JPS62289413A - Rear suspension for automobile - Google Patents

Rear suspension for automobile

Info

Publication number
JPS62289413A
JPS62289413A JP13443086A JP13443086A JPS62289413A JP S62289413 A JPS62289413 A JP S62289413A JP 13443086 A JP13443086 A JP 13443086A JP 13443086 A JP13443086 A JP 13443086A JP S62289413 A JPS62289413 A JP S62289413A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
link
spring constant
elastic members
elastic member
acceleration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP13443086A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shingo Obayashi
大林　真悟
Fusayoshi Oyama
総美 尾山
Akira Takahashi
明 高橋
Hiroshi Mori
宏志 森
Takeo Inoue
井上　丈雄
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Subaru Corp
Original Assignee
Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP13443086A priority Critical patent/JPS62289413A/en
Priority to US07/056,872 priority patent/US4732407A/en
Priority to DE19873719327 priority patent/DE3719327A1/en
Publication of JPS62289413A publication Critical patent/JPS62289413A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
    • F16F1/387—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type comprising means for modifying the rigidity in particular directions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/016—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by their responsiveness, when the vehicle is travelling, to specific motion, a specific condition, or driver input
    • B60G17/0162—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by their responsiveness, when the vehicle is travelling, to specific motion, a specific condition, or driver input mainly during a motion involving steering operation, e.g. cornering, overtaking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
    • B60G7/006—Attaching arms to sprung or unsprung part of vehicle, characterised by comprising attachment means controlled by an external actuator, e.g. a fluid or electrical motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/40—Type of actuator
    • B60G2202/42—Electric actuator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/14—Mounting of suspension arms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2400/00—Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
    • B60G2400/10—Acceleration; Deceleration
    • B60G2400/106—Acceleration; Deceleration longitudinal with regard to vehicle, e.g. braking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2400/00—Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
    • B60G2400/20—Speed
    • B60G2400/204—Vehicle speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2400/00—Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
    • B60G2400/30—Propulsion unit conditions
    • B60G2400/38—Speed of engine rotation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2400/00—Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
    • B60G2400/40—Steering conditions
    • B60G2400/41—Steering angle

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attempt improvement of controllability and safety in a front wheel drive car where a front and a rear link are adapted to support a rear wheel via elastic members in such a way as to be freely oscillated up and down by providing the elastic members while they are revolvingly displaced whereby changing a spring constant in the load input direction depending on acceleration. CONSTITUTION:In a front wheel drive car where a front and a rear link 2 and 3 extending in the car width direction are adapted to secure a rear wheel 1 to the member 5 on a car body side via elastic members in such a way as to be freely oscillated up and down, the structure is constituted to be such that a spring constant in the load input direction from the links is changed by revolving the elastic members 7, which are provided respectively for the mounting sections of each link 2 and 3 to the member 5 on the car body side, around the oscillating center of the links. Displacement in revolution of said elastic members 7 is effected through a link mechanism 11 with an electric motor actuated. And the electric motor 9 is controlled by a controller 20 receiving the output from an acceleration sensor 19 in such a way that the spring constant of a rear side elastic member 7 is made lower than that of a front side elastic member 7 depending on acceleration at the time of acceleration.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 ３、発明の詳細な説明 産業上の利用分野 本発明は自動車用リヤサスペンションに関するものであ
る。Detailed Description of the Invention 3. Detailed Description of the Invention Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a rear suspension for an automobile.

従来の技術 後輪がアーム或はリンク等の揺動部材を介して車体側部
材に支持されている自動車のリヤサスペンションにおい
て、揺動部材の車体側部材への支持点に介装されるゴム
ブツシュ等の弾性部材のばね特性の設定は自動車の旋回
時横力によって生じる後輪のトー角変化に大きな影響を
もつものである。2. Description of the Related Art In a rear suspension of an automobile in which the rear wheel is supported by a vehicle body side member via a swinging member such as an arm or a link, a rubber bush or the like is interposed at the support point of the swinging member to the vehicle body side member. The setting of the spring characteristics of the elastic member has a large effect on the change in the toe angle of the rear wheels caused by lateral force when the automobile turns.

そこで揺動部材の車体側部材への支持点に介装されるゴ
ムブツシュに中空部を形成し、該中空部に油圧を導入し
得る構造とし、該油圧を制御することによってゴムブツ
シュの硬度を可変的に制御し、これにより横力に対する
後輪のトー角変化を、高速時トーイン傾向を強め、大転
舵時トーイン傾向を弱めるよう制御するものが従来より
開発され、特開昭６０−１４６７０７号公報、特開昭６
０−１４６７０８号公報等にて公開されている。Therefore, a hollow part is formed in the rubber bushing interposed at the support point of the swinging member to the vehicle body side member, and a structure is adopted in which hydraulic pressure can be introduced into the hollow part, and by controlling the hydraulic pressure, the hardness of the rubber bushing can be made variable. JP-A-60-146707 discloses a system that controls the toe angle change of the rear wheels in response to lateral force so that the toe-in tendency is strengthened at high speeds and the toe-in tendency is weakened during large steering turns. , Japanese Patent Publication No. 6
It is published in Publication No. 0-146708 and the like.

