JPS6211828A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display device

Info

Publication number
JPS6211828A
JPS6211828A JP61056137A JP5613786A JPS6211828A JP S6211828 A JPS6211828 A JP S6211828A JP 61056137 A JP61056137 A JP 61056137A JP 5613786 A JP5613786 A JP 5613786A JP S6211828 A JPS6211828 A JP S6211828A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
electrode
display
metal
semiconductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP61056137A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS64704B2 (en
Inventor
Hiroaki Nomura
野村 浩明
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Seiko Epson Corp
Original Assignee
Seiko Epson Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Seiko Epson Corp filed Critical Seiko Epson Corp
Priority to JP61056137A priority Critical patent/JPS6211828A/en
Publication of JPS6211828A publication Critical patent/JPS6211828A/en
Publication of JPS64704B2 publication Critical patent/JPS64704B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve a display characteristics of the liquid crystal, and to make possible a dynamic driving of the titled device by combining a simple additional element having a structure composed of a metal (a semiconductor)-an insulating thin film-a metal (a semiconductor), with the liquid crystal display cell. CONSTITUTION:The titled device is constituted from longitudinal lines of the transparent electrodes 8 provided on a glass substrate 7, composing an upper substrate of a display part, the transverse lines of island metal electrodes 9 confronting to the electrode 8, an insulating thin film 10 composing a non-linear element, a metal wiring 11 composing the transverse wiring and a lower sub strate 12 for supporting the prescribed electrodes and the additional element and interposing the liquid crystal 13 therebetween. The metal thin film 9 close to the liquid crystal substance 13 on the lower substrate 12 is one side of the electrode of the non-linear element and also one side of the electrode of the liquid crystal display, and has a function of the surface of a light reflecting mirror for improving the contrast of the titled device.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は液晶を用いた表示装置の特性改良ならびに駆動
方法に関する。さらに詳しくは液晶表示セルに簡単な非
線形素子を付加し、これによって液晶表示装置の電圧−
コントラスト特性を改良しダイナミック駆動を行なう方
法に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improvement in characteristics of a display device using liquid crystal and a driving method. In more detail, we added a simple nonlinear element to the liquid crystal display cell, which caused the voltage of the liquid crystal display to decrease.
This invention relates to a method for improving contrast characteristics and performing dynamic driving.

液晶のダイナミック駆動については、従来よシ検討がな
されており、+バイアス法及び+バイアス法が考案され
た。第1図は+バイアス法の駆動波形例であり、図の(
a)、(’b)のアドレス信号、及びこれに同期した図
の(0)の表示信号の2種から成り立っている。これら
の信号は液晶物質を挾む相対する電極に印加されるもの
で実際に液晶にかかる電圧波形は図の((1)、(θ)
のように変化し、図の(d)が選択点での波形、図の(
e)が非選択点での波形となる。この図でわかるように
液晶には常にバイアス電圧Vが印加されていることにな
るのでコントラストのよい表示を得るためには、このバ
イアス電圧Vを第2図の液晶の電圧−コントラスト特性
のしきい値電圧vth以下にとシ、非選択点での表示消
去を行なわねばならない。また、この時の点灯画素のコ
ントラストは選択波形の実効値VRM8  できまシ、
この実効値VRM8 は次式のデユーティ比1/yに依
存していただし、Nはダイナミック駆動に於けるアドレ
ス線数であり、またVはバイアス電圧を表わす。
Dynamic driving of liquid crystals has been studied in the past, and the +bias method and the +bias method have been devised. Figure 1 shows an example of the drive waveform of the +bias method.
It consists of two types: address signals a) and ('b), and a display signal synchronized with these signals (0) in the figure. These signals are applied to opposing electrodes that sandwich the liquid crystal material, and the voltage waveform actually applied to the liquid crystal is as shown in the figure ((1), (θ)).
(d) in the figure is the waveform at the selected point, and (d) in the figure is the waveform at the selected point.
e) is the waveform at the non-selected point. As can be seen in this figure, a bias voltage V is always applied to the liquid crystal, so in order to obtain a display with good contrast, this bias voltage V must be adjusted to the threshold of the voltage-contrast characteristic of the liquid crystal shown in Figure 2. When the value voltage is lower than vth, display must be erased at non-selected points. Also, the contrast of the lit pixels at this time cannot be determined by the effective value VRM8 of the selected waveform.
This effective value VRM8 depends on the duty ratio 1/y of the following equation, where N is the number of address lines in dynamic driving, and V represents the bias voltage.

