JPS6153177B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6153177B2 JPS6153177B2 JP15467279A JP15467279A JPS6153177B2 JP S6153177 B2 JPS6153177 B2 JP S6153177B2 JP 15467279 A JP15467279 A JP 15467279A JP 15467279 A JP15467279 A JP 15467279A JP S6153177 B2 JPS6153177 B2 JP S6153177B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- shaving
- cut
- shaving cutter
- meshing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012369 In process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010965 in-process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F19/00—Finishing gear teeth by other tools than those used for manufacturing gear teeth
- B23F19/06—Shaving the faces of gear teeth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/006—Equipment for synchronising movement of cutting tool and workpiece, the cutting tool and workpiece not being mechanically coupled
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gear Processing (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は歯車の精密加工に用いられるシエー
ビング仕上方法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a shaving finishing method used for precision machining of gears.
歯車加工の最終目標の１つは、複数の歯車をか
み合せたとき、運転状態でのかみ合誤差、つまり
動的なかみ合誤差が少なくなるような歯車を作
り、騒音および動的荷重変動を少なくすることで
ある。 One of the ultimate goals of gear processing is to create gears that reduce the meshing error during operation, that is, the dynamic meshing error when multiple gears are meshed together, and reduce noise and dynamic load fluctuations. The idea is to reduce it.
従来のシエービング仕上方法により加工された
歯車のかみ合精度は、砥石などを使つた他の研削
法によるものよりは一般に高いが、さらにこの発
明は、より高精度でかつ高能率に歯車を仕上げる
シエービング仕上方法を提供することを目的とす
る。 The meshing accuracy of gears machined by the conventional shaving finishing method is generally higher than that by other grinding methods using a grindstone, but this invention further provides a shaving method that finishes gears with higher precision and efficiency. The purpose is to provide a finishing method.
以下、この発明の実施例を図面にしたがつて説
明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図において、被削歯車１１はピニオン形の
シエービングカツタ１２とかみ合つており、この
被削歯車１１をモータ１３により一定回転数で回
転駆動することにより、第２図に示すように、被
削歯車１１の歯面とこれに接触するシエービング
カツタ１２の歯面との間の接線力Ｐによつて、被
削歯車１１の歯面をシエービングするようになつ
ている。 In FIG. 1, a gear to be cut 11 is meshed with a pinion-shaped shaving cutter 12, and by rotating this gear to be cut 11 at a constant rotation speed by a motor 13, as shown in FIG. The tooth surface of the gear to be cut 11 is shaved by the tangential force P between the tooth surface of the gear to be cut 11 and the tooth surface of the shaving cutter 12 that is in contact with the tooth surface of the gear to be cut.
このようなシエービング方法は、たとえば大河
出版の機械工学全書1120「歯車の設計・製作
（Ｉ）」第５・２章”シエービング仕上げ”にも記
載されている。 Such a shaving method is also described, for example, in Taiga Publishing's Mechanical Engineering Complete Book 1120 "Design and Manufacturing of Gears (I)" Chapter 5.2 "Shaving Finish".
第１図のシエービングカツタ１２の回転軸１４
には、ばね定数Ｃをもつばね部材１５と慣性モー
メントＩをもつフライホイール１６とを直列接続
してなる調整機構１７が連結されており、これら
ばね定数Ｃおよび慣性モーメントＩは、後述する
ように、適宣変更調整される。 Rotating shaft 14 of the shaving cutter 12 in FIG.
is connected to an adjustment mechanism 17 formed by connecting in series a spring member 15 having a spring constant C and a flywheel 16 having a moment of inertia I, and the spring constant C and the moment of inertia I are determined as described below. , changes and adjustments will be made as appropriate.
さらに、被削歯車１１の回転軸１８に第１のエ
ンコーダ１９を、シエービングカツタ１２の回転
軸１４に第２のエンコーダ２０をそれぞれ取付け
て、被削歯車１１およびシエービングカツタ１２
のそれぞれの回転角を示す回転角パルス信号
Q1，Q2を作り、これら回転角パルス信号Q1，Q2
と、被削歯車１１の回転を基にした基準パルス発
生器２１からの基準パルス信号Q0とを、データ
処理装置２２の波形処理部２３へ入力し、シエー
ビングカツタ１２と被削歯車１１との間の動的な
かみ合誤差を検出する。 Further, a first encoder 19 is attached to the rotating shaft 18 of the gear to be cut 11, and a second encoder 20 is attached to the rotating shaft 14 of the shaving cutter 12.
