JPS6198641A - Liquid crystal type dazzle preventive mirror - Google Patents

Liquid crystal type dazzle preventive mirror

Info

Publication number
JPS6198641A
JPS6198641A JP21861584A JP21861584A JPS6198641A JP S6198641 A JPS6198641 A JP S6198641A JP 21861584 A JP21861584 A JP 21861584A JP 21861584 A JP21861584 A JP 21861584A JP S6198641 A JPS6198641 A JP S6198641A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
light
output
circuit
mirror
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP21861584A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH048262B2 (en
Inventor
Mitsuo Miyaji
宮地 光男
Fumiyoshi Sato
佐藤 文義
Shinji Matsuda
松田 紳二
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Ichikoh Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Ichikoh Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nissan Motor Co Ltd, Ichikoh Industries Ltd filed Critical Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Priority to JP21861584A priority Critical patent/JPS6198641A/en
Publication of JPS6198641A publication Critical patent/JPS6198641A/en
Publication of JPH048262B2 publication Critical patent/JPH048262B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/08Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors
    • B60R1/083Anti-glare mirrors, e.g. "day-night" mirrors
    • B60R1/088Anti-glare mirrors, e.g. "day-night" mirrors using a cell of electrically changeable optical characteristic, e.g. liquid-crystal or electrochromic mirrors

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a driver from feeling the languor by keeping unchanged a coefficient of reflection of a mirror even in case of receiving an intermittent light while traveling along a letter S-like curve. CONSTITUTION:A liquid crystal type dazzle preventive mirror is operated on the basis of signals from the first light detection part 3, which receives and detects an irradiating light from the rear of a vehicle, and also from the second light detection part 2, which receives and detects lightness of the surroundings. When lightness of the surroundings is light enough, liquid crystal LCD comes to have high coefficient of reflection, and also when the surroundings are dark enough and a bright light is not irradiated from the rear, the liquid crystal LCD comes to have high coefficient of reflection. On the the other hand, when the surroundings are dark enough and the bright light is irradiated from the rear continuously for more than a certain time, the liquid crystal LCD comes to have low coefficient of reflection, while it comes to have high coefficient again when the surroundings become continuously dark for more than a certain time after shielding the light.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の利用分野〕 本発明は液晶式の車輌用防眩ミラーに関するものである
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a liquid crystal type anti-glare mirror for a vehicle.

〔従来技術の説明〕[Description of prior art]

従来の液晶式ルームミラーは、例えば特開昭58−14
119号等で提案されており、ミラー反射面に液晶を充
填してなるもので、後続車輌等からの照射光がミラー面
で反射し、運転者に眩惑を与えるような場合、運転者に
よるスイッチ切換、あるいはその照射光を受光素子によ
り自動検知し、液晶駆動回路を作動してミラー反射面を
「暗」状態とし、防眩作用をなすものである。
The conventional liquid crystal room mirror is, for example, disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-14
119, etc., and is made by filling the reflective surface of the mirror with liquid crystal.If the light emitted from a following vehicle etc. is reflected on the mirror surface and dazzles the driver, the driver can switch it. The switching or the irradiation light is automatically detected by a light receiving element, and the liquid crystal drive circuit is activated to turn the mirror reflection surface into a "dark" state, thereby providing an anti-glare effect.

一方、例えば特開昭54−155538号等によって周
囲の明るさを検知する受光素子と後続車前照灯の明るさ
を検知する受光素子を車輌に設け、周囲の明るさに応じ
た防眩を行なえるミラーが提案されている。
On the other hand, for example, according to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-155538, a light-receiving element that detects the surrounding brightness and a light-receiving element that detects the brightness of the headlight of the following vehicle are installed in the vehicle, and anti-glare is implemented according to the surrounding brightness. A mirror that can do this has been proposed.

しかしながら、このような防眩ミラーにあっては、受光
素子からの信号変化に即座に追従してしまい、例えば、
車輌が曲がりくねった道路を走行している様な場合、後
方車輌の前照灯から断続的な光を受光し、その都度ミラ
ーの反射率を変化させるので、運転者にうっとうしさを
与える。
However, such an anti-glare mirror immediately follows changes in the signal from the light-receiving element.
When a vehicle is driving on a winding road, it receives intermittent light from the headlights of the vehicle behind it, and the reflectance of the mirror changes each time, causing annoyance to the driver.

〔発明の目的〕[Purpose of the invention]

本発明は前記した従来技術における問題点に鑑みなされ
たものであって、特に夜間走行時、運転者にうっとうし
さを与えることのない高精度、高安定の液晶式防眩ミラ
ー装置を提供することを目的とする。
The present invention has been made in view of the problems in the prior art described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a highly accurate and highly stable liquid crystal type anti-glare mirror device that does not cause annoyance to the driver, especially when driving at night. With the goal.

