added to create a three-component developer. The developer may be a component developer, or a three-component developer may be created by adding magnetic toner.
Further, in addition to these carrier toners, various additives may be added to form a stable and uniform thin layer.
以下本発明を実施例により具体的に説明するが本発明の
実施の態様はこれにより限定されるものではない。EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to Examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
（実施例１）
第８図は本実施例を説明する像形成装置の］！！部部面
面図、第６図と同一内容には同一符号が付される。 ２
０は第６図と同一構成の非接触現像装置で現像剤層厚規
制部材４としては第１図の弾性圧接板４ａ及び磁性片４
ｂから成るものが装着されている。２１はコロナ帯電器
、Ｌ像露光光、２２は転写前露光ランプ、２３は転写極
、２４は分離電極、Ｐｌ！松写紙、２５はクリーニング
用除電装置で除電電極２５ｍと除電ランプ２５ｂとから
成る。２６はクリーニング装置で、クリーニングブレー
ド２６ｍ及びバイアスローラ２６ｂを有する。(Example 1) FIG. 8 shows an image forming apparatus for explaining this example]! ! Components that are the same as those in the partial sectional view and FIG. 6 are given the same reference numerals. 2
0 is a non-contact developing device having the same configuration as that shown in FIG. 6, and the developer layer thickness regulating member 4 is the elastic pressure contact plate 4a and magnetic piece 4 shown in FIG.
A device consisting of b is attached. 21 is a corona charger, L image exposure light, 22 is a pre-transfer exposure lamp, 23 is a transfer pole, 24 is a separation electrode, Pl! The pine paper 25 is a static eliminator for cleaning, consisting of a static eliminator electrode 25m and a static eliminator lamp 25b. A cleaning device 26 includes a cleaning blade 26m and a bias roller 26b.
この装置では以下のようにして像形成が行なわれる。像
形成体１０の表面にコロナ帯電器２１により一様な電位
となるように電衡を付与した後、像露光りを施しで潜像
を形成する。この潜像を現像装置２０により後述する条
件下で現像してトナー像を得る。このトナー像は転写前
露光ランプ２２により一様露光を受けた後、所定のタイ
ミングで搬送された松写紙Ｐ上に転写極２３の作用で転
写され、転写紙Ｐは分離極２４の作用で像形成体１０か
ら分＃ｌ′：！−れ、さらに図示しない定着器によって
転写されたトナー像が松写紙Ｐ上に定着されて機外へ排
出される。一方、転写された後の像形成体１０表面は、
クリーニング前除電装置２５の除電極２５ｍおよび除電
ランプ２５ｂにより除電された後、クリーニング装置ｆ
ｉ２６のブレード２６ｍにより清掃され、この時こぼれ
落ちるトナーがバイアスを印加されて回覧するバイアス
ロール２６ｂにより受けとめられ、排出用スクリューフ
ンベヤ−により排出される。Image formation is performed in this apparatus as follows. After applying electrobalance to the surface of the image forming body 10 using a corona charger 21 so as to have a uniform potential, imagewise exposure is performed to form a latent image. This latent image is developed by the developing device 20 under conditions described later to obtain a toner image. After this toner image is uniformly exposed by the pre-transfer exposure lamp 22, it is transferred onto the pine paper P conveyed at a predetermined timing by the action of the transfer pole 23, and the transfer paper P is transferred by the action of the separation pole 24. Minute #l' from image forming body 10:! Then, the toner image transferred by a fixing device (not shown) is fixed on the pine paper P and discharged outside the machine. On the other hand, the surface of the image forming body 10 after being transferred is
After the static electricity is eliminated by the static elimination electrode 25m and the static elimination lamp 25b of the pre-cleaning static elimination device 25, the cleaning device f
The toner is cleaned by the blade 26m of the i26, and the toner that spills out at this time is received by the bias roll 26b which circulates under the application of a bias, and is discharged by the discharge screw conveyor.
次に用いた現像剤について説明する。Next, the developer used will be explained.
トナーは、以下のようにして作製される。The toner is produced as follows.