通常Vは前述の理由によって液晶のしきい値電圧vth
以下にとらねばならないため、この式より次のことが判
明する。即ち、アドレス線数が多くなればなるほど選択
点での実効電圧VRM8 はバイアス電圧v1従ってし
きい値電圧vthに近づくため液晶の表示特性からいっ
て光分な表示コントラストを得ることが難しくなる。こ
のことからダイナミック駆動用の液晶表示には特に電圧
−コントラスト特性に明確なしきい値を有することが要
求されていることがわかる。しかるに、現用の液晶表示
特性は第2図に示すようにこの要求に対し充分とはいえ
ない。またこの他に温度による電、圧−コントラスト特
性のシフトが大きいこと、見る方向によるコントラスト
特性の変化、即ち視角依存性があることなどからアドレ
ス線数としては2〜4本、多桁表示では2〜4デジント
程度のダイナミック駆動以外実用には供し得ないのが現
状である。
Normally, V is the liquid crystal threshold voltage vth for the reason mentioned above.
Since it has to be taken as follows, the following becomes clear from this formula. That is, as the number of address lines increases, the effective voltage VRM8 at the selection point approaches the bias voltage v1 and therefore the threshold voltage vth, and it becomes difficult to obtain a display contrast corresponding to the amount of light in view of the display characteristics of the liquid crystal. This shows that dynamically driven liquid crystal displays are particularly required to have clear threshold voltage-contrast characteristics. However, the current liquid crystal display characteristics are not sufficient to meet this requirement, as shown in FIG. In addition, the number of address lines should be 2 to 4, and 2 to 4 for multi-digit displays, due to large shifts in voltage and pressure contrast characteristics due to temperature, and changes in contrast characteristics depending on the viewing direction, that is, viewing angle dependence. At present, it cannot be used for practical purposes other than dynamic drive of about 4 digits.

本発明は上述した欠点を解決するために簡単な非線形素
子を液晶表示に付加し、これによって液晶の電圧−コン
トラスト特性に明確なしきい値を与え、より実用度の高
い液晶ダイナミック駆動を提供することを目的としてい
る。
In order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention adds a simple nonlinear element to a liquid crystal display, thereby providing a clear threshold value to the voltage-contrast characteristics of the liquid crystal, and providing a more practical liquid crystal dynamic drive. It is an object.

第5図は本発明に用いる非線形素子の構造を示した図で
あり、絶縁基板1上に配された絶縁薄膜2どそれをサン
ドインチ状に挾む同質の金属電極6゜4(あるいは半導
体)からなる。通常、ここに用いる金属としてはAfi
、Ta、Zr、Tiなどがあげられ、絶縁薄膜にはこれ
らの酸化物Al2203゜Ta2 o、、 I Z r
 02 、 T i Q2等を用いるのが製造上系であ
る。しかし絶縁薄膜は酸化物でなくても原理的には可能
であり、また金属電極の代わりに半導体の81゜Ge、
化合物半導体を用いても同様の効果があげられる。次に
Aλl ”203 k使った簡単な製造上の手順を述べ
る。1ず一方の電極となるA1.を絶縁基板、例えばガ
ラス基板上に蒸着し、次にこのAJl電極を酸化雰囲気
中で長時間加熱するか、陽極酸化などの他の方法によっ
て数10〜数100大のh2.o3皮膜を形成する。
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the structure of the nonlinear element used in the present invention, in which homogeneous metal electrodes 6° 4 (or semiconductor) sandwich the insulating thin film 2 disposed on the insulating substrate 1 in a sandwich-like manner. Consisting of Usually, the metal used here is Afi.
, Ta, Zr, Ti, etc., and these oxides Al2203゜Ta2 o,, I Z r are used in the insulating thin film.
02, T i Q2, etc. are used in production. However, in principle, the insulating thin film does not need to be made of oxides, and instead of metal electrodes, semiconductors such as 81°Ge,
A similar effect can be achieved by using a compound semiconductor. Next, we will describe a simple manufacturing procedure using Aλl "203 k. First, A1, which will become one electrode, is deposited on an insulating substrate, for example, a glass substrate, and then this AJl electrode is heated in an oxidizing atmosphere for a long time. Several tens to hundreds of h2.o3 films are formed by heating or other methods such as anodic oxidation.