〔発明の概要〕[Summary of the invention]

かかる目的を達成するため本発明による液晶式防眩ミラ
ー装置は、車輌後方からの照射光を受光検知する第1の
光検知部と、周囲の明るさを受光検知する第2の光検知
部と、ミラー前面に設けられミラー反射率を異ならせて
防眩を行なう液晶と、前記第2の光検知部が所定値以上
の明るさを検知したとき、又は、前記第2の光検知部が
所定値以上の明るさを検知せず、かつ前記第1の光検知
部が所定値以上の明るさを検知しないときに、前記ミラ
ーが低反射率になるような液晶駆動信号を出力する液晶
駆動回路と、前記第1.2の光検知部の一時的な信号の
変化を吸収するディレー回路とにより構成した。
In order to achieve this object, the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror device according to the present invention includes a first light detection section that receives and detects light irradiated from the rear of the vehicle, and a second light detection section that receives and detects surrounding brightness. , when the liquid crystal provided on the front surface of the mirror performs anti-glare by varying mirror reflectance and the second light detection section detects brightness of a predetermined value or more, or when the second light detection section detects a brightness of a predetermined value or more. a liquid crystal drive circuit that outputs a liquid crystal drive signal that causes the mirror to have a low reflectance when the first light detection section does not detect brightness exceeding a predetermined value and when the first light detection section does not detect brightness exceeding a predetermined value; and a delay circuit that absorbs the temporary signal change of the photodetector section 1.2.

〔発明の実施例〕[Embodiments of the invention]

以下、添付図に従って本発明の一実施例を詳述する。第
1図は液晶式防眩ミラー装置の具体的な回路図であって
、図中1はスイッチS W、、 S w。
Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a specific circuit diagram of a liquid crystal anti-glare mirror device, and 1 in the figure indicates switches SW, SW.

SW3.と表示器(発光素子L E D )からなるス
イッチ回路である。2は周囲の明るさを検知する第1の
受光素子PS1と、第1の増幅器(オペアンプ)IC,
と、ある幅のヒステリシスを有し、受光照度が高く、あ
る明るさ以上となったときに「L」レヘルを出力する第
1の比較器IC4とからなる周囲の明るさを検知するた
めの第2の光検知部である。3は後方からの入射光を検
知する第1の光検知部で、夜間等、後続車輌からの照射
光を検知する第2の受光素子PS2と、その感度を調節
する可変抵抗VR,と、受光素子PS2での検出照度を
設定するための増幅器IC,と、ある幅のヒステリシス
をもち、受光素子PS2の出力信号と増幅器IC,から
の再出力信号を比較する比較回路IC2とからなる後方
からの光を検知する光検知部である。4はAND回路、
5はハザード吸収回路とワンショット回路とOR回路か
らなるディレー回路、6は矩形波発振器とT型フリップ
フロップ回路と、EXOR回路とからなる液晶駆動回路
、7は電源変動電圧を一定にするための定電圧回路、8
は電源極性の逆接続から回路を保護する電源逆接保護回
路(ダイオード)である。
SW3. This is a switch circuit consisting of a display device (light emitting element L ED ) and a display device (light emitting element L ED ). 2 is a first light receiving element PS1 that detects ambient brightness, a first amplifier (operational amplifier) IC,
and a first comparator IC4 that has a certain width of hysteresis and outputs "L" level when the received light illuminance is high and exceeds a certain brightness. This is the second light detection section. Reference numeral 3 denotes a first light detection unit that detects incident light from the rear, a second light detection element PS2 that detects light irradiated from a following vehicle at night, etc., a variable resistor VR that adjusts its sensitivity, and a light detection unit that detects light incident from the rear. The circuit from the rear consists of an amplifier IC for setting the detected illuminance at the element PS2, and a comparison circuit IC2 which has a certain width of hysteresis and compares the output signal of the light receiving element PS2 and the re-output signal from the amplifier IC. This is a light detection section that detects light. 4 is an AND circuit,
5 is a delay circuit consisting of a hazard absorption circuit, a one-shot circuit, and an OR circuit; 6 is a liquid crystal drive circuit consisting of a rectangular wave oscillator, a T-type flip-flop circuit, and an EXOR circuit; 7 is a circuit for making the power fluctuation voltage constant. Constant voltage circuit, 8
is a reverse power supply protection circuit (diode) that protects the circuit from reverse connection of power supply polarity.

なお図中、IC5はAND素子、I C?、 I cq
はOR素子、■c6.rcaはバッファ回路素子、IC
,。〜IC+3はインバータ回路素子、IC,、はT型
フリップフロプ、IC+sはEXOR回路素子、BTは
バッテリー、LCDはミラーを構成する液晶、R1−R
2゜は抵抗である。
In the figure, IC5 is an AND element, IC? , I cq
is an OR element, ■c6. rca is a buffer circuit element, IC
,. ~IC+3 is an inverter circuit element, IC,, is a T-type flip-flop, IC+s is an EXOR circuit element, BT is a battery, LCD is a liquid crystal forming a mirror, R1-R
2° is resistance.

なお、前記スイッチSW、〜SW3のスイッチモードは
第1表に示す通りであり、AND回路。
The switch modes of the switches SW and SW3 are as shown in Table 1, and are AND circuits.

OR回路、EXOR回路の論理出力は第2表〜第4表の
如くである。
The logical outputs of the OR circuit and EXOR circuit are as shown in Tables 2 to 4.

