JPS6167830A - Liquid crystal display element - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6167830A JPS6167830A JP19003784A JP19003784A JPS6167830A JP S6167830 A JPS6167830 A JP S6167830A JP 19003784 A JP19003784 A JP 19003784A JP 19003784 A JP19003784 A JP 19003784A JP S6167830 A JPS6167830 A JP S6167830A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- spacers
- liquid crystal
- crystal display
- orientation films
- gap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(産業上の利用分野)
本発明は基板にプラスチックフィルムを用いた液晶表示
素子に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element using a plastic film as a substrate.
(従来の技術)
液晶表示素子は、透明導電膜と配向膜とを積層した2枚
のガラス基板をスペーサを介して対向させ、これらガラ
ス基板の間隙に液晶を注入し周辺部をシール材にて封止
するとともに、これらガラス基板の外側に偏光板を配設
したものである。(Prior art) A liquid crystal display element consists of two glass substrates with a transparent conductive film and an alignment film laminated thereon facing each other with a spacer interposed between them, liquid crystal injected into the gap between these glass substrates, and the surrounding area covered with a sealant. In addition to sealing, a polarizing plate is provided on the outside of these glass substrates.
ところで、近年、液晶表示素子は益々軽量・小型・薄型
化される傾向にあるが、上記のような基板にガラスを用
いた液晶表示素子では9機械的強度や製造上の制約条件
等からおのずと限界があり。Incidentally, in recent years, liquid crystal display elements have become increasingly lighter, smaller, and thinner, but liquid crystal display elements that use glass as a substrate as described above naturally have limitations due to mechanical strength, manufacturing constraints, etc. There is.
そのような傾向に十分対応することができない。It is not possible to adequately respond to such trends.
また、ガラスは耐衝撃性に劣るため破損事故のおそれが
あるといった欠点もある。Glass also has the disadvantage that it has poor impact resistance, so there is a risk of breakage.
そこで、ガラスに替わるものとしてプラスチ。Therefore, Plasti is an alternative to glass.
クフィルムを基板に用いた液晶表示素子が提案されてい
る。その−例を第2図に示す。A liquid crystal display element using a film as a substrate has been proposed. An example is shown in FIG.
プラスチックフィルムからなる基板(以下プラスチック
基板という。)a、aは、その内面にアンカ一層す、b
、透明導電膜c、cおよび配向膜d、d−1)<順次積
層されており、このようになるプラスチック基板a、a
はスペーサe・・・を介してシール材「により周縁部が
貼り合わせられ9両プラスチック基板a、a間に液晶g
が注入されている。A substrate made of a plastic film (hereinafter referred to as a plastic substrate) a, a layer with an anchor on its inner surface, b
, transparent conductive films c, c and alignment films d, d-1)
The periphery of the two plastic substrates a and a is pasted together with a sealing material through a spacer e, and a liquid crystal g is placed between the two plastic substrates a and
is injected.
また、プラスチック基板a、aの外面にはガスバリヤ一
層り、hおよび偏光板i、iが設けられている。Furthermore, a gas barrier layer h and polarizing plates i and i are provided on the outer surfaces of the plastic substrates a and a.
(発明が解決しようとする問題点)
ところが、プラスチック基板はガラス基板に比べて基板
自体のフレキシビリティが高いため2次のような問題が
ある。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, since plastic substrates have higher flexibility than glass substrates, the following problems arise.
すなわち、スペーサを介して2枚のプラスチック基板を
貼り合わせたとき、プラスチック基板間の間隙(以下セ
ル厚という。)が均一であっても液晶を注入するとセル
厚が設定値以上となり、スペーサを散布した場合にはス
ペーサが移動したり一部に凝集したりして表示品位上好
ましくないことになる。また、外力の影響を受は易く2
例えば措で液晶表示素子の表面を擦ると、散布したスペ
ーサの場合には、スペーサが移動して一部に凝集してし
まう。さらに指で強く擦ると、スペーサが分布しない部
分が生じ、このため、その部分で上下のプラスチック基
板同士が接触し、内面に設けられた配向膜が損傷して液
晶の配向規則が乱れ。In other words, when two plastic substrates are bonded together via a spacer, even if the gap between the plastic substrates (hereinafter referred to as cell thickness) is uniform, when liquid crystal is injected, the cell thickness will exceed the set value, and the spacer will be scattered. If this happens, the spacers may move or agglomerate in some areas, which is undesirable in terms of display quality. In addition, it is easily affected by external forces2.