Rotation angle pulse signal indicating each rotation angle of
Q 1 , Q 2 are created, and these rotation angle pulse signals Q 1 , Q 2
and a reference pulse signal Q 0 from the reference pulse generator 21 based on the rotation of the gear to be cut 11 are input to the waveform processing unit 23 of the data processing device 22, and the shaving cutter 12 and the gear to be cut 11 Detects dynamic engagement error between
その手順は、まず、上記基準パルス信号Q0に
基づく被削歯車１１の基準回転角θと、回転角パ
ルス信号Q1から得た被削歯車１１の実際の回転
角とから、両回転角の差を表す信号、すなわち、
第３図Ａに示すような被削歯車１１の遅れ角を表
す信号Ｑ１１を、基準回転角θに対して求める。
同様にして、上記基準回転角θと、回転角パルス
信号Q2から得たシエービングカツタ１２の実際
の回転角とから、第３図Ｂに示すシエービングカ
ツタ１２の遅れ角を表す信号Ｑ１２を求める。つ
ぎに、上記両信号Ｑ１１，Ｑ１２の差から、シエ
ービングカツタ１２と被削歯車１１との間のかみ
合誤差を示す第３図Ｃのようなかみ合誤差信号Ｒ
（＝Ｑ１１−Ｑ１２）を作る。なお、かみ合誤差
信号Ｒは、この実施例のように被削歯車の基準回
転角θに対する信号ではなく、実際の回転角に対
する信号としてもよい。 The procedure is to first calculate the reference rotation angle θ of the gear to be cut 11 based on the reference pulse signal Q 0 and the actual rotation angle of the gear to be cut 11 obtained from the rotation angle pulse signal Q 1 . A signal representing the difference, i.e.
A signal Q11 representing the delay angle of the gear to be cut 11 as shown in FIG. 3A is obtained with respect to the reference rotation angle θ.
Similarly, from the reference rotation angle θ and the actual rotation angle of the shaving cutter 12 obtained from the rotation angle pulse signal Q2 , a signal representing the delay angle of the shaving cutter 12 shown in FIG. Find Q12. Next, from the difference between the two signals Q11 and Q12, a meshing error signal R as shown in FIG.
Create (=Q11-Q12). It should be noted that the meshing error signal R may be a signal corresponding to the actual rotation angle, instead of being a signal corresponding to the reference rotation angle θ of the gear to be cut as in this embodiment.
上記かみ合誤差信号を作る手順は、中田孝著、
オーム社のOHM文庫「歯車とその検査」第12・
４章”歯車の負荷噛合試験機”、および近畿歯車
懇話会編、大河出版の「歯車の精度と性能」第
10・７章”かみあい試験”によつても公知であ
る。第３図Ｃの縦軸に示されるかみ合誤差Ａは被
削歯車１１とシエービングカツタ１２とのかみ合
ごとに生じる両者１１，１２間の回転角誤差をラ
ジアンで表示したものである。このかみ合誤差信
号Ｒは被削歯車１１のかみ合精度を表わすもので
あるから、この信号Ｒの作成により被削歯車１１
のかみ合検査が行なわれていることになる。 The procedure for creating the above meshing error signal is described in the book written by Takashi Nakata.
Ohmsha's OHM Bunko "Gears and their Inspection" No. 12
Chapter 4 “Gear Load Mesh Test Machine” and “Gear Accuracy and Performance” edited by Kinki Gear Association and published by Taiga Publishing.
It is also known from Chapter 10.7 "Meshing Test". The meshing error A shown on the vertical axis in FIG. 3C is the rotational angle error in radians between the gear 11 to be cut and the shaving cutter 12 that occurs each time the gear 11 and the shaving cutter 12 mesh. This meshing error signal R represents the meshing accuracy of the gear to be cut 11, so by creating this signal R, the gear to be cut 11
This means that a meshing inspection is being conducted.
上記波形処理部２３の内部ではさらに、上記誤
差信号Ｒが周波数分解されて、大きい周波数の信
号成分から順に、第３図Ｄ，Ｅに示す信号成分
R1（ω１），R2（ω２）…が取り出され、これに
もとづいて各信号成分R1（ω１），R2（ω２）…
の周波数ω１，ω２…が検知される。勿論、信号
成分は１つだけの場合もある。 Inside the waveform processing unit 23, the error signal R is further frequency-decomposed, and the signal components shown in FIG.
