JPS614206A - Ultralow temperature apparatus - Google Patents
Ultralow temperature apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPS614206A JPS614206A JP59124944A JP12494484A JPS614206A JP S614206 A JPS614206 A JP S614206A JP 59124944 A JP59124944 A JP 59124944A JP 12494484 A JP12494484 A JP 12494484A JP S614206 A JPS614206 A JP S614206A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- helium
- container
- pressure
- heating element
- internal pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
- H01F6/04—Cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2400/00—General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
- F25D2400/02—Refrigerators including a heater
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の技術分野〕
本発明は、ヘリウムガスを用いて超電導コイルのような
被冷却体を冷却するため゛の極低温装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a cryogenic device for cooling an object to be cooled, such as a superconducting coil, using helium gas.
この種の極低温装置は、第４図に示すように、液体ヘリ
ウム１を収容したヘリウム容器２と、このヘリウム容器
２を真空断熱するための真空容器３と、この真空容器３
に付設される冷凍装置４とを有して構成され、冷凍装置
４は、コンプレッサ５とヘリウム容器２内に設けた冷却
器６とを熱交換器等を収納した装置本体７およびジュー
ルトムソン弁８を介して閉回路を形成するように管路９
で接続し、冷凍サイクルを構成している。As shown in FIG. 4, this type of cryogenic equipment includes a helium container 2 containing liquid helium 1, a vacuum container 3 for vacuum insulating the helium container 2, and a vacuum container 3.
The refrigeration device 4 includes a compressor 5, a cooler 6 provided in the helium container 2, a device main body 7 housing a heat exchanger, etc., and a Joule-Thomson valve 8. Conduit 9 to form a closed circuit through
are connected to form a refrigeration cycle.
一方上記ヘリウム容器２の液体ヘリウム内へ浸漬配置さ
れる超電導コイル１０は、給電線１１を介して図示しな
い電源に接続され工いる。On the other hand, the superconducting coil 10 immersed in the liquid helium of the helium container 2 is connected to a power source (not shown) via a power supply line 11.
己かしてヘリウム容器２には、給電線１１からの熱侵入
、給電線１１の発熱、超電導コイル１０の電流変化に伴
なう渦電流損失等により熱負荷が生じ、これをコンプレ
ッサ５で昇圧したヘリウムガスを装置本体７で冷却し、
ジュールトムソン弁８で断熱膨張させた後、冷却器６へ
導き、冷却器６から出る冷熱でヘリウム容器２を冷却し
、上記負荷に伴なう液体ヘリウムの蒸発を控え得るよう
にしている。A thermal load is generated in the helium container 2 due to heat intrusion from the power supply line 11, heat generated by the power supply line 11, eddy current loss due to current changes in the superconducting coil 10, etc., and this is boosted by the compressor 5. The helium gas is cooled in the device main body 7,
After being adiabatically expanded by the Joule-Thomson valve 8, the helium is led to the cooler 6, and the cold heat emitted from the cooler 6 cools the helium container 2, thereby preventing the liquid helium from evaporating due to the above-mentioned load.
一方冷凍装装置の冷凍能力は、第５図に示すように、大
気圧（ＯＫｇ／ ｃｍ Ｇ ）での液体ヘリウム温度（
４，２２５Ｋ）でｏ、ｉ〜１０Ｗ程度であり、温度が高
いほどずなわちコンプレッサの吸入圧が高いほど冷凍能
力は高くなる。On the other hand, the refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration equipment is determined by the liquid helium temperature at atmospheric pressure (OKg/cm G), as shown in Figure 5.
4,225K) and about 10 W, and the higher the temperature, that is, the higher the suction pressure of the compressor, the higher the refrigerating capacity.
また超電導コイルを定格で運転した場合の熱負荷をＱａ
＋ａｘ、無励時熱負荷をＱ ｍｉｎとすると、冷却器の
温度圧力は（Ｔｍｔｎ 、 Ｐｍ１ｎ ）、（Ｔｌｌ１
ａｘ 、 ＰＩＩｌ、ａｘ ＞となり、ヘリウム容器の
圧力はそれぞれｐｍｉｎ 、 Ｐｍａｘより若干高いｐ
’ ｍｉｎ 。In addition, the heat load when the superconducting coil is operated at the rated value is Qa.