For example, when the surface of a liquid crystal display element is rubbed with a knife, in the case of dispersed spacers, the spacers move and agglomerate in some areas. Furthermore, if you rub it strongly with your fingers, there will be areas where the spacers are not distributed, and as a result, the upper and lower plastic substrates will come into contact with each other in those areas, damaging the alignment film provided on the inner surface and disrupting the alignment rules of the liquid crystal.
さらには透明導電膜が損傷して断線に至るといった著し
い問題がある。Furthermore, there is a serious problem that the transparent conductive film is damaged, leading to disconnection.
そこで、スペーサの使用を止めるか、あるいはスペーサ
の使用量を非常に少なくすることにより上記問題を解決
しようとする試みがなされている。Attempts have therefore been made to solve the above problem by either stopping the use of spacers or by significantly reducing the amount of spacers used.
しかしながら、全くスペーサを使用しないとなると、セ
ル厚の均一化が困難となり表示品位上好ましくない。ま
た、外力によって配向膜が容易に損傷したり、液晶の注
入時に液晶が入りに((なるといった問題が生じる。ま
た、スペーサの使用量を少なくするとなると、スペーサ
の凝集は防止できるものの、スペーサの移動やセル厚の
均一化。However, if no spacer is used at all, it becomes difficult to make the cell thickness uniform, which is not desirable in terms of display quality. In addition, the alignment film may be easily damaged by external force, or the liquid crystal may become stuck during liquid crystal injection. Movement and uniform cell thickness.
外力による配向膜の損傷といった点でなお問題がある。There are still problems in terms of damage to the alignment film due to external forces.
従って上記いずれの方法も望ましい解決手段とはいえな
い。Therefore, none of the above methods can be said to be a desirable solution.
さらに、プラスチック基板は上記したような問題の他に
次のような問題も有している。Furthermore, in addition to the above-mentioned problems, plastic substrates also have the following problems.
すなわち、プラスチック基板は、ガラス基板に比べてガ
ス透過性、水蒸気透過性が著しく大きいため、液晶表示
素子を高温高湿雰囲気中に放置すると、プラスチック基
板の熱膨張とともに液晶表示素子内が一時的に減圧状態
となり、空気中のガスあるいは水蒸気がプラスチック基
板を透過し。In other words, plastic substrates have significantly higher gas permeability and water vapor permeability than glass substrates, so if a liquid crystal display element is left in a high-temperature, high-humidity atmosphere, the inside of the liquid crystal display element may temporarily expand as the plastic substrate expands. The pressure is reduced, and gas or water vapor in the air permeates through the plastic substrate.
液晶表示素子内に侵入1M積されるといったことが起こ
る。このとき、外力あるいは熱衝撃が印加されると液晶
表示素子内に蓄積されたガス等が気泡となって現れ、こ
の気泡が表示品位に著しい悪影響を及ぼすといった問題
がある。このような問題を解決するには、上記現象がス
ペーサの直径とセル厚とが同一のとき顕著にみられるこ
とから。It happens that a 1M product gets into the liquid crystal display element. At this time, there is a problem in that when an external force or thermal shock is applied, gas etc. accumulated in the liquid crystal display element appear as bubbles, and these bubbles have a significant adverse effect on display quality. In order to solve this problem, the above phenomenon is noticeable when the spacer diameter and cell thickness are the same.
スペーサの直径をセル厚より小さくして減圧状態を緩和
することが望ましいが、スペーサの直径をセル厚より小
さくすると、散布したスペーサの場合は、スペーサ自体
がプラスチック基板間に固定。It is desirable to make the diameter of the spacer smaller than the cell thickness to ease the depressurized state, but if the diameter of the spacer is made smaller than the cell thickness, in the case of dispersed spacers, the spacer itself will be fixed between the plastic substrates.
保持されず、スペーサの移動、凝集が容易に生じ。The spacer is not retained, and the spacer easily moves and aggregates.
その結果、配向膜の損傷等前述したような様々な問題が
生じる。As a result, various problems such as damage to the alignment film as described above occur.
(問題点を解決するための手段)
本発明の液晶表示素子は、スペーサを、有機絶縁材料か
ら形成するとともにその直径をプラスチック基板の間隙
より小さくなし10個/ tm2m2以上60龍/龍の
範囲で配向膜中に均一に分散、固定したものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) In the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, the spacers are formed from an organic insulating material, and the diameter thereof is smaller than the gap between the plastic substrates. It is uniformly dispersed and fixed in the alignment film.
