JPS62217571A - Fuel cell - Google Patents
Fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62217571A JPS62217571A JP61059291A JP5929186A JPS62217571A JP S62217571 A JPS62217571 A JP S62217571A JP 61059291 A JP61059291 A JP 61059291A JP 5929186 A JP5929186 A JP 5929186A JP S62217571 A JPS62217571 A JP S62217571A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- cell
- plate
- shape memory
- cell stack
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 102
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 13
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002777 columnar cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［発明の目的］
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、燃料電池に関するもので必り、待に素電池を
積層して成るセルスタックの締付は構造に改良を施した
燃料電池に係るものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Objective of the Invention] (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to fuel cells, and it is necessary to improve the structure of the tightening of a cell stack formed by stacking unit cells. This is related to the fuel cell that was developed.
（従来の技術）
燃料電池は、燃料の持つ化学エネルギーを電気化学プロ
セスで酸化させることにより、酸化反応に伴って放出さ
れるエネルギーを直接電気エネルギーに変換する装置で
ある。この燃料電池を用いた発電プラントは、比較的小
さな規模でも、発電の熱効率が４０〜５０％にも達し、
新鋭火力を遥かにしのぐと期待されている。更に、近年
大ぎな社会問題になっている公害要因であるＳＯＸ、Ｎ
Ｏｘの排出が極めて少ない、発電装置内に燃焼サイクル
を含まないので大量の冷却水を必要としない、（騒動が
小さい等、原理的に高いエネルギー変換効率が期待でき
ると共に、騒音・廃棄ガス等の環境問題が少なく、更に
、負荷変動に対して応答性が良い等の特徴があることか
ら、その開発・実用化の研究に期待と関心が寄せられて
いる。(Prior Art) A fuel cell is a device that directly converts the energy released as a result of the oxidation reaction into electrical energy by oxidizing the chemical energy of fuel through an electrochemical process. A power generation plant using this fuel cell has a thermal efficiency of 40 to 50% in power generation, even on a relatively small scale.
It is expected to far surpass new firepower. Furthermore, SOX and N, which are pollution factors that have become a major social problem in recent years,
Emissions of Ox are extremely low, the power generation equipment does not include a combustion cycle, so it does not require large amounts of cooling water (low noise, etc.), and high energy conversion efficiency can be expected in principle. Because it causes few environmental problems and has good responsiveness to load fluctuations, there are expectations and interest in research into its development and practical application.
この様な燃料電池発電プラントのうち小規模のものは、
すでに試作され実験運転の段階に入っている。しかし、
大容量の燃料電池発電プラントの実用化への最大の技術
的問題は、燃料電池の単器容量をなるべく大きくしてコ
ストを下げると共に、セルスタックを構成する素電池の
締付構造を程度の高いものとすることにより、以下に長
期に渡って高出力を維持させ燃料電池本体の長瀞命化を
図るかにかかっている。Among these fuel cell power generation plants, small-scale ones are
A prototype has already been produced and is in the experimental operation stage. but,
The biggest technical problem in putting a large-capacity fuel cell power generation plant into practical use is to reduce costs by increasing the unit capacity of the fuel cell as much as possible, and to improve the tightening structure of the unit cells that make up the cell stack. By doing so, it is important to maintain high output over a long period of time and extend the lifespan of the fuel cell itself.
第４図は、この様な燃料電池の原理を示す断面模型図で
ある。同図において、１組の多孔質電極１の間に、リン
酸等の電解液を含浸ざぜた電解質層２を介在させて素電
池３が形成され、この素電池の両端面に水素ガス１」と
空気Ａが連続して供給される様になっている。この様に
構成すると、反応生成物及び反応残余物りが外部に連続
して除去されるので、長期に渡って発電を継続できる。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional model diagram showing the principle of such a fuel cell. In the figure, a unit cell 3 is formed by interposing an electrolyte layer 2 impregnated with an electrolyte such as phosphoric acid between a pair of porous electrodes 1, and a hydrogen gas 1'' is applied to both end surfaces of the unit cell. and air A are continuously supplied. With this configuration, reaction products and reaction residues are continuously removed to the outside, so power generation can be continued for a long period of time.
この様な燃料電池の基本構成を第５図に示す。The basic configuration of such a fuel cell is shown in FIG.
