JPS6239620B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6239620B2 JPS6239620B2 JP57021574A JP2157482A JPS6239620B2 JP S6239620 B2 JPS6239620 B2 JP S6239620B2 JP 57021574 A JP57021574 A JP 57021574A JP 2157482 A JP2157482 A JP 2157482A JP S6239620 B2 JPS6239620 B2 JP S6239620B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- vinyl chloride
- chloride resin
- component
- microns
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001463 metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N Sorbitan monopalmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- AGXUVMPSUKZYDT-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);octadecanoate Chemical compound [Ba+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O AGXUVMPSUKZYDT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000011071 sorbitan monopalmitate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001570 sorbitan monopalmitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940031953 sorbitan monopalmitate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CJJXHKDWGQADHB-DPMBMXLASA-N (z,12r)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O CJJXHKDWGQADHB-DPMBMXLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GGSRTHRSSCWGGK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2,2-dibutyl-5-hydroxy-1,3,2-dioxastannepane-4,7-dione Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]1(CCCC)OC(=O)CC(O)C(=O)O1 GGSRTHRSSCWGGK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BXCRLBBIZJSWNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO BXCRLBBIZJSWNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIXWIUJQBBANGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1h-pyrazol-5-amine Chemical compound N1N=CC(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=C1N SIXWIUJQBBANGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVAAYFMMXYRORI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-butoxy-2-methylidene-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O VVAAYFMMXYRORI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBTROEJRPBUBAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-butyl-6-hydroxyundecane-4,5,6-tricarboxylic acid Chemical class CCCCC(C(O)=O)C(O)(C(O)=O)C(CCCC)(CCCC)C(O)=O ZBTROEJRPBUBAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004803 Di-2ethylhexylphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTJFFFGAUHQWII-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl adipate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCCC XTJFFFGAUHQWII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVFDTKUVRCTHQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisodecyl phthalate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC(C)C ZVFDTKUVRCTHQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000147568 Laurus nobilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017858 Laurus nobilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl cyanoacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(=C)C#N MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005212 Terminalia tomentosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOGWRXSITPCETK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl] hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)COCC(O)CO WOGWRXSITPCETK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001278 adipic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SHLNMHIRQGRGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Ba] SHLNMHIRQGRGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAKMKCZMVZBODU-PIQLPZBWSA-L barium(2+);(z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [Ba+2].CCCCCCC(O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCC(O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O RAKMKCZMVZBODU-PIQLPZBWSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3,5-difluorophenyl)phosphane Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=CC(PC=2C=C(F)C=C(F)C=2)=C1 ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- UCVPKAZCQPRWAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(=O)OCC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 UCVPKAZCQPRWAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N dibutyl (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCCCC JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]CCCC AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PUFGCEQWYLJYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N didodecyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC PUFGCEQWYLJYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- QQVHEQUEHCEAKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diundecyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCC QQVHEQUEHCEAKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002531 isophthalic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N itaconic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002688 maleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NJTGANWAUPEOAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N molport-023-220-454 Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO NJTGANWAUPEOAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WIBFFTLQMKKBLZ-SEYXRHQNSA-N n-butyl oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC WIBFFTLQMKKBLZ-SEYXRHQNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002888 oleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000969 phenyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003021 phthalic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JQCXWCOOWVGKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid diheptyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCC JQCXWCOOWVGKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006289 polycarbonate film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical class CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100515 sorbitan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011076 sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001587 sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035048 sorbitan monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008674 spewing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000045561 useful plants Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Greenhouses (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