(作用) スペーサを有機絶縁材料で形成したことにより。(effect) This is because the spacer is made of an organic insulating material.
スペーサと配向膜の前駆体溶液とのなじみ性が良好とな
り、スペーサが配向膜からの離脱、移動。The compatibility between the spacer and the alignment film precursor solution becomes good, and the spacer detaches from the alignment film and moves.
凝集したりすることが防止される。また、スペーサの直
径をセル厚より小さくなしたことにより。Agglomeration is prevented. Also, by making the diameter of the spacer smaller than the cell thickness.
高温高湿雰囲気中における液晶表示素子内の減圧状態が
緩和され、気泡の発生が防止される。また。The reduced pressure inside the liquid crystal display element in a high temperature and high humidity atmosphere is relaxed, and the generation of bubbles is prevented. Also.
スペーサをlO個/mm2以上60個/1m2未満の範
囲で配向膜中に均一に分散、固定したことにより。By uniformly dispersing and fixing spacers in the alignment film in a range of 10 spacers/mm2 or more and less than 60 spacers/1 m2.
セル厚の均一性が保たれるとともに外力による配向膜の
損傷が防止され、かつ誘起ドメインの形成が防止される
。The uniformity of the cell thickness is maintained, the alignment film is prevented from being damaged by external force, and the formation of induced domains is prevented.
(実施例) 第1図に本発明の液晶表示素子の実施例を示す。(Example) FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention.
プラスチック基板1.■の外面にそれぞれガスバリヤ一
層2,2を設ける一方、内面にはプラスチック基板1.
1と透明導電膜との密着性を上げるためのアンカーN3
,3を形成した。Plastic substrate 1. A gas barrier layer 2, 2 is provided on the outer surface of (2), while a plastic substrate 1.2 is provided on the inner surface.
Anchor N3 for increasing the adhesion between 1 and the transparent conductive film
, 3 was formed.
上記プラスチック基板1.1としては1次の一般式で表
される厚み10011mのポリエーテルサルフォンフィ
ルムを用いた。As the plastic substrate 1.1, a polyether sulfone film with a thickness of 10011 m expressed by the first-order general formula was used.
なお、プラスチック基板1,1に用いるプラスチックフ
ィルムとしては、上記したものに限らず。Note that the plastic film used for the plastic substrates 1, 1 is not limited to those described above.
例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム。For example, polyethylene terephthalate film.
ポリカーボネートフィルム、ポリサルフォノフィルム。Polycarbonate film, polysulfono film.
ポリエーテルエーテルケトンフィルム、ポリフェノキシ
エーテルフィルム、ボリアリレートフィルム等を用いて
もよい。Polyetheretherketone films, polyphenoxyether films, polyarylate films, etc. may also be used.
次に、上記アンカ一層3.3の上に、透明導電膜を形成
した後、エツチングにより所望の雪掻パターン4・・・
、4・・・を形成した。Next, after forming a transparent conductive film on the anchor layer 3.3, a desired snow plowing pattern 4 is formed by etching.
, 4... were formed.
上記透明導電膜としては、少量のスズを配合した酸化イ
ンジウム(Indium Tin 0xide)を用い
た。Indium Tin Oxide containing a small amount of tin was used as the transparent conductive film.
続いて、有機高分子配向膜の前駆体溶液中に。Then, into the precursor solution of the organic polymer alignment film.
有機絶縁材料からなるスペーサ6・・・を添加、撹拌し
、これをプラスチック基板1.1の内面上に塗布した後
、焼成して配向膜5,5を形成した。ここで2スペーサ
6・・・の直径は、後述する液晶注入後のプラス千ツク
基板1.1間の間隙よりも小さいものを用いた。Spacers 6 made of an organic insulating material were added, stirred, and applied onto the inner surface of the plastic substrate 1.1, followed by firing to form alignment films 5, 5. Here, the diameter of the two spacers 6 is smaller than the gap between the positive substrates 1.1 after the liquid crystal is injected, which will be described later.
上記有機高分子配向膜としては、ポリイミド系有機高分
子配向膜を用いた。また、スペーサとしては、ポリマー
ビーズ(積水ファインケミカル株式会社製:製品名「ミ
クロパール5PJ)を用い。As the organic polymer alignment film, a polyimide organic polymer alignment film was used. In addition, as a spacer, polymer beads (manufactured by Sekisui Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., product name "Micro Pearl 5PJ") were used.