同図において、電解マトリックス層４の両側に正極５Ｐ
及び負極５Ｍが配設されて四角形の板状をなす素電池３
が形成されている。この素電池３を発電装置として使用
するために、多数の素電池３が直列に結合されて積層さ
れているが、これら素電池３の間には、ガスを供給する
ための溝を設けたインタコネクタ６が配設され、前記素
電池３と交互に積重ねられている。この溝付きインタコ
ネクタ６には、対向する２面に開口する複数の溝が設け
られており、片面の溝を流路とする水素ガス流路７と、
反対側の面の溝を流路とする９気流路８とが、互いに直
交する方向に配列されている。In the figure, positive electrodes 5P are placed on both sides of the electrolytic matrix layer 4.
and a unit cell 3 having a rectangular plate shape in which a negative electrode 5M is arranged.
is formed. In order to use this unit cell 3 as a power generation device, a large number of unit cells 3 are connected in series and stacked, but between these unit cells 3 there is an interface provided with a groove for supplying gas. Connectors 6 are provided and stacked alternately with the unit cells 3. This grooved interconnector 6 is provided with a plurality of grooves that open on two opposing sides, and a hydrogen gas flow path 7 whose flow path is the groove on one side,
Nine air flow paths 8 whose flow paths are grooves on the opposite surface are arranged in directions orthogonal to each other.
ところで、現在開発が進められている燃料電池Ｎは、第
６図（Ａ＞（Ｂ）に示ずごとく、上記の様な素電池３を
四角柱状に複数個積層してセルスタック９が構成され、
その四周には、反応ガス供給用マニホールド１０が取付
けられている。このマニホールド１０には、それぞれ水
素ガス供給管１１、水素ガス排出管１２、突気供給管１
３、空気排出管１４が接続されており、水素ガス及び空
気は、セルスタック９内をそれぞれ矢印Ａ、Ｂの方向に
流れる様に設計されている。また、セルスタック９の運
転温度は、反応論的には高い方が好ましいが、構成材料
の耐熱性や電解質の蒸気圧等の制約から２００ ’Ｃ前
後に維持することが望ましい。このため、セルスタック
９内に冷却用の導管を埋設し、この導管内に冷却水を循
環させて、燃料電池起動時の加熱と、運転中に発生する
熱との冷却を行っている。即ち、この型の燃料電池では
、第６図（Ａ＞に示す様に、冷却水供給管１５及び冷却
水排出管１６が配設され、冷却水は、セルスタック９内
を破線Ｃの様に循環する。ざらに、燃料電池Ｎの出力は
、直流でセルスタック９の上下端に配設された電力端子
（正極）１７、電力端子（負極）１８から、接続導体１
９及びブッシング２０を介してタンク２１外に引出され
る。Incidentally, in the fuel cell N currently under development, as shown in FIG. ,
Reactant gas supply manifolds 10 are attached to the four peripheries thereof. This manifold 10 includes a hydrogen gas supply pipe 11, a hydrogen gas discharge pipe 12, and a gust supply pipe 1, respectively.
3. An air exhaust pipe 14 is connected, and hydrogen gas and air are designed to flow within the cell stack 9 in the directions of arrows A and B, respectively. Furthermore, although it is preferable for the operating temperature of the cell stack 9 to be high in terms of reaction theory, it is desirable to maintain it at around 200'C due to constraints such as the heat resistance of the constituent materials and the vapor pressure of the electrolyte. For this reason, a cooling conduit is embedded within the cell stack 9, and cooling water is circulated within the conduit to cool the heating at the time of starting the fuel cell and the heat generated during operation. That is, in this type of fuel cell, a cooling water supply pipe 15 and a cooling water discharge pipe 16 are arranged as shown in FIG. Roughly speaking, the output of the fuel cell N is a direct current from the power terminal (positive electrode) 17 and the power terminal (negative electrode) 18 arranged at the upper and lower ends of the cell stack 9 to the connecting conductor 1.
9 and the bushing 20 to the outside of the tank 21.
また、セルスタック９の上下端の各外面には、それぞれ
集極板２２及び絶縁板２３を介して締付板２４が配設さ
れ、締付板２４の外面には、複数組の朋ばね２５が並べ
て配置されている。これらの皿ばね２５の外面には、放
射状に四方向の腕を持つ星形の押え板２７が配設され、
その台腕の先端部に挿入された締付ロッド２６及びその
端部のナラ１〜２８から成る締付部材によって、セルス
タック９を構成するその端部のナツト２８から成る締付
部材によって、セルスタック９を構成する素電池３が上
下から締付けられている。Furthermore, a clamping plate 24 is disposed on each outer surface of the upper and lower ends of the cell stack 9 via a collector plate 22 and an insulating plate 23, respectively, and a plurality of sets of frame springs 25 are arranged on the outer surface of the clamping plate 24. are arranged side by side. A star-shaped presser plate 27 having arms in four radial directions is disposed on the outer surface of these disc springs 25.
A tightening member consisting of a tightening rod 26 inserted into the tip of the base arm and nuts 1 to 28 at the end thereof, and a tightening member consisting of a nut 28 at the end constituting the cell stack 9, The unit cells 3 constituting the stack 9 are tightened from above and below.
この押え板２７は、第６図（Ａ）に示した様に、放射状
の腕部が、四角柱状セルスタック９の対角線方向に伸び
る様に配置され、各締付ロッド２６がマニホールド１０
の取付は作業に支障を及ぼさない様に構成されている。As shown in FIG. 6(A), this holding plate 27 is arranged so that the radial arms extend in the diagonal direction of the square columnar cell stack 9, and each tightening rod 26 is connected to the manifold 10.