そして再びこの上に下のA2電極と交叉するようにもう
一方の電2電極を蒸着すれば完成である。
Then, the other electrode 2 is deposited on top of this again so as to intersect with the lower A2 electrode to complete the process.

但し、絶縁皮膜についてはその厚み管理が本非線形素子
の特性を決める条件となると思われる。
However, the control of the thickness of the insulating film seems to be a condition that determines the characteristics of this nonlinear element.

なお、上述の絶縁薄膜を形成する方法としては、これ以
外にスパツタリングによる方法、イオンプラズマによる
陽極酸化などの方法が採用でき、また電極形成そのもの
も蒸着の他に化学的なメッキ法、スパツタリング、気相
反応法外どの種々の手段が考えられる。要は生産性がよ
く、シかも信頼性の高い方法を組合せればよいことにな
る。
In addition, as a method for forming the above-mentioned insulating thin film, methods such as sputtering and anodic oxidation using ion plasma can be adopted.Also, in addition to vapor deposition, the electrode formation itself can also be performed by chemical plating, sputtering, or vapor deposition. Various means other than the phase reaction method are conceivable. The key is to combine methods that are both highly productive and highly reliable.

第4図はこのようにして得た素子の代表的な特性例であ
シミ圧−電流特性に非直線性が認められることが特徴で
ある。この時の電流には2つの導体間にある電位障壁の
上を越えて電子が流れるショットキ効果によるものと、
電位障壁中をトンネル効果により電子が透過するものと
の二つが考えられ、絶縁層の膜厚が薄い場合には後者が
、膜厚が厚い場合には前者が有力な説明方法となってい
る。また、この素子のもう一つの特徴は特性が電圧の■
側、○側で対称性を有することで、これは液晶の交流駆
動に合せることができ好都合である。
FIG. 4 shows a typical characteristic example of the element thus obtained, which is characterized by nonlinearity in the stain pressure-current characteristics. The current at this time is due to the Schottky effect, where electrons flow over the potential barrier between the two conductors.
Two possible explanations are that electrons pass through the potential barrier due to a tunnel effect; the latter is the most likely explanation when the insulating layer is thin, and the former is the most likely explanation when the insulating layer is thick. Another feature of this element is that its characteristics are
By having symmetry on the side and the ○ side, this is advantageous because it can be matched with AC driving of the liquid crystal.

本発明は、このような特性を有する非線形素子と液晶の
表示素子を直列に組合せ、液晶表示の電圧−コントラス
ト特性を改良するものであり、第5図にその結果が示し
である。即ち、第2図の液晶だけの特性と較べると、明
らかにしきい値が明確になっていることが認められる。
The present invention improves the voltage-contrast characteristics of a liquid crystal display by combining a nonlinear element having such characteristics in series with a liquid crystal display element, and the results are shown in FIG. That is, when compared with the characteristics of only the liquid crystal shown in FIG. 2, it is recognized that the threshold value is clearly defined.

