JPS6284557A - Semiconductor device - Google Patents

Semiconductor device

Info

Publication number
JPS6284557A
JPS6284557A JP22275985A JP22275985A JPS6284557A JP S6284557 A JPS6284557 A JP S6284557A JP 22275985 A JP22275985 A JP 22275985A JP 22275985 A JP22275985 A JP 22275985A JP S6284557 A JPS6284557 A JP S6284557A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
emitter
layer
emitter layer
electrode
graded
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP22275985A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH07105487B2 (en
Inventor
Shigeru Kuroda
黒田 滋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujitsu Ltd
Original Assignee
Fujitsu Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fujitsu Ltd filed Critical Fujitsu Ltd
Priority to JP60222759A priority Critical patent/JPH07105487B2/en
Publication of JPS6284557A publication Critical patent/JPS6284557A/en
Publication of JPH07105487B2 publication Critical patent/JPH07105487B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/02Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/06Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
    • H01L29/08Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode carrying current to be rectified, amplified or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
    • H01L29/0804Emitter regions of bipolar transistors
    • H01L29/0817Emitter regions of bipolar transistors of heterojunction bipolar transistors

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Bipolar Transistors (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To manufacture a hetero-junction semiconductor device having small emitter resistance and also small emitter capacitance by forming the structure of an emitter layer in a mushroom shape expanding toward the emitter electrode side from the base layer side. CONSTITUTION:A base layer 2, a graded-emitter layer 3 and an emitter layer 4 are grown on a substrate 1 functioning as an N<+> type GaAs collector layer in combination by applying a molecular-beam epitaxial growth method. The mitter layer 4 is etched while using an emitter electrode 5 as a mask by applying a dry-etching method. The graded-emitter layer 3 is etched through a wet- etching method. The etching of the base layer 2 side in the graded-emitter layer 3 progresses at a speed faster than that of the emitter layer 4 side, thus resulting in a mushroom shape at a stage when etching is completed. Accordingly, emitter capacitance is reduced because the area of the emitter layer 3 being in contact with the base layer 2 is minimized, and emitter resistance is lowered because the area of the emitter layer 4 being in contact with the emitter electrode is increased.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔概要〕 本発明は、ヘテロ接合半導体装置に於いて、エミッタ層
が茸状をなし、該首状のエミッタ層の面積が狭い方の面
にベース層が接すると共に広い方の面にエミッタ電極が
接する構成をとることに依り、エミッタ容量及びエミッ
タ抵抗の両方を低減できるようにしたものである。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Summary] The present invention provides a heterojunction semiconductor device in which an emitter layer has a mushroom shape, and a base layer is in contact with a narrow side of the neck-shaped emitter layer, and a base layer has a wide area. By adopting a configuration in which the emitter electrode is in contact with one surface, both emitter capacitance and emitter resistance can be reduced.

〔産業上の利用分野〕[Industrial application field]

本発明は、ヘテロ接合を有し、その界面に対して直交す
る方向にキャリヤを走行させて動作する半導体装置の改
良に関する。
The present invention relates to an improvement in a semiconductor device that has a heterojunction and operates by causing carriers to run in a direction perpendicular to the interface thereof.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

一般に、HBT (heterojuncti。 Generally, HBT (heterojuncti.

n  bipolar  transistor)、H
ET (hot  electron  transi
stor)、QBT(quantized  base
  transistor)などへテロ接合を利用して
いる半導体装置に於いては、そのヘテロ界面に直交する
方向にキャリヤが高速で走行することができ、しかも、
−比較的大きな電流を取り出すことができるので容量性
負荷を高速で駆動するのに好適であること等の点から注
目を集めている。
n bipolar transistor), H
ET (hot electron transi)
stor), QBT (quantized base)
In semiconductor devices that utilize heterojunctions such as transistors, carriers can travel at high speed in a direction perpendicular to the heterojunction, and
- It is attracting attention because it is suitable for driving capacitive loads at high speed because it can draw a relatively large current.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

前記説明したようなヘテロ接合半導体装置に於いては、
その遮断周波数fTが(エミッタ抵抗×エミッタ容量)
に反比例している。
In the heterojunction semiconductor device as described above,
Its cutoff frequency fT is (emitter resistance x emitter capacitance)
is inversely proportional to

従って、遮断周波数f、を向上するには、エミッタ抵抗
及びエミッタ容量を共に低減させ、CR時定数を小さく
しなければならない。
Therefore, in order to improve the cutoff frequency f, it is necessary to reduce both the emitter resistance and the emitter capacitance, and to reduce the CR time constant.