第1表 (スイッチモード) 第2表   第3表   第4表 AND        OREXOR まず、ハソテリーBTがスイッチSW4のオンにより接
続され、スイッチsw、−3Wflが第1表の第1行目
の接続に有る時は、スイッチS W 3を介しての出力
Cは何れの回路とも接続されないのでIC,。の入力は
抵抗R5を経由して接地され、従ってその入力はrLJ
レヘルである。ICIoはインバータICであるので、
その出力はrHJレベルとなる。また、同時にI C,
、〜IC,,と抵抗R3,R4とコンデンサC3によっ
て構成した矩形波発振器も作動し、第2図の波形(イ)
の出力をIC+3より出力し、IC+4の入力へ伝達す
る。IC24はT型(フリップフロップ)であるので・
その動作より入力の立上り時点で作動し、かつ前記立上
り時点の1回おきにその出力を反転するので、その出力
波形は第2図の(ロ)の如くなる。この出力信号は液晶
LCDの一端へ接続されると共に、lCe5のIC,o
と接続されていない側の入力に伝達される。IC+sは
EXOR回路であるので、その論理出力は第4表の如く
なる。前述の如(rc+。
Table 1 (switch mode) Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 AND OREXOR First, when the BT is connected by turning on the switch SW4, and the switches sw and -3Wfl are connected in the first row of Table 1. IC, since the output C via the switch SW3 is not connected to any circuit. The input of is grounded via resistor R5, so its input is rLJ
It is Lehel. Since ICIo is an inverter IC,
Its output becomes rHJ level. Also, at the same time, I C,
, ~IC,, the rectangular wave oscillator composed of resistors R3, R4, and capacitor C3 also operates, and the waveform (a) in Fig. 2 is generated.
The output is outputted from IC+3 and transmitted to the input of IC+4. Since IC24 is T-type (flip-flop),
According to its operation, it operates at the rising edge of the input, and the output is inverted every other rising edge, so the output waveform becomes as shown in FIG. 2 (b). This output signal is connected to one end of the liquid crystal LCD, and the IC of lCe5, o
and is transmitted to the input on the side that is not connected. Since IC+s is an EXOR circuit, its logical output is as shown in Table 4. As mentioned above (rc+.

の出力はrHJ 、即ち、EXOR回路の片側入力はr
HJで固定されており、他方の入力は第2図の波形(ロ
)が入力されるので、その結果EXOR回路の出力は第
4表より明らかに位相が90度ずれた波形、即ち第2図
の波形(ハ)の様な信号波形となる。この信号が液晶L
 CDの他端と接続されているので、その結果、液晶L
 CDの駆動波形は第2図の波形(ニ)の如くなる。こ
の状態が液晶L CDのミラーとしての高反射率時を意
味する。
The output of is rHJ, that is, the input of one side of the EXOR circuit is r
HJ is fixed at HJ, and the other input is the waveform (b) in Figure 2. As a result, the output of the EXOR circuit is clearly a waveform whose phase is shifted by 90 degrees from Table 4, that is, the waveform shown in Figure 2. The signal waveform becomes as shown in waveform (c). This signal is the liquid crystal L
Since it is connected to the other end of the CD, as a result, the LCD L
The CD drive waveform is as shown in waveform (d) in FIG. This state means that the liquid crystal LCD has a high reflectance as a mirror.

なお、液晶LCDへの駆動波形をT型フリップフロップ
(FF)を経由しない波形、即ち第3図の(イ)〜(ハ
)波形く通常の矩形波発振器では第3図の如く発振波形
のデユーティ−が1:1にすることが難しい)を加える
と液晶LCDの一端と他端との通電時間が異なり、その
結果、デユーティ−の差の分、片側から直流を加えたと
同じ条件となり、液晶1.、 CDの寿命が短かくなる
Note that the driving waveform to the liquid crystal display is a waveform that does not pass through a T-type flip-flop (FF), that is, the waveforms (A) to (C) in Figure 3.In a normal square wave oscillator, the duty of the oscillation waveform is as shown in Figure 3. - is difficult to make 1:1), the energizing time between one end and the other end of the liquid crystal LCD will be different, and as a result, the condition will be the same as if DC was applied from one side by the difference in duty, and the liquid crystal 1 .. , the lifespan of the CD will be shortened.

次にスイッチSW1〜SW3が第1表の第2行目の接続
になると、スイッチSW3の出力CはスイッチSW1を
経由して定電圧電源が伝達されるので、その結果rHJ
となり、この信号がIC,。
Next, when the switches SW1 to SW3 are connected in the second row of Table 1, the constant voltage power is transmitted to the output C of the switch SW3 via the switch SW1, resulting in rHJ
This signal is IC,.

の入力に伝達される。その結果、ICIoの出力はrL
Jとなり、I C,5の片側入力はrLJに固定される
。他方の入力には前述同様、第2図の波形(ロ)の信号
が入力されている。第4表よりIC。
is transmitted to the input of As a result, the output of ICIo is rL
J, and one side input of IC,5 is fixed to rLJ. As before, the signal having the waveform (b) in FIG. 2 is input to the other input. IC from Table 4.

ノ出力の一端を11.Jに固定すると、その出力は他端
の入力信号と同相信号を出力することがあきらかである
ので、その結果、液晶LCDの両端へは第2図の波形(
ロ)の信号が同時に加わり、液晶LCDは通電されなく
なる。この状態が液晶LCDのミラーとしての低反射率
時を意味する。
11. If it is fixed at J, it is obvious that the output will be in phase with the input signal at the other end, so as a result, the waveform shown in Figure 2 will be output to both ends of the liquid crystal LCD.
The signals b) are added at the same time, and the liquid crystal LCD is no longer energized. This state means that the reflectance of the liquid crystal LCD as a mirror is low.