本発明は、農業用塩化ビニル系樹脂フイルムに
関するものであり、更に詳しくは、保温性が高く
かつ耐候性にも優れた農業用塩化ビニル系樹脂フ
イルムに関するものである。
近年、有用植物を栽培している農家は、収益性
向上を目的として、ハウス（温室）又はトンネル
によつて促進栽培、抑制栽培する方法を、広く採
用するようになつた。
このようなハウス又はトンネルの被覆用資材と
しては、ポリエチレンフイルム、エチレン−酢酸
ビニル共重合体フイルム、塩化ビニル系樹脂フイ
ルム、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフイルム、ポ
リカーボネートフイルム等が使用されている。中
でも、塩化ビニル系樹脂フイルムは、他の合成樹
脂フイルムに比較して、耐候性、透明性、保温
性、強度およびコスト等の面で優れているので、
使用量は最も多い。
農業用合成樹脂フイルムに優れた保温性を発揮
させるには、(a)日中太陽光線が照射している間
に、太陽光線をできるだけハウス又はトンネルに
透過できること。(b)太陽光線によつて温められ、
土壤に蓄積された熱を、できるだけ放出させない
こと。の二つの性質を具備させる必要がある。
塩化ビニル系樹脂製のフイルムは、ポリエチレ
ンフイルムやエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体フイ
ルムよりも保温性に優れている。これは、塩化ビ
ニル系樹脂製フイルムは透明性が高いので、光陽
光線がハウス又はトンネル内に到達し、土壤が温
められること、この温められた土壤が空気を温
め、空気はハウス又はトンネル内で自然対流をお
こし、ハウス又はトンネル内の空気全体が温めら
れること、更に、塩化ビニル系樹脂は３〜40ミク
ロンの赤外線領域の波長の光線の吸収率が高いた
めと考えられる。
第１図に、現在市販されている農業用合成樹脂
フイルムの赤外分光スペクトルと、15℃黒体の輻
射エネルギー分布を示した。第１図において、曲
線１は農業用ポリ塩化ビニルフイルム、曲線２は
農業用ポリエチレンフイルム、曲線３は農業用エ
チレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体フイルムの赤外分光
スペクトル線であり、曲線４は15℃黒体の輻射エ
ネルギー分布（ハウス又はトンネル内地面からの
輻射エネルギー分布に相当する。）を示す。
第１図から、農業用ポリ塩化ビニルフイルム
は、他の二種類のフイルムに較べて、赤外線領域
の波長の光線の吸収が深く、特に、地面からの輻
射エネルギーが最大値を示す波長10ミクロン前後
の波長領域で、特に深い吸収を示すことが判る。
この波長領域での吸収が、フイルムの保温性と関
係があるものと考えられる。
ところで、ハウス又はトンネル等の被覆資材
が、地面からの輻射エネルギーをどの程度透過し
ているかを知るには、赤外線領域における波長毎
に、フイルム自身の透過率と地面からの輻射エネ
ルギーとの積を、目的の波長域にわたつて積分す
ればよい。上記市販の三種の農業用フイルム（い
ずれも0.05mmの厚みのもの）について透過エネル
ギーを算出すると第１表に示したような値とな
る。
The present invention relates to an agricultural vinyl chloride resin film, and more particularly to an agricultural vinyl chloride resin film that has high heat retention and excellent weather resistance. In recent years, farmers cultivating useful plants have widely adopted methods of promoting or suppressing cultivation using greenhouses or tunnels for the purpose of improving profitability. As materials for covering such houses or tunnels, polyethylene films, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer films, vinyl chloride resin films, polyethylene terephthalate films, polycarbonate films, etc. are used. Among them, vinyl chloride resin film is superior to other synthetic resin films in terms of weather resistance, transparency, heat retention, strength, and cost.
It is used the most. In order for agricultural synthetic resin films to exhibit excellent heat retention properties, (a) sunlight must be able to pass through the greenhouse or tunnel as much as possible during the day when sunlight is irradiating the film. (b) warmed by the sun's rays;
Avoid releasing the heat accumulated in the clay pot as much as possible. It is necessary to have two properties: A film made of vinyl chloride resin has better heat retention than a polyethylene film or an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film. This is because the vinyl chloride resin film is highly transparent, so the sunlight reaches the inside of the house or tunnel and warms the clay.The heated clay warms the air, and the air flows inside the house or tunnel. This is thought to be due to natural convection, which warms the entire air inside the house or tunnel, and also because vinyl chloride resin has a high absorption rate for light rays with wavelengths in the infrared region of 3 to 40 microns. Figure 1 shows the infrared spectra of currently commercially available agricultural synthetic resin films and the radiant energy distribution of a 15°C black body. In Figure 1, curve 1 is an infrared spectrum line of agricultural polyvinyl chloride film, curve 2 is an agricultural polyethylene film, curve 3 is an infrared spectrum line of agricultural ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film, and curve 4 is an infrared spectrum line at 15°C. Shows the radiant energy distribution of a black body (corresponding to the radiant energy distribution from the ground inside a house or tunnel). From Figure 1, agricultural polyvinyl chloride film has a deeper absorption of light in the infrared wavelength range than the other two types of film, and in particular, the wavelength of radiation energy from the ground reaches its maximum at around 10 microns. It can be seen that it exhibits particularly deep absorption in the wavelength range of .
It is thought that absorption in this wavelength region is related to the heat retention properties of the film. By the way, in order to find out how much radiant energy from the ground is transmitted through a covering material such as a house or tunnel, the product of the transmittance of the film itself and the radiant energy from the ground is calculated for each wavelength in the infrared region. , it is sufficient to integrate over the target wavelength range. When the transmitted energy is calculated for the above three types of commercially available agricultural films (all with a thickness of 0.05 mm), the values shown in Table 1 are obtained.