これは低電圧領域における非線形素子が第4図の特性に
よって高抵抗体として働き、これが液晶の抵抗とコンノ
々ラブルであるため、液晶にかかる印加電圧は実際の印
加電圧よシ小となシ、見かけ上液晶の電圧−コントラス
ト特性が高電圧側ヘシフトするためである。一方、高電
圧がこのデバイスに印加された場合には非線形素子は低
抵抗体としてふるまうので、印加電圧の大部分が液晶に
かかり、特性のシフトは少々い。従って、液晶の表示特
性(第2図)は、みかけ上第5図のように押し縮められ
た形となってしきい値がより明らかになるものである。
This is because the nonlinear element in the low voltage region acts as a high resistor due to the characteristics shown in Figure 4, and this is comparable to the resistance of the liquid crystal, so the voltage applied to the liquid crystal is smaller than the actual applied voltage. This is because the voltage-contrast characteristic of the liquid crystal apparently shifts to the higher voltage side. On the other hand, when a high voltage is applied to this device, the nonlinear element behaves as a low resistance object, so most of the applied voltage is applied to the liquid crystal, resulting in a slight shift in characteristics. Therefore, the display characteristics of the liquid crystal (FIG. 2) appear to be compressed as shown in FIG. 5, and the threshold value becomes clearer.

なお、前述の説明でわかるように低電圧域では付加素子
のインピーダンスが液晶のインピーダンスと同等程度以
上とならなければならない。しかし、この点については
絶縁層の膜厚コントロール及び液晶にイオン性の添加剤
を加えるなどの方法によって両者のインピーダンス調整
を行なえば解決がつく問題である。
Note that, as can be seen from the above explanation, in the low voltage range, the impedance of the additional element must be equal to or higher than the impedance of the liquid crystal. However, this problem can be solved by adjusting the impedance of both by controlling the thickness of the insulating layer and adding an ionic additive to the liquid crystal.

本発明は上述の素子の組合せによって多桁あるいはマト
リクス型の表示を構成し、これをダイナミック駆動する
ものである。その基本的な構成模式図は第6図に示した
非線形素子5と液晶セル6の直列回路をマトリクス状に
配線したものであり駆動方法については従来の+バイア
ス法、+バイアス法等をそのまま採用すればよい。例え
ば+バイアス法の場合には、図のX軸側電極に第1図の
アドレス信号(a)、  (1))等を印加し、一方、
Y軸側電極には表示信号の(e)をそれぞれ印加すれば
結局付加素子と液晶セルの直列回路には図の(d)、(
e)などの信号波形が加わることになる。この付加素子
と液晶セルの直列回路の特性は既に第5図に表わしたも
のであるから、選択波形、及び非選択波形のバイアス電
圧Vをこの曲線のしきい値vthに合わせれば、従来よ
り優れた液晶のグイナミンク駆動表示を得ることができ
る。
The present invention constructs a multi-digit or matrix type display by combining the above-mentioned elements, and dynamically drives this display. The basic configuration schematic diagram is shown in Figure 6, in which a series circuit of the nonlinear element 5 and the liquid crystal cell 6 is wired in a matrix, and the driving method is the conventional + bias method, + bias method, etc. do it. For example, in the case of the + bias method, the address signals (a), (1)), etc. in Figure 1 are applied to the X-axis side electrode in the figure, and on the other hand,
If the display signal (e) is applied to each Y-axis electrode, the series circuit of the additional element and the liquid crystal cell will eventually become (d) and () in the figure.
A signal waveform such as e) is added. The characteristics of the series circuit of this additional element and the liquid crystal cell are already shown in FIG. It is possible to obtain a liquid crystal Guinaminck-driven display.

即ち、先に述べた選択波形の実効値VRMB  とバイ
アス電圧Vの関係式(1)より であシ、この時の実効値VRM8  とバイアス電圧V
は第5図の飽和電圧V8at  としきい値電圧vth
にそれぞれ対応させてとれば、充分な表示コントラスト
が得られる筈だから なる関係が存在する。しかるに本発明による特性とがわ
かる。即ち、本発明によって、より多くの桁数を有する
表示、あるいはより多くの走査線数を有するマトリクス
表示をダイナミック駆動することができる。
That is, according to the relational expression (1) between the effective value VRMB of the selected waveform and the bias voltage V described earlier, the effective value VRM8 and the bias voltage V at this time are
are the saturation voltage V8at and threshold voltage vth in FIG.
There exists a relationship in which sufficient display contrast should be obtained if these are made to correspond to each other. However, the characteristics according to the present invention can be seen. That is, according to the present invention, a display having a larger number of digits or a matrix display having a larger number of scanning lines can be dynamically driven.

