JPS6313113B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6313113B2 JPS6313113B2 JP57095782A JP9578282A JPS6313113B2 JP S6313113 B2 JPS6313113 B2 JP S6313113B2 JP 57095782 A JP57095782 A JP 57095782A JP 9578282 A JP9578282 A JP 9578282A JP S6313113 B2 JPS6313113 B2 JP S6313113B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- collector
- temperature
- low
- outlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/14—Combinations of low and high pressure boilers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B3/00—Other methods of steam generation; Steam boilers not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F22B3/04—Other methods of steam generation; Steam boilers not provided for in other groups of this subclass by drop in pressure of high-pressure hot water within pressure- reducing chambers, e.g. in accumulators
- F22B3/045—Other methods of steam generation; Steam boilers not provided for in other groups of this subclass by drop in pressure of high-pressure hot water within pressure- reducing chambers, e.g. in accumulators the drop in pressure being achieved by compressors, e.g. with steam jet pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S90/00—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、集熱器と貯湯槽を分離し、例えばフ
ロンのような潜熱媒体を内部に封入した閉回路を
構成することにより集熱器で熱媒体を蒸発し、貯
湯槽で熱媒体蒸気を凝縮することにより、太陽熱
を集熱、搬送する太陽熱温水器に関するものであ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention separates a heat collector and a hot water storage tank and forms a closed circuit in which a latent heat medium such as fluorocarbon is sealed inside, thereby evaporating the heat medium in the heat collector. This invention relates to a solar water heater that collects and transports solar heat by condensing heat medium vapor in a hot water storage tank.
従来のこの種の太陽熱温水器は第１図及び第２
図に示すように構成されている。即ち、熱交換器
１を内設して断熱された貯湯槽２の下方に集熱器
３を接続している。集熱器３は第２図に示すよう
に、太陽光を良く透過する透過板４で上部を覆つ
たケーシング５の中に、フイン６に集熱管７を溶
接し太陽光を良く吸収するように表面処理してな
る集熱板８と、集熱板８の底部を断熱する断熱材
９を設けて構成されている。この場合、集熱器３
の集熱管７と熱交換器１を接続し、閉回路を構成
すると同時に、閉回路内部を低圧にしてフロン等
の潜熱媒体を作動媒体として封入している。集熱
時は集熱管７内の熱媒体液が太陽熱により加熱さ
れて蒸発し、蒸気となつて熱交換器１に入り、そ
こで凝縮し、そのときの凝縮熱が貯湯槽２内の水
温を上昇することにより蓄熱される。一方、太陽
熱温水器の性能は、Ｘ軸に集熱時における集熱板
平均温度と平均外気温との差を日積算日射量で割
つた値をとり、Ｙ軸に集熱効率をとると、第３図
のように表わすことができる。第２図に示すよう
な平板形の集熱器３を用いた場合、Ｘ軸の値が
0.04℃m2・日／kcalでは約40％程度の集熱効率し
か得ることができなかつた。又、真空管形のよう
な高温集熱器を用いた場合、価格は倍以上になる
にもかかわらず、集熱効率は高々50％程度にしか
ならないという欠点があつた。 Conventional solar water heaters of this type are shown in Figures 1 and 2.
It is configured as shown in the figure. That is, a heat collector 3 is connected below a hot water storage tank 2 which is insulated and has a heat exchanger 1 installed therein. As shown in Fig. 2, the heat collector 3 has a casing 5 whose upper part is covered with a transparent plate 4 that transmits sunlight well, and a heat collection pipe 7 is welded to the fins 6 to absorb sunlight well. It is constructed by providing a heat collecting plate 8 whose surface has been treated and a heat insulating material 9 which insulates the bottom of the heat collecting plate 8. In this case, heat collector 3
The heat collecting pipe 7 and the heat exchanger 1 are connected to form a closed circuit, and at the same time, the pressure inside the closed circuit is kept low and a latent heat medium such as fluorocarbon is enclosed as a working medium. During heat collection, the heat medium liquid in the heat collection pipe 7 is heated by solar heat and evaporates, becomes steam and enters the heat exchanger 1, where it condenses, and the condensed heat at that time increases the water temperature in the hot water storage tank 2. Heat is stored by doing so. On the other hand, the performance of a solar water heater is determined by taking the difference between the average temperature of the heat collecting plate during heat collection and the average outside air temperature divided by the daily cumulative solar radiation on the X-axis, and the heat collection efficiency on the Y-axis. It can be expressed as shown in Figure 3. When using a flat heat collector 3 as shown in Fig. 2, the value of the X axis is
At 0.04℃ m2・day/kcal, a heat collection efficiency of only about 40% could be obtained. Furthermore, when a high-temperature heat collector such as a vacuum tube type is used, the heat collection efficiency is only about 50% at most, although the price is more than double.