The installation is designed so as not to interfere with the work.
また、押え板２７の中央部には、電力端子１７を引出す
ための孔２７ａが設けられている。Further, a hole 27a for pulling out the power terminal 17 is provided in the center of the holding plate 27.
なあ、以上の様な燃料電池Ｎの中身を収納したタンク２
１内には、マニホールド１０ヤその他からの反応カスの
漏れを抑制するために窒素ガス等が封入されている。Hey, tank 2 that stores the contents of fuel cell N as described above.
1 is filled with nitrogen gas or the like in order to suppress leakage of reaction residue from the manifold 10 and other parts.
この様な溝成を有する燃料電池では、出力を維持するた
めに適度の締付力を保持して、単電池間の電気的接触抵
抗値を低減させると共に、インタコネクタ６を素電池３
とインタコネクタ６とを密接させて直父する反応ガスが
混合しない様にする必要がある一方、素電池３の強度を
考慮して所定の締付力が生じる様に溝成しなければなら
ない。In a fuel cell having such a groove configuration, an appropriate tightening force is maintained to maintain the output, and the electrical contact resistance value between the cells is reduced, and the interconnector 6 is connected to the cell 3.
It is necessary to bring the interconnector 6 and the interconnector 6 into close contact with each other to prevent the reactant gases from mixing with each other, and at the same time, the groove must be formed in such a way that a predetermined tightening force is generated in consideration of the strength of the unit cell 3.
従って、セルスタック９の締付平面を均一に締付ける必
要から、締付板２４の厚さは、変形防止のために厚くさ
れている。また、電池の起動から運転にかけての熱変動
によるスタック膨脹差は、皿ばね２５によって吸収され
る様になっている。Therefore, since it is necessary to uniformly tighten the tightening plane of the cell stack 9, the thickness of the tightening plate 24 is increased to prevent deformation. Further, the difference in stack expansion due to thermal fluctuations from battery startup to operation is absorbed by the disc spring 25.
なお、この種の燃料電池としては、例えば特開昭６０−
９３７６５号公報の発明が知られている。Note that this type of fuel cell is, for example, disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1986-
The invention disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 93765 is known.
ところで、第６図（Ａ＞（Ｂ）に示した様７：ｉ′燃料
電池において、その単器容量は、素電池３の面積とその
積層個数に比例する。従って、燃料電池の大容量を図る
ためには、素電池３の面積又は積層個数を増大させなけ
ればならない。この場合、まず、面積について考慮する
ならば、素電池３を構成する多孔質電極板は、全面均一
の厚さに成形する製作上の制約や、外力に対し脆い材質
であることからの積層作業の制約、ざらには、全面均一
な締付力を得る上での制約等により、その面積、従って
素電池３の面積を大幅に増大することは技１ボｉ上困難
である。また、素電池３の積層枚数についても、輸送上
の制約或いは積層作業の制約等のため、その増大には限
界がある。以上の理由により、セルスタック１個当たり
の各組は、２００〜５００ｋｗに抑制される。従って、
大容量の燃料電池発電プラントの実用化に際しては、数
十個或いは数百個の燃料電池を併設する必要がある。By the way, in the 7:i' fuel cell shown in FIG. 6 (A > (B)), the unit capacity is proportional to the area of the unit cells 3 and the number of stacked cells. Therefore, the large capacity of the fuel cell is In order to achieve this, it is necessary to increase the area or the number of stacked cells of the unit cell 3. In this case, first of all, considering the area, the porous electrode plate constituting the unit cell 3 must have a uniform thickness over the entire surface. Due to manufacturing constraints during molding, constraints on lamination work due to the material being brittle against external forces, and constraints on obtaining uniform tightening force over the entire surface, the area and therefore the size of the unit cell 3 are limited. It is technically difficult to significantly increase the area.Also, there is a limit to the increase in the number of stacked cells 3 due to transportation constraints, stacking work constraints, etc. For this reason, each set per cell stack is suppressed to 200 to 500 kW.Therefore,
In order to put a large-capacity fuel cell power generation plant into practical use, it is necessary to install several tens or hundreds of fuel cells.