然しなから、エミッタ抵抗を低減するには、エミッタ電
極の面積を大きくしてコンタクト抵抗を小さくしてやれ
ば良いが、エミッタ容量を低減するには、面積を小さく
する必要があり、所謂、二律背反の状態にある。
However, in order to reduce the emitter resistance, it is sufficient to increase the area of the emitter electrode and reduce the contact resistance, but in order to reduce the emitter capacitance, it is necessary to reduce the area, which is a so-called trade-off situation. It is in.

本発明は、エミッタ抵抗が小さく且つエミッタ容量も少
ないヘテロ接合半導体装置を提供する。
The present invention provides a heterojunction semiconductor device with low emitter resistance and low emitter capacitance.

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

本発明の半導体装置では、一方の面に於ける面積に比較
して他方の面に於ける面積が大きくなっているエミッタ
層(例えばエミッタ層3及び4)と、該エミッタ層の前
記一方の面に接してヘテロ界面を生成するベース層(例
えばベース層2)と、前記エミッタ層の前記他方の面に
接して形成されたエミッタ電8i(例えばエミッタ電極
5)とを備えてなる構成を採っている。
In the semiconductor device of the present invention, an emitter layer (for example, emitter layers 3 and 4) whose area on one surface is larger than that on the other surface, and The base layer (e.g., base layer 2) is in contact with the emitter layer to form a hetero interface, and the emitter electrode 8i (e.g., the emitter electrode 5) is formed in contact with the other surface of the emitter layer. There is.

〔作用〕[Effect]

前記構成に依ると、ベース層と接するエミッタ層の面積
は小さくなっているのでエミッタ容量は低減され、また
、エミッタ電極と接するエミッタ層の面積は大きくなっ
ているのでエミッタ抵抗は低減される。
According to the above structure, the area of the emitter layer in contact with the base layer is small, so the emitter capacitance is reduced, and the area of the emitter layer in contact with the emitter electrode is large, so the emitter resistance is reduced.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

図(A)乃至(E)は本発明一実施例を製造する場合に
ついて解説する為の工程要所に於ける半導体装置の要部
切断側面図を表し、以下、これ等の図を参照しつつ説明
する。尚、ここでは、HBTを対象としている。
Figures (A) to (E) represent cutaway side views of essential parts of a semiconductor device at key points in the process to explain the manufacturing of an embodiment of the present invention. explain. Note that here, HBT is targeted.

図(A)参照 (1)  分子線エピタキシャル成長(molecul
ar、beam  epitaxy:MBE)法を適用
することに依り、n+梨型GaAsコレクタ層兼基板l
上ベース層2、グレーデッド・エミッタ層3、エミッタ
層4を成長させる。
See figure (A) (1) Molecular beam epitaxial growth (molecular beam epitaxial growth)
By applying the ar, beam epitaxy (MBE) method, an n+ pear-shaped GaAs collector layer and substrate l
The upper base layer 2, graded emitter layer 3, and emitter layer 4 are grown.

これ等の諸手導体層を成長させる技術としては、前記し
たMBE法のみならず、有機金属化学堆積(matal
organics  chemical   vapo
ur   deposition:MOcVD)法など
を適用することもできる。
Techniques for growing these various conductor layers include not only the above-mentioned MBE method but also metal organic chemical deposition (matal
organics chemical vapo
It is also possible to apply a method such as ur deposition (MOcVD) method.

前記各半導体層に於ける諸データを例示すると次の通り
である。
Examples of data for each of the semiconductor layers are as follows.