本発明はこのような従来の欠点を解消するため
に為されたもので、外部より動力を得ることな
く、太陽熱によつて駆動するヒートポンプサイク
ルを構成し、潜熱媒体の一部を低温にして低温集
熱をすることにより、大幅なコストアツプをする
ことなく太陽熱温水器全体の集熱効率を向上させ
ることを目的とするものである。 The present invention was made in order to eliminate such conventional drawbacks, and it constitutes a heat pump cycle that is driven by solar heat without obtaining power from the outside, and lowers a part of the latent heat medium to a low temperature. By collecting heat, the objective is to improve the heat collection efficiency of the entire solar water heater without significantly increasing costs.
上記目的を達成するために本発明は、熱交換器
を内設する貯湯槽の下方に熱媒体による蒸気発生
用の高温集熱器と低温集熱器を設け、前記熱交換
器出口の配管を２方向に分岐し、一方を高温集熱
器の入口に、他方を膨張手段を介して低温集熱器
の入口にそれぞれ接続し、高温集熱器の出口にエ
ジエクターの入口を接続し、エジエクターの低圧
発生用の吸込口を低温集熱器の出口に接続し、エ
ジエクターの出口を熱交換器の入口に接続したも
のである。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a high-temperature collector and a low-temperature collector for steam generation using a heat medium below a hot water storage tank in which a heat exchanger is installed, and connects piping at the outlet of the heat exchanger. It branches into two directions, one side is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature collector, the other is connected to the inlet of the low-temperature collector via an expansion means, the inlet of the ejector is connected to the outlet of the high-temperature collector, and the The suction port for generating low pressure is connected to the outlet of the low-temperature collector, and the outlet of the ejector is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger.
本発明は上記構成とすることによつて、高温集
熱器で発生した高温高圧蒸気がエジエクター内の
ノズルを通過するとき高速蒸気になることによ
り、吸込口に接続された低温集熱器を低圧にする
と同時に熱交換器で凝縮した熱媒体が膨張手段を
通ることにより断熱膨張し、低温となる。それ
故、低温集熱器では貯湯槽水温より低い温度で集
熱することになり、かつヒートポンプサイクルが
構成されるため、従来の太陽熱温水器より大幅に
集熱効率が向上すると同時に、低温集熱器は安価
なフイン付き集熱管だけの構成でも可能になる。 By having the above configuration, the present invention turns high-temperature, high-pressure steam generated in the high-temperature collector into high-speed steam when it passes through the nozzle in the ejector, thereby lowering the pressure of the low-temperature collector connected to the suction port. At the same time, the heat medium condensed in the heat exchanger passes through the expansion means, expands adiabatically, and becomes low temperature. Therefore, a low-temperature collector collects heat at a temperature lower than the water temperature of the hot water storage tank, and because it has a heat pump cycle, the heat collection efficiency is significantly improved compared to conventional solar water heaters. This is possible even with a configuration consisting only of inexpensive heat collecting tubes with fins.
以下、本発明の一実施例を第４図〜第６図に基
づき説明する。先ず第４図において、高温集熱器
１１及び低温集熱器１２は熱交換器１３を内設す
る貯湯槽１４の下方に設けられ、前記高温集熱器
１１の出口にはエジエクター１５が接続されてい
る。更にエジエクター１５の出口は熱交換器１３
の入口に、吸込口は低温集熱器１２の出口にそれ
ぞれ接続されている。又熱交換器１３の出口は２
方向に分岐配管されており、一方は高温集熱器１
１の入口に、他方は膨張弁１６を介して低温集熱
器１２の入口にそれぞれ接続されている。エジエ
クター１５の構成は第５図に示すように、入口管
１７の先端にノズル１８が設けられ、このノズル
１８は吸込口１９を有する混合室２０内において
出口管２１に接続されている。又前記高温集熱器
１１には真空管形集熱器又は二重透過体を有する
平板形集熱器が用いられ、低温集熱器１２には第
２図に示すような集熱板８〔フイン６、集熱管
７〕が単体で用いられる。 Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 4 to 6. First, in FIG. 4, a high-temperature heat collector 11 and a low-temperature heat collector 12 are provided below a hot water storage tank 14 in which a heat exchanger 13 is installed, and an ejector 15 is connected to the outlet of the high-temperature heat collector 11. ing. Furthermore, the outlet of the ejector 15 is connected to the heat exchanger 13.