ところが、燃料電池Ｎにおいて、セルスタック９と鉄１
８！製の締付ロッド２６とでは、熱膨張係数に大きな差
がおり、また温度上昇差も生ずることから、各組拡大の
ためにセルスタック９の高さを増大ざぜた場合、例えば
セルスタック高さ３ｍ、セルスタック温度２００℃とし
た場合、セルスタック９は、締付ロッド２６より十数ｍ
ｍ以上も大きく膨張してしまう。この膨脹差を吸収する
ためには、膨大な枚数の皿ばね２５を直列に重ね、全体
としてぞのばね定数を低減させる様対処しなければなら
ない。しかし、皿ばね２５の枚数を極端に多くすると、
タンク２１内に占める皿ばね２５の高さが大幅に増大し
、相対的にセルスタック９の高ざを低減ざぜなければな
らなくなる。その上、熱変動に伴うばね特性上ヒスプリ
シス現象が現れ、これによって所定のばね特性を得るこ
とが困難となり、セルスタック９の締付力は、熱変動に
伴って大ぎく変動する。その結果、素電池３を構成する
多孔質電極板を圧壊したり、或いは締付力の低下を引起
こすこととなる。この締付力の低下によって、素電池３
抵抗値が増大し、電圧降下が大きくなり、発電効率が低
下するばかりでなく、素電池３間のシールが不完全とな
り、反応ガスが混合して直接燃焼現象を生じて運転野命
を低下させるという問題点があった。However, in the fuel cell N, the cell stack 9 and the iron 1
8! There is a large difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion and a difference in temperature rise between the tightening rods 26 made of 3 m, and the cell stack temperature is 200°C, the cell stack 9 is more than ten meters away from the tightening rod 26.
It expands by more than m. In order to absorb this difference in expansion, it is necessary to stack a huge number of disc springs 25 in series to reduce the spring constant of each spring as a whole. However, if the number of disc springs 25 is extremely increased,
The height of the disc spring 25 that occupies the tank 21 increases significantly, and the height of the cell stack 9 must be relatively reduced. In addition, a hysteresis phenomenon appears in the spring characteristics due to thermal fluctuations, making it difficult to obtain predetermined spring characteristics, and the tightening force of the cell stack 9 fluctuates greatly due to thermal fluctuations. As a result, the porous electrode plates constituting the unit cell 3 may be crushed or the tightening force may be reduced. Due to this decrease in tightening force, the unit battery 3
The resistance value increases, the voltage drop increases, and the power generation efficiency not only decreases, but also the seal between the unit cells 3 becomes incomplete, and the reaction gases mix, causing a direct combustion phenomenon and reducing the operational life. There was a problem.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
上記の様に、従来の燃料電池では、単器谷口を大ぎくし
た場合、熱変動に伴うセルスタックの締付力の変動によ
り、電極板を圧壊したり、発電効率を低下させる等の問
題点を生じていた。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, in conventional fuel cells, if the unit valley opening is greatly tightened, the electrode plate may be crushed due to fluctuations in the tightening force of the cell stack due to thermal fluctuations. , which caused problems such as reduced power generation efficiency.
本発明は、以上の様な問題点を解消するために提案され
たものであり、その目的は、セルスタックの締付梠造を
改良し、よりコンパクトな構成で熱変動に対して一定の
締付力を保持可能とすることにより、単器容量を増大さ
せ、発電効率を向上し且つ運転庁命の長い燃料電池を提
供することでおる。The present invention was proposed in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to improve the tightening structure of the cell stack and achieve constant tightening against thermal fluctuations with a more compact structure. By making it possible to maintain the applied force, it is possible to increase the unit capacity, improve power generation efficiency, and provide a fuel cell with a long operating life.
［発明の構成］
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明における第１の発明は、締付板と押え板との間に
皿ばねを配設する代りに、燃料電池の運転温度にて締ｆ
ｌロットとセルスタックとの膨脹差を吸収する寸法形状
に製作加工され且つ燃料電池の組立温度にて組立時の寸
法形状に整形された形状記憶合金を配設したことを特徴
とするものである。[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) The first aspect of the present invention is that instead of disposing a disc spring between the clamping plate and the holding plate, Tighten f
It is characterized by disposing a shape memory alloy that is manufactured and processed into a size and shape that absorbs the difference in expansion between the lot and the cell stack, and which is shaped into the size and shape at the time of assembly at the assembly temperature of the fuel cell. .
また、本発明の第２の発明は、締付板と押え板との間の
皿ばねを省略し、締付ロッドの一部に、燃ｆｉｌ電池の
運転温度にて締付ロッドとセルスタックとの膨脹差を吸
収する寸法形状に製作加工され且つ燃料電池の組立温度
にて組立時の寸法形状に整形された形状記憶合金を取付
けたことを特徴とするもので必る。In addition, the second invention of the present invention omits the disc spring between the clamping plate and the holding plate, and a part of the clamping rod is provided with the clamping rod and the cell stack at the operating temperature of the fuel filtration battery. The fuel cell is characterized in that a shape memory alloy is manufactured and processed to have a size and shape that absorbs the difference in expansion of the fuel cell, and is shaped at the assembly temperature of the fuel cell to the size and shape at the time of assembly.