■ ベース層2について 材料:p型GaAs 厚さ:1000(人〕 不純物:ベリリウム(Be) 不純物濃度: 5 X 10 ” (cs−’)■ グ
レーデッド・エミッタ層3について材料:n型A ’ 
X G a I−x A s厚さ:1000  (人〕 不純物:シリコン(Si) 不純物濃度5X101?(ロー3〕 X値:0.5〜0 (ベース層2=+エミッタ層4)■
 エミッタ層4について 材料:n型GaAs 厚さ=1500(人〕 不純物;Si 不純物濃度= 5 X I Q” (am’″3〕図(
B)参照 (2)  蒸着法を適用することに依り、エミッタ電極
材料膜を形成し、これを通常のフォト・リソグラフィ技
術にてバターニングしてエミッタ電極5を形成する。
■ Regarding the base layer 2 Material: p-type GaAs Thickness: 1000 (person) Impurity: Beryllium (Be) Impurity concentration: 5 x 10''(cs-') ■ Regarding the graded emitter layer 3 Material: n-type A'
X G a I-x A s Thickness: 1000 (people) Impurity: Silicon (Si) Impurity concentration 5X101? (Low 3) X value: 0.5 to 0 (Base layer 2 = + Emitter layer 4)■
Regarding emitter layer 4 Material: n-type GaAs Thickness = 1500 (person) Impurity: Si Impurity concentration = 5
See B) (2) By applying a vapor deposition method, an emitter electrode material film is formed, and this is patterned using a normal photolithography technique to form an emitter electrode 5.

このエミッタ電極5は、 材料:金(Au)  ・ゲルマニウム(Ge)/Au厚
さ:300(人)/2000(人〕 Au−Ge:Ge12 (wt%〕 である。
This emitter electrode 5 is made of: Material: Gold (Au), Germanium (Ge)/Au Thickness: 300 (people)/2000 (people) Au-Ge: Ge12 (wt%).

図(C)参照 (3)  エツチング・ガスをC(12F2とするドラ
イ・エツチング法を適用し、且つ、エミッタ電極5をマ
スクとしてエミッタ層4のエツチングを行う。
See Figure (C) (3) A dry etching method using C (12F2) as an etching gas is applied, and the emitter layer 4 is etched using the emitter electrode 5 as a mask.

前記のエツチング・ガスを用いた場合、GaAsとA1
GaAsの選択性は極めて良好であり、エミッタ層4の
下地であるグレーデッド・エミッタ層3は殆どエツチン
グされない。
When using the above etching gas, GaAs and A1
The selectivity of GaAs is extremely good, and the graded emitter layer 3 underlying the emitter layer 4 is hardly etched.

図(D)参照 (4)  エッチャントを沃素系エツチング液としたウ
ェット・エツチング法を適用することに依り、グレーデ
ッド・エミッタ層3のエツチングを行う。
(4) The graded emitter layer 3 is etched by applying a wet etching method using an iodine-based etching solution as the etchant.

前記のエッチャントを用いた場合、グレーデッド・エミ
ッタ層3の組成比Xに依存してエツチング・レートが異
なる。即ち、X値が大であればエツチングされ易いので
、グレーデッド・エミッタ層3に於けるベース層2例の
エツチングはエミッタ層4例のそれに比較して速く進行
する。従って、エツチングが終了した段階では、図示の
ように、型状になる。
When the above-mentioned etchant is used, the etching rate differs depending on the composition ratio X of the graded emitter layer 3. That is, if the X value is large, it is easy to be etched, so that the etching of the two base layers in the graded emitter layer 3 proceeds faster than that of the four emitter layers. Therefore, at the stage where etching is completed, the pattern is formed as shown in the figure.

図(E)参照 (5)蒸着法を適用することに依り、電極材料膜を全面
に形成し、これを通常のフォト・リソグラフィ技術にて
バターニングしてベース電極6を形成する。尚、エミッ
タ電極5も同じ電極材料膜で覆われるので、これを記号
7で指示しである。
Refer to Figure (E) (5) By applying a vapor deposition method, an electrode material film is formed on the entire surface, and this is patterned using a normal photolithography technique to form a base electrode 6. Incidentally, since the emitter electrode 5 is also covered with the same electrode material film, it is indicated by the symbol 7.

