JPS62142608A - Manufacture of fire brick - Google Patents

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は高炉、転炉、キルン炉等の高温容器の耐火れん
がの製造方法に関し、その割れの防止を図るものである
。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing refractory bricks for high-temperature containers such as blast furnaces, converters, kiln furnaces, etc., and aims to prevent cracking thereof.

（従来の技術） 高温容器の内張り耐火れんがであって、内端面が稼動面
とされ、外周面が隣接する耐火れんがの外周面と接合さ
れるものにあっては、その外周面から割れが発生するこ
とが知られている。これは、耐火れんがの熱膨張により
、互いに隣接する耐火れんがの外周面が圧接されて割れ
を発生することによる。(Prior art) In the case of refractory bricks lining high-temperature containers, where the inner end surface is the operating surface and the outer circumferential surface is joined to the outer circumferential surface of an adjacent refractory brick, cracks occur from the outer circumferential surface. It is known to do. This is because the outer peripheral surfaces of adjacent refractory bricks are pressed against each other due to thermal expansion of the refractory bricks, causing cracks to occur.

そこで、このような割れを防止できる耐火れんがとして
、圧縮予歪を付与した耐火れんがが本件出願人により提
案されている（特願昭５８−２４２３６２号）。Therefore, as a refractory brick that can prevent such cracking, the applicant of the present invention has proposed a refractory brick that is pre-strained by compression (Japanese Patent Application No. 58-242362).

これは、耐火れんかに圧縮予歪を付与することで、微少
なき裂や空孔を多数発生させて耐火れんが自体にクッシ
ョン機能を奏させ、それにより割れの発生が生じにくい
ものとするものである。By applying compression prestrain to the refractory bricks, many small cracks and pores are generated, allowing the refractory bricks themselves to perform a cushioning function, thereby making it difficult for cracks to occur. be.

（発明が解決しようとする問題点） 耐火れんがの稼動面においては、圧縮予歪による微少な
き裂や空孔により、耐摩耗性、耐溶銑性が低下してしま
う。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) On the operating surface of refractory bricks, wear resistance and hot metal resistance deteriorate due to minute cracks and pores due to compression prestrain.

そこで本発明鉢、割れの発生する耐火れんが外周位置で
は圧縮予歪を多く付与でき、稼動面においては圧縮予歪
の付与を可及的に小さくすることで、割れの発生が防止
できるだけでなく、稼動面での耐摩耗性、耐溶銑性の低
下も防止できる耐火れんがの製造方法を提供することを
目的とする。Therefore, in the pot of the present invention, a large amount of compressive prestrain can be applied to the outer peripheral position of the refractory brick where cracks occur, and by minimizing the application of compressive prestrain on the operating surface, it is possible to not only prevent the occurrence of cracks, but also to prevent cracks from occurring. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing refractory bricks that can prevent a decrease in wear resistance and hot metal resistance on the operating surface.

（問題点を解決するための手段） 本発明が、従来技術の問題点を解決するために講じる技
術的手段の特徴とするところは、高温容器の内張り耐火
れんがであって、内端面が稼動面とされ、外周面が隣接
する耐火れんがの外周面と接合されるものを製造するに
際し、れんが素材外周位置に凹部を形成し、次いでれん
が素材を圧縮することで、前記凹部周辺に応力集中を生
じさせると共に圧縮予歪を付与し、しかる後にれんが素
材を、その外周の凹部がなくなるよう成形することで耐
火れんがとする点にある。(Means for Solving the Problems) The technical means taken by the present invention to solve the problems of the prior art are characterized by a refractory brick lining a high-temperature container, the inner end surface of which is a working surface. When manufacturing a product whose outer peripheral surface is joined to the outer peripheral surface of an adjacent refractory brick, a recess is formed at the outer peripheral position of the brick material, and then the brick material is compressed, causing stress concentration around the recess. The method is to apply compressive pre-strain and then to form the brick material so that there are no concave portions on its outer periphery, thereby making it into a refractory brick.

（作　　用） れんが素材の凹部周辺に応力集中を生じさせることで、
その凹部周辺の圧縮予歪量はその他の部分の圧縮予歪量
よりも大きなものとできる。(Function) By causing stress concentration around the concave part of the brick material,
The amount of compressive prestrain around the recess can be made larger than the amount of compressive prestrain in other parts.