【表】
第１表は、ポリ塩化ビニルフイルムは、ポリエ
チレンフイルム、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体
フイルムに較べて、透過エネルギーがかなり少な
いことを示している。さらに、ポリ塩化ビニルフ
イルムの場合は、波長領域３〜16ミクロンの範囲
の透過エネルギーと、波長領域16〜40ミクロンの
範囲のそれとは、ほぼ同等の値を示しているか
ら、このフイルムの保温性を更に向上させるに
は、両波長領域における透過エネルギーを、同時
に減少させることがよいことが判る。
このように、特定波長領域範囲における透過エ
ネルギーを減少させる手法としては、特公昭47−
9260号公報、特公昭47−13863号公報、特開昭55
−43115号公報等に記載の技術が提案されてい
る。これらはいずれも、基体の合成樹脂に赤外線
領域に吸収能力を有する不活性固体微粒子を添加
し、フイルム化するものである。しかしながら、
これら従来技術には、次のような問題があること
が判つた。
(1) 合成樹脂原料に前記赤外線領域に吸収をもつ
酸化珪素、マグネシウム珪酸塩等を配合してフ
イルム化し、このフイルムを被覆資材として使
用すると、被覆を開始してから２〜３カ月経過
した頃から変色がおこり、やがて破れてしま
い、長期間の使用には耐えられない。
(2) この耐候性を改善する目的で、通常使用され
ている紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤等を添加して
も、不活性固体微粒子を添加したことに伴うフ
イルムの耐候性の低下を抑制し、長期間にわた
り耐候性を特定の水準に維持することは困難で
ある。
(3) フイルムの耐候性の低下は、不活性固体微粒
子の添加量に比例することになり、フイルムの
保温性向上をはかるほど耐候性は低下するとい
う関係になる。
本発明者らは、かかる状況にあつて、保温性が
高く、かつ、耐候性にも優れた農業用塩化ビニル
系樹脂フイルムを提供すべく、鋭意検討した結
果、本発明を完成するに至つたものである。
しかして本発明の要旨とするところは、可塑剤
が配合されてなる塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物に、(A)
波長３〜16ミクロンの赤外線領域に吸収をもつ不
活性固体微粒子を一種又は二種以上と、(B)波長16
〜40ミクロンの赤外線領域に吸収をもつ不活性固
体微粒子を一種又は二種以上と、(C)波長３〜40ミ
クロンの赤外線領域に吸収をもつリン酸金属塩、
亜リン酸金属塩のうち少なくとも一種をそれぞれ
配合しフイルム化してなることを特徴とする、保
温性の優れた農業用塩化ビニル系樹脂フイルムに
存する。
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明において塩化ビニル系樹脂とは、ポリ塩
化ビニルのほか、塩化ビニルを主成分とし、これ
と共重合可能な単量体との共重合体、及びポリ塩
化ビニルを主体とし、これと他の重合体、共重合
体とのブレンド物を含む意味である。
本発明に係るフイルムは、軟質配合塩化ビニル
系樹脂組成物からフイルム化されたものである。
軟質配合とするには、上記塩化ビニル系樹脂100
重量部に対し、可塑剤30〜60重量部配合される。
本発明において好ましい可塑剤としては、例え
ばジ−ｎ−オクチルフタレート、ジ−２−エチル
ヘキシルフタレート、ジベンジルフタレート、ジ
イソデシルフタレート、ジドデシルフタレート、
ジウンデシルフタレート等のフタル酸誘導体；ジ
イソオクチルフタレート等のイソフタル酸誘導
体；ジ−ｎ−ブチルアジペート、ジオクチルアジ
ペート等のアジピン酸誘導体；ジ−ｎ−ブチルマ
レート等のマレイン酸誘導体；トリ−ｎ−ブチル
シトレート等のクエン酸誘導体；モノブチルイタ
コネート等のイタコン酸誘導体；ブチルオレート
等のオレイン酸誘導体；グリセリンモノリシノレ
ート等のリシノール酸誘導体；その他トリクレジ
ルホスフエート、エポキシ化大豆油、エポキシ樹
脂系可塑剤等があげられる。
本発明に係るフイルムには、(A)波長３〜16ミク
ロンの赤外線領域に吸収をもつ不活性固体微粒子
を一種又は二種以上と、(B)波長16〜40ミクロンの
赤外線領域に吸収をもつ不活性固体微粒子を一種
又は二種以上と、(C)波長３〜40ミクロンの赤外線
領域に吸収をもつリン酸金属塩、亜リン酸金属塩
のうちの少なくとも一種が、それぞれ配合、混合
されている。
(A)成分の波長３〜16ミクロンの赤外線領域に吸
収をもつ不活性固体微粒子は、本発明に係るフイ
ルムの波長３〜16ミクロンの赤外線領域の光線の
透過エネルギーを減少させる機能を果すものであ
る。
(A)成分として好適に用いられるものは、炭酸マ
グネシウム、マグネシウム珪酸塩、酸化珪素、酸
化アルミニウム、硫酸バリウム、硫酸カルシウム
等である。これらは一種用いてもよく、二種以上
を組み合せて用いてもよい。例示した中では、炭
酸マグネシウム、マグネシウム珪酸塩及び酸化珪
素が特に好ましい。
上記(A)成分の配合量は、余り少ないときは保温
性向上効果が期待できず、他方余り多すぎるとき
は、フイルムの耐候性を好ましい水準に維持でき
ないばかりでなく、フイルムの機械的性質、フイ
ルムの透明性等をも低下させるので好ましくな
い。配合するのに好適な範囲は、塩化ビニル系樹
脂100重量部に対して、(A)成分と後記(B)成分とを
合計して１〜15重量部の範囲である。
(B)成分の波長16〜40ミクロンの赤外線領域に吸
収をもつ不活性固体微粒子は、本発明に係るフイ
ルムの波長16〜40ミクロンの赤外線領域の光線の
透過エネルギーを減少させる機能を果すものであ
る。
(B)成分として使用可能なものは、水酸化マグネ
シウム、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化カルシウム
等であり、これらは一種用いてもよく、二種以上
を組み合せて用いてもよい。
上記(B)成分の配合量は、余り少ないときは保温
性向上効果が期待できず、他方余り多すぎると、
フイルムの耐候性を好ましい水準に維持できない
ばかりでなく、フイルムの機械的性質、フイルム
の透明性等をも低下させるので好ましくない。好
適な配合量の範囲は、塩化ビニル系樹脂100重量
部に対して、(B)成分と前記(A)成分とを合計して１
〜15重量部の範囲である。
(C)成分の波長３〜40ミクロンの赤外線領域に吸
収をもつリン酸金属塩、亜リン酸金属塩は、上記
(A)成分及び(B)成分の配合されたフイルムの耐候性
を向上させ、かつ、３〜40ミクロンの波長領域に
おける光線の透過エネルギーを減少させる機能を
果すものである。
(C)成分としては、一般式Ｍ〓H2PO3、
M2〓HPO3、Ｍ〓H2PO4、M2〓HPO4、Ｍ〓
HPO4、Ｍ〓（H2PO4）2（式中Ｍは金属成分を意
味し、は一価、は二価を意味する。）等で表
わされる化合物であり、Ｍは成分としてはバリウ
ム、カルシウム、亜鉛、鉛、アルミニウム、ニツ
ケル等が好適である。これら(C)成分は、一種でも
よく、二種以上を組み合わせてもよい。