ここで留意すべきは、グレーデッド・エミ7り層3が型
状を成していることから、ベース電極6はエミッタ電極
4に対してセルフ・アライメント的に形成されることで
ある。
It should be noted here that since the graded emitter layer 3 has a molded shape, the base electrode 6 is formed in self-alignment with the emitter electrode 4.

このベース電極6は、 材料:チタン(Ti)/白金(Pt)/Au厚さ:50
0(人)1500(人)/2000〔人〕 である。
This base electrode 6 is made of: Material: Titanium (Ti)/Platinum (Pt)/Au Thickness: 50
0(person) 1500(person)/2000(person).

(6)通常の技法を適用することに依り、コレクタ層兼
基板1の裏面にコレクタ電極8を形成して完成する。
(6) By applying a conventional technique, a collector electrode 8 is formed on the back surface of the collector layer/substrate 1 to complete the process.

このコレクタ電極8は、 材料: A u−G e / A u 厚さ:200(人)/280.0C人〕AulGe:G
e12 (wt%〕 である。
This collector electrode 8 is made of: Material: A u-G e / A u Thickness: 200 (people) / 280.0C people] AulGe:G
e12 (wt%).

このようにして得られたHBTは、グレーデッド・エミ
ッタ層がベース層2に対向する部分が小面積で且つエミ
ッタ層4に対向する部分が大面積の型状をなしているこ
とから、エミッタとしての実効面積は小さく、従って、
エミッタ容量は低減され、また、エミッタ層4とエミッ
タ電極5とのコンタクト面積は大きいので、エミッタ抵
抗は小さくなっている。
The thus obtained HBT has a shape in which the portion of the graded emitter layer facing the base layer 2 has a small area and the portion facing the emitter layer 4 has a large area, so that it can be used as an emitter. The effective area of is small, so
Since the emitter capacitance is reduced and the contact area between the emitter layer 4 and the emitter electrode 5 is large, the emitter resistance is reduced.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明に依る半導体装置では、一方の面に於ける面積に
比較して他方の面に於ける面積が大きくなっているエミ
ッタ層と、該エミッタ層の前記一方の面に接してペテロ
界面を生成するベース層と、前記エミッタ層の前記他方
の面に接してペテロ界面を生成するベース層と、前記エ
ミッタ層の前記他方の面に接して形成されたエミッタ電
極とを備えてなる構成を採っている。
The semiconductor device according to the present invention includes an emitter layer whose area on one surface is larger than that on the other surface, and a Peter interface formed in contact with the one surface of the emitter layer. a base layer that is in contact with the other surface of the emitter layer to form a Peter interface, and an emitter electrode that is formed in contact with the other surface of the emitter layer. There is.

