JPS6276476A - Synthetic aperture radar equipment - Google Patents
Synthetic aperture radar equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6276476A JPS6276476A JP60218389A JP21838985A JPS6276476A JP S6276476 A JPS6276476 A JP S6276476A JP 60218389 A JP60218389 A JP 60218389A JP 21838985 A JP21838985 A JP 21838985A JP S6276476 A JPS6276476 A JP S6276476A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- array
- transmitter
- array unit
- synthetic aperture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Transmitters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は合成開口レーダ装置に関し、特に高周波帯域に
おける効率的固体化を図った合成開口レーダ装置に関す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a synthetic aperture radar device, and particularly to a synthetic aperture radar device that is efficiently solidified in a high frequency band.
あらかじめ設定された飛翔径路を進行する航空機ゝ、人
工衛星等の飛翔体から進行方向側方の地上に所定の指向
方向をもつレーダ電波を発射し、その反射データを利用
して地上の状態を2次元の映像として合成する合成開口
レーダ装置はよく知らノtている。An aircraft traveling along a preset flight path, or a flying object such as an artificial satellite, emits radar radio waves with a predetermined pointing direction to the ground on the side of the direction of travel, and uses the reflected data to determine the state of the ground. Synthetic aperture radar devices that synthesize dimensional images are well known.
この合成開口レーダ装置にあっては距離および方位分解
能が高いことが要求され、このため距離方向ンまL F
M (Linear F M )パルスを送信し、受
信の際は時間周波数特性が送信パルスとは逆特性のフィ
ルタを通してパルス圧縮し尖鋭な受信パルスとしている
。This synthetic aperture radar system is required to have high range and azimuth resolution, and for this reason, it is necessary to have high range and azimuth resolution.
M (Linear F M ) pulses are transmitted, and upon reception, the pulses are compressed through a filter whose time-frequency characteristics are opposite to those of the transmitted pulses, resulting in sharp received pulses.
一方、力位角・虜@はレーダ装置自体が高速移動してい
ること全利用し、次次に取得するレーダエコーを合成し
等測的に大口径のアンテナを合成するとか、高速移動ン
こよっ−C生ずるレーダエコーに:&−けるドグラ周波
数をフィルタで細分化して利用することによって実際の
レーダビーム金等価的に狭ビームに分割するなどの手法
でそれぞれ所望の分解能を確保している。On the other hand, the force angle/capture takes full advantage of the fact that the radar equipment itself is moving at high speed, and synthesizes the radar echoes acquired one after another to synthesize a large-diameter antenna isometrically. By using a filter to subdivide the Dogra frequency generated by the radar echo, the desired resolution can be secured by techniques such as dividing the actual radar beam into narrow beams equivalent to each other.
〔発明が解決しようとする問題点]
合成量ロレーダ装fffでiL Ii”Mパルス?利用
し、受信の際はこのLFMとは時間周波数特性が逆特性
のフィルタを通すことによって尖鋭な受信パルスを得て
いるが、それでも一般に相当高出力のパルス送信機を必
要とする。このため固体素子が利用できるたかだかIG
Hz付近のLバンド周波数帯は別として、Cバンド、X
バンド等の周波数帯域でViTWT (Travele
ng Wave Tube) やクライスドロア等の
高′隊力電子管を利用せざるを得ない状況にある。しか
もこれら電子管は周知の如く高電圧を必要とし、また連
子管の本質的な欠点として寿命がかなり短く、しかも高
信頼性のものを得ることが困難でかつ大型、犬重拓にな
り易いというさまざまな問題をかかえている。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The iL Ii"M pulse is used in the composite quantity radar equipment fff, and during reception, the sharp received pulse is passed through a filter whose time-frequency characteristics are opposite to that of the LFM. However, it still generally requires a fairly high-power pulse transmitter.For this reason, the IG
Apart from the L-band frequency band around Hz, the C-band,
ViTWT (Travele
We are now forced to use high-quality electronic tubes such as the NG Wave Tube and the Kreis Drawer. Moreover, as is well known, these electron tubes require high voltage, and the essential disadvantage of interlocking tubes is that they have a fairly short lifespan, and it is difficult to obtain highly reliable ones. It is facing various problems.