上記(C)成分の配合量は、余り少ないとフイルム
の耐候性を好ましい水準に向上させることができ
ないので好ましくなく、他方余り多すぎると、フ
イルムからの噴き出しが多くなり、透明性が低下
するほか、塵埃の付着も多くなり好ましくない。
好適な配合量の範囲は、(A)成分と(B)成分の合計重
量に対して0.01〜１の範囲とするのがよい
〔(C)／(A)＋(B)＝0.01〜１の範囲とすること。〕。
本発明に係るフイルムには、上記(A)成分〜(C)成
分を配合するが、このほか必要に応じ、滑剤、熱
安定剤、帯電防止剤、防曇剤、紫外線吸収剤、顔
料、染料等の各種樹脂添加物を配合することがで
きる。
本発明に係るフイルムに配合することができる
滑剤ないし熱安定剤としては、例えばポリエチレ
ンワツクス、流動パラフイン、ステアリン酸、ス
テアリン酸亜鉛、脂肪アルコール、ステアリン酸
カルシウム、ステアリン酸バリウム、リシノール
酸バリウム、ジブチルスズラウレート、ジブチル
スズマレート等があげられる。
配合することができる帯電防止剤ないし防曇剤
としては、非イオン系界面活性剤がよく、具体的
にはソルビタンモノステアレート、ソルビタンモ
ノパルミテート、ソルビタンモノベンゾエートな
どのソルビタン系界面活性剤；グリセリンモノラ
ウレート、ジグリセリンモノパルミテート、グリ
セリンモノステアレートなどのグリセリン系界面
活性剤；ポリエチレングリコールモノステアレー
ト、ポリエチレングリコールモノパルミテートな
どのポリエチレングリコール系界面活性剤；アル
キルフエノールのアルキレンオキサイド付加物；
ソルビタン／グリセリンの縮合物と有機酸とのエ
ステル等があげられる。
紫外線吸収剤としては、フエニルサリシレート
系、シアノアクリレート系、ベンゾエート系、ベ
ンゾフエノン系、ベンゾトリアゾール系の紫外線
吸収剤があげられる。また、顔料、染料として
は、例えば酸化チタン、シリカ、群青、フタロシ
アニンブルー等があげられる。
これら各種樹脂添加物は、通常の配合量、例え
ば塩化ビニル系樹脂100重量部当り、５重量部以
下の範囲で選ぶことができる。
基体となる塩化ビニル系樹脂に、(A)成分ないし
(C)成分、更に要すれば各種樹脂添加物を配合する
には、通常の配合技術、混合技術、例えばリボン
ブレンダー、バンバリーミキサー、スーパーミキ
サーその他の配合機、混合機によつて配合、混合
した後、フイルム化することにより可能である。
塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物をフイルム化するに
は、それ自体公知の方法、例えば溶融押出成形
法、溶液流延法、カレンダー成形法等を採用すれ
ばよい。フイルムは透明でも、表面に多数の小さ
い凹凸（エンボス）を付したものであつてもよ
い。
本発明に係るフイルムの厚さは、余り薄いと強
度が不充分で好ましくなく、逆に余り厚すぎると
フイルム化作業、その後の取り扱い（フイルムを
切断してハウス型に接合する作業、ハウス骨組に
展張する作業を含む。）等に不便をきたすので、
0.03〜0.2mmの範囲とするのがよい。
本発明に係るフイルムは、次のような効果を奏
し、その農業上の利用価値は、極めて大である。
本発明に係るフイルムは、熱線を吸収する不
活性固体微粒子を含有しているので、土壤から
放出される波長３〜40ミクロンの範囲の赤外線
領域の光線（熱線）をハウス又はトンネル外に
放出させず、保温性に優れている。
熱線を吸収する不活性固体微粒子として、吸
収波長領域の異なる(A)成分及び(B)成分を併用す
るので、波長３〜40ミクロンの赤外線領域の光
線全域に亘つて透過エネルギーを減少させるこ
とができる。不活性固体微粒子の配合量は従来
の単一化合物の単独使用の場合に較べて、少量
とすることができる。
本発明に係るフイルムは、(A)成分及び(B)成分
のほかに、(C)成分を配合するので、従来の熱線
を吸収する不活性固体微粒子のみを配合したフ
イルムに較べて、飛躍的に優れた耐候性を示
す。
以下、本発明を実施例に基づいて詳細に説明す
るが、本発明はその要旨を超えない限り、以下の
例に限定さるものではない。
実施例１〜４、比較例１〜９
ポリ塩化ビニル（＝1400） 100重量部
ジクチルフタレート 50 〃
トリクレジルフオスフエート ５ 〃
エポキシ樹脂（商品名「EP−828」） １ 〃
バリウム−亜鉛系液状安定剤 1.5 〃
ステアリン酸バリウム 0.2 〃
ステアリン酸亜鉛 0.4 〃
ソルビタンモノパルミテート 1.5 〃
を基本組成とし、これに第２表に示すような種類
及び量の(A)成分、(B)成分及び(C)成分を配合し、ス
ーパーミキサーで10分間撹拌混合した。それぞれ
の混合物を、165℃に加温したカレンダーに供給
し、常法によりフイルム化し、厚さ0.05mmの13種
類のフイルムを作成した。
上記13種類のフイルムについて、以下の方法で
耐候性、保温性及び噴き出し性の評価を行なつ
た。評価結果を、第２表に示す。
(1) 耐候性
愛知県名古屋市で、供試フイルムを、屋外で
南に面し、かつ、地面に対し45度に傾斜した架
台に展張し、（昭和55年５月）日光に曝露し
て、各フイルムの外観変化の状況を肉眼で観察
し、評価した。
「耐候性」の評価結果は、それぞれ次ような
意義を有する。
〇………変化なし
〇×………わずかに褐斑点が認められる
△………褐斑点が認められる
△×………褐斑点が多く認められる
×………全面にわたつて褐変している
(2) 保温性
三重一志郡の圃場に幅２ｍ、長さ２ｍ大の露
地トンネル骨組を13棟構築し、これらトンネル
を各々のフイルムで被覆し、トンネル内部中央
部分で、夜間のトンネル内温を測定したもの。
温度測定期間は、昭和56年３月１日から３月10
日迄の10日間である。午後６時から翌日の午前
６時までの間の温度を、１時間毎に測定し、こ
の間の温度を平均して１日の平均値とし、更に
10日間の平均値を平均した値として示した。
(3) 噴き出し性
室内に６カ月放置した各フイルムについて、
フイルム表面を指先で軽くまさつし、フイルム
表面に残る指先の跡によつて判断したもの。評
価基準は、次のとおりとした。
〇………表面に指の跡がほとんど認められない
もの。
△………指の跡が若干認められもの。
×………指の跡が著しく残るもの。[Table] Table 1 shows that polyvinyl chloride film has significantly lower transmitted energy than polyethylene film and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film. Furthermore, in the case of polyvinyl chloride film, the transmission energy in the wavelength range of 3 to 16 microns is almost the same as that in the wavelength range of 16 to 40 microns, so the heat retention of this film is It turns out that in order to further improve the transmission energy, it is better to reduce the transmitted energy in both wavelength regions at the same time. In this way, as a method to reduce the transmitted energy in a specific wavelength range, the