（作用）
以上の様な構成を有することにより、第１、第２の発明
においては、共に、熱変動を形状記憶合金で吸収できる
ため、常に一定の締付力を維持できる。特に、単器容量
の大容量化を図る際には、朋ばねを多数枚重ねる代わり
に小型の形状記憶合金を配設するだけの構成でおるため
、セルスタックの積層寸法を相対的に拡大でき、弔位容
積当たりの容量が増大する。(Function) With the above-described configuration, in both the first and second inventions, thermal fluctuations can be absorbed by the shape memory alloy, so a constant tightening force can be maintained at all times. In particular, when trying to increase the capacity of a single unit, the stacked dimensions of the cell stack can be relatively enlarged because the structure only requires placing a small shape memory alloy instead of stacking many springs. , the capacity per burial volume increases.
（実施例）
進んで、第１、第２の発明の実施例を図面に基づいて具
体的に説明する。なお、第４図乃至第６図（Ａ＞（Ｂ）
にて説明した従来技術と同一の部材については、同一符
号を付し説明を省略する。(Embodiments) Next, embodiments of the first and second inventions will be specifically described based on the drawings. In addition, Figs. 4 to 6 (A>(B)
Components that are the same as those in the prior art described in 2 are given the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
■第１の発明 まず、本発明における第１の発明の詳細な説明する。■First invention First, the first aspect of the present invention will be explained in detail.
第１図（Ａ）〜（Ｃ）は、第１の発明の一実施例を示す
ものであり、＠６図（Ａ＞（Ｂ）に示した皿ばね２５を
形状記・１合金２９に置換えた構成となっている。第１
図（Ｂ）に示す様に、電池３を四角柱状に積層して成る
セルスタック９の上下方向外面には、従来と同様、集電
板２２、絶縁板２３、締付板２４が順に配設されており
、この締付板２４の外面に円柱状をした複数の形状記憶
合金２９が並べて配置されている。これらの形状記憶合
金２９は、第１図（Ｃ）で示す様に、燃料電池運転温度
にて、燃料電池組立時の高ざＨに締付ロッド２６の伸び
Ｘとセルスタック９の伸びＹとの差を配慮した寸法りに
製作加工して記憶させられており、燃料電池組立温度に
て組立時の高さＨに整形されている。なお、図中実線Ｐ
は燃料電池組立時の状態、２点鎖線Ｑは燃料電池運転時
の状態をそれぞれ示している。Figures 1 (A) to (C) show an embodiment of the first invention, in which the disc spring 25 shown in Figure 6 (A > (B)) is replaced with a shape 1 alloy 29. The structure is as follows.
As shown in Figure (B), a current collecting plate 22, an insulating plate 23, and a clamping plate 24 are arranged in this order on the outer surface in the vertical direction of the cell stack 9, which is made up of batteries 3 stacked in a rectangular column shape. A plurality of cylindrical shape memory alloys 29 are arranged side by side on the outer surface of this tightening plate 24. As shown in FIG. 1(C), these shape memory alloys 29 have the following characteristics: at the operating temperature of the fuel cell, the height H when the fuel cell is assembled, the elongation X of the tightening rod 26 and the elongation Y of the cell stack 9. It is manufactured and stored in dimensions that take into consideration the difference in height, and is shaped to the height H at the time of assembly at the fuel cell assembly temperature. In addition, the solid line P in the figure
indicates the state when the fuel cell is assembled, and the two-dot chain line Q indicates the state when the fuel cell is in operation.
また、これらの形状記憶合金２９の外側には、放射状に
四方向の腕を有する押え板２７が配設され、その台腕の
先端部には、締付ロッド２６が挿入され、ナツト２８で
締付固定されている。なお、この押え仮２７は、第１図
（Ａ＞に示す様に、従来と同様、その腕が、セルスタッ
ク９の対角線方向に伸びるように配置され、各締付ロッ
ド２６がマニホールド１０取付は作業に支障を及ぼさな
い様に構成されている。Further, on the outside of these shape memory alloys 29, a holding plate 27 having arms in four radial directions is disposed, and a tightening rod 26 is inserted into the tip of the base arm and tightened with a nut 28. Fixed. As shown in FIG. 1 (A>), this temporary presser foot 27 is arranged so that its arms extend in the diagonal direction of the cell stack 9, as in the conventional case, and each tightening rod 26 is connected to the manifold 10. It is constructed in such a way that it does not interfere with work.
