JPS615718A - Robot hand for harvesting fruits - Google Patents

Robot hand for harvesting fruits

Info

Publication number
JPS615718A
JPS615718A JP12619084A JP12619084A JPS615718A JP S615718 A JPS615718 A JP S615718A JP 12619084 A JP12619084 A JP 12619084A JP 12619084 A JP12619084 A JP 12619084A JP S615718 A JPS615718 A JP S615718A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fruit
cutter
case
cutting
arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP12619084A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0555088B2 (en
Inventor
弘 鈴木
寺田 喬
奥山 恵昭
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kubota Corp
Original Assignee
Kubota Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kubota Corp filed Critical Kubota Corp
Priority to JP12619084A priority Critical patent/JPS615718A/en
Publication of JPS615718A publication Critical patent/JPS615718A/en
Publication of JPH0555088B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0555088B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

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  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。
(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、アームの先端に連設した果実取入用ケースK
、突出作動に伴って果梗を所定位置に抑圧支持する果梗
押圧用部材を出退駆動自在に設けると共に、相対移動さ
れて切断作用する一対の刃体を備えた果梗切断カッタを
、前記所定位置の果梗に対する切断位置に突出作動させ
るべく出退駆動自在に前記ケース側に設けた果実収穫用
ロボットハンドであって、詳しくはカッタの果梗切断の
ための駆動構造の改良に関する。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a fruit intake case K connected to the tip of an arm.
, a stalk cutting cutter is provided with a stalk pressing member that is movable to move forward and backward to press and support the stalk at a predetermined position in accordance with the protrusion operation, and a pair of blades that are moved relative to each other to perform a cutting action; The present invention relates to a fruit-harvesting robot hand provided on the case side so as to be able to move forward and backward so as to project to a cutting position for cutting a fruit stem at a predetermined position, and more particularly relates to an improvement in a drive structure of a cutter for cutting fruit stems.

〔従来技術〕[Prior art]

従来、上記果梗切断カッタの切断のための駆動は専用の
駆動装置によって行われるのが普通であった。
Conventionally, the driving of the above-mentioned fruit stem cutting cutter for cutting has generally been performed by a dedicated drive device.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

又、上記ロボットハンドではアーム先端の果実取入用ケ
ースに果梗押圧用部材が出退可能に取付けられ果梗切断
用カッタも出退可能に取付けられるためアーム先端部の
構造が複雑になりやすく、重量も大きくなりやすい。 
そこで、部品数の低減の面からもアーム先端部の改良が
望まれていた。
In addition, in the above robot hand, the structure of the arm tip tends to become complicated because the fruit stem pressing member is attached to the fruit intake case at the tip of the arm so that it can be moved in and out, and the cutter for cutting the stem is also attached in a detachable manner. , weight tends to increase.
Therefore, it has been desired to improve the tip of the arm from the perspective of reducing the number of parts.

又、果梗切断力′ツタに取付けられていた切断のための
駆動装置には、従来から電動モータ、エアーシリンダ等
が用いられているが、果梗切断には比較的大きな駆動力
を必要とするため、電動モータ、エアーシリンダ等が大
型化する問題があった。
In addition, cutting force for cutting stems: Electric motors, air cylinders, etc. have traditionally been used as drive devices for cutting attached to ivy, but cutting stems requires relatively large driving force. Therefore, there was a problem in that the electric motor, air cylinder, etc. became larger.

本発明は上記実情に鑑みて為されたものであって、カッ
タの果梗切断のための駆動構造の改良で、構造簡単、か
つ、重量軽く、果梗切断が可能な駆動構造を一提供する
点に目的を有する。
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a drive structure that is simple in structure, light in weight, and capable of cutting fruit stems by improving the drive structure of a cutter for cutting fruit stems. Have a purpose in mind.

〔問題を解決するための手段〕[Means to solve the problem]

本発明の特徴とするところは、前記カッタに対する出退
操作用駆動装置を、前記カッタを突出状態に維持させた
まま追加作動できるように、融通部を介して前記カッタ
に連係すると共に、前記一対の刃体に対して前記駆動装
置を前記追加作動により前記一対の刃体を相対移動操作
できるように連係する機構を設けである点にあり、その
作用及び効果は次の通りである。
The present invention is characterized in that a driving device for moving in and out of the cutter is linked to the cutter via a flexible part so that additional operation can be performed while the cutter is maintained in a protruding state, and A mechanism is provided for linking the driving device to the blade bodies so that the pair of blade bodies can be moved relative to each other by the additional operation, and the functions and effects thereof are as follows.

〔作 用〕[For production]

つまり、上記の如く、カッタが突出状態のままで追加作
動できるよう融通部が設けられたことから、カッタ突出
状態までカッタを突出方向へ駆動した後もカッタの突出
状態を維持したままで駆動装置の駆動が行える。
In other words, as mentioned above, since the flexible part is provided so that additional operation can be performed while the cutter remains in the protruding state, even after the cutter is driven in the protruding direction until the cutter is in the protruding state, the driving device can be driven.