Publication No. 9260, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-13863, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 1983
A technique described in Publication No. -43115 has been proposed. In both of these methods, inert solid fine particles having an ability to absorb in the infrared region are added to a synthetic resin as a base material to form a film. however,
It has been found that these conventional techniques have the following problems. (1) If silicon oxide, magnesium silicate, etc. that absorb in the infrared region are blended into a synthetic resin raw material and made into a film, and this film is used as a coating material, the temperature will increase approximately 2 to 3 months after the start of coating. This causes discoloration and eventually tears, making it unsuitable for long-term use. (2) Even if commonly used ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, etc. are added for the purpose of improving this weather resistance, the decline in weather resistance of the film caused by the addition of inert solid particles cannot be suppressed. However, it is difficult to maintain weather resistance at a certain level over long periods of time. (3) The decrease in weather resistance of the film is proportional to the amount of inert solid fine particles added, and the relationship is such that the more the heat retention property of the film is improved, the lower the weather resistance is. Under such circumstances, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to provide an agricultural vinyl chloride resin film that has high heat retention and excellent weather resistance, and as a result, they have completed the present invention. It is something. However, the gist of the present invention is to add (A) to a vinyl chloride resin composition containing a plasticizer.
(B) one or more types of inert solid fine particles that absorb in the infrared region of wavelengths 3 to 16 microns;
one or more types of inert solid fine particles that absorb in the infrared region of ~40 microns; (C) a metal phosphate salt that absorbs in the infrared wavelength region of 3 to 40 microns;
The present invention relates to an agricultural vinyl chloride resin film having excellent heat retention properties, which is formed by blending at least one kind of phosphite metal salts into a film. The present invention will be explained in detail below. In the present invention, vinyl chloride resin refers to polyvinyl chloride, a copolymer containing vinyl chloride as a main component and a monomer copolymerizable with it, and a copolymer containing polyvinyl chloride as a main component and copolymerizable with it, and This term includes blends with polymers and copolymers. The film according to the present invention is formed from a soft blended vinyl chloride resin composition.