以上の様な構成を有する本実施例の燃料電池においては
、形状記憶合金の持つ特性により、いがなる熱変動にお
いても、常に一定の締付力を維持でき、単器容量の増大
が可能となる。また、不実施例では従来の様に締付板２
４と押え板２７との間に皿ばね２５を挿入していないた
め、タンク高さをこの分だけ縮小すれば燃料電池のコン
バク１へ化を実現でき、逆に同寸法のタンクを使用する
場合には、セルスタック９の高さを高くすることで電池
の単器容量を増大できる。さらに、本実施例ではタンク
２１がドーム型をしており、中央部が高くなっているの
で、形状記憶合金２９をできるだけ中央よりに配置する
ことで、タンク２１内のスペースを有効利用でき、この
点でも燃料電池のコンパクト化及び単器容量の増大に貢
献できる。In the fuel cell of this example having the above configuration, due to the characteristics of the shape memory alloy, a constant clamping force can be maintained at all times even under thermal fluctuations, making it possible to increase the unit capacity. Become. In addition, in the non-implemented example, the tightening plate 2 is
Since the disc spring 25 is not inserted between the convex spring 25 and the holding plate 27, it is possible to convert the fuel cell into the compact 1 by reducing the height of the tank by this amount.On the other hand, if a tank of the same size is used In this case, by increasing the height of the cell stack 9, the unit capacity of the battery can be increased. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the tank 21 has a dome shape, and the center part is high, so by arranging the shape memory alloy 29 as close to the center as possible, the space inside the tank 21 can be used effectively. This also contributes to making the fuel cell more compact and increasing the unit capacity.
加えて、一定の締付力を維持できることにより１、素電
池３の抵抗値が増大することはなく、従って、発電効率
が向上している。また、素電池３間のシールも確実に保
持されるため、反応ガスが混合して直接燃焼現象を生ず
る恐れもなく、運転庁命の長期化が可能となる。In addition, since a constant tightening force can be maintained, 1. the resistance value of the unit cell 3 does not increase, and therefore the power generation efficiency is improved. Furthermore, since the seal between the unit cells 3 is reliably maintained, there is no fear that reaction gases will mix and cause direct combustion, and the operating life can be extended.
なお、第１の発明は、前記実施例に限定されるものでは
なく、第２図に示す様に、締付板２４の外面に、締付板
２４と同寸法の形状記憶合金３０を一部材のみ配設する
構成も可能であり、この場合には、形状記憶合金を複数
とした場合に生ずる加工誤差による特性の近いがなくな
るため、より均一な締付力を得られる。。Note that the first invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and as shown in FIG. It is also possible to arrange only one shape memory alloy, and in this case, a more uniform tightening force can be obtained since the characteristics are not similar due to processing errors that occur when a plurality of shape memory alloys are used. .
■第２の発明
次に、本発明の第２発明における実施例を第３図（Ａ）
（Ｂ）に壜づいて説明する。■Second invention Next, FIG. 3(A) shows an embodiment of the second invention of the present invention.
Let me explain using bottle (B).
第３図（Ｂ）に示すごとく、本実施例では、セルスタッ
ク９の外面に、集電板２２、絶縁板２３、締付板２４が
順に配設され、この締付板２４の外面に直接押え板２７
か配設されている。そして、この押え板２７の腕の先端
に挿入されて両側の押え板２７間の締付ロッド２６の中
央の一部には、形状記憶合金３１が取付けられている。As shown in FIG. 3(B), in this embodiment, a current collector plate 22, an insulating plate 23, and a clamping plate 24 are arranged in this order on the outer surface of the cell stack 9, and directly on the outer surface of the clamping plate 24. Presser plate 27
or is arranged. A shape memory alloy 31 is attached to a part of the center of the tightening rod 26 which is inserted into the tip of the arm of the holding plate 27 and is between the holding plates 27 on both sides.
この形状記憶合金３１は、燃料電池運転温度にて、セル
スタック９と締付ロッド２６の伸び寸法の差だけ膨張す
る様に製作加工してぞの形状を記憶され、燃料電池組立
温度にて組立て時の寸法に整形されたものでおる。This shape memory alloy 31 is manufactured and processed so that it expands by the difference in the elongation dimensions of the cell stack 9 and the tightening rod 26 at the fuel cell operating temperature, so that its shape is memorized, and it is assembled at the fuel cell assembly temperature. It has been shaped to the dimensions of the time.
以上の様に構成された本実施例によれば、燃４′３［電
池の運転時に温度が上昇した際には、形状記憶合金３１
がセルスタック９と締付ロット２６との伸び寸法の差だ
（プ膨張するため、これによってセルスタック９と締（
１０ツト２６との相対変位が吸収され、セルスタック９
の締付力は一定に保持される。また、運転停止時に温度
が加工した際には、形状記憶合金３１が組立て時の状態
に収縮するため、この場合にもセルスタックつと締付ロ
ッド２６との相対変異が吸収され、セルスタック９の締
付力は一定に保持される。According to this embodiment configured as described above, when the temperature rises during operation of the battery, the shape memory alloy 31
is the difference in elongation size between the cell stack 9 and the tightening rod 26 (due to expansion, this causes the difference between the cell stack 9 and the tightening rod 26).
The relative displacement with the cell stack 9 is absorbed, and the cell stack 9
The clamping force is kept constant. In addition, when the temperature changes when the operation is stopped, the shape memory alloy 31 contracts to the state at the time of assembly, so in this case as well, the relative displacement between the cell stack 9 and the tightening rod 26 is absorbed, and the cell stack 9 The clamping force is kept constant.