父、このカッタの突出状態を維持したままでの駆動装置
の駆動によって、一対の刃体の相対移動操作が行えるこ
とから、カッタの出退操作用駆動装置によってカッタの
出退及びカッタの果梗切断が行える。
By driving the drive device while maintaining the protruding state of the cutter, the pair of blades can be moved relative to each other. Can be cut.

特に、果梗収穫時には駆動装置を駆動することによって
カッタの突出に引き続いてカッタの果梗切断のだめの作
動が行われるだめ、カッタの突出が完了する前にカッタ
の果梗切断のための作動が行われるという誤動作が階無
となる。
In particular, when harvesting fruit stalks, the drive device is driven so that the cutter is activated to cut the stalks immediately after the cutter is projected, and the cutter is not activated to cut the stalks before the cutter is fully projected. The malfunction of being carried out becomes rankless.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

従って、カッタの出退操作用駆動装置とカッタとの間に
融通部を設け、”又、この融通の範囲内の駆動装置の駆
動によってカッタの果梗切断のための作動が行える構造
を設ける比較的簡単な構成で、一つの駆動装置によって
カッタの出退及びカッタの切断のための作動が誤動作を
生じることなく行え、駆動装置が一つで・済むため部品
数、重量が低減され、又、構造が簡単でコストの低下を
図れる果梗切断用駆動構造が提供されるに至った。
Therefore, a flexible section is provided between the drive device for moving the cutter in and out and the cutter, and a structure is provided in which the cutter can be operated to cut the stem by driving the drive device within the range of this flexibility. It has a simple configuration, and a single drive device allows the cutter to move in and out and cut the cutter without causing malfunction, and since only one drive device is required, the number of parts and weight are reduced. A driving structure for cutting fruit stems has been provided which has a simple structure and can reduce costs.

又、重量の低減が図れるためロボットハンドのアーム先
端部の重量バランスがとりやすく、ロボットハンドの動
作が軽快に行、えるようになる。
Furthermore, since the weight can be reduced, it is easier to balance the weight of the arm tip of the robot hand, and the robot hand can move more easily.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

以下本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明す・る。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

第7図に示すように、左右一対の推進車輪11)、前後
一対の遊転輪(2)、及び、昇降自在なアウトリガ−(
3)の複数個を備えた車体に、電動モータ(4)によっ
て駆動回転自在な旋回台(6)を取付け、上下に昇降自
在なリフト装置囚を、旋回中心に位置させて旋回台(5
)に取付けると共に、・果実収穫用ロボットハンド03
)を、リフト装置■の上端部に取付けて、果実収穫機を
構成しである。
As shown in FIG. 7, a pair of left and right propulsion wheels 11), a pair of front and rear idler wheels (2), and outriggers that can be raised and lowered (
A swivel base (6) that can be driven and rotated freely by an electric motor (4) is attached to a vehicle body equipped with a plurality of units of 3), and a lift device that can be raised and lowered up and down is positioned at the center of rotation.
) and ・Robotic hand for fruit harvesting 03
) is attached to the upper end of the lift device (2) to constitute a fruit harvesting machine.

前記リフト装置(4)は、電動モータ等によって回転駆
動されアーム(6)の基端部を昇降駆動するネジ部材(
7)と昇降軌跡のガイド部材(8)、(3)を備え、前
記ネジ部材(7)の正逆回転作動によりアームを昇降す
るよう構成しである。
The lift device (4) includes a screw member (4) that is rotationally driven by an electric motor or the like and drives the base end of the arm (6) up and down.
7) and guide members (8) and (3) for a lifting locus, and are configured to move the arm up and down by forward and reverse rotation of the screw member (7).

第1図乃至第17図に示すように果実収穫用ロボットハ
ンド(B)は、リフト装置“(4)に取付けら多関節ア
ーム(6)及びその先端に取付けられた果実取入用筒状
ケース(9)によって構成され、多関節アーム(6)は
リフト装置(4)に基端部を取付は九耐°/アーム(6
a)及びこれに連設する第2アーム(6b)、第3アー
ム(6c)で構成され、各アーム(6m) 、 (6b
) 、 (6c)の駆動は制御装置(C)によって為さ
れ、又、−第3アーム(6c)の上面にはテレビカメラ
901が取付けられ、このカメラ(10)の撮影画像も
制御装置(C)に入力され、かつ、モニター(川゛に写
し出される。よう構成されている。
As shown in Figs. 1 to 17, the fruit harvesting robot hand (B) consists of a multi-joint arm (6) attached to a lift device (4) and a cylindrical fruit-taking case attached to the tip of the multi-joint arm (6). (9), and the multi-jointed arm (6) has its proximal end attached to the lift device (4).
a) and a second arm (6b) and a third arm (6c) connected thereto, each arm (6m) and (6b
) and (6c) are driven by the control device (C), and - a television camera 901 is attached to the upper surface of the third arm (6c), and the images taken by this camera (10) are also driven by the control device (C). ) and displayed on the monitor (river).

