JPS62131082A - Static crushing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily crush a driving object, by filling the voids of a brittle object with a mixture of a specified expanding agent and a water-retaining material and introducing water thereinto, whereby an object which is to be crushed and through which water leaks out can retain water and the expanding agent undergoes a hydration reaction. CONSTITUTION:A mixture of CaO and a hydration retarder such as alumina cement, a borate, etc. is compression-molded to obtain an expanding agent 4 having a volume of 0.05-10cm<3> and a bulk density of 2.0-3.2g/cm<3>. The expanding agent 4 is mixed with 0.1-1.0wt% water-retaining material 3 (e.g., polyacrylamide), and the mixture is filled into the voids of a brittle object 1 such as concrete, rock, etc. Water is introduced into the voids to allow the expanding agent to undergo hydration, thus crushing the brittle object 1 by utilizing the expansion pressure of the agent.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明はコンクリートや岩石等の脆性物体を静的に破砕
する方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for statically crushing brittle objects such as concrete and rocks.

従来の技術 従来、コンクリートや岩石等の脆性物体を静的に破砕す
る方法としては、コンクリートや岩石に穿孔し、この孔
の中に膨張剤を充填し、その膨張圧を利用して破砕する
ことが知られている。Conventional technology Conventionally, the method of statically crushing brittle objects such as concrete and rocks is to drill holes in the concrete or rocks, fill the holes with an expanding agent, and use the expansion pressure to crush them. It has been known.

その際に用いられる膨張剤は、はとんど酸化カルシウム
を主成分とするものである。更に膨張剤の形態が立体成
型品である場合には、あらかじめ膨張剤を孔内に充填し
、その後、水を注入することによシ孔内の酸化カルシウ
ムを水と水和反応させ、その結果として膨張圧を発生さ
せてコンクリートや岩石を破砕する方法が行なわれてい
た。The swelling agent used in this case is mostly composed of calcium oxide. Furthermore, when the swelling agent is in the form of a three-dimensional molded product, the swelling agent is filled in the pores in advance, and then water is injected to cause the calcium oxide in the pores to undergo a hydration reaction with water. A method was used to crush concrete and rocks by generating expansion pressure.

発明が解決しようとする問題点 ところで、破砕すべき岩石やコンクリートに漏水するよ
うな亀裂が入っている場合には、注入した水を破砕躯体
内に保持できないために、酸化カルシウムの水和反応が
十分でなく、そのために破砕できないことが度々あるの
が問題であった。Problems to be Solved by the Invention By the way, if there are cracks in the rock or concrete to be crushed that allow water to leak, the hydration reaction of calcium oxide will not occur because the injected water cannot be retained within the crushing structure. The problem was that it was not enough, and as a result, it was often impossible to crush it.

問題点を解決するための手段 本発明者等は上記問題点を解決するために様々の工夫を
した結果、本発明を完成した。すなわち、その構成は膨
張剤の水和反応に伴う膨張圧を利用して脆性物体を静的
に破砕する方法において、酸化カルシウムとその水和反
応遅延性物質を主体とする膨張性混合物を圧縮成型して
成る膨張剤を、保水性物質と混合し、孔に充填し、つい
で水を注入する静的破砕方法である。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have completed the present invention as a result of various efforts to solve the above problems. In other words, its composition is a method for statically crushing brittle objects by utilizing the expansion pressure accompanying the hydration reaction of an expansion agent, which involves compression molding an expansible mixture mainly composed of calcium oxide and a substance that retards its hydration reaction. This is a static crushing method in which the swelling agent made of the following ingredients is mixed with a water-retaining substance, filled into the pores, and then water is injected.

本発明に用いる膨張剤は酸化カルシウムを主成分として
、アルミナセメントや硼酸塩を水和遅延剤として混合物
を圧縮成型して成ることが必要であって、その成型体積
が０．０５〜１０　ｙｎ３、゛嵩密度が２．０〜３．２
　ｆ／の３であることが好ましい。The expanding agent used in the present invention must be formed by compression molding a mixture containing calcium oxide as a main component and alumina cement or borate as a hydration retardant, and the molding volume is 0.05 to 10 yn3,゛Bulk density is 2.0 to 3.2
Preferably, it is f/3.

この成型装置としてはブリケラターとして当業者には周
知のものが用いられる。成型物の形状は充填時にできる
だけ空間を生じない、すなわち最密充填できる形状、例
えば、アーモンｒ状が好ましい。As this molding device, one known to those skilled in the art as a briquette is used. The shape of the molded product is preferably a shape that creates as little space as possible during filling, that is, a shape that allows for closest packing, for example, an almond r-shape.

膨張性圧縮成形剤と混合する保水性物質としては水溶性
高分子物質もしくは吸水性物質を用いることができる。As the water-retaining substance to be mixed with the expandable compression molding agent, a water-soluble polymer substance or a water-absorbing substance can be used.

水溶性高分子物質は、ポリアクリルアミド、メチルセル
ロース、ポリエチレンオキサイド、澱粉、あるいは、ポ
リビニルアルコール等が適当であるが、特に好ましいの
はポリアクリルアミＰである。Suitable water-soluble polymer substances include polyacrylamide, methylcellulose, polyethylene oxide, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, etc., and polyacrylamide P is particularly preferred.