R 1 (ω 1 ), R 2 (ω 2 )... are extracted, and based on this, each signal component R 1 (ω 1 ), R 2 (ω 2 )...
The frequencies ω 1 , ω 2 . . . are detected. Of course, there may be only one signal component.
ところで、ばね定数Ｃおよび慣性モーメントＩ
をもつ調整機構１７が連結された上記歯車系に上
記かみ合誤差Ａがあると、被削歯車１１が一定速
度で回転するのに対し、シエービングカツタ１２
がむらのある速度で回転することになるから、慣
性力のために歯車に動荷重が作用し、この動荷重
のために、かみ合つている歯面につぎの式で表わ
される接線力Ｐが生じる。 By the way, the spring constant C and the moment of inertia I
If the gear system to which the adjustment mechanism 17 is connected has the meshing error A, the gear to be cut 11 rotates at a constant speed, while the shaving cutter 12 rotates at a constant speed.
Since the gear rotates at an uneven speed, a dynamic load acts on the gear due to inertia, and due to this dynamic load, a tangential force P expressed by the following formula is applied to the meshing tooth surface. arise.
ここで、z2およびr2はシエービングカツタ１２
の歯数とピツチ円半径、v0はピツチ円周速度、ｔ
は時間、ｊは虚数単位をそれぞれ表わす。 where z 2 and r 2 are shaving cutters 12
number of teeth and pitch circle radius, v 0 is pitch circumferential speed, t
represents time, and j represents an imaginary unit.
上記(1)式は公知のもので、たとえば昭和42年版
のOHM文庫の「歯車とその検査」（中田孝著）の
第14・１章においても導出されている。 The above equation (1) is well known and is derived, for example, in Chapter 14.1 of "Gears and Their Inspection" (authored by Takashi Nakata) published in OHM Bunko in 1962.
上記接線力Ｐのピツチ円速度v0に対する変化は
第４図の特性図で表わすようになり、シエービン
グカツタ１２の回転軸１４の固有振動数に相当す
る共振周波数ωcで最大値をとる。この共振周波
数ωcは、
と表わされる。 The change in the above - mentioned tangential force P with respect to the pitch circular velocity v 0 is shown in the characteristic diagram in FIG. . This resonant frequency ω c is It is expressed as
一方、シエービング量は接線力Ｐに比例するか
ら、上記共振周波数ωcが得られるように調整機
構１７のばね定数Ｃおよび慣性モーメントＩを設
定すると、シエービング量が大きくなる。そこ
で、第１図のデータ処理装置２２の演算部２４に
おいて、２つの信号成分R1（ω１），R2（ω２）
の検知された周波数ω１，ω２が上記共振周波数
ωcとなるようなばね定数C1，C2と慣性モーメン
トI1，I2を算出する。つまり、
となるようなC1，C2，I1、およびI2を求め、これ
らの値を出力する。 On the other hand, since the amount of shaving is proportional to the tangential force P, if the spring constant C and moment of inertia I of the adjustment mechanism 17 are set so as to obtain the above-mentioned resonance frequency ω c , the amount of shaving becomes large. Therefore, in the calculation unit 24 of the data processing device 22 shown in FIG .
Spring constants C 1 and C 2 and moments of inertia I 1 and I 2 are calculated so that the detected frequencies ω 1 and ω 2 become the resonance frequency ω c . In other words, Find C 1 , C 2 , I 1 , and I 2 such that , and output these values.
