JPS6257138B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6257138B2 JPS6257138B2 JP55014705A JP1470580A JPS6257138B2 JP S6257138 B2 JPS6257138 B2 JP S6257138B2 JP 55014705 A JP55014705 A JP 55014705A JP 1470580 A JP1470580 A JP 1470580A JP S6257138 B2 JPS6257138 B2 JP S6257138B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- light
- read
- recording
- receiving element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/40—Picture signal circuits
- H04N1/40056—Circuits for driving or energising particular reading heads or original illumination means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Facsimile Image Signal Circuits (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は画像の階調読取方式に関し、特にフア
クシミリ等に適する階調読取方式に関するもので
ある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an image gradation reading method, and more particularly to a gradation reading method suitable for facsimiles and the like.
一般に、固体走査受光素子を用いたフアクシミ
リ送信機等において、画像を電気信号に変換する
場合には、デジタル集積回路などの論理回路を用
いることが多い。このような場合、伝送回路では
情報のありなしに対応した０、１の２値情報しか
与えられないことから、従来の装置では白黒の画
素しか表現できなかつた。 Generally, in a facsimile transmitter or the like using a solid-state scanning light-receiving element, a logic circuit such as a digital integrated circuit is often used to convert an image into an electrical signal. In such a case, since the transmission circuit can only provide binary information of 0 and 1, which correspond to the presence or absence of information, conventional devices could only express black and white pixels.
多階調伝送を行なう方式としては、画像信号の
スライスレベル（閾値）を数段階設けておき、そ
のレベルに従つて、読取られた画素信号をデジタ
ル符号に変換するようにしたものが多く、このよ
うな方式では、ハードウエアが複雑化する欠点が
あつた。 Many of the methods for multi-gradation transmission are to set several slice levels (threshold values) of the image signal and convert the read pixel signals into digital codes according to the levels. This method has the disadvantage of complicating the hardware.
本発明は上記の様な欠点を改善するもので、そ
の目的は０、１の２値情報をｎ回読取ることによ
り、（ｎ＋１）階調の画像情報を伝送することに
ある。 The present invention aims to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and its purpose is to transmit image information of (n+1) gradations by reading binary information of 0 and 1 n times.
本発明の１実施例のブロツク図を第１図に示
す。 A block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
原稿１の画像は、可変光度の光源−例えば螢光
灯２によつて照明される。そして、１ライン分の
画像Ｌがレンズ６によつて固体走査受光素子７上
に予め定められた縮少率で結像される。螢光灯２
は螢光灯用電源３により発光し、その発光周波数
は固体走査受光素子７のスキヤンレート（数
MHz）に比べ充分低い周波数（数100Hz）とする
ことが望ましい。 The image of the document 1 is illuminated by a light source of variable intensity, for example a fluorescent lamp 2 . Then, the image L for one line is formed by the lens 6 onto the solid-state scanning light-receiving element 7 at a predetermined reduction ratio. Fluorescent light 2
is emitted by the fluorescent lamp power source 3, and its emission frequency is determined by the scan rate (number of
It is desirable to use a sufficiently lower frequency (several 100 Hz) compared to MHz).
光量センサ４は螢光灯２の光量を感知し、その
光量に従つた電気信号を光量検知回路５に入力す
る。光量検知回路５は、螢光灯２の光量が予め定
められた値になつたときに電気信号を発生し、固
体走査受光素子７を励起して画像信号を発生させ
る。光量検知回路５は、螢光灯２の光量に対して
複数の閾値をもち、その閾値は固体走査受光素子
７の感度に対応して決定される。 The light amount sensor 4 senses the amount of light from the fluorescent lamp 2, and inputs an electrical signal according to the amount of light to the light amount detection circuit 5. The light amount detection circuit 5 generates an electric signal when the amount of light from the fluorescent lamp 2 reaches a predetermined value, and excites the solid state scanning light receiving element 7 to generate an image signal. The light amount detection circuit 5 has a plurality of threshold values for the light amount of the fluorescent lamp 2, and the threshold values are determined in accordance with the sensitivity of the solid-state scanning light receiving element 7.
