CN102865787A - Static blasting method - Google Patents
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- CN102865787A CN102865787A CN2012102932285A CN201210293228A CN102865787A CN 102865787 A CN102865787 A CN 102865787A CN 2012102932285 A CN2012102932285 A CN 2012102932285A CN 201210293228 A CN201210293228 A CN 201210293228A CN 102865787 A CN102865787 A CN 102865787A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a static blasting method. The static blasting method comprises the following steps of: (a) preparing construction; (b) premixing breaking agents in the field: (1) determining the using quantity of raw materials; (2) weighing 1,000 grams of breaking agents by using a balance, pouring the breaking agents into a glass measure cup with the volume of 3,000ml, measuring water with the designed quantity by using a measuring cylinder, slowly pouring the water into the measuring cup, uniformly stirring the mixture by using a glass bar, and simultaneously recording the initial volume of the breaking agents; and (3) standing and observing for 12 to 15 minutes, adding inhibitor in the mixture if the volume of the freely expanded breaking agents is 2.5 times the initial volume of the breaking agent within 12 minutes, adding accelerant in the mixture if the volume of the freely expanded breaking agents is not 2.5 times the initial volume of the breaking agents after 15 minutes, finishing standing if the volume of the freely expanded breaking agents is 2.5 times the initial volume of the breaking agents after the breaking agents are freely expanded within 12 to 15 minutes, and simultaneously recording the inhibitor and the accelerant; (c) distributing and drilling holes, and preparing the breaking agents according to the premixing proportion; (d) filling and pouring; (e) keeping warm; (f) beginning to break; and (g) removing rock ballast.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of explosion, relate in particular to a kind of static blasting method.
Background technology
At present usually static blasting at the scene be implemented as power less than 30%, seriously restricted applying of static blasting, simultaneously because product category, the specifications and models of cracking agent are a lot of both at home and abroad at present, different manufacturers, kind, specifications and models, batch, reaction time and expansion rate under ratio and different quality, water temperature, the temperature condition all differ widely, cause action effect unstable, particularly water quality is large especially on the impact of cracking agent, and in the place of carrying out blast working, be difficult to get suitable water source, also just cause demolition effect to be affected.Simultaneously, the defective of producer's raw material also can cause explosion unsuccessful.
There are two in existing explosion extremely, the one, blasting time too short (in half an hour), broken too short meeting of time causes water with quick lime sufficient reaction not to occur easily causing punching, threaten the safety of personnel and equipment, the 2nd, blasting time long (12-24 hour), relatively safe, but owing to the reaction time is long, therefore efficient is lower.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of static blasting method, joins by scene examination, reaction time of fragmentation is controlled at one hour, and demolition effect is stable.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of static blasting method may further comprise the steps:
A, determine required cracking agent model and Amount per unitvolume, aperture, position, hole, hole depth and mechanical personnel preparation according to actual prospecting situation, and carry out preparation of construction by this;
Cracking agent is joined in b, on-the-spot examination;
The ratio of mud of determining during (1), first by design calculates the consumption of water consumption and cracking agent;
(2), weigh in the balance and get 1000 gram cracking agents and pour the 3000ml burette into, measure the design water consumption with graduated cylinder again, slowly pour water into measuring cup and stir with glass bar, mixing time is no more than 40 seconds, records simultaneously the cracking agent initial volume;
(3), leave standstill and observed 12～15 minutes, if volume just reaches original 2.5 times after being lower than free wxpansion in 12 minutes, just should add inhibitor; If volume does not also reach original 2.5 times after the free wxpansion above 15 minutes, just should add and inspire agent; In 12～15 minutes, volume reaches 2.5 times of original volume and can use after its free wxpansion, records simultaneously inhibitor and inspires agent.