発明が解決しようとする１８１題点 ところが上記のようにゴムブツシュに形成した中空部内
に油圧を導入する方式のものは、該ゴムブツシュの中空
部内に高い油圧が保持され続けるとゴムブツシュの耐久
性が低下し、又ゴムデフ９１０体の耐油性等の問題を含
んでいるばかりか、基本的に油圧圧力とゴムブツシュの
ばね特性との対応関係を実現することが極めて困難であ
ると言う問題を有している。181 Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the method of introducing hydraulic pressure into the hollow part formed in the rubber bushing as described above, if high hydraulic pressure continues to be maintained in the hollow part of the rubber bushing, the durability of the rubber bushing decreases. In addition, there are problems such as oil resistance of the rubber differential 910, and there is also the problem that it is basically extremely difficult to realize the correspondence between the hydraulic pressure and the spring characteristics of the rubber bushings.

更に、後輪のトー角変化を車速や舵角で制御しただけで
は自動車のあらゆる走行モードに的確には対応し得ない
と言う問題を有している。Furthermore, there is a problem in that simply controlling the change in the toe angle of the rear wheels using the vehicle speed or steering angle cannot accurately respond to all driving modes of the vehicle.

本発明は上記のような従来の問題に対処することを目的
とするものである。The present invention aims to address the conventional problems as described above.

問題点を解決するための手段 本発明は、後輪を前側と後側の２本のリンクにて車体側
部材に上下揺動可能なるよう支持したパラレルリンク式
リヤサスペンションを装備した前輪駆動タイプの自動車
において、上記前、後の各リンクの車体側部材への軸着
部に介装される前、後の弾性部材のうちいずれか一方又
は双方を、リンクの揺動中心線まわりに回動させること
により該リンクよりの荷重入力方向のばね定数が変化す
る構造に構成し、自動車の加速度に応じて該弾性部材を
リンクに対し回動変位させ加速走行時リンクの荷重入力
方向に対し前側弾性部材のばね定数より後側弾性部材の
ばね定数が低くなるようにするアクチュエータを設けた
ことを特徴とするものである。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides a front wheel drive type rear suspension equipped with a parallel link type rear suspension in which the rear wheels are supported by two links on the front side and the rear side to a member on the vehicle body side so as to be able to swing up and down. In an automobile, one or both of the front and rear elastic members interposed in the shaft attachment portion of each of the front and rear links to the vehicle body side member is rotated around the swing center line of the link. Accordingly, the spring constant in the direction of load input from the link is configured to change, and the elastic member is rotationally displaced relative to the link in accordance with the acceleration of the vehicle, and the front elastic member is rotated in the direction of load input to the link during accelerated driving. The present invention is characterized in that an actuator is provided that causes the spring constant of the rear elastic member to be lower than the spring constant of the rear elastic member.

作　　　用 上記により、加速旋回時後輪に作用する横力による弾性
部材のたわみ量は、前側弾性部材より後側弾性部材の方
が大となって後輪は前輪転舵方向とは逆方向にトー角変
化し、前輪駆動タイプ自動車の加速旋回時のアンダステ
ア傾向を上記後輪のトー角変化によって補正し、旋回半
径が変化しないステア特性を得るものである。As a result of the above, the amount of deflection of the elastic member due to the lateral force acting on the rear wheels during an acceleration turn is larger in the rear elastic member than in the front elastic member, and the rear wheels are deflected in the opposite direction to the direction in which the front wheels are steered. The toe angle changes, and the understeer tendency of a front-wheel drive type automobile during accelerated turning is corrected by the toe angle change of the rear wheels, thereby obtaining steering characteristics in which the turning radius does not change.

実施例 以下本発明の実施例を耐重を参照して説明する。Example Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to weight resistance.

第１図乃至第４図は本発明の一実施例を示すもので、第
１図において、１は後輪であり、該後輪１には前後のリ
ンク２および３の先端部が軸着され、該前後のリンク？
および３の基端部２１および３１はクロスメンバ等の車
体側部材５に支持された軸６に第２図に示すような弾性
部材７を介して上下方向に揺動可能なるよう取付けられ
ている。４は後輪１．１の回転軸である。1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a rear wheel, and the front and rear links 2 and 3 have front and rear links 2 and 3 pivoted on the rear wheel 1. , Links before and after?
The base end portions 21 and 31 of 3 are attached to a shaft 6 supported by a vehicle body side member 5 such as a cross member so as to be swingable in the vertical direction via an elastic member 7 as shown in FIG. . 4 is the rotation axis of the rear wheel 1.1.