+ax, and the non-excitation heat load is Q min, the temperature pressure of the cooler is (Tmtn, Pm1n), (Tll1
ax , PIIl, ax >, and the pressure in the helium container is p slightly higher than pmin and Pmax, respectively.
' min.
Ｐ’ｍａｘになる。becomes P'max.
しかし上記形式の極低温装置では、Ｐｌｎが大気圧より
低い場合にはコンプレッサ部で空気を吸い込みヘリウム
ガスの純度を低下させるとともに、−”＋−Ｊｉｂｍｏ
ｔ気“冷？！ｌ−ｉ”ｌｌ、＝（７）各機器１蓄積され
冷凍能力の低下の因となり、また超電導コイルの電流を
変化させた場合の熱負荷の変動に対する冷凍能力変化応
答速度が遅いため、全体の熱分布がアンバランスになり
、ヘリウム容器内の液体ヘリウムを蒸発させてしまうと
いう難点がある。However, in the above-mentioned type of cryogenic equipment, when Pln is lower than atmospheric pressure, air is sucked in at the compressor section and the purity of helium gas is reduced.
t air "cold?! l-i"ll, = (7) Each device 1 accumulates and causes a decrease in refrigeration capacity, and the response speed of refrigeration capacity change to changes in heat load when changing the current of the superconducting coil. The problem is that the heat distribution is unbalanced, causing the liquid helium in the helium container to evaporate.
本発明は上記した点に鑑みてなされたもので、コンプレ
ッサの吸入圧を大気圧以上にして空気等のヘリウム中へ
の混入を防ぎ、かつ冷凍装置の熱負荷を全体としてほぼ
一定に保ち、安定した極低温状態を保ち得るようにした
極低温装置を提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and it is possible to prevent air from entering helium by increasing the suction pressure of the compressor to above atmospheric pressure, and to keep the heat load of the refrigeration system almost constant as a whole, thereby stabilizing it. An object of the present invention is to provide a cryogenic device that can maintain a cryogenic state.
本発明は、真空容器内に設【ノたヘリウム容器に、抵抗
発熱体および容器内圧検出器を設け、抵抗発熱体の制御
器を、上記容器内圧検出器で検出した容器内圧に応じて
制御し、抵抗発熱体の発熱量を調整するようにしたもの
である。In the present invention, a helium container installed in a vacuum container is provided with a resistance heating element and a container internal pressure detector, and a controller for the resistance heating element is controlled in accordance with the container internal pressure detected by the container internal pressure detector. , the amount of heat generated by the resistance heating element is adjusted.
以下本発明の位置実施例を図面につき説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.
なお第１図において第４図と同一部材については同一符
号を付す。In FIG. 1, the same members as in FIG. 4 are given the same reference numerals.
第１図において符号２０は、ヘリウム容器２の液体ヘリ
ウムの液面下に位置する内壁面に設けた抵抗発熱体であ
って、この抵抗発熱体２０は、たとえばニッケル、ステ
ンレス鋼等の金属線またはストリップを素材として作ら
れていて、０．１〜５０Ｗ程度と容量となるように設定
されている。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 20 denotes a resistance heating element provided on the inner wall surface of the helium container 2 located below the liquid helium level. It is made from strip material and has a capacity set to about 0.1 to 50W.
すなわち抵抗発熱体２０の出力ｑは、ヘリウム容器２の
内圧をたとえばｐｏｐ’ ｔに設定する場合、抵抗発
熱体２０のリード線や導入部からの熱侵入量、超電導コ
イル１０の無励時熱負荷Ｑ ｍｉｎに対して無視できる
値であるから、下式で示される。In other words, when the internal pressure of the helium container 2 is set to, for example, pop' t, the output q of the resistance heating element 20 is determined by the amount of heat intrusion from the lead wire or introduction part of the resistance heating element 20, and the thermal load of the superconducting coil 10 when not excited. Since it is a value that can be ignored with respect to Q min, it is expressed by the following formula.