, and the suction inlet is connected to the outlet of the cryogenic collector 12, respectively. Also, the outlet of the heat exchanger 13 is 2.
The pipes are branched in the direction, and one side is connected to the high temperature collector 1.
1 and the other is connected to the inlet of the low-temperature collector 12 via an expansion valve 16, respectively. As shown in FIG. 5, the structure of the ejector 15 is such that a nozzle 18 is provided at the tip of an inlet pipe 17, and this nozzle 18 is connected to an outlet pipe 21 within a mixing chamber 20 having a suction port 19. Further, the high temperature collector 11 is a vacuum tube type collector or a flat plate type collector having a double transmitting body, and the low temperature collector 12 is a heat collector plate 8 (finned) as shown in FIG. 6, heat collecting pipe 7] is used alone.
上記構成において、閉回路を構成する配管内に
はフロンのような潜熱媒体が封入されている。以
下に、上記構成における作動状況を説明する。通
常、液化している熱媒体は自重により高温集熱器
１１又は低温集熱器１２の底部に溜つているが、
太陽光が照射すると高温集熱器１１では熱媒体が
蒸発して高温高圧の蒸気になり、エジエクター１
５に流入し、ノズル１８で高速蒸気流になつて吸
込口１９に接続されている低温集熱器１２を減圧
し、内部の蒸気を混合室２０に導く。混合した蒸
気流は出口管２１を通つて熱交換器１３に入り、
凝縮液化し、その凝縮熱が貯湯槽１４内の水温を
上昇させ、蓄熱される。液化した熱媒体は２方向
に分岐し、一方は高温集熱器１１に入り、位置水
頭分即ち高さ分だけ加圧される。他方は膨張弁１
６により断熱膨張し、低温熱媒液として低温集熱
器１２に入り、太陽熱により加熱されて蒸発し、
再びエジエクター１５の吸込口１９より混合室２
０に導かれるヒートポンプサイクルが構成され
る。このように、低温集熱器１２には貯湯槽１４
の貯水よりも低い温度の熱媒体が入り、かつヒー
トポンプサイクルが構成されて低温集熱が行なわ
れるため、集熱効率が向上する。即ち第６図のよ
うに、高温集熱器１１の性能はＡの実線、低温集
熱器１２はＢの１点鎖線、第２図に示す従来の集
熱器は破線Ｃで示されるが、従来の集熱効率が前
述したように40％程度であるのに対して、上記本
発明の構成では高温集熱器１１は50％程度で作動
し、低温集熱器１２は低温集熱、即ち熱媒体が外
気温度近くで集熱するため、90％程度の集熱効率
を得ることができ、全体として70％程度の集熱効
率を得ることができる。 In the above configuration, a latent heat medium such as fluorocarbon is sealed in the piping that constitutes the closed circuit. The operating conditions in the above configuration will be explained below. Normally, the liquefied heat medium accumulates at the bottom of the high-temperature heat collector 11 or the low-temperature heat collector 12 due to its own weight.
When sunlight irradiates, the heat medium evaporates in the high-temperature collector 11 and becomes high-temperature, high-pressure steam,
5, becomes a high-speed steam flow at a nozzle 18, depressurizes a low-temperature collector 12 connected to an inlet 19, and guides the internal steam to a mixing chamber 20. The mixed vapor stream enters the heat exchanger 13 through the outlet pipe 21;
The water is condensed and liquefied, and the heat of condensation raises the water temperature in the hot water storage tank 14 and is stored as heat. The liquefied heat medium branches into two directions, one enters the high temperature heat collector 11, and is pressurized by the positional head, that is, the height. The other is expansion valve 1
6, it expands adiabatically, enters the low temperature collector 12 as a low temperature heat transfer liquid, is heated by solar heat and evaporates,
Mixing chamber 2 again from the suction port 19 of the ejector 15
A heat pump cycle led to zero is constructed. In this way, the hot water storage tank 14 is installed in the low temperature heat collector 12.
A heat medium with a temperature lower than that of the stored water is introduced, and a heat pump cycle is configured to perform low-temperature heat collection, improving heat collection efficiency. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the performance of the high temperature collector 11 is shown by the solid line A, the low temperature collector 12 is shown by the dashed line B, and the conventional heat collector shown in FIG. 2 is shown by the broken line C. While the conventional heat collection efficiency is about 40% as described above, in the configuration of the present invention, the high temperature heat collector 11 operates at about 50%, and the low temperature heat collector 12 collects low temperature heat, that is, heat collection efficiency is about 50%. Since the medium collects heat near the outside temperature, it is possible to obtain a heat collection efficiency of approximately 90%, and an overall heat collection efficiency of approximately 70%.