To make a soft compound, use the above vinyl chloride resin 100
30 to 60 parts by weight of plasticizer is blended with respect to parts by weight. Preferred plasticizers in the present invention include, for example, di-n-octyl phthalate, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, dibenzyl phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate, didodecyl phthalate,
Phthalic acid derivatives such as diundecyl phthalate; Isophthalic acid derivatives such as diisooctyl phthalate; Adipic acid derivatives such as di-n-butyl adipate and dioctyl adipate; Maleic acid derivatives such as di-n-butyl maleate; tri-n-butyl Citric acid derivatives such as citrate; Itaconic acid derivatives such as monobutyl itaconate; Oleic acid derivatives such as butyl oleate; Ricinoleic acid derivatives such as glycerin monoricinolate; Other tricresyl phosphate, epoxidized soybean oil, epoxy resin Examples include plasticizers and the like. The film according to the present invention contains (A) one or more kinds of inert solid particles that absorb in the infrared region of wavelengths from 3 to 16 microns, and (B) absorbing in the infrared region of wavelengths from 16 to 40 microns. One or more types of inert solid fine particles and (C) at least one of metal phosphates and metal phosphites that absorb in the infrared region of wavelengths from 3 to 40 microns are blended and mixed, respectively. There is. The inert solid fine particles of component (A) that absorb in the infrared region of wavelengths of 3 to 16 microns function to reduce the transmitted energy of the film of the present invention of light rays in the infrared region of wavelengths of 3 to 16 microns. be. Preferably used as component (A) are magnesium carbonate, magnesium silicate, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among the examples, magnesium carbonate, magnesium silicate and silicon oxide are particularly preferred. If the amount of the above component (A) is too small, no improvement in heat retention can be expected; on the other hand, if it is too large, it will not only be impossible to maintain the weather resistance of the film at a desirable level, but also affect the mechanical properties of the film. This is not preferable because it also reduces the transparency of the film. A suitable range for blending is a total of 1 to 15 parts by weight of component (A) and component (B) described below, based on 100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride resin. The inert solid fine particles of component (B) that absorb in the infrared region of wavelengths of 16 to 40 microns function to reduce the transmitted energy of light rays in the infrared region of wavelengths of 16 to 40 microns of the film according to the present invention. be. Those that can be used as component (B) include magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, etc., and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. If the amount of the above component (B) is too small, no improvement in heat retention can be expected; on the other hand, if it is too large,
This is not preferred because it not only fails to maintain the weather resistance of the film at a desirable level, but also deteriorates the mechanical properties, transparency, etc. of the film. The preferred blending amount range is 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin, the sum of component (B) and component (A) above.
~15 parts by weight. (C) The metal phosphates and metal phosphites that absorb in the infrared wavelength range of 3 to 40 microns are listed above.
It functions to improve the weather resistance of the film containing component (A) and component (B), and to reduce the transmitted energy of light in the wavelength range of 3 to 40 microns. The (C) component has the general formula M〓H 2 PO 3 ,
M 2 〓HPO 3 , M 〓H 2 PO 4 , M 2 〓HPO 4 , M〓
It is a compound represented by HPO 4 , M〓(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 (in the formula, M means a metal component, and means monovalent and divalent), where M is a component of barium, Calcium, zinc, lead, aluminum, nickel, etc. are suitable. These (C) components may be used alone or in combination of two or more. If the amount of the above component (C) is too small, the weather resistance of the film cannot be improved to a desirable level, so it is undesirable. On the other hand, if it is too large, there will be a lot of gushing from the film, resulting in a decrease in transparency. This is not preferable as it also increases the adhesion of dust.