又後輪ｌには基端部８１を後輪より前方（又は後方）の
車体側部材に弾性部材を介して揺動可能なるよう取付け
られたラジアスロッド８の先端部が取付けられ後輪１に
作用する前後方向の荷重を該ラジアスロッド８にて支持
するよう構成されている。Further, the tip of a radius rod 8 is attached to the rear wheel 1, and its base end 81 is attached to a member on the vehicle body side forward (or rearward) of the rear wheel so as to be swingable via an elastic member. The radius rod 8 is configured to support the load in the longitudinal direction.

丘記弾性部材７は第２図−に示すように、内筒７１と、
該内筒７１と同心状の外筒７２と、内筒７１と外筒７２
との間に介装固定されたゴム等の弾性部材よりなる弾性
円環７３とにより構成され、例えば第２図（イ）のよう
に弾性円環７３の一部に空隙部７３ａを形成するとか第
２図（ｒｌ）のように弾性内環７３の一部に金属板等の
中間板７３ｂを埋設する等の手段にて、例えばｘ−Ｘ線
方向は低いばね定数としそれと直交するＹ−Ｙ線方向は
高いばね定数とする等、角度によってばね定数が変化す
るよう構成されており、該弾性部材７を軸６とリンク基
端部との間に介装された状態において、リンク基端部に
対して回動させることによって、リンクを介して入力さ
れる後輪側主荷重に対する弾性部材７のばね定数を可変
的に制御することができるようになっている。As shown in FIG. 2, the elastic member 7 has an inner cylinder 71,
An outer cylinder 72 concentric with the inner cylinder 71, and an inner cylinder 71 and an outer cylinder 72.
and an elastic ring 73 made of an elastic member such as rubber interposed and fixed between the elastic ring 73 and a gap 73a formed in a part of the elastic ring 73, for example, as shown in FIG. 2(A). As shown in FIG. 2 (rl), by embedding an intermediate plate 73b such as a metal plate in a part of the elastic inner ring 73, for example, the spring constant is set to be low in the x-X direction, and the Y-Y The spring constant is configured to change depending on the angle, such as a high spring constant in the linear direction, and when the elastic member 7 is interposed between the shaft 6 and the link base end, the spring constant is high in the linear direction. By rotating the elastic member 7 relative to the link, it is possible to variably control the spring constant of the elastic member 7 relative to the main load on the rear wheel input via the link.

上記弾性部材７を回動させるアクチュエータとしては電
動モータ或は油圧機器等が採用され得るが、図示実施例
では電動モータ９を用いた例を示している。Although an electric motor or a hydraulic device may be used as the actuator for rotating the elastic member 7, the illustrated embodiment shows an example in which an electric motor 9 is used.

即ち電動モータ９は車体側部材５に取付けられ、減速機
１０およびリンク機構１１等を介して弾性部材７をリン
ク２５端部に対して回動変位させる。That is, the electric motor 9 is attached to the vehicle body side member 5, and rotationally displaces the elastic member 7 with respect to the end portion of the link 25 via the reducer 10, link mechanism 11, etc.

第３図は弾性部材７の取付部の一具体例を示すものであ
る。FIG. 3 shows a specific example of the attachment portion of the elastic member 7. As shown in FIG.

即ち第３図に示すように軸６は車体側部材５に溶接等に
て固若された筒部材１２に軸受１３を介して回動可能な
るよう嵌装支持され、該軸６の両端部分に弾性部材７の
内筒７１をセレーション嵌合等の手段にて嵌合し、且つ
軸６の一方の端部には前記リンク機構１１の被駆動側ア
ームｌｌｃの基端部をセレーション嵌合等の手段にて嵌
合し、該軸６の両端ねじ部にナツト１４を螺合締付けて
弾性部材７および被駆動側アームｌｌｃ等を固定する。That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the shaft 6 is rotatably fitted and supported via a bearing 13 into a cylindrical member 12 fixed to the vehicle body side member 5 by welding or the like. The inner cylinder 71 of the elastic member 7 is fitted by means such as serration fitting, and the base end of the driven arm llc of the link mechanism 11 is fitted to one end of the shaft 6 by means such as serration fitting. The nuts 14 are screwed onto the threaded portions at both ends of the shaft 6 and tightened to fix the elastic member 7, the driven arm llc, etc.