従って、本実施例においても、前記第１の発明の各実施
例と同様に、熱変動に対して安定した締付力を維持でき
るため、燃料電池のコンパクト化や単器容量の増大に貢
献できる。Therefore, in this embodiment as well, as in each embodiment of the first invention, a stable tightening force can be maintained against thermal fluctuations, which contributes to making the fuel cell more compact and increasing the unit capacity. .
なお、第２の発明は、前記実施例に限定されるものでは
なく、締付ロッド２６の中央部に配設される形状記憶合
金の数を複数とすることも可能でおる。Note that the second invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and it is also possible to provide a plurality of shape memory alloys disposed in the center of the tightening rod 26.
［発明の効果］
以上説明した様に、本発明では、セルスタックの締付手
段中に、燃料電池の運転時と組立て時とで異なる形状寸
法を記憶された形状記憶合金を使用するという構成によ
り、熱変動に対して一定の締付力を維持できるため、単
器容量の増大、発電効率の向上、及び運転寿命の長期化
を実現した燃料電池を提供できる。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the present invention uses a shape memory alloy in the cell stack tightening means that memorizes different shapes and dimensions depending on when the fuel cell is in operation and when it is assembled. Since it is possible to maintain a constant tightening force against thermal fluctuations, it is possible to provide a fuel cell that has increased unit capacity, improved power generation efficiency, and extended operating life.
第１図（Ａ）〜（Ｃ）はそれぞれ第１の発明における一
実施例を示す平面図、縦断面図、及び要部拡大図、第２
図は第１の発明の他の実施例を示す要部拡大図、第３図
（Ａ＞（Ｂ）は第２の発明における一実施例を示す平面
図と縦断面図、第４図は燃料電池の原理を示す断面模型
図、第５図は燃料電池の基本構成を示す斜視図、第６図
（Ａ＞（８）は従来の燃料電池を示す平面図と縦断面図
である。
１・・・多孔質電極、２・・・電解質層、３・・・素電
池、４・・・電解質７１ヘリックス層、５Ｐ・・・正極
、５Ｍ・・・負極、６・・・インクコネクタ、７・・・
水素ガス流路、８・・・空気流路、９・・・セルスタッ
ク、１０・・・マニホールド、１１・・・水素ガス供給
管、１２・・・水素ガス排出管、１３・・・空気供給管
、１４・・・空気排出管、１５・・・冷却水供給管、１
６・・・冷却水排出管、１７゜１８・・・電力端子、１
９・・・接続導体、２０・・・ブッシング、２１・・・
タンク、２２・・・集電板、２３・・・絶縁板、２４・
・・締付板、２５・・・皿ばね、２６・・・締付ａラド
、２７・・・押え板、２８・・・ナツト、２９〜３１・
・・形状記憶合金。
ｆｊｓｒ 図 （Ａ）
第１図（Ｂ）
第 １ 図 （Ｃ）
ｆｉ ２ 図
第 ３？７（Ａ）
第 ３ 図 （８）
゛−−−〜−−−−−′
第 ４ 図
第 ５ｒ！ｌFigures 1 (A) to (C) are a plan view, a vertical sectional view, an enlarged view of essential parts, and a second embodiment, respectively, showing an embodiment of the first invention.
The figure is an enlarged view of main parts showing another embodiment of the first invention, FIG. 3 (A>(B) is a plan view and longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the second invention, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the basic structure of a fuel cell; FIG. 6 (A>(8) is a plan view and a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional fuel cell. 1. ... Porous electrode, 2... Electrolyte layer, 3... Cell, 4... Electrolyte 71 helix layer, 5P... Positive electrode, 5M... Negative electrode, 6... Ink connector, 7...・・・
Hydrogen gas channel, 8... Air channel, 9... Cell stack, 10... Manifold, 11... Hydrogen gas supply pipe, 12... Hydrogen gas discharge pipe, 13... Air supply Pipe, 14... Air discharge pipe, 15... Cooling water supply pipe, 1
6... Cooling water discharge pipe, 17° 18... Power terminal, 1
9... Connection conductor, 20... Bushing, 21...
Tank, 22... Current collector plate, 23... Insulating plate, 24...
... Tightening plate, 25... Belleville spring, 26... Tightening a-rad, 27... Holding plate, 28... Nut, 29-31.