第3アーム(6c)の先端にはアーム長手方向に沿う軸
心(Y)周りに回動可能に二叉状支持枠(12Jが取付
けられ、史にこの二叉状支持枠(121の二又伏部分に
は水平軸心α)周りに回動可能に前記果実取入用筒状ケ
ース(9)が取付けられ、軸心(Y)8勺での回動は制
御装置(C) Kよって駆動が制御される電動モータ峙
によって為され、かつ、このモータO@には回転角を検
出するエンコーダ(図外)が装着され検出結果が制御装
置(C)に入力するよう構成され、又、軸心体)周りで
の回動も制御装置(C)によって駆動が制御される電動
モータ(14)によってチェーン0IlOを介して為さ
れるよう構成されている。
A bifurcated support frame (12J) is attached to the tip of the third arm (6c) so as to be rotatable around the axis (Y) along the arm's longitudinal direction. The fruit intake cylindrical case (9) is attached to the folded part so as to be rotatable around the horizontal axis α), and the rotation around the axis (Y) 8 is driven by the control device (C) K. This is done by a controlled electric motor, and this motor O@ is equipped with an encoder (not shown) that detects the rotation angle, and the detection result is input to the control device (C). Rotation around the center body is also performed via a chain 0IlO by an electric motor (14) whose drive is controlled by a control device (C).

果実収穫用筒状ケース(9)は底壁(9c)を有すると
共に上方に向けて開口が形成され、この開口の周縁部に
は略垂直に起立した伸長状態と開口内方に向けて折れ曲
る状態とに作動可能に っの指状部材(16)・・が立
設され、この指状部材(−の先端には果実の接触を電気
的に検出するセンサOη・・が取付られている。 この
指状部材(国は夫々が柔軟なゴム材で製作されると共に
加圧したエアーを供給することで屈折が為される。
The cylindrical case for fruit harvesting (9) has a bottom wall (9c) and an opening facing upward, and the periphery of this opening has an elongated state standing approximately vertically and a shape bent toward the inside of the opening. A finger-like member (16) is erected and is operable when the fruit is in a state of Each of these finger-like members is made of a flexible rubber material, and bending is achieved by supplying pressurized air.

前記ケース(9)の開口内縁にはケース(9)側に引退
する状態とケース内に導入された果実を上方から覆うよ
う突出する状態と按切換操作自在にgつの果梗押圧用部
材011・・が並設され、更−に、ケース内に導入され
た果実と枝とを接続する柄状部分、いわゆる、果梗を切
断する円弧状カッタO窃がその両端部の支点層シでケー
スに対して出退自在に、かつ、果実収穫時には果梗押圧
用部材(国・・の外方に位置するよう配設されている。
At the inner edge of the opening of the case (9), there are two pedestal pressing members 011 which can be freely switched between a state in which it is retracted toward the case (9) side, a state in which it protrudes from above so as to cover the fruit introduced into the case, and a state in which it can be pressed.・ are installed in parallel, and furthermore, a handle-like part that connects the fruit introduced into the case and the branch, so-called an arc-shaped cutter that cuts the stem, is attached to the case with the fulcrum layer at both ends. It is arranged so that it can move in and out, and is located outside of the stem pressing member (country) during fruit harvesting.

果梗押圧用部材08)・・、は夫々がケース退入時には
ケース(9)の開口内縁に沿うよう先端部から基端部ま
で滑かな円弧状に成形された弾性板状体で製作されてい
る。
Each of the stem pressing members 08) is made of an elastic plate shaped body shaped into a smooth arc from the tip to the base so that it follows the inner edge of the opening of the case (9) when the case is retracted. There is.

そして、この果梗押圧用部材o樽・・は下部の揺動軸心
ケ)で揺動することで夫々の出退が為され、突出時には
果梗押圧用部材(1樽・・の先端部間に果梗挿通用開口
(S)が小さく形成され、又、その形態が、カメラ等の
光学レンズに用いられる絞りを立体的に突出させたもの
と類似したものであり、この出退操作はギア(2]j 
、ギア機構−及び電動モータ瞥で構成された駆動装置(
イ)によって以下のように行う。
This member for pressing the fruit stem (barrel) moves in and out by swinging at the lower swing axis, and when it is pushed out, the tip of the member for pressing the fruit stem (barrel...) moves in and out. A small opening (S) for inserting the fruit stem is formed in between, and its shape is similar to that of a three-dimensionally protruding aperture used in an optical lens such as a camera. Gear (2)
, a drive device consisting of a gear mechanism and an electric motor (
b) as follows.