The preferred range of blending amount is 0.01 to 1 based on the total weight of components (A) and (B) [(C)/(A)+(B)=0.01 to 1] be within the range. ]. The above-mentioned components (A) to (C) are blended into the film according to the present invention, and in addition, lubricants, heat stabilizers, antistatic agents, antifogging agents, ultraviolet absorbers, pigments, and dyes may be added as necessary. Various resin additives such as these can be blended. Examples of lubricants or heat stabilizers that can be incorporated into the film of the present invention include polyethylene wax, liquid paraffin, stearic acid, zinc stearate, fatty alcohol, calcium stearate, barium stearate, barium ricinoleate, and dibutyl tin laurel. and dibutyltin malate. As the antistatic agent or antifogging agent that can be blended, nonionic surfactants are preferred, and specifically sorbitan surfactants such as sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monopalmitate, and sorbitan monobenzoate; glycerin Glycerin surfactants such as monolaurate, diglycerin monopalmitate, and glycerin monostearate; polyethylene glycol surfactants such as polyethylene glycol monostearate and polyethylene glycol monopalmitate; alkylene oxide adducts of alkyl phenols;
Examples include esters of sorbitan/glycerin condensates and organic acids. Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include phenyl salicylate-based, cyanoacrylate-based, benzoate-based, benzophenone-based, and benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorbers. Examples of pigments and dyes include titanium oxide, silica, ultramarine blue, and phthalocyanine blue. These various resin additives can be selected in the usual amount, for example, within the range of 5 parts by weight or less per 100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride resin. Component (A) or
Component (C) and, if necessary, various resin additives are compounded and mixed using ordinary compounding techniques and mixing techniques, such as a ribbon blender, Banbury mixer, super mixer, and other compounding machines and mixers. This can be done by making it into a film afterwards. In order to form a film from the vinyl chloride resin composition, methods known per se, such as melt extrusion, solution casting, and calendering, may be employed. The film may be transparent or may have many small irregularities (embossed) on its surface. If the thickness of the film according to the present invention is too thin, the strength will be insufficient, which is undesirable.On the other hand, if the film is too thick, it will not be suitable for film processing, subsequent handling (cutting the film and joining it into a house shape, etc.) (including the work of expanding) etc.,
The range is preferably 0.03 to 0.2 mm. The film according to the present invention has the following effects and has extremely great agricultural utility value. Since the film according to the present invention contains inert solid fine particles that absorb heat rays, it prevents the infrared rays (heat rays) emitted from the soil in the wavelength range of 3 to 40 microns from being emitted outside the house or tunnel. It has excellent heat retention. As inert solid fine particles that absorb heat rays are used in combination with components (A) and (B) that have different absorption wavelength ranges, it is possible to reduce the transmitted energy over the entire range of infrared light with a wavelength of 3 to 40 microns. can. The amount of inert solid fine particles to be blended can be smaller than in the conventional case where a single compound is used alone. Since the film according to the present invention contains component (C) in addition to components (A) and (B), it is significantly more effective than conventional films that contain only inert solid particles that absorb heat rays. Shows excellent weather resistance. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples unless it exceeds the gist thereof. Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 to 9 Polyvinyl chloride (=1400) 100 parts by weight Dictyl phthalate 50 Tricresyl phosphate 5 Epoxy resin (trade name "EP-828") 1 Barium-zinc Liquid stabilizer 1.5 〃 Barium stearate 0.2 〃 Zinc stearate 0.4 〃 Sorbitan monopalmitate 1.5 〃 The basic composition is the following, and the types and amounts of components (A), (B) and Component (C) was blended and stirred and mixed using a super mixer for 10 minutes. Each mixture was supplied to a calender heated to 165°C and formed into films by a conventional method to create 13 types of films with a thickness of 0.05 mm. The above 13 types of films were evaluated for weather resistance, heat retention, and blowout properties using the following methods. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2. (1) Weather resistance In Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture, the test film was stretched outdoors on a stand facing south and inclined at 45 degrees to the ground (May 1980) and exposed to sunlight. The change in appearance of each film was visually observed and evaluated. The evaluation results of "weather resistance" each have the following significance. 〇……No change〇×………Slight brown spots are observed △………Brown spots are observed △×………Many brown spots are observed×……Browning over the entire surface (2) Heat retention We constructed 13 open-air tunnel frames, each 2m wide and 2m long, in a field in Kazushi District, Mie, and covered each tunnel with a film to maintain the temperature inside the tunnel at night. What was measured.
The temperature measurement period is from March 1st to March 10th, 1981.
10 days until today. The temperature is measured every hour from 6:00 pm to 6:00 am the next day, and the temperature during this period is averaged to be the average value for the day.
The average value for 10 days is shown as the average value. (3) Blowout property For each film left indoors for 6 months,
The film surface was lightly touched with a fingertip, and the judgment was made based on the marks left by the fingertip on the film surface. The evaluation criteria were as follows. 〇……There are almost no finger marks on the surface. △……Some finger marks are observed. ×……Things that leave significant finger marks.
【表】【table】
【表】
次２表より、次のことが明らかとなる。
(A)成分ないし(C)成分の三成分が配合されている
本発明に係るフイルムは、耐候性に優れているば
かりでなく、保温性も優れ、フイルム表面への添
加物の噴き出しも極めて少ない。
三成分を含有するフイルムであつても、三成分
の添加量が均衡していない場合は（比較例１、比
較例６及び比較例７）、耐候性、保温性双方が優
れたものとはならないし、一成分のみを含むフイ
ルム（比較例３、比較例10）、二成分を含むフイ
ルム（比較例２）も、耐候性、保温性双方が優れ
たものとはならない。[Table] From the following two tables, the following becomes clear. The film according to the present invention, which contains the three components (A) to (C), not only has excellent weather resistance, but also excellent heat retention, and there is extremely little spewing of additives onto the film surface. . Even if the film contains three components, if the amounts of the three components are not balanced (Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 6, and Comparative Example 7), the film will not have excellent weather resistance and heat retention. However, films containing only one component (Comparative Examples 3 and 10) and films containing two components (Comparative Example 2) do not have excellent weather resistance and heat retention.