つぎに、演算部２４から出力されたばね定数
C1および慣性モーメントI1にもとづき、調整機構
１７のばね部材１５およびフライホイール１６を
手動操作もしくは自動操作により変更調整して、
そのばね定数をC1に、慣性モーメントをI1にそれ
ぞれ設定する。この状態でモータ１３を駆動する
ことによりシエービングを行ない、第３図Ｄに示
す信号成分R1（ω１）のかみ合い誤差成分A1が
目標値より小さくなつたとき、第１回目のシエー
ビングを終了し、再び調整機構１７を調整して、
そのばね定数をC2に、慣性モーメントをI2にそれ
ぞれ変更設定して第２回目のシエービングを行な
い、やはりかみ合誤差成分A2が目標値より小さ
くなるまで第２回目のシエービングを続ける。こ
うして、かみ合誤差Ａが僅小化するまでシエービ
ングをくり返す。 Next, the spring constant output from the calculation unit 24
Based on C1 and the moment of inertia I1 , the spring member 15 and flywheel 16 of the adjustment mechanism 17 are changed and adjusted by manual or automatic operation,
Set its spring constant to C 1 and its moment of inertia to I 1 . In this state, shaving is performed by driving the motor 13, and when the engagement error component A 1 of the signal component R 1 (ω 1 ) shown in FIG. 3D becomes smaller than the target value, the first shaving is completed. Then, adjust the adjustment mechanism 17 again,
The second shaving is performed by changing the spring constant to C2 and the moment of inertia to I2 , and continues the second shaving until the engagement error component A2 becomes smaller than the target value. In this way, shaving is repeated until the engagement error A is minimized.
以上の工程をブロツク線図で示すと第５図のよ
うになる。同図において各ブロツクの横に記載し
た番号は、各ブロツクの機能を果たす第１図の構
成部分を示す。この図により、ばね定数Ｃおよび
慣性モーメントＩの設定とシエービングとをくり
返してかみ合誤差を僅小化する工程が明示され
る。 The above process is shown in a block diagram as shown in FIG. The numbers written next to each block in the figure indicate the constituent parts of FIG. 1 that perform the function of each block. This figure clearly shows the process of repeating the setting of the spring constant C and the moment of inertia I and the shaving to minimize the engagement error.
以上説明したように、この発明は、かみ合誤差
を検出してそのかみ合誤差信号を形成する信号成
分の周波数を検知し、この周波数がかみ合の接線
力を最大にするシエービングカツタ回転軸の固有
振動数に一致するよう、調整機構のばね定数およ
び慣性モーメントを設定しているから、常にかみ
合誤差を検出しながらシエービングするので、被
削歯車の仕上精度が向上するうえに、常に最大の
接線力でシエービングするのでシエービング仕上
作業の能率も向上する。 As explained above, the present invention detects the engagement error and detects the frequency of the signal component forming the engagement error signal, and the shaving cutter rotating shaft that maximizes the tangential force of the engagement by detecting the frequency of the signal component that forms the engagement error signal. Since the spring constant and moment of inertia of the adjustment mechanism are set to match the natural frequency of the Since shaving is performed with a tangential force of , the efficiency of shaving finishing work is also improved.
また、シエービング仕上加工とかみ合検査が同
時になされるいわゆるインプロセスコントロール
仕上法になつているので、従来の仕上加工後の検
査工程を省略することができる。 Furthermore, since the so-called in-process control finishing method is used in which shaving finishing and meshing inspection are performed simultaneously, the conventional inspection process after finishing can be omitted.
なお、この発明はシエービング仕上の対象の主
流である調質中硬度歯車からなる被削歯車に対し
て適用できるだけでなく、超硬材からなるシエー
ビングカツタを用いれば、浸炭焼入などの処理を
行なつた硬化歯車からなる被削歯車に対しても適
用できる。 Note that this invention is not only applicable to gears made of heat-treated medium-hardness gears, which are the main target of shaving finishing, but also can be applied to carburizing and quenching by using a shaving cutter made of carbide material. It can also be applied to gears to be machined, which are hardened gears that have been subjected to
第１図はこの発明に係るシエービング仕上方法
の実施に使用される装置の一例を示す概略構成
図、第２図は第１図の歯車系のかみ合部分を拡大
して示す正面図、第３図はかみ合誤差信号の波形
図、第４図はかみ合の接線力を表す特性図、第５
図はこの発明に係るシエービング仕上方法を説明
するためのブロツク線図である。
１１……被削歯車、１２……シエービングカツ
タ、１３……駆動機、１４……回転軸、１７……
調整機構、１９，２０……エンコーダ、２２……
データ処理装置、Ａ……動的なかみ合誤差、Ｃ…
…ばね定数、Ｉ……慣性モーメント、Ｐ……接続
力、Ｒ……かみ合誤差信号、R1，R2……信号成
分、ω１，ω２……信号成分の周波数、ωc……
共振周波数、θ……被削歯車の回転角。
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of an apparatus used for carrying out the shaving finishing method according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view showing the meshing part of the gear system in FIG. 1, and FIG. The figure is a waveform diagram of the engagement error signal, Figure 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the tangential force of engagement, and Figure 5 is a diagram showing the tangential force of engagement.