第7(A)図は、本発明によって多桁の表示を構成する
電極と非線形素子の配線例であシ、図の上部がセグメン
ト側の電極と非線形素子(丸印)を図の下部が桁電極側
の配線を表わしている。第6図との対応は桁電極1.U
〜■がx1電極に相当し、セグメント電極側のa、b・
・・・・・g%dotがYj電極群に相当している。従
って各非線形素子は図の丸以によって表わされたセグメ
ント電極からの配線と帯状のリード配線の交点に形成す
ればよく、素子形成の方法としては液晶セルの基板その
ものを利用して液晶セル基板上で全てを処理するのが実
用的であり、全体をコンパクトにまとめることができる
。通常、表示部の電極は透明導電薄膜をもって形成しな
ければならないため、本発明では表示部を離れた所から
非線形素子と同一の金属をもって継続配線をなし、同時
に付加素子の形成を行なえばよい。故に、本発明を現存
する全ての液晶表示デバイス、例えばDSM、’T’N
IFKM。
Figure 7(A) is an example of the wiring of electrodes and nonlinear elements that constitute a multi-digit display according to the present invention. This shows the wiring on the electrode side. The correspondence with Figure 6 is digit electrode 1. U
~ ■ corresponds to the x1 electrode, and a, b, and on the segment electrode side
...g%dot corresponds to the Yj electrode group. Therefore, each nonlinear element can be formed at the intersection of the wiring from the segment electrode and the strip-shaped lead wiring, which are indicated by the circles in the figure.The method for forming the element is to use the liquid crystal cell substrate itself. It is practical to process everything above, and the whole thing can be summarized compactly. Normally, the electrodes of the display section must be formed using a transparent conductive thin film, so in the present invention, continuous wiring may be formed using the same metal as the nonlinear element from a location away from the display section, and additional elements may be formed at the same time. Therefore, the present invention can be applied to all existing liquid crystal display devices, such as DSM, 'T'N
IFKM.

DAP、GUESTHO8T等に応用することに何ら支
障を与えることはない。逆に、後面が金属電極でなけれ
ばならないDSM表示等の光散乱型の表示には本発明の
適用が特殊ガ形で有利に適用できる。
There is no problem in applying it to DAP, GUESTHO8T, etc. On the contrary, the present invention can be advantageously applied to a light scattering type display such as a DSM display in which the rear surface must be a metal electrode.

第8図はDSMなどの光散乱型表示に本発明を適用した
例の断面図であシ、帯状電極群からなるマトリクス型表
示を表わしている。即ち、表示部の上側基板となるガラ
ス板7上に配された縦列の透明電極8、それに相対する
横列の島状金属電極9、非線形素子を形成するための絶
縁薄膜10、横列配線をなす金属配線11、及びこれら
の電極と付加素子を支持し、液晶物質15を挾持する下
基板12の各部から構成されている。従って、この図で
わかるように下基板上の最も液晶物質に近い金属薄膜9
は、非線形素子の一方の電極であると同時に液晶表示の
一方の電極であシ、かつコントラスト向上のための光反
射鏡面の役割を果している。この例はマトリクス表示を
表わしたもので様である。つまり、第7図の丸印によっ
て表わした付加素子群をセグメント電極下に設け、桁電
極群を透明導電薄膜によって形成し、かつセグメント電
極群を下基板上に、桁電極群を上基板上に配すればよい
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of an example in which the present invention is applied to a light scattering type display such as a DSM, and represents a matrix type display consisting of a group of band-shaped electrodes. That is, vertical columns of transparent electrodes 8 are arranged on the glass plate 7 which serves as the upper substrate of the display section, island-shaped metal electrodes 9 are arranged in horizontal columns opposite to the transparent electrodes 8, insulating thin films 10 for forming nonlinear elements, and metals forming the horizontal wirings. It is composed of wiring 11 and various parts of a lower substrate 12 that supports these electrodes and additional elements and holds a liquid crystal material 15 between them. Therefore, as can be seen in this figure, the metal thin film 9 closest to the liquid crystal material on the lower substrate
is one electrode of the nonlinear element and at the same time is one electrode of the liquid crystal display, and also plays the role of a light reflecting mirror surface for improving contrast. This example appears to represent a matrix display. In other words, the additional element group indicated by the circle in FIG. 7 is provided below the segment electrode, the digit electrode group is formed of a transparent conductive thin film, and the segment electrode group is placed on the lower substrate and the digit electrode group is placed on the upper substrate. All you have to do is arrange it.