上記のようにして軸６の両端部にそれぞれ組付固定した
弾性部材７のうち、前側弾性部材７ａの外筒には球面カ
ラー１５が圧入され、該球面カラー１５の外周面にリテ
ーナ１６を介して前側リンク２の基端部２１が回動可ず
指なるよう嵌挿組付けられ、後側弾性部材７ｂの外筒に
は球面カラー１５が圧入され、該球面カラー１５の外周
面にリテーナ１６を介して後側リンク３の基端部３１が
回動可脂なるよう嵌装組付けられる。Of the elastic members 7 assembled and fixed to both ends of the shaft 6 as described above, a spherical collar 15 is press-fitted into the outer cylinder of the front elastic member 7a, and a retainer 16 is placed on the outer peripheral surface of the spherical collar 15. The base end 21 of the front link 2 is fitted and assembled so that it is not rotatable, and the spherical collar 15 is press-fitted into the outer cylinder of the rear elastic member 7b. The base end portion 31 of the rear link 3 is rotatably fitted and assembled via the .

尚第３図において１７はリンク機構１１の被駆動側アー
ムｌｌｃと連結ロッド（長さ調整機構をもっている）１
１ｂの一端部とを結合するジヨイントであり、該連結ロ
ッドｌｌｂの他端部は第１図（ｏ）に示すように減速ａ
１０の出力軸に固定された駆動側アームｌｌａの先端部
にジヨイントを介して結合されている。１８はオイルシ
ールである。In FIG. 3, reference numeral 17 indicates the driven arm llc of the link mechanism 11 and the connecting rod 1 (having a length adjustment mechanism).
1b, and the other end of the connecting rod 1b is a joint that connects one end of the connecting rod llb to the deceleration a as shown in FIG. 1(o).
It is coupled via a joint to the tip of a driving arm lla fixed to the output shaft of No. 10. 18 is an oil seal.

電動モータ９は、車速の時間変化率を検出しそれに応じ
た加速度信号を発する加速度センサ１９の該加速度信号
に基づくコントローラ２０の出力信号によって回転方向
および回転角度等を制御されるようになっている。The electric motor 9 is configured to have its rotation direction, rotation angle, etc. controlled by an output signal from a controller 20 based on an acceleration signal from an acceleration sensor 19 that detects the time rate of change in vehicle speed and generates an acceleration signal corresponding to the rate of change over time. .

上記において、左側の前後の弾性部材７をそれぞれ７ａ
、７ｂとし右側の前後の弾性部材をそれぞれ７ａ”、７
ｂ”とし、前側の左右の弾性部材７ａ、７ａ′に対し後
側の左右の弾性部材７ｂ、７ｂ’を９０＠位相をずらせ
た状態で軸６に組付固定する。In the above, the left front and rear elastic members 7 are each 7a.
, 7b, and the front and rear elastic members on the right side are 7a'' and 7b, respectively.
b'', and the left and right elastic members 7b and 7b' on the rear side are assembled and fixed to the shaft 6 with a phase shift of 90@ from the left and right elastic members 7a and 7a' on the front side.

そして例えば加速走行時以外の定常走行時は、第４図（
イ）に示すように前側の左右の弾性部材７ａ、７ａ′と
後側の左右の弾性部材７ｂ、７ｂ′が共に、各リンクか
ら入力される主荷重方向即ちリンクの軸線方向に中間の
ばね定数（低いばね定数と高いばね定数との中間のばね
定ａ）の状態に保持されるよう設定する。For example, during steady driving other than during acceleration driving, Fig. 4 (
As shown in b), both the front left and right elastic members 7a, 7a' and the rear left and right elastic members 7b, 7b' have an intermediate spring constant in the direction of the main load input from each link, that is, in the axial direction of the link. The spring constant is set to be maintained at a state (spring constant a between a low spring constant and a high spring constant).

この状態では後輪１．１に作用する横力としてのコーナ
リングフォースによる弾性部材７ａ。In this state, the elastic member 7a is affected by the cornering force as a lateral force acting on the rear wheel 1.1.

７ａ′および７ｂ、７ｂ′のたわみ量は同じであり、旋
回時後輪のトー角変化は生じない。The amount of deflection of 7a', 7b, and 7b' is the same, and the toe angle of the rear wheel does not change when turning.