次にスイッチSW1〜SW3が第1表の第3行目または
第4行目の接続になるとスイッチsw2により液晶LE
Dが定電圧電源と接続され点灯されると共にスイッチs
w3の出力C2即ちIC,。
Next, when the switches SW1 to SW3 are connected to the third or fourth row of Table 1, the switch sw2 switches the liquid crystal LE.
D is connected to a constant voltage power supply and turned on, and switch s is turned on.
Output C2 of w3, ie IC.

の入力はIC7の出力と接続される。The input of is connected to the output of IC7.

「先ず周囲の明るさが充分に明るい時」ICの出力S1
は、 Q− (なお、Vccは定電圧、nは増幅率)で表わされる。
"First, when the surrounding brightness is sufficiently bright" IC output S1
is expressed as Q- (where Vcc is a constant voltage and n is an amplification factor).

この出力Sが抵抗RI4〜R+qとIC4からなる比較
器の(+)個入力に伝達される。
This output S is transmitted to (+) inputs of a comparator consisting of resistors RI4 to R+q and IC4.

一方、(=)個入力には抵抗RI6+  RI7により
基準設定値 R,6+R,。
On the other hand, (=) inputs are provided with reference setting values R, 6+R, by resistors RI6+RI7.

が設定しである。又、この比較器は光検出器PSIの信
号、即ち、IC3の出力が設定値近辺で多少増減して入
力されても、比較器の出力が rHJとrLJを繰返さ
ない様にヒステリシス幅I5 を持たせである。
is set. Moreover, this comparator has a hysteresis width I5 so that even if the signal of the photodetector PSI, that is, the output of IC3 is inputted with a slight increase or decrease around the set value, the output of the comparator does not repeat rHJ and rLJ. It is set.

なお、受光部のICI及びIC3の特性、比較回路部の
IC2及びICaの特性を第4図の如くとすると、今、
光検出器ps、に受光された明るさが第4図(a)の1
点とするとIC,の出力電圧はvlとなる。この出力電
圧V、をV、 =ref。
If the characteristics of ICI and IC3 in the light receiving section and the characteristics of IC2 and ICa in the comparison circuit section are as shown in Fig. 4, now,
The brightness received by the photodetector ps is 1 in Fig. 4(a).
If it is a point, the output voltage of the IC will be vl. This output voltage V, is V, =ref.

としてIC4の(−)入力に設定して置(と、周囲の明
るさが1点以下の暗さになる迄IC4の出力は rLJ
を維持する。この信号はIC5のAND回路の一方の入
力に伝達される。AND回路は前記の第2表に示す如き
論理出力となるので、この結果AND回路の出力は一方
の入力が「L」レベルであれば他方の入力の如何に拘わ
らす、「L」レベルとなる。この結果、ダイオードD3
.DJ、抵抗RI8〜R2o1コンデンサC4,C5、
IC6〜IC9で構成されるディレー回路も作動せず、
IC7の出力もrLJレベルとなる。このIC,lの出
力はスイッチSW、を経由してICI。の入力に伝達さ
れるのでICIoの入力もrLJレベルとなる。この状
態は第1表の第1行目で説明した動作と同じであるので
、その結果L CDは高反射率となる。
(and the output of IC4 is rLJ until the surrounding brightness becomes less than 1 point dark).
maintain. This signal is transmitted to one input of the AND circuit of IC5. Since the AND circuit has a logical output as shown in Table 2 above, as a result, if one input is at the "L" level, the output of the AND circuit will be at the "L" level regardless of the other input. . As a result, diode D3
.. DJ, resistor RI8 ~ R2o1 capacitor C4, C5,
The delay circuit consisting of IC6 to IC9 also does not operate,
The output of IC7 also becomes rLJ level. The output of this IC,l is sent to ICI via switch SW. The input of ICIo also becomes rLJ level. Since this condition is the same as the operation described in the first row of Table 1, the LCD has a high reflectance as a result.

「次に周囲の明るさが充分に暗い時」 IC,の出力Sは、 で表される。この出力S2がRIl−RとICからなる
比較器の(−)個入力に伝達される。一方、(+)個入
力には抵抗Ra、 Rq、 R+。により基4を設定値 が設定しである。
"Next, when the surrounding brightness is sufficiently dark," the output S of the IC is expressed as . This output S2 is transmitted to (-) inputs of a comparator consisting of RI1-R and IC. On the other hand, the (+) inputs are resistors Ra, Rq, and R+. The set value is set based on base 4.