以上のように本発明によれば、安価な低温集熱
器を高温集熱器と組み合せて、用いることができ
ると同時に、可動部のあるコンプレツサーではな
く可動部のないエジエクターを用いて外部動力を
必要としないヒートポンプでサイクルを構成する
ことができるため、大幅なコストアツプをするこ
となく、信頼性の高い高効率の太陽熱温水器を実
現することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, an inexpensive low-temperature heat collector can be used in combination with a high-temperature heat collector, and at the same time, an ejector without moving parts is used instead of a compressor with moving parts to generate external power. Since the cycle can be configured with a heat pump that is not required, a highly reliable and highly efficient solar water heater can be realized without significantly increasing costs.
第１図は従来の太陽熱温水器の部分断面図、第
２図は従来の太陽熱温水器に用いられる集熱器の
断面図、第３図は従来の太陽熱温水器の集熱器の
性能を示すグラフ、第４図〜第６図は本発明の一
実施例を示し、第４図は太陽熱温水器の部分断面
図、第５図はエジエクターの断面図、第６図は本
発明における太陽熱温水器の集熱器の性能を示す
グラフである。
１１……高温集熱器、１２……低温集熱器、１
３……熱交換器、１４……貯湯槽、１５……エジ
エクター、１６……膨張弁、１７……入口管、１
８……ノズル、１９……吸込口、２０……混合
室、２１……出口管。
Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional solar water heater, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a collector used in a conventional solar water heater, and Figure 3 shows the performance of the collector of a conventional solar water heater. The graphs and FIGS. 4 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a solar water heater, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an ejector, and FIG. 6 is a solar water heater according to the present invention. It is a graph showing the performance of the heat collector. 11...High temperature collector, 12...Low temperature collector, 1
3...Heat exchanger, 14...Hot water storage tank, 15...Ejector, 16...Expansion valve, 17...Inlet pipe, 1
8... Nozzle, 19... Suction port, 20... Mixing chamber, 21... Outlet pipe.
Claims (1)
よる蒸気発生用の高温集熱器と低温集熱器を設
け、前記熱交換器出口の配管を２方向に分岐し、
一方を高温集熱器の入口に、他方を膨張手段を介
して低温集熱器の入口にそれぞれ接続し、高温集
熱器の出口にエジエクターの入口を接続し、エジ
エクターの低圧発生用の吸込口を低温集熱器の出
口に接続し、エジエクターの出口を熱交換器の入
口に接続した太陽熱温水器。1. A high-temperature collector and a low-temperature collector for steam generation using a heat medium are provided below a hot water storage tank in which a heat exchanger is installed, and the piping at the outlet of the heat exchanger is branched into two directions,
One side is connected to the inlet of the high temperature collector, the other side is connected to the inlet of the low temperature collector through an expansion means, the inlet of the ejector is connected to the outlet of the high temperature collector, and the suction port for generating low pressure of the ejector is connected. is connected to the outlet of the low-temperature collector, and the outlet of the ejector is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57095782A JPS58213157A (en) | 1982-06-03 | 1982-06-03 | Water heater utilizing solar-heat |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57095782A JPS58213157A (en) | 1982-06-03 | 1982-06-03 | Water heater utilizing solar-heat |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58213157A JPS58213157A (en) | 1983-12-12 |
| JPS6313113B2 true JPS6313113B2 (en) | 1988-03-24 |
Family
ID=14147039
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57095782A Granted JPS58213157A (en) | 1982-06-03 | 1982-06-03 | Water heater utilizing solar-heat |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58213157A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011004866A1 (en) | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-13 | 株式会社Ihi | Vapor supply device |
| US11651398B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2023-05-16 | Ebay Inc. | Contextual menus based on image recognition |
| US11694427B2 (en) | 2008-03-05 | 2023-07-04 | Ebay Inc. | Identification of items depicted in images |
| US11727054B2 (en) | 2008-03-05 | 2023-08-15 | Ebay Inc. | Method and apparatus for image recognition services |
-
1982
- 1982-06-03 JP JP57095782A patent/JPS58213157A/en active Granted
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11694427B2 (en) | 2008-03-05 | 2023-07-04 | Ebay Inc. | Identification of items depicted in images |
| US11727054B2 (en) | 2008-03-05 | 2023-08-15 | Ebay Inc. | Method and apparatus for image recognition services |
| WO2011004866A1 (en) | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-13 | 株式会社Ihi | Vapor supply device |
| US11651398B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2023-05-16 | Ebay Inc. | Contextual menus based on image recognition |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58213157A (en) | 1983-12-12 |
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