つまり、果実取入用筒状ケース(9)は前記二又伏支持
枠α匂に取付けられた外側ケース部(9a)と、このケ
ース部(9a)の内側下方に配設され、ケース(9)の
開口中心を軸心として回動可能な内側ケース(9b)と
で成り、内側ケース(9b)は、ケース(9)外の円弧
状ギア(21)、これに咬合するギア機構圀及び制御装
置(C)によって駆動が制御される電動モータ瞥によっ
て往復駆動回動されるよう構成されている。 そして果
梗押圧用部材(181は前記軸心(P)で揺動可能なよ
うにピン−で外側ケース部(9a)に枢支されると共に
基端部(18C)には長孔(18h)が穿設され、この
長孔(ish)に内側ケース(9b)の内面に突設され
たピン蜘が係入し、内側ケース(9b)の回動によって
突出操作あるいは進入操作が為されるのである。
That is, the cylindrical case (9) for taking in fruit is arranged at the outer case part (9a) attached to the bifurcated support frame α, and the inner lower part of this case part (9a). ) and an inner case (9b) that is rotatable about the opening center of the case (9b), and the inner case (9b) includes an arc-shaped gear (21) outside the case (9), a gear mechanism field that engages with this, and a control. It is configured to be reciprocated and rotated by an electric motor whose drive is controlled by the device (C). The hem pressing member (181) is pivoted to the outer case part (9a) with a pin so as to be able to swing about the axis (P), and has a long hole (18h) in the base end (18C). is drilled, and a pin protruding from the inner surface of the inner case (9b) engages in this elongated hole (ish), and an ejection or entry operation is performed by rotating the inner case (9b). be.

又、前記円弧状カッタ(+9)の出退操作も果梗押圧部
材と同様に内側ケース(9b)の回動によって為され、
とのカッタ(19)の突出の際に果梗押圧用部材081
・・によって形成される開口にカッタ(19)が重複し
ない構成が採用されている。 つまり、円弧状カッタ(
国の揺動軸心も果梗押圧用部材(18)の揺動軸心(P
)・・の1つの一致し、前記ピン(イ)がカッタ(19
)の揺動軸に共用され、更に、出退操作を行うピン(2
4)も共用されているが、この内側ケース(9b)の内
面に穿設されたピン例が挿通ずる果梗押圧用部材α〜の
長孔(ish)の長手方向の傾斜角がカッタ09)に穿
設された長孔(1sh)の傾斜角と比較すると果梗押圧
用部材部・・の突出速度がカッタ(2)の突出速度より
速くなるよう設定され、しかも、果梗押圧用部材0@・
・の突出駆動終了の時点より遅れてカッタ(+9)の突
出駆動が終了するのを許容するよう又、突出駆動が終了
した後も内側ケース(9b)回動を許容するよう長孔(
1sh)の形状は「<」の字に形成され、又、カッタ(
19)の長孔(19h)の端部もカッタ(19)の突出
駆動が終了した後も内側ケース(9b)の回動を許容す
る融通(19s)が゛連設されている。
Further, the operation of moving the arc-shaped cutter (+9) in and out is also performed by rotating the inner case (9b) in the same way as the peduncle pressing member.
When the cutter (19) protrudes, the stem pressing member 081
A configuration is adopted in which the cutter (19) does not overlap the opening formed by the cutter (19). In other words, the arc cutter (
The axis of rotation of the country is also the axis of rotation of the fruit stem pressing member (18) (P
)..., and the said pin (a) is the cutter (19
) is also used as the pivot axis of the pin (2
4) is also used in common, but the inclination angle in the longitudinal direction of the elongated hole (ish) of the stalk pressing member α through which the pin drilled on the inner surface of the inner case (9b) is inserted is the cutter 09). Compared to the inclination angle of the elongated hole (1sh) drilled in the pedestal, the protrusion speed of the pedestal pressing member is set to be faster than the protrusion speed of the cutter (2). @・
The elongated hole (
1sh) is formed into a “<” shape, and the cutter (
The end of the elongated hole (19h) of 19) is also connected with a flexure (19s) that allows the inner case (9b) to rotate even after the cutter (19) has finished projecting.

又、円弧状カッタ舖は2枚の刃体(1・9a);(19
b)を上下に重ね合せると共に夫々が離間しないようガ
イドピンe215) 、 鞍で圧接され、又長手方向に
ヌフイド可能に構成されている。 そして、カッタO(
至)の中央部には果梗が入り込み自在な切断用凹部(1
9c)が形成され、上方の刃体(19a)を引き操作し
切断用四部(19c)に於ける剪断方向での作用で果梗
の切断が為されるのである。
Also, an arc-shaped cutter or two blade bodies (1, 9a); (19
The guide pins e215) and b) are stacked one on top of the other, and are pressed against each other by a saddle so as not to separate from each other, and are configured to be flexible in the longitudinal direction. And cutter O (
There is a cutting recess (1) into which the fruit stem can freely enter.
9c) is formed, and the upper blade (19a) is pulled and the four cutting parts (19c) act in the shearing direction to cut the fruit stalk.