ビデオアンプ・弁別回路８は、固定走査受光素
子７で読取つたアナログ画像信号を増巾し、一定
の閾値Ｄをもつて弁別し、２値化信号を出力す
る。スイツチＳの切換により、ビデオメモリ９，
９Ａは１ライン分ずつの画像信号を交互に記憶さ
せられる。一致回路１０は、ビデオメモリ９と９
Ａの内容が一致した場合、画像信号の伝送の代り
に一致信号のみを伝送することにより、伝送時間
の短縮を行なうものである。 The video amplifier/discriminator circuit 8 amplifies the analog image signal read by the fixed scanning light receiving element 7, discriminates it using a certain threshold value D, and outputs a binary signal. By switching switch S, video memory 9,
9A can alternately store image signals for each line. The matching circuit 10 connects the video memories 9 and 9
When the contents of A match, only the matching signal is transmitted instead of transmitting the image signal, thereby shortening the transmission time.
第２図に、螢光灯２の発光光度の時間的変化特
性の１例を示す。いま螢光灯２の発光強度がａ
（第２図）の時に、光量検知回路５がスキヤンス
タートパルスを固定走査受光素子７に入力してト
リガしたとすると、第３図に曲線Ａで示す様なア
ナログ画像信号が得られる。このアナログ画像信
号Ａを弁別閾値Ｄをもつビデオアンプ・弁別回路
８に入力すると、第４図１に示す様な波形の２値
信号となる。このときスイツチＳが、図示のよう
に上例へ切換えられているとすると、前記２値信
号はビデオメモリ９に一旦記憶され、端子T1か
ら画信号として送出される。 FIG. 2 shows an example of the temporal change characteristics of the luminous intensity of the fluorescent lamp 2. The emission intensity of fluorescent lamp 2 is now a
At the time shown in FIG. 2, if the light amount detection circuit 5 inputs a scan start pulse to the fixed scanning light receiving element 7 to trigger it, an analog image signal as shown by curve A in FIG. 3 is obtained. When this analog image signal A is input to a video amplifier/discrimination circuit 8 having a discrimination threshold D, a binary signal having a waveform as shown in FIG. 4 is obtained. At this time, assuming that the switch S is switched to the above example as shown, the binary signal is temporarily stored in the video memory 9 and sent out as an image signal from the terminal T1 .
こゝで受信機側では一例として感熱記録方式が
採用されており、その記録紙が第５図に示す様な
発色特性を有していたと仮定する。すなわち、感
熱記録ヘツドの加熱温度がt1のときは濃度d1の灰
色（中間色）に発色し、また加熱温度がt2のとき
は濃度d2の黒色に発色するものとする。 As an example, it is assumed that the receiver uses a thermal recording method, and that the recording paper has coloring characteristics as shown in FIG. That is, when the heating temperature of the thermal recording head is t 1 , a gray color (intermediate color) with a density of d 1 is produced, and when the heating temperature is t 2 , a black color with a density of d 2 is produced.
第４図１の２値信号が出力端子T1から送出さ
れると、受信機側ではt1なる記録ヘツド加熱温度
で、d1なる濃度の一次記録が行なわれ、第６図１
に示す様な中間調の発色が得られる。 When the binary signal shown in FIG . 41 is sent from the output terminal T1 , primary recording of the density d1 is performed at the recording head heating temperature t1 on the receiver side, as shown in FIG.
A mid-tone color development as shown in is obtained.
次いで、送信機側では、螢光灯２の光度がｂ点
に達した時に光量検知回路５がスキヤンスタート
パルスを発生するので、固定走査受光素子５は第
３図Ｂの様なアナログ画像信号を出力する。この
アナログ画像信号をビデオアンプ・弁別回路８に
入力すると、第３図の閾値Ｄで弁別され、第４図
２の様な２値化信号が得られる。 Next, on the transmitter side, when the luminous intensity of the fluorescent lamp 2 reaches point b, the light amount detection circuit 5 generates a scan start pulse, so the fixed scanning light receiving element 5 receives an analog image signal as shown in FIG. 3B. Output. When this analog image signal is input to the video amplifier/discriminator circuit 8, it is discriminated using the threshold value D shown in FIG. 3, and a binarized signal as shown in FIG. 42 is obtained.
スイツチＳを下側へ切換えて、前記２値信号を
ビデオメモリ９Ａに記憶すると共に、１回目のス
キヤンで得られた第４図１の信号（ビデオメモリ
９に記憶されている）と、一致回路１０において
対比する。両信号が一致しているときは、端子
T3から一致信号を出力し、受信機側へ伝送す
る。 By switching the switch S to the lower side, the binary signal is stored in the video memory 9A, and the signal shown in FIG. Contrast in 10. When both signals match, the terminal
A match signal is output from T3 and transmitted to the receiver side.