C, cloth hole, boring prepare cracking agent in the ratio that examination is joined simultaneously;
D, 5 minutes are with the interior filling perfusion of finishing cracking agent;
Use straw mattress or straw bag covering and heat insulating after e, the filling perfusion;
F, filling perfusion beginning fragmentation after 30 minutes;
G, beginning are adopted artificial after broken one hour or small-sized machine is removed rock ballast.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: 1, by to the medium appropriate design (aperture that is broken, pitch-row, determining of hole depth etc.) and boring, with the dry powder-shaped cracking agent mobile shape slurry of suitable quantity of water furnishing, directly in the injection hole, utilize hydration reaction to make the cracking agent crystal modification, volumetric expansion, thereby quasistatic ground (can reach the bulbs of pressure 30Mpa～50Mpa) and impose on hole wall, after half an hour to one hour, when greater than the required bulbs of pressure of rock rupture (during 10Mpa～20Mpa), rock is spalling voluntarily, fragmentation, thus realize without slungshot, noiseless, friction, without shock wave, without toxic smog, safe and reliable broken rock.2, join cracking agent by the scene examination, can accurately control the expansion fragmentation deadline within 1 hour, shortened the construction period, saved fund, and can accurate controlled fragmentation particle diameter.Static blasting has had quick, accurate, controlled characteristics, avoided when construction different manufacturers, kind, specifications and models, batch, have influence on reaction time and expansion rate under ratio and different quality, water temperature, the temperature condition.3, can be at the raw material of examination timing check producer, for the producer of selecting raw material provides foundation.4, the present invention has historical relic, important buildings or structures near having solved preferably construction area, or owing to the social contradications such as expropriation of land, removal cause that the masses make an excuse big gun and decrease the resistance worker causes, keep off the problem such as worker, has good social benefit.5, equipment used in the present invention is the non-combustion that need not administrative permission, non-quick-fried article, easily stores, transports, takes care of, and uses safety, can be used at any time the job site, is conducive to guarantee the completion time of project.
Further, when carrying out described steps d, planning cracking agent filling order, what make filling perfusion process all is the boring of not loading cracking agent, prevents that punching from hurting sb.'s feelings.
The specific embodiment
Falling in the rainstorm weather situation, the landslide easily appears in cliff, often has megalith and breaks away from parent rock, and is crumbling, and for security needs crag progressively being disintegrated becomes the rubble of particle diameter 30～50cm, and rubble total amount＜0.5m falls at every turn
3Phase can't guarantee because the uncontrollable whereabouts of bursting work scale, artificial chisel are done manual work, and only has employing " static blasting method " construction.
A kind of static blasting method may further comprise the steps:
A, conceptual design and preparation of construction
During the static blasting conceptual design, tackling attribute, the structure of the medium that is broken reconnoitres in detail, determine required cracking agent model and Amount per unitvolume, aperture, position, hole, hole depth and mechanical personnel preparation according to reality prospecting situation (the lumpiness size of material category, arrangement of reinforcement situation, rock proterties, fragmentation etc.), and carry out preparation of construction by this;
Unit volume cracking agent consumption is the principal element that affects crushing effect, and the common unit volume cracking agent of various crushing mediums consumption is as showing 5.2.2:
| Sequence number | The fractured rock kind | The cracking agent consumption (kg/m3) | Remarks |
| 1 | Weak rock is broken | 35-37 | ? |
| 2 | In, ragstone is broken | 25-27 | ? |
| 3 | Ragstone is broken | 10-20 | ? |
| 4 | Rock cutting | 10-18 | ? |
| 5 | Non-reinforced concrete is broken | 10-20 | ? |
| 6 | Armored concrete is broken | 15-20 | The cloth muscle is few |
| 7 | Armored concrete is broken | 20-30 | The cloth muscle is many |
| 8 | Boulder | 10-15 | ? |
Table 5.2.2 unit volume cracking agent consumption
This engineering is middle hardness rock, and unit volume cracking agent Determination of quantity is 27kg/m
3
Cracking agent is joined in b, on-the-spot examination
According to statistics, usually static blasting at the scene be implemented as power less than 30%, seriously restricted applying of static blasting, join by the scene examination, static blasting has had quick, accurate, controlled characteristics.Because product category, the specifications and models of cracking agent are a lot of both at home and abroad at present, different manufacturers, kind, specifications and models, batch, reaction time and expansion rate under ratio and different quality, water temperature, the temperature condition all differ widely, and causes the difficult problem of the unstable and long action time (12-24 hour) of the action effect that is difficult to overcome.Join by the scene examination, can accurately control the expansion fragmentation deadline within 1 hour, and can accurate controlled fragmentation particle diameter.