ｑ−伴用７ｔ、圭具市ｘ （Ｑ ａｐｔ −Ｑ ｍ１ｎ
）ここでＰ′はヘリウム容器の内圧を示す。 ゛抵抗
発熱体出力と圧力差の関係を第２図に示す。q - companion 7t, Keiguichi x (Q apt -Q m1n
) Here, P' represents the internal pressure of the helium container. Figure 2 shows the relationship between resistance heating element output and pressure difference.
一方上記抵抗発熱体２０には、リード線を介して制御器
２１が接続されており、この制御器２１は、ヘリウム容
器２の内圧を検出するための検出器２２から線を介して
送られる検出信号に応じて抵抗線発熱体２０の出力を可
変するようにしている。On the other hand, a controller 21 is connected to the resistance heating element 20 via a lead wire, and this controller 21 detects a signal sent from a detector 22 via a wire for detecting the internal pressure of the helium container 2. The output of the resistance wire heating element 20 is varied according to the signal.
次に作用を説明する。Next, the effect will be explained.
超電導コイル１０の無励磁熱負荷はＱ ｓｉｎであり、
ヘリウム容器内圧はｐ’ ｗｉｎであれば、抵抗発熱体
２０の出力ｑはＱｏｐｔ −Ｑｍｉｎとなり、冷凍装置
の全熱負荷はＱ Ｏｐｔとなる。The non-excitation thermal load of the superconducting coil 10 is Q sin,
If the internal pressure of the helium container is p' win, the output q of the resistance heating element 20 will be Qopt - Qmin, and the total heat load of the refrigeration system will be Q Opt.
ヘリウム容器の内圧Ｐ′がＱｏｐ’ を以下であれば、
上式より全熱負荷Ｑ ｏｐｔは一定となり、この時コン
プレッサ５の吸入圧ｐｏｐｔは一定でこの吸入圧は大気
圧以上に保たれることになる。If the internal pressure P' of the helium container is less than Qop', then
From the above equation, the total heat load Qopt becomes constant, and at this time, the suction pressure popt of the compressor 5 is constant, and this suction pressure is maintained above atmospheric pressure.
なお上記実施例では、抵抗発熱体をヘリウム容器の内壁
面に設けたが、これをヘリウム容器の外壁またはヘリウ
ム容器内の適当位置に設けてよいのはもちろんである。In the above embodiment, the resistance heating element was provided on the inner wall surface of the helium container, but it goes without saying that it may be provided on the outer wall of the helium container or at an appropriate position within the helium container.
第３図は本発明の他の実施例を示すものであって、この
実施例では、圧力検出器として接点付圧力計を用い、制
御器２１に記憶回路を付設して抵抗発熱体２０の出力を
段階的に可変するようにしている。FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a pressure gauge with contacts is used as the pressure detector, a memory circuit is attached to the controller 21, and the output of the resistance heating element 20 is is made to vary in stages.
なおヘリウム容器の熱時定数によっては制御器２１に時
間遅れ回路を設ける必要があるのはもちろんである。ま
た熱負荷がＱ ｏｐｔを上回る場合には、付設した弁を
保圧弁や内圧により開度が変化する弁にすると都合がよ
い。Note that it is of course necessary to provide a time delay circuit in the controller 21 depending on the thermal time constant of the helium container. Further, when the heat load exceeds Q opt, it is convenient to use a pressure holding valve or a valve whose opening degree changes depending on the internal pressure as the attached valve.
（発明の効果〕
以上述べたように本発明によれば、ヘリウム容器の内圧
に応じて付設した抵抗発熱体の出力を可変するようにし
たので、コンプレッサの吸入圧を大気圧以上の値に設定
し得、したがって液体ヘリウム中に空気等の不純物が混
入することがなく、冷凍能力が低下せず、また冷凍装置
の熱負荷をほず一定に保ち得るから、超電導コイルの電
流変化時にも熱分布がアンバランスになることがなく、
したがって常の安定した極低温状態を保ち得るという効
果を奏する。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the output of the attached resistance heating element is varied according to the internal pressure of the helium container, so the suction pressure of the compressor is set to a value higher than atmospheric pressure. Therefore, impurities such as air do not get mixed into the liquid helium, the refrigeration capacity does not decrease, and the heat load on the refrigeration equipment can be kept more or less constant, so the heat distribution is maintained even when the current in the superconducting coil changes. will not become unbalanced,
Therefore, it is possible to maintain a stable cryogenic state.