このような問題は要するにLバンド帝付近は除き、それ
以上の高周波帯域でに固体素子の出力レベルは%求出力
に比してはるかに低い現状にるることに起因する。従っ
て、固体素子をCバンド。Such a problem is caused by the fact that the output level of solid-state devices is currently much lower than the % desired output power in high frequency bands higher than that, except for the vicinity of the L-band. Therefore, solid-state devices are classified as C-band.
Xバンド帯等を含む全周波数帯域にわたって利用しよう
とすれば必然的に多数の固体素子の並列利用が必要とな
る。たと六−げ、Lバンドの場合(14乃至8個程度で
済むものもXバンドでは約1000個程度必袈となりθ
めて非訳実的な家装代件吉なる。In order to utilize the entire frequency band including the X-band, it is inevitably necessary to use a large number of solid-state devices in parallel. In the case of the L band (about 14 to 8 pieces are enough, for the X band, about 1000 pieces are required, and θ
This is the most unrealistic home furnishing service.
本発明の目的は上述した欠点を除去し、アし・イアンテ
ナの各アンテナ素子もしくはこれらアンテナ素子の01
iIi、で構成する配列単位アンテナとそれぞれ接続す
る送信機モジュールとによって構成するアクチブアレイ
方式で所定の送信ビームを放射することによって、全運
用周波数帯穢における大出力合成量ロレーダ固体化送佃
磯に容易に実均できるとともに、個個の送信機モジュー
ルの故障j(よるシステム全体への影6を著しく低減し
て高信頼性を確保し冗長系に対する要求も著しく綴和し
うる合成量ロレーダ装at提供することにちる。The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide a
By radiating a predetermined transmission beam using an active array system consisting of an array unit antenna consisting of an array unit antenna and a transmitter module connected to each, it is possible to achieve a high output combined output low radar solid-state system in all operating frequency bands. A combined load radar system that can be easily calculated, significantly reduces the impact on the entire system due to failures of individual transmitter modules, ensures high reliability, and significantly satisfies the requirements for a redundant system. I am determined to provide it.
本発明の装置は、合成開口レーダ装置において、単一の
アンテナ素子もしくは複数のアンテナ素子からなる配列
単位アンテナを所定の配列形式で配列したアレイアンテ
ナ(array antenna)の各配列単位アンテ
ナと送信回路のうち少なくとも電力増幅段が単位構成体
としてモジュール化した送信機モジュールとをアクチブ
アレイとして結合して送信するアクチブアレイ送信手段
を備えて構成される。The device of the present invention is a synthetic aperture radar device in which each array unit antenna of an array antenna in which array unit antennas each consisting of a single antenna element or a plurality of antenna elements are arranged in a predetermined array format and a transmitting circuit. Among them, at least the power amplification stage is configured to include an active array transmitting means for combining and transmitting a transmitter module, which is modularized as a unit structure, as an active array.
次に図面を参照して本発明の詳細な説明する。 Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
第1図は本発明の一実施例を示すブロック図であり、8
TALO(8TAable LocalOscill
ator)1、パルス変調器2.同期信号発生器3.送
信励振器4.電力分配器5.送信機モジュール6−1〜
6−N、送信アンテナ索子7−1 (al/ 7−1
(bj 。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.
TALO(8TAable LocalOscill
ator) 1, pulse modulator 2. Synchronous signal generator 3. Transmission exciter4. Power divider5. Transmitter module 6-1~
6-N, transmitting antenna cable 7-1 (al/7-1
(bj.
7−2(at/7−2(b) 、−−−”’7−N(a
l/7−Ntb)。7-2(at/7-2(b),---”'7-N(a
l/7-Ntb).
受信アンテナ8.受信機9.同期検波器10.信号処理
装置11等全備えて構成される。Receiving antenna8. Receiver9. Synchronous detector 10. It is composed of all the signal processing devices 11 and the like.
5TALOIは合成開口レーダ装置に要求される高安定
度の高周波発生源であり、水晶発振器や周波数シンセサ
イザ等を内点し高安定度のCW。5TALOI is a highly stable high frequency generation source required for synthetic aperture radar equipment, and uses a crystal oscillator, frequency synthesizer, etc. as an internal point to provide high stability CW.