図示の例では、両信号は一致しないので、第４
図２の信号をそのまま端子T2から受信機側へ伝
送する。受信機側では、第１スキヤン目と同様
に、加熱温度t1による灰色発色記録を行なう。し
かしながら、この場合、１スキヤン目にジユール
熱を与えられた記録ヘツドの発熱素子に対応する
部分−すなわち、第６図１のように中間調発色し
た部分は、第２スキヤン目でも重ねてジユール熱
を与えられるので、より高濃度d2（ほゞ黒）に対
応する温度t2に加熱される。したがつてこの部分
は、第６図２に示すように黒色に発色する。そし
て、第２スキヤン目だけに得られた信号の部分は
灰色に発色する。 In the illustrated example, both signals do not match, so the fourth
The signal in Figure 2 is transmitted as is from terminal T2 to the receiver side. On the receiver side, similarly to the first scan, gray color recording is performed at the heating temperature t1 . However, in this case, the portion corresponding to the heating element of the recording head to which Joule heat was applied in the first scan, that is, the portion that developed a halftone color as shown in FIG. Therefore, it is heated to a temperature t 2 corresponding to a higher concentration d 2 (almost black). Therefore, this portion develops a black color as shown in FIG. 62. The signal portion obtained only in the second scan appears gray.
以上のように、本発明によれば、同一の走査線
上を２回スキヤンして振幅を異にする２種のアナ
ログ信号を得、これをそれぞれ相等しい閾値で２
値信号化することにより中間調発色を得て、３階
調の出力画像を得ることができる。なお、２回の
スキヤンが行なわれている間は送信機側の原稿と
受信機側の記録紙は移動しないことが望ましい
が、記録紙の移動速度に比べてスキヤン速度を十
分に速くすれば、実用上支障のない読取、記録が
できる。 As described above, according to the present invention, the same scanning line is scanned twice to obtain two types of analog signals with different amplitudes, and these are scanned twice with the same threshold value.
By converting it into a value signal, it is possible to obtain halftone coloring and obtain a three-tone output image. Although it is desirable that the original on the transmitter side and the recording paper on the receiver side do not move while the two scans are being performed, if the scanning speed is made sufficiently faster than the moving speed of the recording paper, Can be read and recorded without any practical problems.
また一致回路１０では、第１スキヤン目の２値
信号（メモリ９の内容）と第２スキヤン目の２値
信号（メモリ９Ａの内容）との比較を行ない、両
者が一致した場合は、画像データの伝送は行なわ
ず、一致信号のみを伝送し、受信機側では１回目
の記録と同じ記録を行なえばよいので伝送時間の
短縮を計ることが可能である。 In addition, the matching circuit 10 compares the binary signal of the first scan (contents of the memory 9) with the binary signal of the second scan (contents of the memory 9A), and if they match, the image data is It is possible to reduce the transmission time because only the matching signal is transmitted, and the receiver side only needs to perform the same recording as the first recording.
以上では、同一走査線上の画像を２回読取つて
３階調の画像を得る場合について説明を行なつた
が、本発明は２回に限定されるものではなく、受
信機記録部の階調再現性能に応じて適当と考えら
れるｎ階調数まで適応可能であることはいうまで
もない。なお、このようにｎ階調で読取るために
は同一走査線を（ｎ−１）回スキヤンする必要が
ある。その場合でも、第１図の装置がそのまま利
用できることは明らかであろう。 In the above, a case has been described in which an image on the same scanning line is read twice to obtain an image with three gradations, but the present invention is not limited to two times, and the gradation reproduction of the receiver recording section Needless to say, it is possible to apply up to n gradation levels as deemed appropriate depending on the performance. Note that in order to read with n gradations in this way, it is necessary to scan the same scanning line (n-1) times. Even in that case, it will be clear that the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 can be used as is.
また、受信機側でｎ階調の記録をするために
は、さきに述べた実施例と同様に感熱記録ヘツド
を用いるとしても１スキヤンに応じて行なわれる
記録の際の加熱温度はt1以下に選定しなければな
らない。すなわち、ｎ回の重ね記録をされた部分
が黒レベルになるように、１回の記録による発色
濃度を低く選んでおかなければならない。 Furthermore, in order to record n gradations on the receiver side, even if a thermal recording head is used as in the embodiment described above, the heating temperature during recording performed in response to one scan is t1 or less. must be selected. That is, the color density produced by one recording must be selected to be low so that the portion recorded n times has a black level.