その添加量は、上記配向膜の前駆体溶液に対して111
℃%〜54%の範囲とした。また、上記焼成は180℃
で1時間行った。The amount added is 111% with respect to the precursor solution of the alignment film.
It was made into the range of °C% - 54%. In addition, the above firing is at 180℃
I went there for an hour.
ところで、配向膜前駆体溶液中に添加するスペーサの量
を上記した範囲で変えることにより、配向膜5中に分散
、固定させるスペーサ6・・・の数を後記する第1表に
示すように変えることができた。By the way, by changing the amount of spacers added to the alignment film precursor solution within the above range, the number of spacers 6 to be dispersed and fixed in the alignment film 5 can be changed as shown in Table 1 below. I was able to do that.
そして、何れの分布の場合もスペーサ6・・・が均一に
分散、固定しており、綿布で数回強く擦っても配向膜5
から脱落せず、その密着は強固なものであった。これに
対し、スペーサに、上記ポリマービーズに替えて酸化ア
ルミナ粉末を用いたところ。In any case of distribution, the spacers 6 are uniformly dispersed and fixed, and even if rubbed strongly several times with cotton cloth, the alignment film 5
It did not fall off, and its adhesion was strong. On the other hand, alumina oxide powder was used for the spacer instead of the polymer beads mentioned above.
数回綿布で擦っただけで容易に脱落してしまった。It came off easily after rubbing it with a cotton cloth a few times.
これは、有機高分子配向膜と有機絶縁材料とのなじみ性
に起因する密着性の違いによるものと考えられる。This is considered to be due to the difference in adhesion caused by the compatibility between the organic polymer alignment film and the organic insulating material.
次に、上記のようにして配向膜5,5を形成した後、液
晶分子を一定の方向に配列させるための配向処理を行っ
た。Next, after forming the alignment films 5, 5 as described above, an alignment treatment was performed to align the liquid crystal molecules in a certain direction.
そして、一方のプラスチック基板の内面にシール剤7を
、また他方の基板の内面にコモン転移材を塗布した後、
これら2枚のプラスチック基板1゜1を貼り合わせた。After applying the sealant 7 to the inner surface of one plastic substrate and the common transfer material to the inner surface of the other substrate,
These two plastic substrates 1°1 were bonded together.
このとき、2枚のプラスチック基板1.1間のセル厚は
、前記スペーサ6・・・の直径と同一であった。At this time, the cell thickness between the two plastic substrates 1.1 was the same as the diameter of the spacers 6.
次に、プラスチ・ツク基板1.1間に液晶8を注入した
後、樹脂で封止するとともに、プラスチック基板1.1
の外面に設けた前記ガスバリヤ一層2.2の上にそれぞ
れ偏光板9,9を設は第1図に示す液晶表示素子とした
。Next, after injecting the liquid crystal 8 between the plastic substrates 1.1, they are sealed with resin, and the plastic substrates 1.1
Polarizing plates 9, 9 were respectively provided on the gas barrier layer 2.2 provided on the outer surface of the liquid crystal display element shown in FIG.
以上のようにしてスペーサの分布を第1表に示すような
範囲とした各種液晶表示素子を作成し。In the manner described above, various liquid crystal display elements with spacer distributions within the ranges shown in Table 1 were produced.
それぞれについてセル厚の均一性、誘起ドメインの有無
および加圧試験による配向膜の損傷の有無について調べ
た。For each, the uniformity of cell thickness, the presence or absence of induced domains, and the presence or absence of damage to the alignment film due to the pressure test were investigated.
その結果を第1表に示す。The results are shown in Table 1.
この表からも明らかなように、配向膜中に分散。As is clear from this table, it is dispersed in the alignment film.
固定させるスペーサの量が10(11fl/#以上60
f円/ **2未満の範囲にあるとき、セル厚の均一性
、誘起ドメインの有無および加圧試験での配向膜の損傷
の有無のいずれについても良好な液晶表示素子が得られ
た。The amount of spacer to be fixed is 10 (11fl/# or more 60
When the range was less than f circle/**2, a liquid crystal display element was obtained that was good in terms of uniformity of cell thickness, presence of induced domains, and presence or absence of damage to the alignment film in the pressure test.
次に、スペーサを40個/J以上5(B固/顧♂の範囲
で配向膜中に分散、固定した液晶表示素子につき、スペ
ーサがセル厚より小さい直径のものと。Next, for a liquid crystal display element in which spacers are dispersed and fixed in the alignment film in a range of 40 pieces/J or more 5 (B solid/customer), the spacers have a diameter smaller than the cell thickness.