几F信号を発生しこれ乞パルス変調器2と同期検波器1
0に供給する。A pulse modulator 2 and a synchronous detector 1 generate an F signal.
Supply to 0.
同期信号発信器3はシステム動作に関するタイミング同
期信号を発生するものであり、その際に必要とするクロ
ック信号を5TALOIがら受けつつパルス変剪器2に
は送信のタイミングを決定する送信周期信号を、また受
信機9には受信のタイミングを決定する受信同期信号を
提供する。The synchronization signal generator 3 generates a timing synchronization signal related to system operation, and while receiving the necessary clock signal from the 5TALOI, the pulse transformer 2 transmits a transmission periodic signal that determines the timing of transmission. The receiver 9 is also provided with a reception synchronization signal that determines the timing of reception.
パルス変調器2は同期信号発信器3カ・ら供給される送
信同JCJiffi号のタイミングでL F M (チ
ャープ)変調によりCW−RF信号全変調し、このパル
ス変可RF信号を送信励振器4に供給する。The pulse modulator 2 fully modulates the CW-RF signal by LFM (chirp) modulation at the timing of the transmission JCJiffi signal supplied from the synchronization signal generator 3, and sends this pulse variable RF signal to the transmission exciter 4. supply to.
送信励振器4は入力したパルス変調几F信号のアップコ
ンバージョン(up converion) ならひ
に増幅等の処理を・行なってこれを′電力分配器5tこ
供給する。The transmission exciter 4 performs processing such as up-conversion and amplification of the input pulse modulated F signal and supplies it to the power divider 5t.
さて、本芙施例では送信アンテナ素子組のアンテナ素子
群、すなわちそγしそれ2個1つアンテナ素子を利用す
る2ノとりIノ単位アンテナ7−1 (a)/7−1(
b)、 7−2(a)/ 7−2(bl、 −7−Nf
a)/ 7−N (bl等が所定の縦横比で平面配列さ
れたプレーナアレイを形成している。このグレーナアレ
イハ単一のアンテナ妻子を配列要素として配列、形成し
ても一向に差支えなく、また2個1組の配列アンテナ単
位に代えて任意の複数としても勿論差支えない。どのよ
うな構成とするかは運用すべき合成開口レーダの規模、
運用目的、運用諸元等に対応して任意に設定しうる。周
知の如く合成開口レーダ装置のアンテナ系は基本的には
アンテナ素子を平面配列したプレーナアレイが利用され
ている。Now, in this embodiment, the antenna element group of the transmitting antenna element set, that is, the unit antenna 7-1 (a)/7-1(
b), 7-2(a)/7-2(bl, -7-Nf
a)/7-N (BL, etc. form a planar array arranged in a plane with a predetermined aspect ratio.There is no problem in this planar array even if a single antenna wife and child are arranged and formed as an array element. Of course, you can use any number of array antennas instead of one set of array antennas.The type of configuration will depend on the scale of the synthetic aperture radar to be operated,
It can be set arbitrarily depending on the operational purpose, operational specifications, etc. As is well known, the antenna system of a synthetic aperture radar device basically uses a planar array in which antenna elements are arranged in a plane.
このような配列単位アンテナにはそれぞれ送信機モジュ
ール6−1〜6−Nが接続される。たとえば、配列単位
アンテナ7−1 (al/7−1 (blU送信機モジ
ュール6−1と結合しアクチブアレイユニットを構成す
る。Transmitter modules 6-1 to 6-N are connected to each of such array unit antennas. For example, the array unit antenna 7-1 (al/7-1) is combined with the BLU transmitter module 6-1 to form an active array unit.
送信機モジュール6−1〜6−Nはそれぞれ少なくとも
送信電力段を含みIC構成としたモジュールで、対応す
る配列単位アンテナとともに一体化構造として利用され
る。送信機モジールの内容を送信回路のどの範囲までと
するかは寸法、重量等の物理的条件のほか運用目的等を
勘案し任意に設定できる。The transmitter modules 6-1 to 6-N each include at least a transmission power stage and have an IC configuration, and are used as an integrated structure together with a corresponding array unit antenna. The range of the transmitter circuit to which the contents of the transmitter module should be included can be arbitrarily set by taking into consideration physical conditions such as size and weight, as well as operational objectives.