...Shape memory alloy. fjsr Figure (A) Figure 1 (B) Figure 1 (C) fi 2 Figure 3?7 (A) Figure 3 (8) ゛---～------' Figure 4 Figure 5r! l
Claims (3)
形成したセルスタックの上下面に締付板を配設し、この
締付板を、両締付板の外面に配設された押え板とこの押
え板に挿入された締付ロッドとにより締付け固定した中
身をタンク内に収納して成る燃料電池において、 前記締付板と押え板との間に、形状記憶合金が配置され
、この形状記憶合金は、燃料電池の運転温度にて締付ロ
ッドとセルスタックとの膨脹差を吸収する寸法形状に製
作加工され且つ燃料電池の組立温度にて組立時の寸法形
状に整形されたことを特徴とするものである燃料電池。(1) Clamping plates are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of a cell stack formed by stacking a plurality of rectangular flat unit cells to form a square column shape, and this clamping plate is arranged on the outer surface of both clamping plates. In a fuel cell in which the contents are stored in a tank by being tightened and fixed by a holding plate and a tightening rod inserted into the holding plate, a shape memory alloy is disposed between the tightening plate and the holding plate. This shape memory alloy is fabricated and processed into a size and shape that absorbs the expansion difference between the tightening rod and the cell stack at the operating temperature of the fuel cell, and is shaped into the size and shape at the time of assembly at the assembly temperature of the fuel cell. Fuel cells are characterized by:
の一部材とされたものである特許請求の範囲第１項記載
の燃料電池。(2) The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the shape memory alloy is a single member having the same planar dimensions as the clamping plate.
形成したセルスタックの上下面に締付板を配設し、この
締付板を、両締付板の外面に配設された押え板とこの押
え板に挿入された締付ロッドとにより締付け固定した中
身をタンク内に収納して成る燃料電池において、 前記締付ロッドの中央部に、形状記憶合金が配置され、
この形状記憶合金は、燃料電池の運転温度にて締付ロッ
ドとセルスタックとの膨脹差を吸収する寸法形状に製作
加工され且つ燃料電池の組立温度にて組立時の寸法形状
に整形されたことを特徴とするものである燃料電池。(3) Clamping plates are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of a cell stack formed by stacking a plurality of rectangular flat unit cells to form a square columnar shape, and the clamping plates are arranged on the outer surfaces of both clamping plates. In a fuel cell in which the contents are stored in a tank by being tightened and fixed by a holding plate and a tightening rod inserted into the holding plate, a shape memory alloy is disposed in the center of the tightening rod,
This shape memory alloy is manufactured and processed into a size and shape that absorbs the expansion difference between the tightening rod and the cell stack at the operating temperature of the fuel cell, and is shaped into the size and shape at the time of assembly at the assembly temperature of the fuel cell. A fuel cell is characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61059291A JPS62217571A (en) | 1986-03-19 | 1986-03-19 | Fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61059291A JPS62217571A (en) | 1986-03-19 | 1986-03-19 | Fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62217571A true JPS62217571A (en) | 1987-09-25 |
Family
ID=13109132
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61059291A Pending JPS62217571A (en) | 1986-03-19 | 1986-03-19 | Fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62217571A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0851519A1 (en) * | 1995-07-07 | 1998-07-01 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell and method of its fastening |
-
1986
- 1986-03-19 JP JP61059291A patent/JPS62217571A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0851519A1 (en) * | 1995-07-07 | 1998-07-01 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell and method of its fastening |
| EP0851519A4 (en) * | 1995-07-07 | 2000-09-13 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell and method of its fastening |
| US6696185B1 (en) | 1995-07-07 | 2004-02-24 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell and fastening method therefor |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP6263638B2 (en) | Assembly method and arrangement for cell system | |
| KR20100007862A (en) | Solid oxide fuel cell device | |
| WO2011077256A1 (en) | Fuel cell module | |
| JPS6093765A (en) | Fuel cell | |
| JPS62217571A (en) | Fuel cell | |
| JPH0828234B2 (en) | Fuel cell | |
| JP3672274B2 (en) | Flat solid electrolyte fuel cell | |
| JP2008251237A (en) | Fuel cell | |
| KR101353839B1 (en) | Solid oxide fuel cell haivng excellent maintaining surface pressure uniformity and durability | |
| JPS6093764A (en) | Fuel cell power generating system | |
| KR100488723B1 (en) | A bipolar plate for fuel cell comprising prominence and depression type gas flow channel | |
| JPH06275307A (en) | Fuel cell | |
| JPH0557713B2 (en) | ||
| JPS6398965A (en) | Fuel cell | |
| JPH0821416B2 (en) | Fuel cell | |
| CN203659991U (en) | Novel fuel cell pile end plate | |
| JP2012089508A (en) | Solid oxide fuel cell stack | |
| KR100424195B1 (en) | Fuel cell separator plate comprising bidirectional slot plate | |
| JPH05242903A (en) | Fuel cell stack body | |
| Brown | Solid oxide fuel cells | |
| JPS59154771A (en) | Fuel cell | |
| JPS6093763A (en) | Fuel cell | |
| JPS61135062A (en) | Generating system of fuel cell | |
| JP2001202974A (en) | Solid polymer fuel cell stack | |
| JPH11111324A (en) | Gas insulating device direct-coupled fuel cell |