The figure is a block diagram for explaining the shaving finishing method according to the present invention. 11... Gear to be cut, 12... Shaving cutter, 13... Drive machine, 14... Rotating shaft, 17...
Adjustment mechanism, 19, 20... Encoder, 22...
Data processing device, A...dynamic engagement error, C...
... Spring constant, I ... Moment of inertia, P ... Connection force, R ... Meshing error signal, R 1 , R 2 ... Signal component, ω 1 , ω 2 ... Frequency of signal component, ω c ...
Resonance frequency, θ...Rotation angle of the gear to be cut.
Claims (1)
より回転駆動される被削歯車との動的なかみ合誤
差を検出して、被削歯車の回転角に対する上記か
み合誤差を表わすかみ合誤差信号を作り、このか
み合誤差信号を形成する信号成分の周波数を検知
し、上記周波数が上記シエービングカツタの回転
軸の固有振動数に合致することにより上記シエー
ビングカツタと被削歯車とのかみ合の接戦力が最
大となるように、シエービングカツタの回転軸に
連結された調整機構のばね定数および慣性モーメ
ントを調整して、上記被削歯車のシエービングを
行なう歯車のシエービング仕上方法。1 Detecting the dynamic meshing error between the pinion type shaving cutter and the gear to be cut that is rotationally driven by the drive machine, and generating a meshing error signal representing the meshing error with respect to the rotation angle of the gear to be cut. The frequency of the signal component forming this engagement error signal is detected, and when the frequency matches the natural frequency of the rotating shaft of the shaving cutter, the engagement between the shaving cutter and the gear to be cut is detected. A method for shaving and finishing a gear, in which the spring constant and moment of inertia of an adjustment mechanism connected to a rotating shaft of a shaving cutter are adjusted so that the contact force of the shaving cutter is maximized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15467279A JPS5676330A (en) | 1979-11-28 | 1979-11-28 | Finishing of gear by shaving |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15467279A JPS5676330A (en) | 1979-11-28 | 1979-11-28 | Finishing of gear by shaving |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5676330A JPS5676330A (en) | 1981-06-23 |
| JPS6153177B2 true JPS6153177B2 (en) | 1986-11-17 |
Family
ID=15589370
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15467279A Granted JPS5676330A (en) | 1979-11-28 | 1979-11-28 | Finishing of gear by shaving |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5676330A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63170097A (en) * | 1987-01-07 | 1988-07-13 | 金澤 政男 | Card in which fingerprint is used for identifying person in question and method of detecting said card |
| JPH03112366U (en) * | 1990-03-01 | 1991-11-18 | ||
| JPH0675772U (en) * | 1993-04-12 | 1994-10-25 | 株式会社ワイ・イー・データ | ID card |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59215396A (en) * | 1983-05-20 | 1984-12-05 | Nippon Funmatsu Gokin Kk | Sintered friction material |
| JPS6078U (en) * | 1983-06-10 | 1985-01-05 | エヌオーケー株式会社 | Jig for installing oil seal |
| JPS60213417A (en) * | 1984-04-03 | 1985-10-25 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Finishing work for gear |
| JP6781228B2 (en) | 2018-10-02 | 2020-11-04 | ファナック株式会社 | Disturbance component identification method and disturbance component identification device |
| JP6856598B2 (en) | 2018-10-02 | 2021-04-07 | ファナック株式会社 | Gear processing machine control device |
| CN110788414B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-09-29 | 合肥工业大学 | Multi-axis synchronous motion control method of flexible electronic gear box |
-
1979
- 1979-11-28 JP JP15467279A patent/JPS5676330A/en active Granted
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63170097A (en) * | 1987-01-07 | 1988-07-13 | 金澤 政男 | Card in which fingerprint is used for identifying person in question and method of detecting said card |
| JPH03112366U (en) * | 1990-03-01 | 1991-11-18 | ||
| JPH0675772U (en) * | 1993-04-12 | 1994-10-25 | 株式会社ワイ・イー・データ | ID card |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5676330A (en) | 1981-06-23 |
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