吸水性ポリマーとしては、不溶性膨潤ポリマ・−等が適
当であシ、たとえばアクリル系重合体等は数百倍の水を
吸水するので好ましい。Suitable water-absorbing polymers include insoluble swelling polymers. For example, acrylic polymers are preferred because they absorb several hundred times as much water.

保水性物質の形状は、粉状、フレーク状、顆粒状等いず
れにおいても適用できるが、特に粉状のものはより効果
的である。その具体的な添加量は０．１〜１．０％であ
り、充填孔の漏水度合により必ずしも一定ではない。The water-retaining substance can be applied in any form such as powder, flakes, or granules, but powder is particularly effective. The specific amount added is 0.1 to 1.0%, and is not necessarily constant depending on the degree of water leakage from the filling hole.

膨張性圧縮成形剤と保水性物質を混合する方法は、単純
に両者を混合するだけでなく、油性物質を膨張性成形錠
剤に塗布した後、混合することもしばしば効果的である
。As for the method of mixing the expansible compression molding agent and the water-retaining substance, it is often effective not only to simply mix the two, but also to apply an oily substance to the expansible molded tablet and then mix the mixture.

このような水溶性高分子物質や保水性物質は、破砕厘体
であるコンクリートや岩石に多少の亀裂があっても充填
孔に注入された水を漏水前に保持して、膨張性成形剤の
水和反応に際して、水不足を生じさせない効果を有する
。しかし添加量が多すぎると、膨張性成形剤全体への水
の浸透を妨げることに表り、逆に少すぎると、保持する
効果が減ることはいうまでもない。Such water-soluble polymer substances and water-retentive substances retain the water injected into the filling hole before it leaks even if there are some cracks in the concrete or rock that is used as the crushing material, and prevents the expansible molding agent from leaking. It has the effect of preventing water shortage during the hydration reaction. However, it goes without saying that if the amount added is too large, it will impede water penetration into the entire expandable molding agent, while if it is too small, the retention effect will be reduced.

以下実施例において本発明をさらに詳しく説明する。The present invention will be explained in more detail in the following examples.

実施例　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　ｄ約
１ｍ”の天然砕石に６５φＸ８００ｍｍの孔を堀り、孔
内へ水を１．５辞注入したところ１０秒間で全量、漏水
した。この砕石の孔内へ酸化カルシウム８０重量部、ア
ルミナセメント２０重量部、硼酸カルシウム３重量部を
混合、圧縮成形して得た成形剤（体ｇＪ　Ｏ，６７５ａ
ｎ３、密度２．６９７ｃｍ３）を３．７に？　％および
■アクアキープ１０８Ｈ（製鉄化学（株）製アクリル系
共重合体）の粉末を０．５％添加混合した後、両者の混
合物を充填密度１．４１Ｆ／１ｙ１Ｎ”で充填した。Example d A hole of 65 φ x 800 mm was dug in a natural crushed stone measuring approximately 1 m in diameter, and when 1.5 liters of water was injected into the hole, the entire amount of water leaked out in 10 seconds. 80 parts by weight of calcium oxide and alumina were poured into the hole of this crushed stone. A molding agent obtained by mixing 20 parts by weight of cement and 3 parts by weight of calcium borate and compression molding (body gJ O, 675a
n3, density 2.697cm3) to 3.7? After adding and mixing 0.5% of powder of Aqua Keep 108H (acrylic copolymer manufactured by Seitetsu Kagaku Co., Ltd.), the mixture was filled with a packing density of 1.41F/1y1N''.

充填後、水を１．５＃注入して、約５分後に砕石は２つ
に割れた。比較例として、アクアキープ１０８Ｈ粉末を
添加混合せずに成形錠剤のみを充填した場合には全く割
れなかった。After filling, 1.5 # of water was injected, and about 5 minutes later, the crushed stone broke into two pieces. As a comparative example, when only molded tablets were filled without adding and mixing Aqua Keep 108H powder, no cracking occurred.

発明の効果 通常の水を注入しても漏水するような破砕厘体に対して
も十分に水を保持することができるため膨張剤の水和反
応を十分に行わせることができ、従って破砕が極めて容
易である。Effects of the Invention Since water can be sufficiently retained even in a crushing body that leaks even when ordinary water is injected, the hydration reaction of the swelling agent can be carried out sufficiently, and therefore crushing is prevented. It's extremely easy.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明に成る破砕方法と示した１実施態様の断
面図である。 １・・・天然砕石、２・・・亀裂、３・・・保水物質、
４・・・膨張性成形錠剤FIG. 1 is a sectional view of one embodiment of the crushing method according to the present invention. 1...Natural crushed stone, 2...Cracks, 3...Water retention substance,
4...Expansible molded tablet

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 膨張剤の水和反応に伴う膨張圧を利用して脆性物体を静
的に破砕する方法において、酸化カルシウムとその水和
反応遅延性物質を主体とする膨張性混合物を圧縮成型し
て成る膨張剤を保水性物質と混合し、脆性物体の孔に充
填し、ついで水を注入することを特徴とする静的破砕方
法In a method of statically crushing a brittle object using the expansion pressure accompanying the hydration reaction of the expansion agent, an expansion agent formed by compression molding an expansion mixture mainly composed of calcium oxide and a substance that retards its hydration reaction. A static crushing method characterized by mixing with a water-retaining substance, filling the pores of a brittle object, and then injecting water.