第5図に示すように切断用凹部(19C)はその内縁が
果梗押圧用部材(1119の突出駆動完了時点で“形成
される開口(S)より大きく形成されて、果梗が部材(
1ネ・・とカッタα9)の凹部(19c)以外の箇所と
の間に挾まれるのを防止すると共に、第14図に示すよ
うにカッタθ9)の突出姿勢に於けるカッタQ9)の長
手方向に略直交する2つの果梗押圧用部材(is’) 
、 (isりの突出速度が他の果梗押圧用部材0樽・・
より速くなるよう前記長孔(18h)。
As shown in FIG. 5, the inner edge of the cutting recess (19C) is formed to be larger than the opening (S) that will be formed when the protruding drive of the stem pressing member (1119) is completed, so that the stem presses into the member (1119).
This prevents the cutter Q9) from being caught between the cutter α9) and the recessed part (19c) of the cutter α9), and also prevents the cutter Q9) from being caught between the cutter α9) in its protruding position as shown in FIG. Two pedestal pressing members (is') substantially perpendicular to the direction
, (The protrusion speed of is 0 barrels for other pedestal pressing members...
Said long hole (18h) to be faster.

(xsh)の傾斜角が設定され果梗押圧用部材贈・・と
カッタ(+91との間への挾み込みの低減を図っている
An inclination angle of (xsh) is set to reduce the possibility of the cutter being caught between the stem pressing member and the cutter (+91).

次に前述した上方の刃体(19a)の引き操作を第8図
乃至第18図に基づいて説明する。 上方の刃体(19
a)は果梗押圧用部材(+8)・・及びカッタ(19)
の突出駆動に引き続いて引き操作されるよう1、前記内
側ケース(9b)に突設した接当部材内が外側ケース(
9a)に枢支したアーム(財)の下端を内側ケ−7,(
9b)の回動によって押圧し、アーム勾の他端部が上方
の刃体(9a)の端部の突起(ハ)をカッタ(+9)の
長手方向に沿って押圧することで行われ、これら接当部
材■、アーム(財)、突起(ハ)を連係機構(R)と総
称する。
Next, the above-mentioned pulling operation of the upper blade body (19a) will be explained based on FIGS. 8 to 18. Upper blade (19
a) is a member for pressing the fruit stalk (+8)...and a cutter (19)
1, the inner part of the abutting member protruding from the inner case (9b) is connected to the outer case (
9a), connect the lower end of the arm (goods) to the inner case 7, (
9b), and the other end of the arm slope presses the protrusion (c) on the end of the upper blade body (9a) along the longitudinal direction of the cutter (+9). The abutting member (2), the arm (2), and the protrusion (3) are collectively referred to as the linkage mechanism (R).

この場合、果梗押圧用部材(18)・・及びカッタ(1
銹の突出駆動に引き続いてカッタHの切断作動を行うた
めに、夫々を突出させるビン叫・・。
In this case, the member for pressing the fruit stalk (18)... and the cutter (1
In order to perform the cutting operation of the cutter H following the protrusion drive of the rust, the bottle screams to make each of them protrude.

(財)・・の係入する長孔(xah)・、・、 (19
h)・・が夫々「<」の字状に形成され、又、力・ツタ
(191には融通(19s)・・が形成されているので
ある。
Long hole (xah) into which (19
h)... are each formed in the shape of a "<" character, and power/vine (191) is formed with a flexibility (19s)....

そして、カッタθ9)の切断作動後に上下の刃体(19
a)の切断用四部(19c)が下方の刃体(19b)の
切断用四部(19c)の位置に復帰するよう上方の刃体
(19a)にはコイルバネ(イ)が前記突起(ハ)の反
対側端部に設けられている。
After the cutting operation of the cutter θ9), the upper and lower blade bodies (19)
A coil spring (A) is attached to the upper blade body (19a) so that the four cutting parts (19c) of a) return to the position of the four cutting parts (19c) of the lower blade body (19b). provided at the opposite end.

果実取入用ケース(9)内の底壁(9c)にはケース(
9)の開口方向に向けて出退可能に接触センサ(ロ)が
設けられ収穫対象の果実(ロ)がケース内に導入される
のを検出すると共に果実(ロ)を検出すると下方に退入
しケース(9)内の果実取入空間を確保するよう構成さ
れている。 そして、この接触センサ■は出退可能なロ
ッド(80a) 、ロッド(80a)の上端に内蔵され
ロッド(80a)の折れ曲りを電気的に検出する検出器
(80b) 、及びロッド(80a)の上端に取付けら
れ果実が接当する円板(80c)で構成されている。
A case (
A contact sensor (b) is provided so as to be able to move in and out toward the opening direction of 9), and detects when the fruit to be harvested (b) is introduced into the case, and when the fruit (b) is detected, it moves downward. The structure is such that a space for taking in the fruit inside the case (9) is secured. The contact sensor ■ includes a rod (80a) that can be moved in and out, a detector (80b) that is built into the upper end of the rod (80a) and that electrically detects bending of the rod (80a), and a It consists of a disk (80c) attached to the upper end and against which the fruit comes into contact.

前記指状部材(I@・・の先端・の接触センサ07)・
・及びケース(9)内の接触センサ00)の検出結果は
制御装置(C)に入力され、又、指状部材o呻・・の屈
折のための駆動、ケース(9)内の接触センサーの出退
のための駆動、は夫々エアーで為される。
The finger-like member (touch sensor 07 at the tip of I@...)
The detection results of the contact sensor 00) in the case (9) are input to the control device (C), and the drive for bending the finger-like member o... and the detection result of the contact sensor 00 in the case (9) are The drive for entering and exiting is done by air.