このように、エミッタ層の構造がベース層側からエミッ
タ電極側に向かって拡大する型状を成していることから
、エミッタ層がベース層に接する部分は小面積であり、
従って、エミッタとしての実効面積は小さいからエミッ
タ容量は低いものとなり、また、エミッタ層がエミッタ
電極に接する部分は大面積であり、従って、コンタクト
面積が大きいので、エミッタ抵抗は小さくなるものであ
り、その結果、遮断周波数f、を大きくすることができ
る。
In this way, since the structure of the emitter layer has a shape that expands from the base layer side to the emitter electrode side, the area where the emitter layer contacts the base layer is small.
Therefore, the effective area as an emitter is small, so the emitter capacitance is low, and the area where the emitter layer contacts the emitter electrode is large, so the contact area is large, so the emitter resistance is small. As a result, the cutoff frequency f can be increased.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図の(A)乃至(E)は本発明一実施例を製造する場合
について解説する為の工程要所に於ける半導体装置の要
部切断側面図を表している。 図に於いて、lはn+型GaASコレクタ層兼基板、2
はp型GaAsベース層、3はn型AIXG a +−
x A 3グレーデツド・エミッタ層、4はn型GaA
sエミッタ層、5はエミッタ電極、6はベース電極、7
は電極材料膜、8はコレクタ電極をそれぞれ示している
。 特許出願人   富士通株式会社 代理人弁理士  相 谷 昭 司 代理人弁理士  渡 邊 弘 − 図面の浄ご(内容に変更なし) 第1図(A) 第!図CB) 第1図(C) 第1図(D) 手続補正書動式) 昭和61年2月3日 特許庁長官 宇 賀 道 部 殿 1 事件の表示 昭和60年特許願第222759号 2 発明の名称 半導体装置 3 補正をする者 事件との関係 特許出願人 住 所 神奈川県用崎市中原区上小田中1015番地名
称(522)富士通株式会社 代表者 山本卓眞 4 代理人 住 所 東京都港区虎ノ門−丁目20番7号起案日 昭
和61年1月8日 発送日 昭和61年1月28日 6 補正の対象 明細書の発明の詳細な説明、図面の1
1)  明細書第4頁第8行、同第4頁第13行、同第
6頁第3行、同第6頁第13行、同第7頁第2行、同第
7頁第15行、「図」、の記載を、「第1図」、 と補正する。 (2)同第10頁第7行、「図」、の記載を、「第1図
」、 と補正する。 (3)出願当初の図面を全て別添図面に差し換える。 8 添付書類の目録
(A) to (E) of the drawings are cross-sectional side views of essential parts of a semiconductor device at important points in the process for explaining the manufacturing of an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, l is an n+ type GaAS collector layer and substrate, 2
is a p-type GaAs base layer, 3 is an n-type AIXG a +-
x A 3 graded emitter layers, 4 is n-type GaA
s emitter layer, 5 is an emitter electrode, 6 is a base electrode, 7
8 indicates an electrode material film, and 8 indicates a collector electrode. Patent applicant: Fujitsu Ltd. Representative Patent Attorney Akira Aitani Representative Patent Attorney Hiroshi Watanabe - Cleaning of drawings (no change in content) Figure 1 (A) No.! Figure CB) Figure 1 (C) Figure 1 (D) Procedural amendment written form) February 3, 1985 Director General of the Patent Office Mr. Michibe Uga 1 Indication of the case 1985 Patent Application No. 222759 2 Invention Name of semiconductor device 3 Relationship to the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address 1015 Kamiodanaka, Nakahara-ku, Yozaki-shi, Kanagawa Name (522) Fujitsu Limited Representative Takuma Yamamoto 4 Agent address Minato-ku, Tokyo Toranomon-chome 20-7 Drafting date January 8, 1985 Shipping date January 28, 1985 6 Subject of amendment Detailed explanation of the invention in the specification, drawing 1
1) Page 4, line 8 of the specification, page 4, line 13, page 6, line 3, page 6, line 13, page 7, line 2, page 7, line 15 , "Figure" shall be amended to read "Figure 1". (2) On page 10, line 7, the description of "Figure" is amended to read "Figure 1." (3) Replace all original drawings with attached drawings. 8 List of attached documents

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 一方の面に於ける面積に比較して他方の面に於ける面積
が大きくなっているエミッタ層と、該エミッタ層の前記
一方の面に接してヘテロ界面を生成するベース層と、 前記エミッタ層の前記他方の面に接して形成されたエミ
ッタ電極と を備えてなる半導体装置。
[Claims] An emitter layer whose area on one surface is larger than that on the other surface, and a base that is in contact with the one surface of the emitter layer to form a heterointerface. and an emitter electrode formed in contact with the other surface of the emitter layer.
JP60222759A 1985-10-08 1985-10-08 Semiconductor device Expired - Lifetime JPH07105487B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60222759A JPH07105487B2 (en) 1985-10-08 1985-10-08 Semiconductor device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60222759A JPH07105487B2 (en) 1985-10-08 1985-10-08 Semiconductor device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6284557A true JPS6284557A (en) 1987-04-18
JPH07105487B2 JPH07105487B2 (en) 1995-11-13

Family

ID=16787460

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60222759A Expired - Lifetime JPH07105487B2 (en) 1985-10-08 1985-10-08 Semiconductor device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH07105487B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003093857A2 (en) 2002-05-03 2003-11-13 Donnelly Corporation Object detection system for vehicle

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4870483A (en) * 1971-12-20 1973-09-25

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4870483A (en) * 1971-12-20 1973-09-25

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH07105487B2 (en) 1995-11-13

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