ポリエステルＦＪ（ＩＴｆｆＵＸ−Ｋ １２０ρ １
００重１部（化工石鹸社９１）
ポリプロピレン ６６０ｐ ６ ／／
（三洋化成工業社製）
カーボンブラック モーがルＬ １０ 〃（キャボッ
ト社製）
をヘンシェルミキサーにて混合した後、３本ロールにて
１４０℃の温度で十分混練した後故冷し、粗粉砕、ジェ
ットミルによる粉砕、分級の工程により平均粒径１０μ
論の着色材粒子を得る。この着色材粒子１００重ＩＬ部
に疎水性微粒シリカＲ−８１２（白木アエロノル社！Ｉ
）０．４ｉ１！量部を加えて■型混合器にて分散混合し
て、トナーが得られる。Polyester FJ (ITffUX-K 120ρ 1
00 weight 1 part (Kako Soupsha 91) Polypropylene 660p 6 //
(manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.) Carbon black Mogaru L 10 (manufactured by Cabot Corporation) was mixed in a Henschel mixer, thoroughly kneaded with three rolls at a temperature of 140°C, then cooled, coarsely ground, The average particle size is 10μ by the process of pulverization and classification using a jet mill.
Obtain solid colorant particles. Hydrophobic fine silica R-812 (Shiraki Aeronor Co., Ltd.! I
)0.4i1! A certain amount is added and dispersed and mixed in a type mixer to obtain a toner.
このトナーの主な物性値は、抵抗率が約１０′４Ωｅｌ
ｌ、平均粒径１０μ鴫、比１１！１．２ｇ／ａｍ’であ
る。The main physical properties of this toner are resistivity of approximately 10'4 Ωel.
1, average particle size 10μ, ratio 11!1.2g/am'.
キヤＩ７７は以下のようにして作製される。Kya I77 is manufactured as follows.
球形マンがンー亜鉛系７エライト粒子（Ｔ Ｄ Ｋ社製
）に対し、スピラコーターにより粒子表面にスチレン−
アクリル樹脂を厚さ１．５μ−にコーティングしてキャ
リアを得る。主な物性値は、平均粒径が３０／Ｊｍ、抵
抗率が１０’りΩＣ−１磁化が８５ｅｍｕ／ａｍ３、比
重が４．６１／ｅ■３である。Spherical manganese zinc-based 7-elite particles (manufactured by T.D.K.) were coated with styrene on the particle surface using a spira coater.
A carrier is obtained by coating with acrylic resin to a thickness of 1.5 μm. The main physical properties are an average particle diameter of 30/Jm, a resistivity of 10'/ΩC-1 magnetization of 85 emu/am3, and a specific gravity of 4.61/e3.
このようなトナー１０重量部とキヤｌ７７９０重量部と
を混合して目的とする現像剤を得る。これを十分攪拌す
れば、トナーの平均帯電量は約−２０μＣ／ｇとなる。A desired developer is obtained by mixing 10 parts by weight of such toner and 7790 parts by weight of a cartridge. If this is sufficiently stirred, the average charge amount of the toner will be about -20 μC/g.
その他の像形成条件をまとめて第１表に示す。Other image forming conditions are summarized in Table 1.
第 １ 表
以上の条件で繰り返しｔ、ｏｏｏ回の像形成をｆテなっ
た結果、地力ブリの発生がなく高解像力、かつ高濃度鮮
明な画像が得られた。As a result of repeating image formation t and ooo times under the conditions shown in Table 1, a high-resolution, high-density, and clear image was obtained without any ground blurring.
（比較例１）
実施例１の層厚規制部材４に代えて１１厚の剛性＾ｌ板
から成る層厚規制部材を用い、スリーブ２面上に間隔１
００μ鴫をへだでて近接配置した他は実施例１と同様の
装置を用いて同様の条件下で像形成を行った。この場合
スリーブ面上には粗雑でむらの多い約３００μｍ厚の現
像剤層が形成され、像形成体１０上の静電潜像が上記現
像剤層により現像された結果、濃度むらの多い画像が形
成され、かつ５００回目頃上９層厚規制部材とスリーブ
２との間隙に異物が介在して、現像不能となった。(Comparative Example 1) In place of the layer thickness regulating member 4 of Example 1, a layer thickness regulating member made of a rigid board with an 11 thickness was used, and a gap of 1 was formed on the sleeve 2 surface.