該ロボットハンド(B)は収穫対象の果実(ロ)を人為
的に選定することで、アーム(6)を作動させ果実嬢)
を収穫するようアーム(6)の動作を制御する制御装置
(C)を設けてあり、この制御を以下に詳述する。
The robot hand (B) operates the arm (6) by artificially selecting the fruit to be harvested (b).
A control device (C) is provided for controlling the movement of the arm (6) so as to harvest, and this control will be described in detail below.

つまり、第15図に示すように、前記テレビカメラ(l
O)で果実を撮影しこの撮影をモニター(11)に写し
出す。 次にモニター(1すに写し出された果実をライ
トペン[F]υで選定することで制御装置(C)は収穫
対東の果実(ロ)を認識すると共に、この果実包)がモ
ニター(11)の画面中央に位置するようカメラ(10
)あるいはアーム(6)等の位置を定める。
That is, as shown in FIG.
The fruit is photographed using O) and the photograph is displayed on the monitor (11). Next, by selecting the fruit shown on the monitor (1) with the light pen [F]υ, the control device (C) recognizes the harvested fruit (b) from the east, and the fruit packet) is selected on the monitor (11). ) so that the camera is located in the center of the screen (10
) or arm (6), etc.

この後、制御装置(C)はカメラ(10)と収穫対象の
果実(ロ)との間隔を距離(0だけ接近させるようアー
ム(6)を駆動してカメラ(lO)を前方に移動させる
Thereafter, the control device (C) drives the arm (6) to move the camera (lO) forward so that the distance between the camera (10) and the fruit to be harvested (b) is reduced by a distance (0).

この移動は前記果実(財)がモニター(川の画面中央か
ら外れないよう行われ、カメラ(lG)と果実眞)間の
距離及び果実眞)の最大径を算出し、正確に果実取入用
筒状ケース(9)に果実を取入れるだめの予備動作であ
る。 そして、この距離の算出のプロセスを第16図及
び第17図に基づいて以下に詳述する。
This movement is performed so that the fruit (goods) does not fall off the center of the screen of the monitor (the river), and the distance between the camera (lG) and the fruit center and the maximum diameter of the fruit center) are calculated and the fruit is accurately taken in. This is a preliminary operation for loading the fruit into the cylindrical case (9). The process of calculating this distance will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 16 and 17.

即ち、撮像H(1)とレンズ(F)との距離(1,)を
一定にした状態で前記レンズ(F)を介してこのレンズ
(F)から未知の距離(L)隔てた位置にある測定対象
物(財)を見た場合、前記撮像画(1)には前記対象物
伽)は像(d 1)として投影され、この像(dl)と
対後物(N1)とのレンズ(F)中心に対する仰角(α
)は所定角度(dl)となる。
In other words, while the distance (1,) between the imaging H (1) and the lens (F) is kept constant, it is located at an unknown distance (L) from this lens (F) via the lens (F). When looking at the object to be measured (goods), the object is projected as an image (d1) on the captured image (1), and the lens (d1) of this image (dl) and the object (N1) F) Angle of elevation with respect to the center (α
) becomes a predetermined angle (dl).

次に、前記対象物囚に対するレンズ(F)の向きを変え
ないで、既知の所定距離(Il)前記レンズ(F)と撮
像画(I)とを対象物(4)の方向へ接近させると、前
記撮像画(1)には対象物(A)が前記像(di)より
大きい像(d2)として投影されるとともに仰角(a)
は前記角度(α1)より大きい所定角度(α2)となる
Next, without changing the direction of the lens (F) with respect to the object, the lens (F) and the captured image (I) are brought closer to the object (4) by a known predetermined distance (Il). , the object (A) is projected onto the captured image (1) as an image (d2) larger than the image (di), and the elevation angle (a)
is a predetermined angle (α2) larger than the angle (α1).

そして、前記像(dl) 、 (d2)と仰角(α1)
、(α2)の間には下記(1) 、 (II)式の関係
が成立する。
Then, the image (dl), (d2) and the elevation angle (α1)
, (α2), the following relationships (1) and (II) hold true.

11o珈α1=d1・・・・・・・・・(1)16 t
anα2 = d2 ・−−・・(II)よって像の増
加率(J3)は 一方、前記未知の距離Uからレンズ(F)の移動距離(
Oを減じた残りの距離すなわち現在の測定点から測定対
象物CM)までの距離(ム)は下記Ov)式に基いて(
v)式により定義される。
11o α1=d1・・・・・・・・・(1) 16 t
anα2 = d2 ・---(II) Therefore, the increase rate of the image (J3) is, on the other hand, the moving distance of the lens (F) from the unknown distance U (
The remaining distance after subtracting O, that is, the distance (mu) from the current measurement point to the object to be measured (CM), is calculated using the following formula (Ov):
v) Defined by Eq.