第１図は本発明による極体温装置の概略図、第′２図は
抵抗発熱体と圧力差の関係を示す図、第３図は本発明の
他の実施例による抵抗発熱体と圧力差の関係を示づ図、
第４図は従来の極低温装置の概略図、第５図は冷凍装置
の冷凍能力を示す説明図である。
１・・・液体ヘリウム、２・・・ヘリウム容器、３・・
・真空容器、４・・・冷凍装置、５・・・コンプレッサ
、６・・・冷却器、１０・・・超電導コイル、２０・・
・抵抗発熱体、２１・・・制御器、２２・・・検出器。
出願人代理人 猪 股 消
第１図
？？
第２図 第３図
第４１
′＄５図Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the extreme body temperature device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the resistance heating element and the pressure difference, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the resistance heating element and the pressure difference according to another embodiment of the invention. A diagram showing the relationship,
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a conventional cryogenic device, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the refrigerating capacity of the refrigeration device. 1...Liquid helium, 2...Helium container, 3...
・Vacuum container, 4... Refrigeration device, 5... Compressor, 6... Cooler, 10... Superconducting coil, 20...
- Resistance heating element, 21...controller, 22...detector. Applicant's representative Inomata Figure 1? ? Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 41 '$5
Claims (1)
ム容器を真空断熱するための真空容器と、ヘリウム容器
内部を冷却するための冷凍装置を有する極低温装置にお
いて、上記ヘリウム容器に抵抗発熱体を設けるとともに
、容器内圧検出器を設け、抵抗体発熱体に設けた制御器
を上記容器内圧検出器の信号で制御して発熱量を調整す
るようにしたことを特徴とする極低温装置。In a cryogenic apparatus having a helium container containing liquid helium, a vacuum container for vacuum insulating the helium container, and a refrigeration device for cooling the inside of the helium container, the helium container is provided with a resistance heating element, 1. A cryogenic apparatus characterized in that a container internal pressure detector is provided, and a controller provided on a resistor heating element is controlled by a signal from the container internal pressure detector to adjust the amount of heat generated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59124944A JPS614206A (en) | 1984-06-18 | 1984-06-18 | Ultralow temperature apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59124944A JPS614206A (en) | 1984-06-18 | 1984-06-18 | Ultralow temperature apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS614206A true JPS614206A (en) | 1986-01-10 |
Family
ID=14898057
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59124944A Pending JPS614206A (en) | 1984-06-18 | 1984-06-18 | Ultralow temperature apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS614206A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04116363A (en) * | 1990-09-05 | 1992-04-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Cryogenic apparatus |
| US5400041A (en) * | 1991-07-26 | 1995-03-21 | Strickland; Peter C. | Radiating element incorporating impedance transformation capabilities |
| EP1644674A2 (en) * | 2003-06-19 | 2006-04-12 | Superpower, Inc. | Method and apparatus of cryogenic cooling for high temperature superconductor devices |
| JP2008025938A (en) * | 2006-07-24 | 2008-02-07 | Toshiba Corp | Low temperature device |
-
1984
- 1984-06-18 JP JP59124944A patent/JPS614206A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04116363A (en) * | 1990-09-05 | 1992-04-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Cryogenic apparatus |
| US5400041A (en) * | 1991-07-26 | 1995-03-21 | Strickland; Peter C. | Radiating element incorporating impedance transformation capabilities |
| EP1644674A2 (en) * | 2003-06-19 | 2006-04-12 | Superpower, Inc. | Method and apparatus of cryogenic cooling for high temperature superconductor devices |
| EP1644674A4 (en) * | 2003-06-19 | 2012-03-21 | Superpower Inc | Method and apparatus of cryogenic cooling for high temperature superconductor devices |
| JP2008025938A (en) * | 2006-07-24 | 2008-02-07 | Toshiba Corp | Low temperature device |
| JP4724063B2 (en) * | 2006-07-24 | 2011-07-13 | 株式会社東芝 | Cryogenic equipment |
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