また、この比較器は光検出器PS2の信号、即ちICI
の出力が設定値近辺で多少増域して入力されても、比較
器の出力がIN(J、rl、」を繰返さない様にヒステ
リシス中 をもだせである。今、受光素子psに受光された明るさ
が第4図(a)の0点とすると、TCI の出力電圧は
Vとなる。この出力電圧V2をV2−ref2としてI
C2のく+)入力に設定して置くと、周囲の明るさが口
点以」二の明るさになる迄、IC2の出力↓よrLJレ
ベルを維持する。この信号がIC5のAND回路の他方
の入力に伝達されているので、第2表よりその出力はr
LJレヘレベなり、前述同様にIC1の出力もrLJレ
ベルとなり、液晶LCDは高反射率となる。ここで、受
光素子PS2の感度を変更する為、可変抵抗V R+を
変化させた場合について説明する。今、可変抵抗■R1
をV R’ + > V RI(V R’ +は新規設
定値)としたとすると、 ICI の出力312は となる。今、受光素子PS2の受光している明るさが一
定とすると、VR’、>VR,であるのでIC1の出力
は前記の式より32 >312となり、その結果見掛は
上、受光照度が上昇したこととなり、52−ref2〉
S′□ よりIC2の出力はrHJを出力する。又、可変抵抗V
R,をVR’l<VRI とすると前記の式より32<
S”2となり、その結果見掛は上、受光照度が下降した
こととなり、 52=ref2<S’2 よりIC,の出力はIN、Jを出力する。即ち、可変抵
抗VRIの値を大きくすると受光素子PS。
Also, this comparator is connected to the signal of photodetector PS2, that is, ICI
Even if the output of the comparator is input with a slight increase in frequency around the set value, the comparator output must be in hysteresis so that it does not repeat IN(J, rl,).Now, the light received by the photodetector ps When the brightness is set to 0 point in Fig. 4(a), the output voltage of TCI becomes V. This output voltage V2 is set as V2-ref2 and I
When set to C2's +) input, the output of IC2 will maintain the rLJ level until the ambient brightness becomes as bright as the mouth point. Since this signal is transmitted to the other input of the AND circuit of IC5, the output is r
Since the LJ level is reached, the output of IC1 is also at the rLJ level as described above, and the liquid crystal LCD has a high reflectance. Here, a case will be described in which the variable resistor V R+ is changed in order to change the sensitivity of the light receiving element PS2. Now, variable resistor ■R1
Assuming that V R' + > V RI (VR' + is a new setting value), the output 312 of the ICI is as follows. Now, assuming that the brightness of the light received by the photodetector PS2 is constant, VR', > VR, so the output of IC1 is 32 > 312 from the above formula, and as a result, the apparent appearance is higher and the received light intensity increases. Therefore, 52-ref2〉
From S'□, the output of IC2 is rHJ. Also, variable resistance V
If R, is VR'l<VRI, then from the above formula, 32<
S'2, and as a result, the apparent illuminance is up and the received light intensity is down, and from 52=ref2<S'2, the IC outputs IN and J. In other words, when the value of the variable resistor VRI is increased, Photodetector PS.

の値が大きく、即ち、受光照度が下らないとIC。If the value of is large, that is, the received light illuminance does not decrease, it is IC.

の出力がrHJレベルを出力するので、受光素子PSE
の感度が上昇したことになる。又、可変抵抗V R+ 
の値を小さくすると、受光素子PS2の値が小さく、即
ち、受光照度が上らないとIC2の出力がrLJレベル
を維持するので、受光素子P S 2の感度が下降した
ことになる。すなわち、可変抵抗VR,を調整すること
により受光素子の感度を任意に変えられる。
Since the output of is at rHJ level, the light receiving element PSE
This means that the sensitivity has increased. Also, variable resistance V R+
If the value of is decreased, the value of the photodetector PS2 is small, that is, unless the received light illuminance increases, the output of IC2 will maintain the rLJ level, which means that the sensitivity of the photodetector PS2 has decreased. That is, the sensitivity of the light receiving element can be changed arbitrarily by adjusting the variable resistor VR.

次に周囲の明るさが充分に暗い時、後方より明るい光が
受光素子PS2に入射した時受光素子PS、の受光照度
は低いので第4図(b)よりIC4の出力はrHJレベ
ルである。従ってICsの一方の入力もrHJレベルで
ある。今、受光素子PS2に明るい光が入射されICI
の出力、即ち、IC2の(−)入力が■2以下になると
、rczの出力はrHJレベルになる。この信号がIC
5の他の入力に伝達され、その結果IC5の出力は前記
第2表よりrHJレベルとなる。この信号がダイオード
D3.D4、抵抗R,8,R,7、コンデンサC6、I
C6からなるバザード吸収回路に伝達される。
Next, when the surrounding brightness is sufficiently dark, when bright light from behind enters the light receiving element PS2, the received light illuminance of the light receiving element PS is low, so as shown in FIG. 4(b), the output of IC4 is at the rHJ level. Therefore, one input of the ICs is also at the rHJ level. Now, bright light is incident on the photodetector PS2 and the ICI
When the output of , that is, the (-) input of IC2 becomes less than 2, the output of rcz becomes rHJ level. This signal is IC
As a result, the output of IC5 becomes rHJ level as shown in Table 2 above. This signal is connected to diode D3. D4, resistor R, 8, R, 7, capacitor C6, I
It is transmitted to the buzzard absorption circuit consisting of C6.