加速状態となって加速度センサ１９が加速度信号を発す
るとコントローラ２０が出力信号を発し、電動モータ９
が回転して軸６を反時計方向に４ｂ′回動させる。する
と前側と後側の弾性部材は軸６と一体となって各リンク
に対し４ｂ′反時計方向に回動変位し、第４図（ａ）に
示すように各リンクの主荷重入力方向に前側の弾性部材
７ａ、７ａ”は高いばね定数、後側の弾性部材７ｂ、７
ｂ′は低いばね定数の状態となる。この状態では後輪１
．１に作用する横力としてのコーナリングフォースによ
る弾性部材７ａ、７ａ′および７ｂ、７ｂ′（７）たわ
ミＦｔは、前側弾性部材７ａ、７ａ’の方が後側弾性部
材７ｂ、７ｂ’より小となり、外輪はトーアウト変化、
内輪はトーイン変化する。When the acceleration state is reached and the acceleration sensor 19 emits an acceleration signal, the controller 20 emits an output signal and the electric motor 9
rotates to rotate the shaft 6 counterclockwise 4b'. Then, the front and rear elastic members are rotated 4b' counterclockwise relative to each link together with the shaft 6, and as shown in FIG. The elastic members 7a, 7a'' have a high spring constant, and the rear elastic members 7b, 7
b' is in a state of low spring constant. In this condition, rear wheel 1
．． The deflection Ft of the elastic members 7a, 7a' and 7b, 7b' (7) due to the cornering force as a lateral force acting on the front elastic members 7a, 7a' is greater than that of the rear elastic members 7b, 7b'. becomes smaller, the outer ring changes toe out,
The inner ring changes due to toe-in.

一般に前輪を駆動輪とした自動車においては、加速中の
旋回はアンダステア傾向即ち次第に旋回半径が大きくな
って行く傾向となり危険である。Generally, in an automobile whose front wheels are driving wheels, turning during acceleration tends to understeer, that is, the turning radius gradually increases, which is dangerous.

そこで前輪駆動の自動車において、上記のように加速状
態では横力に対し前側弾性部材が高いばね定数、後側弾
性部材が低いばね定数となるよう弾性部材７を回動変位
させることにより加速旋回時は後輪の外輪がトーアウト
、内輪がトーイン変化し、後輪１．１は前輪の転舵方向
と逆方向にわずかに転舵された状態となるので、この後
輪１．１のトー角変化が上記アンダステア傾向を補正す
るよう作用し、旋回半径が変化しないステア特性を得る
ことができ、加速旋回時のアンダステア傾向およびそれ
に伴なう゛バ故発生等の危険を的確に防止することがで
きるものである。Therefore, in a front-wheel drive vehicle, the elastic member 7 is rotationally displaced so that the front elastic member has a high spring constant and the rear elastic member has a low spring constant in response to lateral force in the acceleration state as described above. The outer rear wheel changes toe out, the inner wheel changes toe in, and the rear wheel 1.1 is slightly steered in the opposite direction to the steering direction of the front wheels, so this change in the toe angle of the rear wheel 1.1 acts to correct the above-mentioned understeer tendency, can obtain steering characteristics in which the turning radius does not change, and can accurately prevent the understeer tendency during accelerated turns and the accompanying dangers such as the occurrence of backlash accidents. It is.

尚本発明においてはコントローラ２０に入力される情報
信号として上記加速度センサ１９による加速度信号に舵
角センサ、横加速度センサ或はヨーレイトセンサ等によ
る旋回信号を加えてコントローラ２０が加速旋回状態を
検知したときに出力信号を発して弾性部材７を第４図（
イ）の状態から第４図（ａ）の状態に回動変位させるよ
うにしても良い。In the present invention, a turning signal from a steering angle sensor, a lateral acceleration sensor, a yaw rate sensor, etc. is added to the acceleration signal from the acceleration sensor 19 as an information signal input to the controller 20, and when the controller 20 detects an accelerated turning state. An output signal is emitted to cause the elastic member 7 to move as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to make the rotational displacement from the state shown in a) to the state shown in FIG. 4(a).

又、加速度センサ１９に加え車速を検出して車速信号を
コントローラ２０に入力する車速センサを設け、加速時
以外の定常走行時には、車速に応じて前、後の弾性部材
７のばね定数の組合せを一変化させるようにすることも
できる。In addition to the acceleration sensor 19, a vehicle speed sensor is provided to detect the vehicle speed and input a vehicle speed signal to the controller 20, and during steady driving other than during acceleration, the combination of spring constants of the front and rear elastic members 7 is adjusted according to the vehicle speed. It is also possible to make one change.

その−例を第５図を参照して説明する。An example thereof will be explained with reference to FIG.