本発明をさらに発展させた形で応用するには第9図のよ
うに、付加素子を形成した液晶セル基板上にさらに第1
図のような駆動波形を操作する液晶表示駆動用半導体I
Cチンブ14、さらには時間計測や演算機能を有するL
SI半導体チップ群をボンディングし配線を施せば、薄
型軽量で機能性に富んだデバイスを提供することができ
る。また、さらにはこの半導体ICの中に本発明で用い
る非線形素子を組み込んで、このICを液晶セル基板上
にポンディングしても全く同じである。即ち、5i−8
iO−IEiなどの半導体構成を有効に活用することが
できる。
In order to apply the present invention in a further developed form, as shown in FIG.
Semiconductor I for driving a liquid crystal display that operates the driving waveform as shown in the figure
C chimbu 14, and L with time measurement and calculation functions
By bonding and wiring a group of SI semiconductor chips, it is possible to provide a thin, lightweight, highly functional device. Moreover, even if the nonlinear element used in the present invention is incorporated into this semiconductor IC and this IC is bonded onto a liquid crystal cell substrate, the same result will occur. That is, 5i-8
A semiconductor configuration such as iO-IEi can be effectively utilized.

以上述べた如く、本発明は金属(半導体)−絶縁薄膜−
金属(半導体)の構造からなる簡単な付加素子の非線形
特性を液晶の表示特性改良に用いるものである。これに
よってもたらされる本発明の特徴は従来よりもより多く
のデジント数を有する多桁表示、あるいはよシ多くの走
査線数を有するマトリクス型表示のダイナミック駆動を
可能にし、この多重度′ff:増すものである。また本
発明は原理的に薄膜を応用するものであるため、付加素
子群を縮小、さらに集積化することができ、全液晶表示
デバイスをコンパクトに1とめることができる。
As described above, the present invention provides metal (semiconductor) - insulating thin film -
The nonlinear characteristics of a simple additional element made of a metal (semiconductor) structure are used to improve the display characteristics of liquid crystals. The feature of the present invention brought about by this enables dynamic driving of a multi-digit display having a larger number of digits or a matrix type display having a larger number of scanning lines than before, and this multiplicity 'ff: increases. It is something. Further, since the present invention basically applies a thin film, the additional element group can be reduced and further integrated, and the entire liquid crystal display device can be compactly integrated into one device.