この回路はIC5の出力がr L Jレベルの時、コン
デンサC4はダイオードD4、 抵抗RI9を経て接地
されているのでコンデンサC4の電荷は零である。今、
IC5の出力がrHJレベルとなりその信号がダイオー
ドD3抵抗R11+を経てIC6の入力に伝達されるが
、コンデンサC4の電荷が零であった為、IC6の入力
は直ぐには「H」レベルが加わらず、 cc の充電電圧が加わり、eo>IC6のVTI+(スレッ
シホールド電圧通常Vccの約1/2の電圧)になると
、IC6の出力はrHJレベルとなる。
In this circuit, when the output of IC5 is at the rLJ level, the capacitor C4 is grounded via the diode D4 and the resistor RI9, so the charge on the capacitor C4 is zero. now,
The output of IC5 becomes rHJ level and the signal is transmitted to the input of IC6 via the diode D3 resistor R11+, but since the charge of capacitor C4 was zero, the "H" level is not applied to the input of IC6 immediately. When a charging voltage of cc is added and eo>VTI+ of IC6 (threshold voltage is usually about 1/2 of Vcc), the output of IC6 becomes the rHJ level.

eo〉IC6のV、1.になるにばその時間cc かかる。即ち、IC6の出力はIC3の出力がr HJ
レベルになってから時間TW、遅れてrHJレベルとな
る。この信号がI C?、I CqのOR回路(表3の
論理となる)を経てIC7の出力が[HJレレベとなり
、IC,、)の出力がr T−Jレベルとなり、以後、
前述の動作で液晶L CDへは同相信号が加わり低い反
射率となる。
eo〉V of IC6, 1. It will take cc of that time. That is, the output of IC6 is r HJ
It reaches the rHJ level after a time TW after reaching the rHJ level. Is this signal IC? , I Cq through the OR circuit (the logic shown in Table 3), the output of IC7 becomes [HJ level, and the output of IC,, ) becomes r T-J level, and henceforth,
In the above-described operation, an in-phase signal is applied to the liquid crystal LCD, resulting in a low reflectance.

そして、IC5の出力の立上がりからIC9の立」二が
り迄の様子は第5図の波形(イ)、(ロ)。
The waveforms (a) and (b) in Figure 5 show the state from the rise of the output of IC5 to the rise of the output of IC9.

(ハ)、(へ)となる。次に受光素子PS2に受光され
てた明るい光が無くなったとき、IC,の出力、即ら、
I C2ノ(−)入力がv2+h2以上になるとIC2
の出力はr L Jレベルとなり、IC5の出力も第2
表よりrLJレベルとなる。
(c), (f). Next, when the bright light received by the light receiving element PS2 disappears, the output of the IC, i.e.,
IC2 when the (-) input becomes more than v2+h2
The output of IC5 is at the r L J level, and the output of IC5 is also at the second level.
From the table, it is the rLJ level.

このO力がrLJレベルになるとrc6の入力も「0」
レベルになろうとするが、直ぐにはrLJレヘレベなれ
ず cc 後にrLJレベルとなる。
When this O force reaches rLJ level, the input of rc6 is also "0"
It tries to reach the rLJ level, but it cannot reach the rLJ level right away and becomes the rLJ level after cc.

この結果IC6の出力も「L」レベルとなり、I C?
 、  I Cqの出力もrLJレベルとなる。そして
、IC+oの出力はrHJレベルとなり、前述同様の動
作で液晶L CDへは90度ずれた信号が加わり高反射
率となる。
As a result, the output of IC6 also becomes "L" level, and IC?
, I Cq output also becomes rLJ level. Then, the output of IC+o becomes rHJ level, and in the same operation as described above, a signal shifted by 90 degrees is applied to the liquid crystal LCD, resulting in a high reflectance.

IC5の出力の立下がりからIC7の立下がり迄の様子
は第5図の波形(イ)、(ロ)、(ハ)。
The waveforms (A), (B), and (C) from the fall of the output of IC5 to the fall of IC7 are shown in Figure 5.

(へ)となる。前記、立上がり、立下がりの動作は受光
素子ps2への光の入射時間が長く、かつ遮光する時点
が受光時点より長い場合について説明を行った。次にr
c6の立上り近辺について説明する。
It becomes (to). The rise and fall operations described above are based on the case where the incident time of light to the light receiving element ps2 is long and the time at which the light is blocked is longer than the time at which the light is received. Then r
The vicinity of the rise of c6 will be explained.

まず、入射光が時間TW、に達しない間に遮光されると
第5図の波形(ロ)、(ハ)より明らかにIC6の入力
電圧e。がeo<IC6のV7Hであるので、その出力
はr L Jレベルとなる。従って液晶LCDは高反射
率である。
First, if the incident light is blocked before reaching the time TW, the input voltage e of the IC 6 will clearly change from the waveforms (b) and (c) in FIG. Since is V7H with eo<IC6, its output becomes r L J level. Therefore, liquid crystal LCDs have high reflectance.

次に、入射光が時間TW、に達してすぐに遮光された場
合、入力電圧e。−VCCとなっていないため、 となり、TW’2<TW2となる。この様子が第2図の
波形(イ)、(ロ)、(ハ)の点線の場合である。そこ
でこの立下り時間TW2を保持する為に、IC,、IC
e、コンデンサC5、抵抗R2゜からなるワンショット
回路を用いワンショット回路の保持時間TW3をTW、
=TW2に設定し、TW2を補償する。ワンショット回
路の動作はIC7の出力がltJレベルであったのでコ
ンデンサC5は抵抗R2゜とIC7の出力により接地さ
れており、従ってその電荷は零である。今、rc6の出
力がrHJレベルになるとIC7の一方の入力がrHJ
レベルになり、コンデンサc5を通して■C1lの入力
に伝達される。この結果Ic1lの出力もrHJレベル
となり、その出力はICqの他方の入力に伝達される。
Next, if the incident light is blocked immediately after reaching the time TW, the input voltage e. -VCC, so TW'2<TW2. This is the case with the dotted lines of waveforms (A), (B), and (C) in FIG. Therefore, in order to maintain this fall time TW2, IC,, IC
Using a one-shot circuit consisting of e, capacitor C5, and resistor R2°, the holding time TW3 of the one-shot circuit is TW,
= TW2 to compensate for TW2. In the operation of the one-shot circuit, since the output of IC7 is at the ltJ level, the capacitor C5 is grounded by the resistor R2° and the output of IC7, and therefore its charge is zero. Now, when the output of rc6 becomes rHJ level, one input of IC7 becomes rHJ
level, and is transmitted to the input of ■C1l through the capacitor c5. As a result, the output of Ic1l also becomes rHJ level, and the output is transmitted to the other input of ICq.