Image formation was carried out under the same conditions using the same apparatus as in Example 1, except that the 00μ particles were placed in close proximity to each other. In this case, a rough and uneven developer layer with a thickness of about 300 μm is formed on the sleeve surface, and as a result of the electrostatic latent image on the image forming member 10 being developed by the developer layer, an image with a lot of density unevenness is formed. Around the 500th time, foreign matter was present in the gap between the upper 9-layer thickness regulating member and the sleeve 2, making development impossible.
（比Ｖ例２）
実施例１の層厚規制部材４の磁性体４ａを除いて弾性圧
接板４ａのみとした層厚規制部材を用いた他は実施例１
と同様の装置を用いて同様の条件（層厚規制部材の圧接
力Ｆ ３．ＯＦｉの瓜さ／、ｍ）で、像形成を竹なった
。(Comparison V Example 2) Example 1 except that the layer thickness regulating member 4 of Example 1 except for the magnetic material 4a and only the elastic pressure contact plate 4a was used.
Image formation was carried out using the same apparatus and under the same conditions (pressure contact force of layer thickness regulating member F3, degree of OFi/, m).
この場合スリーブ面上には約２００μ−厚の薄い現像剤
層が形成されたが、層厚規制部材の幅方向の数ケ所に変
形が見られ、そのため現像剤層に筋が発生し、画像上に
数ケ所の白筋横様がａ察された。In this case, a thin developer layer of about 200μ-thick was formed on the sleeve surface, but deformation was observed in several places in the width direction of the layer thickness regulating member, which caused streaks in the developer layer, which appeared on the image. Several white streaks were observed.
（実施例２）
第１０図（イ）は本実施例を説明する多色像形成装置の
要部断面図で、第１０図（ロ）は該装置に組み込まれる
書き込み装置を表わす断面図である。(Example 2) FIG. 10(A) is a cross-sectional view of the main parts of a multicolor image forming apparatus for explaining this example, and FIG. 10(B) is a cross-sectional view showing a writing device incorporated in the apparatus. .
第１０図（イ）の多色像形成装置は以下のように動作す
る。ａ像入力部ＩＮは、照明光源３１、ミラー３２、レ
ンズ３３、−次元カラーＣＣＤ撮像素子３４が一体とな
ってユニット化されていて、画像入力部ＩＮが図示しな
い駆動装置によって矢印に方法に移動し、ＣＣＤ撮像素
子３４が原稿を読取る。The multicolor image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 10(a) operates as follows. The image input section IN is a unit in which an illumination light source 31, a mirror 32, a lens 33, and a -dimensional color CCD image sensor 34 are integrated, and the image input section IN is moved in the direction of the arrow by a drive device (not shown). Then, the CCD image sensor 34 reads the original.
画像入力部ＩＮで読取られた画像情報は、画像処Ｆ１部
ＴＲで記録に適したデータに変換される。The image information read by the image input section IN is converted into data suitable for recording at the image processing section F1 TR.
レーザー光学系３６は、上記の画像データに基づいて以
下のようにして像形成体１上に潜像を形成し、この潜像
が現像されてトナー像が像形成体１０４１により表面が
均一に帯電される。続いてレーザー尤′７系３６から記
録データに従った像露光りがレンズを介して像形成体１
０上に照射される。このようにしてｅ？ｌ！潜像が形成
される。このｅ電潜像はイエａ−）ナーが収容されてい
る現像装ｒ！ＩＡにより現像される。この現像５！ｃｆ
ＷＡは前記６図の構成であるが磁石ロール１が固定とさ
れる。The laser optical system 36 forms a latent image on the image forming body 1 in the following manner based on the above image data, and this latent image is developed so that the surface of the toner image is uniformly charged by the image forming body 1041. be done. Next, image exposure according to the recorded data is applied from the laser beam system 36 to the image forming body 1 through the lens.