従って、本発明は液晶を応用する上での駆動回路群の素
子数減少、さらには液晶表示の多機能化に継ながり、液
晶表示の応用分野を時計、電卓、小型計測器等をはじめ
として、将来はTV画像表示にまで拡大できるであろう
Therefore, the present invention reduces the number of elements in the drive circuit group when applying liquid crystals, and furthermore, increases the number of functions of liquid crystal displays, and expands the application fields of liquid crystal displays to watches, calculators, small measuring instruments, etc. In the future, it will be possible to expand to TV image display.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は現在用いられている液晶の+バイアス。 ダイナミック駆動波形例を示す図である。 (C)・・・・・・・・・・・・表示信号(d)・・・
・・・・・・・・・選択波形(θ)・・・・・・・・・
・・・非選択波形第2図は現在の液晶の電圧−コントラ
スト特性図である。 vth・・・・・・しきい値電圧 Veat ・・・飽和電圧 第5図(a) 、 (b)は本発明に用いる付加素子の
構造図である。 1・・・・・・・・・絶縁基板 2・・・・・・−・i絶縁薄膜 6.4・・・金属(半導体)電極 第4図は本発明に用いる付加素子の電圧−電流特性図で
ある。 第5図は本発明による非線形素子をプラスした液晶の電
圧−コントラスト特性図である。 第6図は本発明の基本模式図である。 5・・・、・・・・・・非線形素子 6・・・・・・・・・液晶セル Yj・・・Y@電極 第7図は本発明を応用したセグメント型多桁表示デバイ
スの配線例を示す図である。 a〜g、dat・・・セグメント配線 工〜■・・・・・・・・・・・・桁電極第8図は光散乱
型液晶表示に本発明を応用した際の電極配線例の断面図
である。 7・・・・・・・・・・・・ガラス基板8・・・・・・
・・・・・・透明導電薄膜?・・・・・・・・・・・・
金属電極 10・・・・・・・・・絶縁薄膜 11・・・・・・・・・金属電極及び配線12・・・・
・・・・・絶縁基板 15・・・・・・・・・液晶物質 第9図は本発明をさらに拡大応用した液晶表示の概略図
である。 14・・・・・・・・・半導体■Cチンプ以   上 a1Mi1人  セイコーエプソン株式会社第4図 wI5図 Y、j 第6図 第7図 rr     rr     rr      ++ 
    rr  □7第8図 第9図 手続補正書(自発) IO1□4111゜ 昭和  年特許願第    号 2、発明の名称 液晶表示装置 3、補正をする者 4イ、ワ7、  頽輯役股部一部 〒104 東京都中央区京橋2丁目6番21号株式会社
 股部セイコー内 最上特許事務所1、特許請求の範囲 特徴とする液晶表示装置。」
Figure 1 shows the + bias of currently used liquid crystals. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a dynamic drive waveform. (C)...Display signal (d)...
・・・・・・・・・Selected waveform (θ)・・・・・・・・・
. . . Non-selected waveform FIG. 2 is a voltage-contrast characteristic diagram of current liquid crystals. vth... Threshold voltage Veat... Saturation voltage Figures 5(a) and 5(b) are structural diagrams of additional elements used in the present invention. 1...Insulating substrate 2...i Insulating thin film 6.4...Metal (semiconductor) electrode Figure 4 shows the voltage-current characteristics of the additional element used in the present invention. It is a diagram. FIG. 5 is a voltage-contrast characteristic diagram of a liquid crystal including a nonlinear element according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a basic schematic diagram of the present invention. 5...Nonlinear element 6...Liquid crystal cell Yj...Y@electrode Figure 7 is a wiring example of a segment type multi-digit display device to which the present invention is applied. FIG. a to g, dat...Segment wiring work~ ■......... Girth electrode Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of an example of electrode wiring when the present invention is applied to a light-scattering liquid crystal display. It is. 7...Glass substrate 8...
...Transparent conductive thin film?・・・・・・・・・・・・
Metal electrode 10...Insulating thin film 11...Metal electrode and wiring 12...
. . . Insulating substrate 15 . . . Liquid crystal material FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display which is a further enlarged application of the present invention. 14・・・・・・・・・Semiconductor ■C chimp or above a1Mi1 person Seiko Epson Corporation Fig. 4 wI 5 Fig. Y, j Fig. 6 Fig. 7 rr rr rr ++
rr □7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Procedural amendment (voluntary) IO1□4111゜Showa year patent application No. 2, Title of invention Liquid crystal display device 3, Person making the amendment 4 A, W 7, Coordination department Part of Mogami Patent Office 1, Matabe Seiko Co., Ltd., 2-6-21 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104. Claims A liquid crystal display device characterized by: ”