（実施例） 以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づき説明する。(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

第１図及び第２図において、３は直方体形状のれんが素
材であって、図中上下寸法はＬとされ、対向する外周二
側面には正面視半円状の凹部４が溝状に形成されている
。ここで、上端面５から凹部４の上方の縁までの距離は
Ｌ／４とされ下方の縁までの距離はＬ／３とされている
。これは、耐火れんが外周の割れの発生位置は、種々の
実験や炉の解体調査により、第７図示のように耐火れん
が１の稼動面２から略Ｌ／３〜Ｌ／４（Ｌ　：耐火れん
がの内外方向寸法）であることが知られており、その位
置に対応させるためである。もっとも、この位置は目安
であり、この位置に限定されない。In FIGS. 1 and 2, 3 is a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped brick material, the top and bottom dimensions are L in the drawings, and groove-shaped recesses 4 that are semicircular when viewed from the front are formed on two opposing sides of the outer periphery. ing. Here, the distance from the upper end surface 5 to the upper edge of the recess 4 is L/4, and the distance to the lower edge is L/3. This means that the position where cracks occur on the outer periphery of the refractory brick is approximately L/3 to L/4 (L: refractory brick This is because it is known to be the same (internal and external dimensions), and the purpose is to correspond to that position. However, this position is a guideline and is not limited to this position.

このような凹部４を形成されたれんが素材３に、その上
下端面５．６に直交する方向から圧縮力を作用させる。A compressive force is applied to the brick material 3 in which such a recess 4 is formed from a direction perpendicular to its upper and lower end surfaces 5.6.

これにより、れんが素材３に圧縮予歪を与える。ここで
、凹部４周辺の第１図中斜線部７では応力集中係数＃２
となるので、圧縮予歪量はその他の部分の略２倍となる
。これにより、凹部４周辺部分にのみ、割れを防止でき
るだけの圧縮予歪を与える。具体的には、前述の特願昭
５８−２４２３６２号公報に開示されているように略０
．５ε８〜０．９ε８　（ε８　：れんがの圧縮時の最
高荷重に対応する歪）の圧縮予歪が与えられたときに、
割れの防止には最適であるので、圧縮荷重としては、略
０．２５６８〜０．４５ε８の圧縮予歪を与える荷重と
すればよい。そうすれば、凹部４周辺にのみ、応力集中
によってその略２倍の割れを防止できるだけの圧縮予歪
を付与でき、それ以外の部分の圧縮予歪量を可及的に小
さなものとできる。This gives the brick material 3 compressive prestrain. Here, in the shaded area 7 in FIG. 1 around the recess 4, the stress concentration factor #2
Therefore, the amount of compression prestrain is approximately twice that of other parts. As a result, compressive prestrain sufficient to prevent cracking is applied only to the peripheral portion of the recess 4. Specifically, as disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 58-242362, approximately 0
．． When a compression prestrain of 5ε8 to 0.9ε8 (ε8: strain corresponding to the maximum load during compression of the brick) is given,
Since this is optimal for preventing cracks, the compressive load may be a load that provides compressive prestrain of approximately 0.2568 to 0.45ε8. In this way, compressive prestrain sufficient to prevent approximately twice as much cracking due to stress concentration can be applied only to the periphery of the recess 4, and the amount of compressive prestrain in other parts can be made as small as possible.

しかる後に、第１図中一点鎖線で示す切断線に沿ってれ
んが素材３を切断することで、外周の凹部４がなくなる
ように成形して第３図に示すような耐火れんがｌとする
。このようにして製造された耐火れんが１をれんが素材
３の上端面５であった部分を稼動面２として高温容器の
内張りに用いる。すると、耐火れんが１はその外周から
の割れ発生位置には圧縮予歪が付与されているため、割
れの発生しにくいものとされ、しかも、稼動面２に付与
された圧縮予歪量は、割れ発生位置の略１／２とされ、
耐摩耗性・耐溶銑性の低下は可及的に小さなものとされ
て防止されている。Thereafter, the brick material 3 is cut along the cutting line indicated by the dashed dot line in FIG. 1, so that the recess 4 on the outer periphery is eliminated, and a refractory brick 1 as shown in FIG. 3 is obtained. The thus manufactured refractory brick 1 is used for lining a high-temperature container, with the upper end surface 5 of the brick material 3 used as the operating surface 2. Then, since the refractory brick 1 is compressively prestrained at the crack occurrence position from its outer periphery, it is difficult for cracks to occur, and furthermore, the amount of compressive prestrain applied to the operating surface 2 is It is said to be approximately 1/2 of the occurrence position,
Decrease in wear resistance and hot metal resistance is minimized and prevented.

なお、第２図のようにれんが素材３の外周の対向二側面
にのみ凹部４を形成したのは、高温容器では容器周方向
での熱膨張が大きいため、その凹部４を形成した二側面
を容器周方向面として内張すするためである。もっとも
、容器高さ方向の熱膨張も考慮して、第４図示のように
、れんが素材３の外周四側面に凹部４を設けて圧縮し、
その周辺に応力集中を生じさせると共に圧縮予歪を付与
し、しかる後にやはり第３図のような耐火れんが１に成
形してもよい。The reason why the recesses 4 are formed only on two opposite sides of the outer periphery of the brick material 3 as shown in Fig. 2 is because the thermal expansion in the circumferential direction of the container is large in a high-temperature container. This is for lining the circumferential surface of the container. However, considering the thermal expansion in the height direction of the container, as shown in the fourth diagram, recesses 4 are provided on the four sides of the outer periphery of the brick material 3, and the brick material 3 is compressed.
Stress concentration may be generated in the periphery and compressive prestrain may be applied, and then the refractory brick 1 as shown in FIG. 3 may be formed.