This operation is the key technology of static blasting construction.Its operation is as follows:
The ratio of mud of determining during 1, first by design calculates the consumption of water consumption and cracking agent;
2, weigh in the balance and get 1000 gram cracking agents and pour the 3000ml burette into, measure the design water consumption with graduated cylinder again, slowly pour water into measuring cup and stir with glass bar, mixing time should not surpass 40 seconds, record simultaneously the cracking agent initial volume;
3, leave standstill observation, the beginning timing.Read the cracking agent final volume after free wxpansion reaction is finished, after beginning with timing in 12 ~ 15 minutes, volume reaches 2.5 times of original volume and is advisable after its free wxpansion.；
If 4 are lower than that volume just reaches original 2.5 times after the free wxpansion in 12 minutes, just should add inhibitor; If volume does not also reach original 2.5 times after the free wxpansion above 15 minutes, just should add and inspire agent.
C, cloth hole, boring prepare cracking agent in the ratio that examination is joined simultaneously;
At first determine more than one at least free face (scope of freedom) before the cloth hole, and as far as possible free face (scope of freedom) of creating more.The cloth well format depends primarily on situation and the broken requirement of rock, and when many rounds, spread pattern mainly is the plum blossom arrangement.
Boring direction should be accomplished parallel with free face (scope of freedom) as far as possible; Boring should be selected upright opening as far as possible, uses less lateral aperture, in order to avoid cause operating difficulties and prolong the filling time.
The common hole arrangement parameters of various crushing mediums is as follows:
| Formation hardness | f=4 | f=6 | f=8 | f=12 | The element concrete | Reinforced concrete |
| Pitch-row (cm) | 5-100 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 30 | 20 |
| Array pitch (cm) | 80 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 40 | 30 |
This engineering is middle hardness rock, and the hole array pitch answers optional holes apart from 30cm, array pitch 40cm, in order to satisfy the requirement of row's danger particle diameter, is defined as 25cm * 25cm.
Isolated rock and concrete drill hole depth are 80% ~ 90% of the broken body of target; Large volume needs substep fragmented rock and concrete block, and drilling depth can be selected according to construction requirement, generally at 2 meters better.Shot depth is 100% of hole depth.
D, filling perfusion
1, the cracking agent slurry that stirs must be finished with interior at 5 minutes, otherwise can have influence on its flowability and crushing effect.Downward and downward-sloping eyelet, cracking agent mixed liquid state (pulpous state) after, pour in the hole rapidly.
2, the boring of horizontal direction and upward direction, the available high-strength long fibered paper more smaller than bore diameter be packed to enter cracking agent, soaks fully 30～50 seconds with clean water, and powder stick is fully moistening, when not emitting bubble fully, take out powder stick and at the bottom of the hole, begin to pack into one by one, be loaded into densely the aperture.
3, cracking agent filling should be according to broken body direction, planning cracking agent filling order, and the limit rim moves back, must not be through loading the boring of cracking agent, prevent that punching from hurting sb.'s feelings.
E, covering and heat insulating;
Use straw mattress (bag) covering and heat insulating behind the grout, seam can be watered for water after occurring in the crack, with the generation of acceleration turgor pressure and the expansion in crack.
F, beginning fragmentation;
After filling cracking agent, generally began to produce the crack at 30 minutes, along with the growth of time, the crack can be increasing, finishes fragmentation in 1 hour;
G, again after 1 hour, can remove rock ballast with artificial or small-sized machine.
Points for attention:
1, inspection opening position (pitch-row, array pitch), hole depth can not surpass design size deviation ± 5cm.
2, join the output control ratio of mud and additive amount in strict accordance with examination.
3, just bored the boring of hole and just punching, the hole wall temperature is higher, and should determine could powder charge when temperature meets the requirements.
4, use cracking agent must same factory, same model, with batch, the dry point position of mixing water must be fixed, and is constant to guarantee the water quality composition.
5, cracking agent and mixing water are deposited in shady and cool dry place, avoid tanning by the sun.
6, cracking agent is answered protection against the tide in transportation with in depositing.Should use immediately behind the Kaifeng.As once not using, should tightly prick immediately sack, need the time spent to break a seal again.
For a person skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from structure of the present invention, can also make some distortion and improvement, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, and these can not affect effect of the invention process and practical applicability.
The soft protecting net arrangement and method for construction
The SNS soft protecting net is arranged on Dangerous Rock Body below toe, and the Dangerous Rock under the avalanche is played the energy dissipating effect, prevents that to greatest extent Dangerous Rock from bouncing again, prevents that block is flushed to the scope that widens one's influence under the slope.Protection network arranges according to actual landform, and the SNS soft protecting net arranges height 4m, and every 10m arranges a steel column, and intercolumniation adopts rhombus steel rope net, SNS soft protecting net total length 1000m.