この結果、rc、の出力は「H」レベルを保持する。As a result, the output of rc maintains the "H" level.

ここでIC6の出力が立上った直後にIc5の出力がr
LJレベルになると前述の説明よりIc6の出力はTW
’2後にrLJレベルとなる。この信号がIC7の一方
の入力に伝達されているが、■C7の他方の入力がrH
Jレベルを保持しているのでその出力もrHJレベルで
ある。しかしながら、■C1lの入力はコンデンサC3
を経て伝達されるのでその入力電圧は の充電電圧が加わり、eo<TCeのV 7 H1即ち になるとIC8の出力もrLJレベルとなり、IC7の
他方の入力もrLJレヘレベなり、その結果■C7の出
力も「L」レベルとなる。ワンショット回路の動作波形
は第5図の(ニ)、(ホ)のようになる。なお、定電圧
回路はトランジスタ。
Here, immediately after the output of IC6 rises, the output of Ic5 becomes r
When it reaches LJ level, the output of Ic6 becomes TW according to the above explanation.
After '2, it reaches rLJ level. This signal is transmitted to one input of IC7, but the other input of C7 is rH
Since the J level is held, its output is also at the rHJ level. However, the input of ■C1l is capacitor C3
Since the charging voltage is added to the input voltage, when eo<TCe V 7 H1, that is, the output of IC8 becomes rLJ level, the other input of IC7 also becomes rLJ level, and as a result, the output of ■C7 is also at the "L" level. The operating waveforms of the one-shot circuit are as shown in (d) and (e) of FIG. Note that the constant voltage circuit is a transistor.

抵抗R2+ダイオードD2.コンデンサC2で構成され
、電源逆接保護回路はダイオードD1で構成される。
Resistor R2 + diode D2. It is composed of a capacitor C2, and a reverse power supply protection circuit is composed of a diode D1.

したがって、スイッチモードが第1表の3行目、4行目
のモードにある時は、まず発光素子L E Dが点灯し
て、回路が自動になったことを表示する。
Therefore, when the switch mode is in the third and fourth lines of Table 1, the light emitting element LED lights up to indicate that the circuit is in automatic mode.

次に周囲の明るさが充分に明るい時は液晶LCDは高反
射率(非防11i)となり、周囲が充分に暗く、かつ後
方から明るい光が照射されない時も液晶LCDは高反射
率(非防眩)となる。次に周囲が充分に暗く、かつ後方
から明るい光がある時間以上連続して照射されると液晶
LCDは低反射率(防眩)になり、遮光後ある時間以上
連続して暗くなると高反射率(非防眩)に戻る。
Next, when the surrounding brightness is sufficiently bright, the LCD will have a high reflectance (non-protective 11i), and even when the surrounding is sufficiently dark and there is no bright light shining from behind, the liquid crystal LCD will have a high reflectance (non-protective). It becomes dazzling). Next, if the surroundings are sufficiently dark and bright light is continuously irradiated from behind for a certain period of time, the LCD will have a low reflectance (anti-glare), and if it continues to be dark for a certain period of time after the light is blocked, the LCD will have a high reflectance. Return to (non-dimming).

このことは道路が8字カーブ等で連続している様な場合
、断続的な光を受光したとき、その都度ミラーの反射率
が変化するとドライバーにうっとうしさを与えるのでこ
のことを防止したものである。
This is to prevent the driver from getting annoyed if the reflectance of the mirror changes each time it receives intermittent light when the road has continuous figure-eight curves. be.

上述の実施例によれば、ミラー反射率切換用のスイッチ
回操作により液晶ミラーの反射率を運転者の意志により
自在に選択できるので、入射光の光量に応じたミラーの
明るさを得ることができる。
According to the embodiment described above, the reflectance of the liquid crystal mirror can be freely selected according to the driver's will by operating the switch for changing the mirror reflectance, so it is possible to obtain the brightness of the mirror according to the amount of incident light. can.

また、電源が逆接続された場合でもダイオードにより回
路破壊を保護できる。また、定電圧回路を備えているの
で、電源が変動しても基準照度設定値等が常に一定の値
として得られ、回路の信頼性が向上し、かつ、液晶の長
寿命化が図れる。また、ディレー回路も半導体回路によ
り構成しであるので、信頼性が高く、立上り、立下り時
の遅延時間を常時一定に保つことができる。
Furthermore, even if the power supply is reversely connected, the diode can protect the circuit from destruction. Further, since a constant voltage circuit is provided, the reference illumination setting value etc. can always be obtained as a constant value even if the power supply fluctuates, improving the reliability of the circuit and extending the life of the liquid crystal. Furthermore, since the delay circuit is also constructed from a semiconductor circuit, it has high reliability and can always keep the delay time constant at rise and fall.