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 対向する一対の基板間に液晶が封入されてなり、該基板
の一方の基板上にはマトリクス状に配列された液晶駆動
電極及び導電配線を有してなる液晶表示装置において、
該導電配線に接続されてなる第1半導体電極と該第1半
導体電極上に形成されてなる酸化被膜と該酸化被膜に接
続してなる第2半導体電極とにより半導体−絶縁膜−半
導体の非線型素子が形成されてなり、該液晶駆動電極は
、該非線型素子を介して該導電配線に電気的に接続され
てなる事を特徴とする液晶表示装置。
A liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal sealed between a pair of opposing substrates, and having liquid crystal drive electrodes and conductive wiring arranged in a matrix on one of the substrates,
A semiconductor-insulating film-semiconductor nonlinear structure is formed by a first semiconductor electrode connected to the conductive wiring, an oxide film formed on the first semiconductor electrode, and a second semiconductor electrode connected to the oxide film. 1. A liquid crystal display device, wherein a liquid crystal drive electrode is electrically connected to the conductive wiring via the non-linear element.
JP61056137A 1986-03-14 1986-03-14 Liquid crystal display device Granted JPS6211828A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61056137A JPS6211828A (en) 1986-03-14 1986-03-14 Liquid crystal display device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61056137A JPS6211828A (en) 1986-03-14 1986-03-14 Liquid crystal display device

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP6532076A Division JPS52149090A (en) 1976-06-04 1976-06-04 Liquid crystal display device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6211828A true JPS6211828A (en) 1987-01-20
JPS64704B2 JPS64704B2 (en) 1989-01-09

Family

ID=13018684

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61056137A Granted JPS6211828A (en) 1986-03-14 1986-03-14 Liquid crystal display device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6211828A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02179608A (en) * 1988-12-29 1990-07-12 Seiko Instr Inc Driving system for display device
EP0622659A2 (en) * 1993-04-30 1994-11-02 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha A liquid crystal display apparatus using a two-terminal device as a switching device
US5642212A (en) * 1993-02-03 1997-06-24 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Display apparatus having a two-terminal device including a zinc sulfide layer and method for producing the same
US5734452A (en) * 1994-09-26 1998-03-31 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Two-terminal non-linear resistive device and a method for producing the same in which nickel or iron is an impurity in the zinc sulfide layer

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4940497A (en) * 1972-08-19 1974-04-16
JPS4960696A (en) * 1972-10-13 1974-06-12
JPS4976648U (en) * 1972-10-20 1974-07-03
JPS4974438A (en) * 1972-10-10 1974-07-18
JPS5135298A (en) * 1974-09-20 1976-03-25 Hitachi Ltd EKISHOHYOJISOCHI
JPS52149090A (en) * 1976-06-04 1977-12-10 Seiko Epson Corp Liquid crystal display device
JPS58172690A (en) * 1982-04-01 1983-10-11 セイコーエプソン株式会社 Liquid crystal electro-optic unit

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4940497A (en) * 1972-08-19 1974-04-16
JPS4974438A (en) * 1972-10-10 1974-07-18
JPS4960696A (en) * 1972-10-13 1974-06-12
JPS4976648U (en) * 1972-10-20 1974-07-03
JPS5135298A (en) * 1974-09-20 1976-03-25 Hitachi Ltd EKISHOHYOJISOCHI
JPS52149090A (en) * 1976-06-04 1977-12-10 Seiko Epson Corp Liquid crystal display device
JPS58172690A (en) * 1982-04-01 1983-10-11 セイコーエプソン株式会社 Liquid crystal electro-optic unit

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02179608A (en) * 1988-12-29 1990-07-12 Seiko Instr Inc Driving system for display device
US5642212A (en) * 1993-02-03 1997-06-24 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Display apparatus having a two-terminal device including a zinc sulfide layer and method for producing the same
US5663020A (en) * 1993-02-03 1997-09-02 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Display apparatus having a two-terminal device including a zinc sulfide layer and a method for producing the same
EP0622659A2 (en) * 1993-04-30 1994-11-02 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha A liquid crystal display apparatus using a two-terminal device as a switching device
EP0622659A3 (en) * 1993-04-30 1995-05-17 Sharp Kk A liquid crystal display apparatus using a two-terminal device as a switching device.
US5642211A (en) * 1993-04-30 1997-06-24 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Liquid crystal display apparatus having a non-linear resistor connected to the pixel electrode and using a two-terminal device as a switching device
US5734452A (en) * 1994-09-26 1998-03-31 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Two-terminal non-linear resistive device and a method for producing the same in which nickel or iron is an impurity in the zinc sulfide layer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS64704B2 (en) 1989-01-09

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