Above-described only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, should be understood that for a person skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from structure of the present invention, can also make some distortion and improvement, these can not affect effect of the invention process and practical applicability.
Claims (2)
1. static blasting method is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A, determine required cracking agent model and Amount per unitvolume, aperture, position, hole, hole depth and mechanical personnel preparation according to actual prospecting situation, and carry out preparation of construction by this;
Cracking agent is joined in b, on-the-spot examination;
The ratio of mud of determining during (1), first by design calculates the consumption of water consumption and cracking agent;
(2), weigh in the balance and get 1000 gram cracking agents and pour the 3000ml burette into, measure the design water consumption with graduated cylinder again, slowly pour water into measuring cup and stir with glass bar, mixing time is no more than 40 seconds, records simultaneously the cracking agent initial volume;
(3), leave standstill and observed 12～15 minutes, if volume just reaches original 2.5 times after being lower than free wxpansion in 12 minutes, just should add inhibitor; If volume does not also reach original 2.5 times after the free wxpansion above 15 minutes, just should add and inspire agent; In 12～15 minutes, volume reaches 2.5 times of original volume and can use after its free wxpansion, records simultaneously inhibitor and inspires agent;
C, cloth hole, boring prepare cracking agent in the ratio that examination is joined simultaneously;
D, 5 minutes are with the interior filling perfusion of finishing cracking agent;
Use straw mattress or straw bag covering and heat insulating after e, the filling perfusion;
F, filling perfusion beginning fragmentation after 30 minutes;
G, beginning are adopted artificial after broken one hour or small-sized machine is removed rock ballast.
2. static blasting method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: when carrying out described steps d, and planning cracking agent filling order, what make filling perfusion process all is the boring of not loading cracking agent.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103322414A (en) * | 2013-06-29 | 2013-09-25 | 中国人民解放军后勤工程学院 | Method for fast and safely excavating oil-gas pipeline rock section emergent repair working pit |
| CN105019901A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-11-04 | 北京理工大学 | Thermal expansion stone splitting agent equal proportion structure large-area stone splitting method |
| CN105651132A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-08 | 湖南航天建筑工程有限公司 | Directional static blasting construction method for foundation pit stratum and combined guiding device for directional static blasting construction method |
| CN107976130A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-01 | 中国冶集团有限公司 | The quick soundless cracking method of rock |
| CN109373836A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-22 | 福建省永富建设集团有限公司 | A kind of method of static blasting |
| CN109579650A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-05 | 中交第二公路工程局有限公司 | A kind of static blasting method of no free boundary rock mass |
| CN113154979A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-23 | 湖南军凯静爆科技有限公司 | Static rock breaking construction method of large-inclination-angle wet drilling expanding agent |
| CN113846870A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-28 | 上海建工集团股份有限公司 | Concrete supporting static force crushing method using existing cracks as guide |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103322414A (en) * | 2013-06-29 | 2013-09-25 | 中国人民解放军后勤工程学院 | Method for fast and safely excavating oil-gas pipeline rock section emergent repair working pit |
| CN103322414B (en) * | 2013-06-29 | 2016-01-13 | 中国人民解放军后勤工程学院 | A kind of method fast and safely excavating oil and gas pipes cubic meter of stone section repairing working pit |
| CN105019901A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-11-04 | 北京理工大学 | Thermal expansion stone splitting agent equal proportion structure large-area stone splitting method |
| CN105651132A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-08 | 湖南航天建筑工程有限公司 | Directional static blasting construction method for foundation pit stratum and combined guiding device for directional static blasting construction method |
| CN107976130A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-01 | 中国冶集团有限公司 | The quick soundless cracking method of rock |
| CN107976130B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-12-06 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | quick and soundless rock breaking method |
| CN109373836A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-22 | 福建省永富建设集团有限公司 | A kind of method of static blasting |
| CN109579650A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-05 | 中交第二公路工程局有限公司 | A kind of static blasting method of no free boundary rock mass |
| CN113154979A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-23 | 湖南军凯静爆科技有限公司 | Static rock breaking construction method of large-inclination-angle wet drilling expanding agent |
| CN113846870A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-28 | 上海建工集团股份有限公司 | Concrete supporting static force crushing method using existing cracks as guide |
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Application publication date: 20130109 |