即ち低速走行時は第５図（イ）に示すように、各リンク
の主荷重入力方向即ち左右方向に前側弾性部材７ａ　、
　７ａ　”はばね定数が高く、後側弾性部材７ｂ、７ｂ
”は低いばね定数とし、旋回時後輪１，１に作用する横
力としてのコーナリングフォースによる弾性部材７のた
わみ量を、前側弾性部材７ａ、７ａ′より後側弾性部材
７ｂ、７ｂ′の方が大となるようにする。すると旋回時
は外輪はトーアウト、内輪はトーイン状態にトー角変化
する。このことは前輪の転舵方向とは逆方向に後輪が転
舵されたことになるので旋回性が良好となり、例えば車
庫入れ特等低速転舵時にとって最も好ましい特性を得る
ことができる。That is, when traveling at low speed, as shown in FIG. 5(a), the front elastic member 7a,
7a'' has a high spring constant, and the rear elastic members 7b, 7b
`` is a low spring constant, and the amount of deflection of the elastic member 7 due to the cornering force as a lateral force acting on the rear wheels 1, 1 when turning is determined to be smaller than the front elastic members 7a, 7a' in the rear elastic members 7b, 7b'. Then, when turning, the toe angle changes so that the outer wheel is toe-out and the inner wheel is toe-in.This means that the rear wheels are steered in the opposite direction to the direction in which the front wheels are steered. The turning performance is improved, and the most preferable characteristics can be obtained, for example, when turning at a low speed such as when parking in a garage.

中速走行時は、第５図（イ）の状５ｇから弾性部材７を
時計方向に４ｂ′回動変位させ第５図（Ｔ１）のように
前、後の弾性部材が左右方向に中間のばね定数をもった
状態としコーナリングフォースによるたわみ雫が前側と
後側の弾性部材共に同じとなるようにする。この状態で
はコーナリングフォースによるトー角変化はなく中速走
行時の操縦性向とをはかり得る。When running at medium speed, the elastic member 7 is rotated 4b' clockwise from the position 5g in Fig. 5 (A), and the front and rear elastic members are moved to the intermediate position in the left-right direction as shown in Fig. 5 (T1). The spring constant is set so that the deflection caused by cornering force is the same for both the front and rear elastic members. In this state, there is no toe angle change due to cornering force, and it is possible to measure the steering tendency during medium speed driving.

高速走行時は第５図（ａ）の状態から弾性部材７を更に
時計方向に４ｂ′回動変位させ、第５図（八）に示すよ
うに左右方向荷重に対し前側弾性部材７ａ、７ａ′は低
いばね定数、後側弾性部材７ｂ、７ｂ′は高いばね定数
とする。During high-speed driving, the elastic member 7 is further rotated 4b' clockwise from the state shown in FIG. has a low spring constant, and the rear elastic members 7b and 7b' have a high spring constant.

この状態では、コーナリングフォースによる弾性部材の
たわみ量は、前側が後側より大となり、外輪はトーイン
、内輪はトーアウトにそれぞれトー角変化する。このこ
とは前輪の転舵方向と同方向に後輪が転舵されたことに
なるので、高速走行時の安定性を著しく向上させること
ができる。In this state, the amount of deflection of the elastic member due to the cornering force is larger on the front side than on the rear side, and the toe angle changes such that the outer ring is toe-in and the inner ring is toe-out. This means that the rear wheels are steered in the same direction as the front wheels, so stability during high-speed driving can be significantly improved.

上記のようにして各車速域における最も好ましい特性に
制御することができるものである。As described above, it is possible to control the most preferable characteristics in each vehicle speed range.

尚図示実施例では前側弾性部材と後側弾性部材を共に電
動モータ９にて回転させてすべての弾性部材のばね定数
を変化させるようにした例を示しているが、前側弾性部
材と後側弾性部材のいずれか一方例えば前側弾性部材は
ばね定数が変化しない中間又は高いばね定数に設定して
おき、他方例えば後側弾性部材のみ電動モータ９の回転
によって回動させるよう構成し、加速時は後側弾性部材
を左右方向に低いばね定数とし、加速時以外の定常走行
時は後側弾性部材を°　左右方向に中間又は高いばね定
数とするようにしても良い。In the illustrated embodiment, both the front elastic member and the rear elastic member are rotated by the electric motor 9 to change the spring constants of all the elastic members. One of the members, for example, the front elastic member, is set to an intermediate or high spring constant where the spring constant does not change, and the other, for example, only the rear elastic member is configured to be rotated by the rotation of the electric motor 9. The side elastic members may have a low spring constant in the left-right direction, and the rear elastic member may have an intermediate or high spring constant in the left-right direction during steady running other than during acceleration.

又弾性部材を回動変位させるアクチュエータとしては、
電動モータに限らず、油圧式或はバキューム我等任意の
アクチュエータを採用し得る。Also, as an actuator for rotationally displacing an elastic member,
Not only an electric motor but also any hydraulic or vacuum actuator can be used.