0 is irradiated. In this way e? l! A latent image is formed. This e-electronic latent image is stored in a developing device r! Developed by IA. This development 5! cf
WA has the configuration shown in FIG. 6 above, but the magnet roll 1 is fixed.
トナー像が形成された像形成体１０は、再びスフロトロ
ン？ｉ？電極により均一に帯電され、別の色成分の記録
データに従った像露光りを受ける。形成された静電潜像
はマゼンタトナーが収納されている現像ＶｃｆＷＢによ
り現像される。この結果、像形成体１０上にイエロート
ナーとマゼンタトナーによる２色トナー像が形成される
。以下同様にして現像装ｒ！ＩＣ及び現像装ｆｉＤによ
りシアントナー、黒トナーが重ねて現像され、像形成体
１０上に４色トナー像が形成される。な第３荷記現像ｆ
ｒｌｌＢ、Ｃ及びＤはいづれも前記装ｒａＡと同様の構
造を有するものとされる。このようにして得られた多色
トナー像は、露光ランプ４２により除電されて転写され
易くされた後、転写極４３に上り像形成とタイミングを
合わせて紙送り装ｆ１４８から給送される記録紙Ｐに転
写される。記録紙Ｐは分離極４により像形成体１０から
分離され、定着器４５で定着される。一方、像形成体１
０は除電極４６とクリーニング装ｒａ４７によｌ）清掃
される。The image forming body 10 on which the toner image has been formed is again a Sufrotron? i? It is uniformly charged by electrodes and subjected to image exposure according to recorded data of different color components. The formed electrostatic latent image is developed by a developer VcfWB containing magenta toner. As a result, a two-color toner image of yellow toner and magenta toner is formed on the image forming body 10. In the same manner, the developing device r! Cyan toner and black toner are developed in a superimposed manner by the IC and the developing device fiD, and a four-color toner image is formed on the image forming body 10. Third loading record development f
It is assumed that rllB, C, and D all have the same structure as the above-mentioned device raA. The thus obtained multicolor toner image is neutralized by the exposure lamp 42 to be easily transferred, and then rises to the transfer pole 43 and is fed from the paper feeding device f148 to the recording paper in synchronization with the image formation. Transferred to P. The recording paper P is separated from the image forming body 10 by the separation pole 4 and is fixed by the fixing device 45. On the other hand, image forming body 1
0 is cleaned by the removal electrode 46 and the cleaning device RA47.
クリーニング装ｆｉ４７はクリーニングブレード４７ａ
と７アーブラシ４７ｃとを有する。これらは像形成中は
像形成体１０とは非接触に保たれていて、像形成体１０
に多色像が形成されるとその転写後に像形成体１０と接
触し、転写残トナーを掻き取る。その後、クリーニング
ブレード４フａが像形成体１から離れ、少し遅れて７１
−ブラシ４７ｃが像形成体１から離れる。ファーブラシ
４７ｃはクリーニングブレード４７ａが像形成体１がら
離れる際、像形成体１上に残るトナーを除去する働きを
する。４７ｂはブレード４７ｍで掻き取られたトナーを
補集するローラーである。The cleaning device fi47 is a cleaning blade 47a.
and a 7-ar brush 47c. These are kept out of contact with the image forming body 10 during image formation, and the image forming body 10
When a multicolor image is formed on the image forming member 10, after the multicolor image is transferred, it comes into contact with the image forming member 10 and scrapes off the residual toner. After that, the cleaning blade 4a separates from the image forming body 1, and after a short delay, the cleaning blade 4a leaves the image forming body 1.
- the brush 47c leaves the image forming body 1; The fur brush 47c functions to remove toner remaining on the image forming body 1 when the cleaning blade 47a leaves the image forming body 1. 47b is a roller that collects the toner scraped off by the blade 47m.
レーザー光学系３６を１１図（ロ）に示す０図中、３フ
は半導体レーザー発振器、３８は回覧多面鏡、３９は「
θレンズである。The laser optical system 36 is shown in FIG.
It is a θ lens.