また、第５．６図示のように、れんが素材３の外周二側
面の、上端面５よりＬ／４の位置から下端面６に亘る全
域を凹設して凹部４として圧縮することで、れんが外周
の図中斜線部７に亘って応力集中が生じることにより、
割れ発生を防止できる圧縮予歪を付与し、しかる後に鎖
線に沿って切断成形して第３図のような酪火れんが１と
してもよい。この場合、上端面幅Ｂと下端面幅すとの比
Ｂ／ｂは、材料の無駄をなくす観点から１．０５〜１．
３程度とし、凹部上端曲率半径ρと凹部深さλとの比を
略ｌとすれば、応力集中係数を略２とできる。In addition, as shown in Figure 5.6, by compressing the entire area from a position L/4 from the upper end surface 5 to the lower end surface 6 on the two outer peripheral sides of the brick material 3 as a recess 4, the brick material 3 can be compressed. Due to stress concentration occurring over the shaded area 7 in the figure on the outer periphery,
A compressive prestrain that can prevent the occurrence of cracks may be applied, and the brick may then be cut and formed along chain lines to form a brick 1 as shown in FIG. 3. In this case, the ratio B/b of the upper end surface width B to the lower end surface width S is 1.05 to 1.0 from the viewpoint of eliminating waste of material.
If the ratio of the radius of curvature of the upper end of the recess ρ to the depth λ of the recess is approximately 1, the stress concentration factor can be approximately 2.

（発明の効果） 本発明によれば、れんが素材外周に凹部を形成し、その
凹部周辺に応力集中を生じさせて圧縮予歪を与えるので
、凹部周辺の圧縮予歪量は他の部分よりも大きくできる
。これにより、れんが素材を凹部がなくなるよう成形し
て耐火れんがとした際、その凹部周辺であった部分を耐
火れんが外周として高温容器の内張り用として用いるこ
とで、その外周からの割れ発生を圧縮予歪により防止で
きるだけでなく、稼動面での圧縮予歪を小さなものとで
きるので、耐摩耗性、耐溶銑性の低下も防止できる。(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, a recess is formed on the outer periphery of the brick material and compressive prestrain is applied by causing stress concentration around the recess, so that the amount of compressive prestrain around the recess is greater than other parts. You can make it bigger. As a result, when brick material is molded to eliminate recesses to make refractory bricks, the area around the recesses can be used as the outer periphery of the refractory brick for lining high-temperature containers, thereby preventing cracks from occurring from the outer periphery. Not only can this be prevented by distortion, but also compression prestrain on the operating surface can be made small, so deterioration in wear resistance and hot metal resistance can also be prevented.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明の実施例に係るれんが素材の側面図、第
２図は同斜視図、第３図は同耐火れんがの斜視図、第４
図は異なった実施例に係るれんが素材の斜視図、第５図
はさらに異なった実施例に係るれんが素材の斜視図、第
６図は第５図の正面図、第７図は耐火れんがの割れ発生
装置を示す正面図である。 １・・・耐火れんが、２・・・稼動面、３・・・れんが
素材、４・・・凹部。 特　許　出　願　人　　株式会社神戸製鋼所第６図Fig. 1 is a side view of a brick material according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the same, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the same refractory brick, and Fig.
The figure is a perspective view of a brick material according to a different embodiment, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a brick material according to a further different embodiment, FIG. 6 is a front view of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a crack in a refractory brick. It is a front view showing a generator. 1... Refractory brick, 2... Operating surface, 3... Brick material, 4... Recessed portion. Patent applicant: Kobe Steel, Ltd. Figure 6

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）高温容器の内張り耐火れんがであって、内端面が
稼動面とされ、外周面が隣接する耐火れんがの外周面と
接合されるものを製造するに際し、れんが素材外周位置
に凹部を形成し、次いでれんが素材を圧縮することで、
前記凹部周辺に応力集中を生じさせると共に圧縮予歪を
付与し、しかる後にれんが素材を、その外周の凹部がな
くなるよう成形することで耐火れんがとすることを特徴
とする耐火れんがの製造方法。(1) When manufacturing a refractory brick lining for a high-temperature container whose inner end surface is the operating surface and whose outer circumferential surface is joined to the outer circumferential surface of an adjacent refractory brick, a recess is formed at the outer circumferential position of the brick material. , then by compressing the brick material,
A method for producing a refractory brick, characterized in that stress concentration is generated around the recess and compressive prestrain is applied, and then the brick material is molded so that the recess on the outer periphery is eliminated, thereby producing a refractory brick.