電力分配器5(ま、送信励振器4の出力を受けてこれf
a:N等分して送信機モジュール6−1〜6−Nに供給
する。Power divider 5 (well, this receives the output of the transmitting exciter 4
a: Divide into N equal parts and supply to transmitter modules 6-1 to 6-N.
送信機モジール6−1〜6−Nはこれを所定のレベルま
で電力増幅したうえ対応する配列単位アンテナの送信ア
ンテナ素子に印加する。The transmitter modules 6-1 to 6-N amplify the power of this power to a predetermined level and apply it to the transmitting antenna elements of the corresponding array unit antennas.
配列単位アンテナによって構成されるプレーナアレイは
所定のビームバタンを形成し送信ビームを地上に放射す
る。A planar array composed of array unit antennas forms a predetermined beam batt and radiates a transmission beam to the ground.
地表から反射してくる反射信号は受信アンテナ8によっ
て捕捉される。The reflected signal reflected from the ground surface is captured by the receiving antenna 8.
受信アンテナ8は、送信アンテナ素子7−1 (at/
70 1 (b)〜7− N(a)/7− N(blに
よって構成されるプレーナアレイと同様なプレーナアレ
イでもよく、あるいはまた、はぼ同じ諸元の他の形式の
アンテナ、たとえはウェーブガイドアレイでもよい。ま
た運用目的によっては送信アンテナと異る諸元のアンテ
ナとしてもよい。なお周知の送受信切替技術?各送信モ
ジュールに適用することにより送信アンテナと共用して
もよい。The receiving antenna 8 includes a transmitting antenna element 7-1 (at/
It may be a planar array similar to the planar array constructed by 70 1 (b) to 7-N(a)/7-N(bl), or alternatively, other types of antennas with approximately the same dimensions, such as wave antennas. A guide array may be used. Also, depending on the purpose of operation, it may be an antenna with different specifications from the transmitting antenna.The well-known transmitting/receiving switching technique may also be applied to each transmitting module to be used in common with the transmitting antenna.
受信アンテナ8からの受信信号は受信機9で増幅され同
期検波器10でCW−RF倍信号の釉処理による同期検
波を受けその出力は信号処理装置11に供給される。A received signal from a receiving antenna 8 is amplified by a receiver 9 and synchronously detected by a synchronous detector 10 by glazing processing of the CW-RF multiplied signal, and its output is supplied to a signal processing device 11 .
信号処理装置11は、合成開口レーダ装置で取得したデ
ータに対する公知の画像処理を行なうものであり、2次
元に広った取得データに対しレンジ圧縮、コーナーター
ニング処理、アジムス圧縮、あるいはマルチルック処理
といった公知の画像処理技術を施して画像データを得る
。The signal processing device 11 performs known image processing on the data acquired by the synthetic aperture radar device, and performs range compression, corner turning processing, azimuth compression, or multi-look processing on the two-dimensional acquired data. Image data is obtained by applying known image processing techniques.
こうして大出力固体化送信機による合成開口レーダ装置
か容易に実現できる。In this way, a synthetic aperture radar system using a high-output solid-state transmitter can be easily realized.
以上説明した如く本発明によれば、合成開口レーダにお
いて、ブレーナアンテナとして構成する各アンテナ素子
もしくはこれらアンテナ素子の複数で構成する配列単位
アンテナとそlしそれ一体化構造として接続、した送信
機モジュールとによるアクチブアレイ方式で所定の送信
ビームを放射することによって全運用周波数帯域Vこお
ける大出力合成開口レーダ固定化送信機を容易に実現で
きるとともに、個個の送信機モジュールの故障によるシ
ステム全体への影響を著しく低減して高信頼性を確保し
たものとして冗長系の要求も著しく緩和しうる合成開口
レーダ装置が実現できるという効果がある。As explained above, according to the present invention, in a synthetic aperture radar, each antenna element constituted as a Brehner antenna or an array unit antenna constituted by a plurality of these antenna elements and a transmitter connected as an integrated structure. By radiating a predetermined transmission beam using an active array method using modules, it is possible to easily realize a high-power synthetic aperture radar fixed transmitter for the entire operating frequency band V. This has the effect that it is possible to realize a synthetic aperture radar device that can significantly reduce the influence on the system and ensure high reliability, and can also significantly alleviate the requirements for a redundant system.