(l+A、)−αx=llxtaIlαz −−−(l
v)よって、上記(v)式にmJ記(1111式を代入
すると下記(IV)式により距離(/x)が求められる
(l+A,)-αx=llxtaIlαz ---(l
v) Therefore, by substituting mJ notation (1111 formula) into the above formula (v), the distance (/x) can be obtained from the following formula (IV).

つまり、撮像手段の視野範囲に測定対象が入るように撮
像手段の向きを決定し、その後は画面上の測定対象の位
+f (座!:4)が変わらないように、撮像手段の向
きを変えないで、測定対象のある方向に接近させ、その
接近に伴なって増大する測定対象の画像の増加率と接近
距離から距離を演算するのである。
In other words, the direction of the imaging means is determined so that the measurement object is within the field of view of the imaging means, and then the orientation of the imaging means is changed so that the position of the measurement object on the screen does not change. Instead, the object to be measured is approached in a certain direction, and the distance is calculated from the approach distance and the rate of increase in the image of the object to be measured as the object approaches.

又、この距離の算出と同時に制御装置(C)によって果
実軸)の最大径も算出され、これらの結果させ、かつ、
ケース(9)の開口を上方に設定し、次に果実取入用ケ
ース(9)を上方に移動させるのである。
In addition, at the same time as calculating this distance, the maximum diameter of the fruit axis (fruit axis) is also calculated by the control device (C), and these results are obtained, and
The opening of the case (9) is set upward, and then the fruit intake case (9) is moved upward.

これによって、ケース(9)に収穫対昧の果実0を指状
部材α6)・・のセンサ07)に接触させることなく導
入した場合には、この果実軸)の導入をケース(9)内
の接触センサ国が検出するため、制御装置(C)は接触
センサ(30)を下方に退入させ、かつ、指状部材O0
を屈曲させ果実(ロ)を軽くケース(9)内に引き込み
、枝葉や他の果実がケース(9)内へ侵入するのを阻止
し、次に果梗押圧部材(国・・が果実0を梅うよう突出
駆動し、前述の如く円孤状カッタQ9)の切断用凹部(
19c)に果突勾)の果梗が導入され、次に制御装置(
C)は果梗の切断を行い果実(ロ)の果実取入用筒状ケ
ース(9)への取入は終了でるのである。・、 又、収穫対線の果実(9)を果実取入用筒状ケース(9
)に導入する際に指状部材α6)・・の先端で形成され
る開口に果実(ロ)が正確に導入されず、指状部材Ql
l、l・・先端のセンサ(1η・・に接触する場合があ
り、この場合には果実(ロ)が接触したセンサ07)方
向に果実取入用筒状ケース(9)を少し移動させた後、
果実取入用筒状ケース(9)を上方に移動させ果実軸)
のケース(9)内導入が可能なように制御装置(C)に
制御パターンが設定されている。
As a result, when a fruit 0 to be harvested is introduced into the case (9) without contacting the sensor 07) of the finger-like member α6), the fruit axis) is not introduced into the case (9). In order to detect the contact sensor state, the control device (C) moves the contact sensor (30) downwardly and retracts the finger-like member O0.
Bend the fruit (b) and gently pull the fruit (b) into the case (9) to prevent branches, leaves and other fruit from entering the case (9), then the peduncle pressing member (country...) pulls the fruit (0) into the case (9). The cutting recess (Q9) of the circular cutter (Q9) is
At 19c), the peduncle of the fruit bulge) is introduced, and then the control device (
In step C), the stem is cut, and the loading of the fruit (b) into the cylindrical fruit loading case (9) is completed.・、Also, the fruit (9) of the harvest line is placed in a cylindrical case (9) for taking in the fruit.
), the fruit (b) is not accurately introduced into the opening formed at the tip of the finger-like member α6), and the fruit (b)
The cylindrical fruit intake case (9) was moved slightly in the direction of the sensor 07 at the tip (1η..., in which case the fruit (b) came in contact with the sensor 07). rear,
Move the cylindrical case for fruit intake (9) upwards and remove the fruit axis)
A control pattern is set in the control device (C) so that it can be introduced in case (9).

又、果実取入用筒状ケース(9)に取入れられた果実(
ロ)は制御装置(C)に設定された一定のパターンに従
うアームH等の駆動によって収穫箱(図外)に運ばれ保
蔵されるのである。゛。
In addition, the fruit (
(b) are transported to a harvest box (not shown) and stored by driving arm H etc. according to a certain pattern set in the control device (C).゛.

〔別実施例〕[Another example]

本実施例はカッタ0(至)の突出操作を行うに、筒体(
9)の回動によって行っていたがこれに桟えて筒体の筒
軸心力向への移動によって行っても良く、又、ワイヤ、
ギア等を突出操作に用いて良く、又、こ−れらの突出操
作構造にバネ等の融通を用いることでカッタ(19)の
切断のための作動を行えるよう実施しても良い。
In this embodiment, when the cutter 0 (to) is extended, the cylindrical body (
9), but it may also be done by moving the cylindrical body in the axial direction of the cylinder.
A gear or the like may be used for the protruding operation, or a spring or other flexibility may be used in the ejecting operation structure so that the cutter (19) can be operated for cutting.