セル厚と同一の直径のものとについて外力印加および熱
衝撃印加による加速試験を行い、それによる気泡の発生
時間を稠べた。Acceleration tests were conducted by applying external force and thermal shock to cells with the same diameter as the cell thickness, and the time required for bubble generation was investigated.
その結果を第2表に示す。The results are shown in Table 2.
い直径のスペーサを用いたとき、液晶表示素子内での気
泡の発生は無かった。また、スペーサの直径がセル厚よ
り小さくでも、前述したようにスペーサが配向膜中に強
固に固定、保持されているためスペーサの移動、凝集が
無かった。When a spacer with a small diameter was used, no air bubbles were generated within the liquid crystal display element. Furthermore, even if the diameter of the spacer was smaller than the cell thickness, there was no movement or aggregation of the spacer because the spacer was firmly fixed and held in the alignment film as described above.
(発明の効果)
本発明によれば、スペーサの離脱、移動、凝集の発生を
無くすことができ、また、外力による配向膜の損傷や透
明導電膜の断線を防止することができる。さらに、高温
高湿雰囲気中における気泡の発生を防止することができ
、高品位、高信頼性を得ることができる。(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, it is possible to eliminate separation, movement, and aggregation of spacers, and it is also possible to prevent damage to the alignment film and disconnection of the transparent conductive film due to external force. Furthermore, generation of bubbles in a high temperature and high humidity atmosphere can be prevented, and high quality and high reliability can be obtained.
第1図は本発明の液晶表示素子の一実施例を示す断面図
、第2図はプラスチックフィルムを基板に用いた従来の
液晶表示素子を示す断面図である。
1・・・基板、5・・・配向膜、6・・・スペーサ8・
・・液晶
ほか1名FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a conventional liquid crystal display element using a plastic film as a substrate. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Substrate, 5...Alignment film, 6...Spacer 8.
・LCD and 1 other person
Claims (1)
ルムからなる一対の基板をスペーサを介して対向させ、
これら基板の間隙に液晶を封入してなる液晶表示素子に
おいて、 前記スペーサを、有機絶縁材料から形成す るとともにその直径を基板の間隙より小さくなし10個
/mm^2以上60個/mm^2未満の範囲で前記配向
膜中に均一に分散、固定したことを特徴とする液晶表示
素子。[Claims] 1) A pair of substrates made of a plastic film laminated with a transparent conductive film and an alignment film are placed facing each other with a spacer interposed therebetween,
In a liquid crystal display element in which a liquid crystal is sealed in a gap between these substrates, the spacer is formed of an organic insulating material and has a diameter smaller than the gap between the substrates, not less than 10 pieces/mm^2 and less than 60 pieces/mm^2. A liquid crystal display element characterized in that the range is uniformly dispersed and fixed in the alignment film.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP19003784A JPS6167830A (en) | 1984-09-11 | 1984-09-11 | Liquid crystal display element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP19003784A JPS6167830A (en) | 1984-09-11 | 1984-09-11 | Liquid crystal display element |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6167830A true JPS6167830A (en) | 1986-04-08 |
Family
ID=16251307
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP19003784A Pending JPS6167830A (en) | 1984-09-11 | 1984-09-11 | Liquid crystal display element |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6167830A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0346618A (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1991-02-27 | Seikosha Co Ltd | Production of substrate for liquid crystal panel |
US5029985A (en) * | 1988-05-19 | 1991-07-09 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Multilayer liquid crystal display device |
US5054890A (en) * | 1988-06-23 | 1991-10-08 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal device |
JP2001221998A (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 2001-08-17 | Seiko Epson Corp | Liquid crystal display element and electronic instrument |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5986027A (en) * | 1982-11-08 | 1984-05-18 | Sharp Corp | Liquid crystal display cell and its manufacture |
-
1984
- 1984-09-11 JP JP19003784A patent/JPS6167830A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5986027A (en) * | 1982-11-08 | 1984-05-18 | Sharp Corp | Liquid crystal display cell and its manufacture |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5029985A (en) * | 1988-05-19 | 1991-07-09 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Multilayer liquid crystal display device |
US5054890A (en) * | 1988-06-23 | 1991-10-08 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal device |
JPH0346618A (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1991-02-27 | Seikosha Co Ltd | Production of substrate for liquid crystal panel |
JP2001221998A (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 2001-08-17 | Seiko Epson Corp | Liquid crystal display element and electronic instrument |
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