又現像剤層厚規制部材４は第９図の構成とされ、各現像
装置Ａ−Ｄに１■み込まれる。第９図において４ｃ及び
４ｃは０． ＩＩ６＋ａＦＪのマイラーフィルム４ｄは
０、１ｍ−厚のスチール製磁性弾性圧接板で、これら互
いに貼り合わされて前記層厚規制部材４を構成する。Further, the developer layer thickness regulating member 4 is constructed as shown in FIG. 9, and one portion is inserted into each developing device A to D. In FIG. 9, 4c and 4c are 0. The II6+aFJ mylar film 4d is a 0.1 m-thick steel magneto-elastic pressure contact plate, which is bonded together to form the layer thickness regulating member 4.
ここで用いるキャリアは実施例１と同様のものとした。The carrier used here was the same as in Example 1.
またトナーは、黒色トナーが実施例１と同一のもので、
他のトナーではカーボンブラックの代わりに、各着色剤
を月いた。すなわち、イエロートナーではオーラミン、
マゼンタトナーではローダミンＢ１シアントナーでは銅
７タロシアニンが用いられている。トナーとキャリアの
混合比はいずれも１ ： ９ （ｆｆｌ量比）とし
た、＋Ｉ！の作像第２表
以上の条件で、イエロー、マゼンタ、シアン、黒の順に
現像して多色像を形成したところ、地力ブリがな（高濃
度で色調鮮明な画像が得られた。In addition, the toner is the same black toner as in Example 1,
Other toners used each colorant instead of carbon black. In other words, yellow toner contains auramine,
In the magenta toner, copper 7 talocyanine is used in the Rhodamine B1 cyan toner. The mixing ratio of toner and carrier was 1:9 (ffl amount ratio), +I! When a multicolor image was formed by developing yellow, magenta, cyan, and black in this order under the conditions shown in Table 2, an image with high density and clear tone was obtained.
（実施例３）
本実施例においては、実施例２の像形成製はの現像装置
（Ａ 、Ｂ 、Ｃ、Ｄ ）に代えて、固定磁石ロール１
の現像部における磁極を像形成体１０に対向する位置に
設けず、Ｎ、Ｓ磁極のほぼ中間を前記像形成体面（スリ
ーブ２に最接近する面）に対向して設けた現像装置が用
いられる。(Example 3) In this example, in place of the image forming roller developing device (A, B, C, D) of Example 2, a fixed magnet roll 1
A developing device is used in which the magnetic pole in the developing section is not provided at a position facing the image forming body 10, but is provided approximately midway between the N and S magnetic poles facing the surface of the image forming body (the surface closest to the sleeve 2). .
本実施例の現像装置によれば、現像部において相隣るＮ
、Ｓ磁極［ｌ１１に水平磁界が形成され、像形勢体ｌＯ
上のｅ電層像をより一層均−な薄い現像剤により現像を
行なうことが可能となる。According to the developing device of this embodiment, adjacent N
, a horizontal magnetic field is formed at the S magnetic pole [l11, and the image forming body lO
It becomes possible to develop the upper e-electronic layer image with a more uniform and thinner developer.
Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ，Ｄの各現像装置を上記の如くした他は実施
例２と同様にしてカラー画像の形成を行なつた結果ｚ、
ｏｏｏ枚の連続コピーを行なっても高濃度鮮明なカラー
画像が得られた。A color image was formed in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the developing devices A, B, C, and D were changed as described above. As a result, z,
High-density, clear color images were obtained even after continuous copying of OOOO sheets.
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明の現像装置によ
れば地力ブリがなく、高濃度鮮明な画像が得られ、特に
多色画像形成に応用したとき、特に色にごワのない鮮明
な画像が得られる。As is clear from the above description, the developing device of the present invention can produce high-density, clear images without blurring, and especially when applied to multicolor image formation, can produce clear images with no unevenness in color. An image is obtained.