第１図は、現在市販されている厚み0.05mmの農
業用合成樹脂フイルムの赤外分光スクトルと、15
℃黒体の輻射エネルギー分布を示す。
図において、１は農業用ポリ塩化ビニルフイル
ムの赤外分光スペクトル曲線、２は農業用ポリエ
チレンフイルムの赤外分光スペクトル曲線、３は
農業用エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体フイルムス
ペクトル曲線、４は15℃黒体の輻射エネルギー分
布をそれぞれ示す。
Figure 1 shows the infrared spectroscopy spectrum of agricultural synthetic resin film with a thickness of 0.05 mm currently on the market, and the 15
℃ shows the radiant energy distribution of a blackbody. In the figure, 1 is an infrared spectrum curve of agricultural polyvinyl chloride film, 2 is an infrared spectrum curve of agricultural polyethylene film, 3 is an agricultural ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film spectrum curve, and 4 is a 15°C Each shows the radiant energy distribution of a black body.
Claims (1)
成物に、 (A) 波長３〜16ミクロンの赤外線領域に吸収をも
つ不活性固体微粒子と (B) 波長16〜40ミクロンの赤外線領域に吸収をも
つ不活性固体微粒子を 塩化ビニル系樹脂100重量部に対して(A)成分及
び(B)成分の合計量で１〜15重量部、並びに (C) 波長３〜40ミクロンの赤外線領域に吸収をも
つリン酸金属塩または亜リン酸金属塩を 重量比で(C)／(A)＋(B)の値が0.01〜１の範囲にな
るようにそれぞれ配合しフイルム化してなること
を特徴とする農業用塩化ビニル系樹脂フイルム。 ２ (A)成分として、炭酸マグネシウム、マグネシ
ウム珪酸塩及び酸化珪素のうちの少なくとも一種
と、(B)成分として、水酸化マグネシウム及び水酸
化アルミニウムのうち少なくとも一種とを配合し
てなることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第１項
記載の農業用塩化ビニル系樹脂フイルム。 ３ (C)成分としてのリン酸金属塩、亜リン酸金属
塩のうちの金属成分が、カルシウム、バリウム、
亜鉛、鉛又はアルミニウムの中から選ばれたもの
であることを特徴とする、特許請求の範囲第１項
記載の農業用塩化ビニル系樹脂フイルム。[Scope of Claims] 1. A vinyl chloride resin composition containing a plasticizer, (A) inert solid fine particles having absorption in the infrared region of wavelengths 3 to 16 microns, and (B) wavelengths of 16 to 40 microns. The total amount of components (A) and (B) is 1 to 15 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin, and (C) the wavelength is 3 to 40 microns. Metal phosphates or metal phosphites that absorb in the infrared region of An agricultural vinyl chloride resin film characterized by: 2. It is characterized by containing at least one of magnesium carbonate, magnesium silicate, and silicon oxide as component (A), and at least one of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide as component (B). An agricultural vinyl chloride resin film according to claim 1. 3 The metal components of the metal phosphate and metal phosphite as component (C) are calcium, barium,
The agricultural vinyl chloride resin film according to claim 1, characterized in that the film is selected from zinc, lead, or aluminum.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57021574A JPS58138745A (en) | 1982-02-13 | 1982-02-13 | Vinyl chloride resin film for agricultural purpose |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57021574A JPS58138745A (en) | 1982-02-13 | 1982-02-13 | Vinyl chloride resin film for agricultural purpose |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58138745A JPS58138745A (en) | 1983-08-17 |
| JPS6239620B2 true JPS6239620B2 (en) | 1987-08-24 |
Family
ID=12058793
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57021574A Granted JPS58138745A (en) | 1982-02-13 | 1982-02-13 | Vinyl chloride resin film for agricultural purpose |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58138745A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6192514A (en) * | 1984-10-04 | 1986-05-10 | 三菱化成ビニル株式会社 | Synthetic resin film for agriculture |
| JPS61111349A (en) * | 1984-11-06 | 1986-05-29 | Mitsubishi Monsanto Chem Co | Vinyl chloride resin composition for molding anti-fogging agricultural film |
| JPS61170322A (en) * | 1985-01-24 | 1986-08-01 | 三菱化成ビニル株式会社 | Agricultural synthetic resin film |
| JPH06104764B2 (en) * | 1985-06-22 | 1994-12-21 | オカモト株式会社 | Transparent polyvinyl chloride resin film for agriculture |
| JPS62178341A (en) * | 1986-02-03 | 1987-08-05 | 三菱化学エムケーブイ株式会社 | Agricultural vinyl chloride group resin film |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5543115A (en) * | 1978-09-21 | 1980-03-26 | Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd | Formed synthetic resin article having improved light transmitting and heat retaining properties |
| JPS55164238A (en) * | 1979-06-08 | 1980-12-20 | Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd | Agricultural vinyl chloride resin film |
-
1982
- 1982-02-13 JP JP57021574A patent/JPS58138745A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5543115A (en) * | 1978-09-21 | 1980-03-26 | Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd | Formed synthetic resin article having improved light transmitting and heat retaining properties |
| JPS55164238A (en) * | 1979-06-08 | 1980-12-20 | Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd | Agricultural vinyl chloride resin film |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58138745A (en) | 1983-08-17 |
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