さらにまた、周囲の明るさを検知する検知器とAND回
路との構成によりスイッチモードが自動の位置にあり、
かつ昼間等周囲が充分に明るい時後方からの光照射は無
視することになるのでミラーの反射率を高反射率に維持
できる。
Furthermore, the switch mode is in the automatic position due to the configuration of a detector that detects the surrounding brightness and an AND circuit.
In addition, when the surroundings are sufficiently bright, such as during the daytime, light irradiation from behind is ignored, so the reflectance of the mirror can be maintained at a high reflectance.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上説明したように本発明の液晶式防眩ミラー装置によ
れば、ミラーが不必要に反射率を変えることがなく、運
転者にうっとうしさを感じさせることがなくなり、安全
運転に大きく寄与できる。
As explained above, according to the liquid crystal type anti-glare mirror device of the present invention, the reflectance of the mirror does not change unnecessarily, and the driver does not feel annoyed, which greatly contributes to safe driving.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明による液晶式防眩ミラー装置の一実施例
を説明するための回路図、第2図および第3図は第1図
に示す液晶を駆動するパルス波形図、第4図(a)、乃
至第4図(C)並びに第5図は第1図の回路素子の出力
特性図である。 1・・・スイッチ回路、2・・・周囲の明るさ検知器、
3・・・後方からの入射光を検知する光検知部、4・・
・AND回路、訃・・ディレー回路、6・・・液晶駆動
回路、7・・・定電圧@路、8・・・電源逆接続保護回
路。
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram for explaining an embodiment of a liquid crystal anti-glare mirror device according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are pulse waveform diagrams for driving the liquid crystal shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. a) to FIG. 4(C) and FIG. 5 are output characteristic diagrams of the circuit element of FIG. 1. 1...Switch circuit, 2...Ambient brightness detector,
3... A light detection unit that detects incident light from the rear, 4...
-AND circuit, -Delay circuit, 6...Liquid crystal drive circuit, 7...Constant voltage@path, 8...Reverse power supply connection protection circuit.

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)車輌後方からの照射光を受光検知する第1の光検
知部と、周囲の明るさを受光検知する第2の光検知部と
、ミラー前面に設けられミラー反射率を異ならせて防眩
を行なう液晶と、前記第2の光検知部が所定値以上の明
るさを検知したとき、又は、前記第2の光検知部が所定
値以上の明るさを検知せず、かつ前記第1の光検知部が
所定値以上の明るさを検知しないときに、前記ミラーが
低反射率になるような液晶駆動信号を出力する液晶駆動
回路と、前記第1、2の光検知部の一時的な信号の変化
を吸収するディレー回路とからなることを特徴とする液
晶式防眩ミラー装置。
(1) A first light detection section that receives and detects light irradiated from the rear of the vehicle, a second light detection section that receives and detects surrounding brightness, and a light detection section that is installed on the front of the mirror and has different mirror reflectances for protection. When the liquid crystal that causes dazzling and the second light detection section detect a brightness of a predetermined value or more, or when the second light detection section does not detect a brightness of a predetermined value or more and the first a liquid crystal drive circuit that outputs a liquid crystal drive signal that causes the mirror to have a low reflectance when the light detection section does not detect brightness of a predetermined value or more; and a temporary liquid crystal drive circuit for the first and second light detection sections. A liquid crystal anti-glare mirror device comprising a delay circuit that absorbs signal changes.
(2)前記液晶駆動回路は、定電圧回路を具備すること
を特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載の液晶式防眩ミ
ラー装置。
(2) The liquid crystal anti-glare mirror device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal drive circuit includes a constant voltage circuit.
(3)前記液晶駆動回路は、電源極性の逆接続から回路
を保護する電源逆接保護回路を具備することを特徴とす
る特許請求の範囲第1項記載の液晶式防眩ミラー装置。
(3) The liquid crystal anti-glare mirror device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal drive circuit includes a reverse power connection protection circuit that protects the circuit from reverse connection of power supply polarity.
JP21861584A 1984-10-19 1984-10-19 Liquid crystal type dazzle preventive mirror Granted JPS6198641A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21861584A JPS6198641A (en) 1984-10-19 1984-10-19 Liquid crystal type dazzle preventive mirror

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21861584A JPS6198641A (en) 1984-10-19 1984-10-19 Liquid crystal type dazzle preventive mirror

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6198641A true JPS6198641A (en) 1986-05-16
JPH048262B2 JPH048262B2 (en) 1992-02-14

Family

ID=16722728

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP21861584A Granted JPS6198641A (en) 1984-10-19 1984-10-19 Liquid crystal type dazzle preventive mirror

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6198641A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62256929A (en) * 1986-04-28 1987-11-09 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk Method for recovering platinum group element from spent catalyst

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5920823A (en) * 1982-04-26 1984-02-02 グンタ−・クリツプナ− Device for detecting dazzling action of light source

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5920823A (en) * 1982-04-26 1984-02-02 グンタ−・クリツプナ− Device for detecting dazzling action of light source

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62256929A (en) * 1986-04-28 1987-11-09 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk Method for recovering platinum group element from spent catalyst

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH048262B2 (en) 1992-02-14

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