第１図及び第２図はスリーブ表面に圧接される本発明の
現像剤層厚規制部材の構成を説明する断面図、ｐＩＳ３
図は第２図の層厚規制部材の部分断面図、第４図はＮＪ
層厚規制部材スリーブへ圧接する条件を説明する断面図
、ｌ１４５図は層厚規制部材としての弾性圧接板の先端
遊びｆｉｌとスリーブ上の現像剤量との関係を、圧接力
をパラメータとして示したグラフ、第６図は本発明に適
する現像ＩＷ１の例を示す断面図、第７図（イ）は第６
図の現像装置に組み込まれる攪拌装置の斜視図、第７図
（ロ）は第→図（イ）の攪拌装置の正面図、第８図は実
施１例１の像形Ｉ＆ｖｔｌ！の断面図、第９図は実施例
２の層厚規制部材の断面図、第１０図（イ）は実施例２
の多色像形成装置の断面図、第１０図（ロ）は第１０図
（イ）の装置に組み込まれる書各込み装置の断面図であ
る。
１−−−−一磁石ロール、２−一一一一スリーブ３ −
−−−一現偉ロール、 ４ −−−−一層厚規制部材４
ａ−−−−−弾性圧接板、 ４！Ｊ−−−−一磁性片５
−−−−一弾性圧接板４ａの支持部材Ｇ −−−−
−＜さび影領域
Ｌ −−−−一自由長、 Ｄ −−一−−現像剤Ｋ
−−−−一圧接点
ｄ−−−−−スリーブとＦＩＩＩ厚規制部材との間隙１
−一−−−遊び量
ｈ−−−−−スリーブと／ｉ１厚規制部材の先端との間
隙１０−−−−一像形成体く感光体）
１２．１３−−−−一攪件器
１６−−−−− ）ナーホッパ
１７−−−−、− ）ナー補給ローラ
１８−−−−−現像剤溜り、 １９−−−−−バイアス
電源２１−−−−一帯７４器、 ２２−−−−一転写前
露光ランプ２３−−−−−転写器、 ２４−−−−一分
離器２５−−−−−クリーニング剪除電装置２６−−−
−−クリーニング装置
２７、Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ，Ｄ −−−−一現像装置ＩＮ−−
−−−画像入力部、 ３４−−−− ＣＣＤ撮像素子Ｔ
Ｒ−−−−一画像処理部、 ３６−−−−−書き込み装
置出願人 小西六写真工業株式会社
第４図
第６図
第５図
仮ｆＪｄｈｍｖ量ＪＩ （ｍｍ）
第７図（イ）
第７図（０）
１２ａ １３ｂ
第８図
第９図
手続補正書
昭和６３年 ２月２５日FIGS. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of the developer layer thickness regulating member of the present invention that is pressed against the sleeve surface, pIS3
The figure is a partial sectional view of the layer thickness regulating member in Figure 2, and Figure 4 is the NJ
A sectional view illustrating the conditions for press contacting the layer thickness regulating member to the sleeve, Figure 145 shows the relationship between the end play fil of the elastic pressure contact plate as the layer thickness regulating member and the amount of developer on the sleeve, using the pressure contact force as a parameter. The graph, FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing an example of the developing IW1 suitable for the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 7(B) is a front view of the stirring device shown in FIGS. → FIGS. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the layer thickness regulating member of Example 2, and FIG. 10 (A) is a cross-sectional view of the layer thickness regulating member of Example 2.