なお、本発明に適した記録手段としては、感熱
記録の外に、銀塩写真記録、ゼログラフイ記録等
がある。また、原稿の読取りをｎ回行なう代り
に、１回目のスキヤンで得られたアナログ信号を
記憶しておき、必要回数だけ読出し、相異なる割
合で増幅または減衰した後に２値化するようにし
てもよい。さらに、受信機側でｎ種の２値信号
を、例えば加算して第４図３に示すような多値信
号を作り出し、これに基づいて記録するようにし
てもよい。本発明に使用できる可変光度光源とし
ては螢光灯のほかに、印加電圧または周波数をス
イープして可変光としたレーザ光源などがある。 In addition to thermal recording, recording means suitable for the present invention include silver salt photographic recording, xerographic recording, and the like. Alternatively, instead of reading the document n times, the analog signal obtained from the first scan may be stored, read out as many times as necessary, and binarized after being amplified or attenuated at different rates. good. Furthermore, n types of binary signals may be added on the receiver side to create a multi-value signal as shown in FIG. 4, and recording may be performed based on this multi-value signal. Variable intensity light sources that can be used in the present invention include, in addition to fluorescent lamps, laser light sources that produce variable light by sweeping the applied voltage or frequency.
第１図は本発明の一実施例のブロツク図、第２
図は可変光度光源の発光光度特性を示す図、第３
図はアナログ画像信号と閾値との関係を示す図、
第４図は本発明の動作説明のためのタイムチヤー
ト、第５図は感熱記録ヘツドの加熱温度と記録濃
度との関係を示す図、第６図は本発明における記
録方式の一例を示す図である。
１…原稿、２…可変光度光源（螢光灯）、４…
光量センサ、５…光量検知回路、７…固体走査受
光素子、８…ビデオアンプ・弁別回路、９，９Ａ
…ビデオメモリ、１０…一致回路。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
Figure 3 shows the luminous intensity characteristics of a variable luminous intensity light source.
The figure shows the relationship between analog image signals and threshold values.
FIG. 4 is a time chart for explaining the operation of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the heating temperature of the thermal recording head and recording density, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the recording method according to the present invention. be. 1... Original, 2... Variable intensity light source (fluorescent lamp), 4...
Light amount sensor, 5... Light amount detection circuit, 7... Solid state scanning light receiving element, 8... Video amplifier/discrimination circuit, 9,9A
...video memory, 10...matching circuit.
Claims (1)
光源の光度を検知する光量検知装置と、読取原稿
を一走査線毎に読取つてアナログ信号を出力する
受光素子と、光源の光度が相異なるｎ個（ｎ＞
１）の予定値になつたときに、その都度受光素子
を励起して原稿の読取りを行なわせる手段と、前
記アナログ信号を一定の閾値で２値化する弁別回
路と、前記光源光度のｎ個の予定値に対応して、
読取原稿上の一つの走査線をｎ回走査して得られ
たｎ種の２値信号から（ｎ＋１）階調の画像信号
を得る装置とを有することを特徴とする多階調読
取装置。1. A variable luminous intensity light source for illuminating the original to be read;
A light intensity detection device that detects the luminous intensity of a light source, a light receiving element that reads an original for each scanning line and outputs an analog signal, and
1) means for exciting a light receiving element to read a document each time the predetermined value is reached; a discriminator circuit for binarizing the analog signal using a certain threshold; Corresponding to the planned value of
1. A multi-gradation reading device comprising: a device for obtaining an image signal of (n+1) gradations from n types of binary signals obtained by scanning one scanning line on a read document n times.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1470580A JPS56112180A (en) | 1980-02-12 | 1980-02-12 | Multitone wedge reading out device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1470580A JPS56112180A (en) | 1980-02-12 | 1980-02-12 | Multitone wedge reading out device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS56112180A JPS56112180A (en) | 1981-09-04 |
| JPS6257138B2 true JPS6257138B2 (en) | 1987-11-30 |
Family
ID=11868583
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1470580A Granted JPS56112180A (en) | 1980-02-12 | 1980-02-12 | Multitone wedge reading out device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS56112180A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0233003U (en) * | 1988-08-25 | 1990-03-01 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4965723A (en) * | 1972-10-25 | 1974-06-26 | ||
| JPS54107210A (en) * | 1978-02-10 | 1979-08-22 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Abnormity detection system for reading light source |
-
1980
- 1980-02-12 JP JP1470580A patent/JPS56112180A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4965723A (en) * | 1972-10-25 | 1974-06-26 | ||
| JPS54107210A (en) * | 1978-02-10 | 1979-08-22 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Abnormity detection system for reading light source |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0233003U (en) * | 1988-08-25 | 1990-03-01 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS56112180A (en) | 1981-09-04 |
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