第1図は本発明の一実施例を示すブロック図である。
1・・・・・・5TAL0.2・・・・・・パルス変調
器、3・・・同期信号発信器、4・・・・・・送信励振
器、5・・・・・・電力分配器、6−1〜6−N・・・
・・・送信機モジュール、7−1 (al/ 7−1
(b)〜7−N(al/ 7− N(bl・==・送信
アンテナ素子、8・・・・・・受信アンテナ、9・・・
・・・受信機、10・・・・・・同期検波器、11・・
・・・・信号処理装置。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention. 1...5TAL0.2...Pulse modulator, 3...Synchronization signal generator, 4...Transmission exciter, 5...Power divider , 6-1 to 6-N...
...Transmitter module, 7-1 (al/7-1
(b) ~7-N(al/7-N(bl・==・Transmitting antenna element, 8...Receiving antenna, 9...
... Receiver, 10... Synchronous detector, 11...
...Signal processing device.
Claims (1)
くは複数のアンテナ素子からなる配列単位アンテナを所
定の配列形式で配列したアレイアンテナ(array
antenna)の各配列単位アンテナと送信回路のう
ち少なくとも電力増幅段が単位構成体としてモジュール
化した送信機モジュールとをアクチブアレイとして結合
して送信するアクチブアレイ送信手段を備えて成ること
を特徴とする合成開口レーダ装置。In a synthetic aperture radar system, an array antenna (array antenna) is an array unit antenna consisting of a single antenna element or a plurality of antenna elements arranged in a predetermined array format.
The present invention is characterized by comprising an active array transmitter that combines each array unit antenna of the transmitter (antenna) and a transmitter module in which at least a power amplification stage of the transmitter circuit is modularized as a unit structure as an active array and transmits the result. Synthetic aperture radar equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP60218389A JPS6276476A (en) | 1985-09-30 | 1985-09-30 | Synthetic aperture radar equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP60218389A JPS6276476A (en) | 1985-09-30 | 1985-09-30 | Synthetic aperture radar equipment |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6276476A true JPS6276476A (en) | 1987-04-08 |
Family
ID=16719139
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP60218389A Pending JPS6276476A (en) | 1985-09-30 | 1985-09-30 | Synthetic aperture radar equipment |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6276476A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011526371A (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2011-10-06 | アーデーツエー・オートモテイブ・デイスタンス・コントロール・システムズ・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミツト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | Radar system with improved angle shaping |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5791464A (en) * | 1980-11-27 | 1982-06-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Measuring circuit for phase quantity of reception system of active phased array radar |
JPS57108722A (en) * | 1980-12-26 | 1982-07-06 | Yokogawa Hokushin Electric Corp | Force detector |
JPS58118974A (en) * | 1982-01-08 | 1983-07-15 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Radar device |
JPS58223770A (en) * | 1982-06-22 | 1983-12-26 | Nec Corp | Synthetic aperture radar device |
-
1985
- 1985-09-30 JP JP60218389A patent/JPS6276476A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5791464A (en) * | 1980-11-27 | 1982-06-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Measuring circuit for phase quantity of reception system of active phased array radar |
JPS57108722A (en) * | 1980-12-26 | 1982-07-06 | Yokogawa Hokushin Electric Corp | Force detector |
JPS58118974A (en) * | 1982-01-08 | 1983-07-15 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Radar device |
JPS58223770A (en) * | 1982-06-22 | 1983-12-26 | Nec Corp | Synthetic aperture radar device |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011526371A (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2011-10-06 | アーデーツエー・オートモテイブ・デイスタンス・コントロール・システムズ・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミツト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | Radar system with improved angle shaping |
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