発明の効果 上記のように構成した本発明によれば、パラレルリンク
式リヤサスペンションを備えた前輪駆動の自動車におい
て、前後のリンクの車体部材へのそれぞれの取付支持部
に介装される弾性部材の少なくとも一方の弾性部材を、
リンクの上下揺動中心まわりに回動させることにより該
リンクよりの荷重入力方向のばね定数が変化する構造に
構成すると共に、加速走行時該弾性部材をリンクに対し
回動変位させ加速旋回時後輪が前輪転舵方向とは逆方向
にトー角変化するようにしたことにより、加速旋回時に
おけるアンダステア傾向即ち旋回半径が大きくなって行
く傾向を上記後輪のトー角変化によって打消し旋回半径
が変化しないステア特性とすることができ、操縦性の向
上および安全性の向上をはかり得るものである。Effects of the Invention According to the present invention configured as described above, in a front-wheel drive automobile equipped with a parallel link type rear suspension, the elastic member interposed in each attachment support portion of the front and rear links to the vehicle body member is fixed. At least one elastic member,
By rotating the link around the vertical swing center, the spring constant in the direction of load input from the link is changed, and the elastic member is rotationally displaced relative to the link during accelerated driving, so that the elastic member is rotated relative to the link during accelerated turning. By changing the toe angle of the wheels in the opposite direction to the direction in which the front wheels are steered, the tendency of understeer, that is, the tendency of the turning radius to increase during acceleration turns, can be canceled out by the change in the toe angle of the rear wheels, and the turning radius can be increased. This allows the steering characteristics to remain unchanged, thereby improving maneuverability and safety.

又本発明では、弾性部材にばね定数の方向性をもたせ、
該弾性部材を単に回動させるだけで主荷重に対するばね
定数を任意に変更設定することができるので、全体構造
が極めて簡単となり、又はね定数の可変的制御を的確に
行うことができ、更に弾性部材の寿命低下を来すことな
く長期にわたり所期の機能を持続することができると共
に、弾性部材を回動変位させる手段には直接サスペンシ
ョン荷重が作用することがないので、万一アクチュエー
タ或はアクチュ二一夕から弾性部材に至る回動伝達機構
に故障が生じ弾性部材を回動させることができなくなっ
たとしても走行機走にはほとんど支障がなく安全面にお
いても極めて好ましいものであり、実用上多大の効果を
もたらし得るものである。Further, in the present invention, the elastic member has a directionality of a spring constant,
The spring constant for the main load can be arbitrarily changed and set by simply rotating the elastic member, so the overall structure is extremely simple, or the spring constant can be accurately controlled, and the elastic It is possible to maintain the desired function for a long period of time without reducing the service life of the member, and since the suspension load does not directly act on the means for rotationally displacing the elastic member, the actuator or actuator Even if there is a failure in the rotation transmission mechanism that connects the elastic member and the elastic member cannot be rotated, there is almost no problem with the running of the traveling machine, and it is extremely desirable from a safety perspective. This can have a huge effect.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図（４）　　、　（ａ）は本発明の実施例を示す平
面説明図および正面説明図、第２図（イ）。 （０）は本発明において使用される弾性部材の構造例を
それぞれ示す正面図、第３図（イ）。 （０）は第１図におけるリンクの車体側部材への取付支
持部の具体的構造例を示す横断平面図および正面図、第
４図（４）　　、　（ｏ）および第５図（４）　　、　
（ａ＞　　、　（ハ）はリンクの車体側部材への取付支
持部に介装された前側左右および後側左右の４個の弾性
部材の回動制御態様例を示す正面図であって、第４図（
イ）、（ｏ）は加速度に応じた制ｇｌ態様例、第５図（
イ）、（ａ）、（ハ）は車速に応じたＦｕｌ　ｉ　５Ｂ
様例をそれぞれ示している。 １・・・後輪、２，３・・・リンク、５・・・車体側部
材、６・・・軸、７・・・弾性部材、９・・・電動モー
タ、１９・・・７’ＪＩＩ　Ｍ　度センサ、２０・・・
コントローラ。 以　　　ＬFIG. 1(4), (a) is an explanatory plan view and an explanatory front view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2(a). (0) is a front view showing a structural example of the elastic member used in the present invention, and FIG. 3 (A). (0) is a cross-sectional plan view and a front view showing a specific structural example of the attachment support part of the link to the vehicle body side member in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 (4), (o) and FIG. 5 (4),
(a> and (c) are front views showing an example of the rotation control mode of four elastic members on the front left and right and the rear left and right that are interposed in the attachment support part for the link to the vehicle body side member; Figure 4 (
A) and (o) are examples of gl control modes according to acceleration, and Fig. 5 (
A), (a), and (c) are Ful i 5B according to vehicle speed.
Examples are shown for each. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Rear wheel, 2, 3... Link, 5... Vehicle body side member, 6... Shaft, 7... Elastic member, 9... Electric motor, 19... 7'JII M degree sensor, 20...
controller. More L