又、連係機構体)も、カム、ギア等を用いて実施しても
良い。
Further, the linkage mechanism) may also be implemented using cams, gears, etc.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図面は本発明に係る果実収穫用ロボットハンドの実施例
を示し、第1図乃至第8図は果実取入用筒状ケースの夫
々角度を変えた断面図、第4図乃至第6図は果梗押圧用
部材等の作動前後の平面図及び作動後の斜視図、第7図
はロボットハンドの全体側面図、第8図乃至第11図は
カッタの突出駆動状態を順次水した図、第12図及び第
18図はカッタの展開図、第14図は果梗押圧用部材及
びカッタの突出駆動途中の状態を示す平面図、第15図
はロボットハンドの制御系を示す概略図、第16図は果
実の測距時に於る対Φ物しンズ等の位置関係を示す概略
図、第17図は果実の測距時のフローチャート。 (6)・・・・・・アーム、(9)・・・・・・果実取
入用ケース、(1樽・・・・・・果梗押圧用部材、(1
9)・・・・・・果梗切断カッタ、(19a)・・・・
・・刃体、(19b)・・・・・・刃体、(19s)・
・・・・・融通部、億)・・・・・・駆動装置、(ト)
)・・・・・・連係機構。、代理人  弁理士  北 
 村     修第15図 第16図 第17図
The drawings show an embodiment of the robot hand for fruit harvesting according to the present invention, and FIGS. 1 to 8 are cross-sectional views of the cylindrical fruit-taking case at different angles, and FIGS. FIG. 7 is a side view of the entire robot hand; FIGS. 8 to 11 are sequential views of the cutter in its protruding drive state; FIG. Fig. 18 is a developed view of the cutter, Fig. 14 is a plan view showing the member for pressing the fruit stem and the cutter in the middle of being driven to protrude, Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the control system of the robot hand, and Fig. 16 17 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the Φ objects etc. when measuring the distance of the fruit, and FIG. 17 is a flowchart when measuring the distance of the fruit. (6)...Arm, (9)...Fruit intake case, (1 barrel...Fruit pressure member, (1
9)... Fruit stem cutting cutter, (19a)...
...Blade body, (19b)...Blade body, (19s)
...Accommodation department, 100 million) ...Drive device, (g)
)・・・・・・Linkage mechanism. , Agent Patent Attorney Kita
Osamu Mura Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] アーム(6)の先端に連設した果実取入用ケース(9)
に、突出作動に伴って果梗を所定位置に押圧支持する果
梗押圧用部材(18)を出退駆動自在に設けると共に、
相対移動されて切断作用する一対の刃体(19a)、(
19b)を備えた果梗切断カッタ(19)を、前記所定
位置の果梗に対する切断位置に突出作動させるべく出退
駆動自在に前記ケース側に設けた果実収穫用ロボットハ
ンドであって、前記カッタ(19)に対する出退操作用
駆動装置(K)を、前記カッタ(19)を突出状態に維
持させたまま追加作動できるように、融通部(19s)
を介して前記カッタ(19)に連係すると共に、前記一
対の刃体(19a)、(19b)に対して前記駆動装置
(K)を前記追加作動により前記一対の刃体(19a)
、(19b)を相対移動操作できるように連係する機構
(R)を設けてある果実収穫用ロボットハンド。
Fruit intake case (9) connected to the tip of the arm (6)
In addition, a stalk pressing member (18) is provided which presses and supports the stalk in a predetermined position with the protrusion operation, and is movable in and out.
A pair of blades (19a) that are moved relative to each other to perform a cutting action, (
A fruit harvesting robot hand is provided on the case side so as to be movable in and out of the case so as to operate a fruit stem cutting cutter (19) equipped with a stem cutting cutter (19) at the predetermined position to a cutting position for the fruit stem at the predetermined position. The flexible part (19s) is configured so that the drive device (K) for moving in and out of the cutter (19) can be additionally operated while maintaining the cutter (19) in the protruding state.
The pair of blade bodies (19a) and (19b) are connected to the cutter (19) through the additional operation of the driving device (K) for the pair of blade bodies (19a) and (19b).
, (19b) are provided with a mechanism (R) that links them so that they can be operated relative to each other.
JP12619084A 1984-06-18 1984-06-18 Robot hand for harvesting fruits Granted JPS615718A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12619084A JPS615718A (en) 1984-06-18 1984-06-18 Robot hand for harvesting fruits

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12619084A JPS615718A (en) 1984-06-18 1984-06-18 Robot hand for harvesting fruits

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS615718A true JPS615718A (en) 1986-01-11
JPH0555088B2 JPH0555088B2 (en) 1993-08-16

Family

ID=14928922

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP12619084A Granted JPS615718A (en) 1984-06-18 1984-06-18 Robot hand for harvesting fruits

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS615718A (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0555088B2 (en) 1993-08-16

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