FIG. 10(B) is a sectional view of a writing device incorporated into the apparatus of FIG. 10(A). 1----1 magnet roll, 2-1111 sleeve 3-
---One weight roll, 4 ---Thickness regulating member 4
a----Elastic pressure contact plate, 4! J---One magnetic piece 5
----- Support member G of the monoelastic pressure contact plate 4a -----
-<Rust shadow area L---One free length, D---One---Developer K
----- Single pressure contact d ----- Gap 1 between sleeve and FIII thickness regulating member
-1--Amount of play h----Gap between the sleeve and the tip of the /i1 thickness regulating member 10--12.13--12.13--16 -------) Ner hopper 17 ----, -) Ner supply roller 18 ---- Developer reservoir, 19 ---- Bias power supply 21 ---- 74 devices in one area, 22 ---- 1. Pre-transfer exposure lamp 23 --- Transfer device, 24 --- 1. Separator 25 --- Cleaning pruning static eliminator 26 ---
--Cleaning device 27, A, B, C, D -----One developing device IN--
--- Image input section, 34 --- CCD image sensor T
R-----Image processing section, 36-------Writing device Applicant: Roku Konishi Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Figure 4 Figure 6 Figure 5 Temporary fJdhmv amount JI (mm) Figure 7 (A) Figure 7 Figure (0) 12a 13b Figure 8 Figure 9 Procedural amendment February 25, 1988
Claims (5)
容する現像剤容器と該容器内にあって回転する現像剤搬
送担体と、該現像剤搬送担体の内側に設けられる固定又
は回転する磁石ロールと、前記現像剤搬送担体の外表面
に設けられ、少なくとも一部に磁性体を含む弾性圧接板
から成る現像剤層厚規制部材とを有して成り、前記現像
剤搬送担体により現像領域へ搬送されて像形成体上の静
電潜像を現像する現像剤層の層厚を前記層厚規制部材と
前記磁石ロール間に働く磁気力の影響下に規制すること
を特徴とする現像装置。(1) A developer container containing a two-component developer consisting of toner and a magnetic carrier, a rotating developer transport carrier located within the container, and a fixed or rotating magnet roll provided inside the developer transport carrier. and a developer layer thickness regulating member provided on the outer surface of the developer transport carrier and consisting of an elastic press plate containing a magnetic material at least in part, and the developer layer is transported to the developing area by the developer transport carrier. A developing device characterized in that the thickness of a developer layer for developing an electrostatic latent image on an image forming body is regulated under the influence of a magnetic force acting between the layer thickness regulating member and the magnet roll.
である特許請求の範囲第１項記載の現像装置。(2) The average particle size of the magnetic carrier is 15 to 100 μm
A developing device according to claim 1.
ルが固定磁石ロールであり、かつ前記弾性圧接板の先端
から前記現像剤搬送担体により現像剤が搬送される方向
に対して上流に向う磁界が形成されている特許請求の範
囲第１項記載の現像装置。(3) The magnet roll provided inside the developer transport carrier is a fixed magnet roll, and a magnetic field is directed upstream from the tip of the elastic pressure contact plate with respect to the direction in which the developer is transported by the developer transport carrier. The developing device according to claim 1, wherein the developing device is formed with:.
ルが回転磁石ロールであり、前記弾性圧接板の先端が前
記磁石ロールの回転に伴ない振動する特許請求の範囲１
項記載の現像装置。(4) The magnet roll provided inside the developer transport carrier is a rotating magnet roll, and the tip of the elastic pressure contact plate vibrates as the magnet roll rotates.
Developing device as described in section.
像剤搬送担体との間隙に交流バイアスを印加して生ずる
振動電界下に前記現像剤層により非接触で現像される特
許請求の範囲第１項記載の現像装置。(5) The electrostatic latent image on the image forming body is developed in a non-contact manner by the developer layer under an oscillating electric field generated by applying an alternating current bias to the gap between the image forming body and the developer transport carrier. A developing device according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61285306A JP2657804B2 (en) | 1986-11-27 | 1986-11-27 | Developing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61285306A JP2657804B2 (en) | 1986-11-27 | 1986-11-27 | Developing device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63135974A true JPS63135974A (en) | 1988-06-08 |
| JP2657804B2 JP2657804B2 (en) | 1997-09-30 |
Family
ID=17689818
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61285306A Expired - Lifetime JP2657804B2 (en) | 1986-11-27 | 1986-11-27 | Developing device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2657804B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02127668A (en) * | 1988-11-08 | 1990-05-16 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Developing device |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61147264A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-07-04 | Kyocera Corp | Method and device for forming toner layer |
-
1986
- 1986-11-27 JP JP61285306A patent/JP2657804B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61147264A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-07-04 | Kyocera Corp | Method and device for forming toner layer |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02127668A (en) * | 1988-11-08 | 1990-05-16 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Developing device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2657804B2 (en) | 1997-09-30 |
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