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）、後輪を支持する前側リンクと後側リンクをそれ
ぞれ弾性部材を介して車体側部材に上下揺動可能なるよ
う取付支持したパラレルリンク式リヤサスペンションを
装備した前輪駆動形式の自動車において、上記前、後の
各リンクの車体側部材への取付支持部にそれぞれ介装さ
れる前側および後側の弾性部材のうち少なくともいずれ
か一方の弾性部材を、リンクの揺動中心線まわりに回動
させることにより該リンクの荷重入力方向のばね定数が
変化する構造に構成すると共に、加速走行時加速度に応
じて該弾性部材をリンクに対し回動変位させリンクの荷
重入力方向に対し前側弾性部材のばね定数より後側弾性
部材のばね定数が低くなるようにするアクチュエータを
設けたことを特徴とする自動車用リヤサスペンション。(1) In a front-wheel drive type automobile equipped with a parallel link type rear suspension in which the front and rear links supporting the rear wheels are respectively attached and supported via elastic members to the vehicle body side members so as to be able to swing up and down, Rotate at least one of the front and rear elastic members interposed in the mounting support portion of each of the front and rear links to the vehicle body side member about the swing center line of the link. The spring constant of the link in the load input direction is changed by changing the spring constant in the load input direction of the link, and the front elastic member is rotationally displaced with respect to the link in accordance with the acceleration during acceleration traveling. A rear suspension for an automobile, comprising an actuator that makes the spring constant of the rear elastic member lower than the spring constant of the rear elastic member. （２）、後輪を支持する前側リンクと後側リンクをそれ
ぞれ弾性部材を介して車体側部材に上下揺動可能なるよ
う取付支持したパラレルリンク式リヤサスペンションを
装備した前輪駆動形式の自動車において、車体側部材に
回転可能なるよう取付けた軸に、それぞれ一方向のばね
定数は高くそれと直交する方向は低いばね定数とした前
側と後側の弾性部材を互いに９０°位相をずらせた状態
にてそれぞれ固着し、該前側と後側の弾性部材の外周に
前側と後側のリンクの基端部を相対的に回動可能なるよ
うそれぞれ嵌装し、上記軸を自動車の加速度に応じて回
動させるアクチュエータを設け、該アクチュエータの作
動にて軸及び軸に固着された前、後の弾性部材が回動し
て加速走行時リンクよりの荷重入力方向の弾性部材のば
ね定数を、前側弾性部材は高く後側弾性部材は低くなる
ようにしたことを特徴とする自動車用リヤサスペンショ
ン。(2) In a front wheel drive type automobile equipped with a parallel link type rear suspension in which the front link and the rear link supporting the rear wheels are respectively attached and supported via elastic members to the vehicle body side member so as to be able to swing up and down, The front and rear elastic members, each with a high spring constant in one direction and a low spring constant in the perpendicular direction, are attached to a shaft that is rotatably attached to a member on the vehicle body side, with their phases shifted by 90° from each other. The base ends of the front and rear links are fitted onto the outer peripheries of the front and rear elastic members so as to be relatively rotatable, and the shafts are rotated in accordance with the acceleration of the vehicle. An actuator is provided, and when the actuator operates, the shaft and the front and rear elastic members fixed to the shaft rotate, and the front elastic member has a higher spring constant in the direction of load input from the link during acceleration running. A rear suspension for an automobile, characterized in that a rear elastic member is lowered.
JP13443086A 1986-06-10 1986-06-10 Rear suspension for automobile Pending JPS62289413A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13443086A JPS62289413A (en) 1986-06-10 1986-06-10 Rear suspension for automobile
US07/056,872 US4732407A (en) 1986-06-10 1987-06-01 Suspension system for a motor vehicle
DE19873719327 DE3719327A1 (en) 1986-06-10 1987-06-10 WHEEL SUSPENSION FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13443086A JPS62289413A (en) 1986-06-10 1986-06-10 Rear suspension for automobile

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62289413A true JPS62289413A (en) 1987-12-16

Family

ID=15128192

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP13443086A Pending JPS62289413A (en) 1986-06-10 1986-06-10 Rear suspension for automobile

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62289413A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1518779A3 (en) * 2003-09-29 2006-02-01 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Alignment control device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1518779A3 (en) * 2003-09-29 2006-02-01 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Alignment control device

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