JPS61296938A - Casting method using sand mold - Google Patents
Casting method using sand moldInfo
- Publication number
- JPS61296938A JPS61296938A JP14087685A JP14087685A JPS61296938A JP S61296938 A JPS61296938 A JP S61296938A JP 14087685 A JP14087685 A JP 14087685A JP 14087685 A JP14087685 A JP 14087685A JP S61296938 A JPS61296938 A JP S61296938A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sand
- mold
- casting
- molten metal
- sand core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は製品キャビティを郭定する鋳型の少なくとも一
部に砂型を用いる場合の鋳造方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a casting method in which a sand mold is used for at least a portion of a mold defining a product cavity.
鋳造は鋳型の製品キャビティ内に溶湯を注ぐことによっ
て行われる。この製品キャビティを郭定する鋳型は、そ
の構成材料の違いから金型と砂型に区別される。通常、
鋳型は鋳造する製品（鋳物）の形状、大きさ、材質、量
産性等を考慮して金型か砂型かが決定されるが、製品に
空洞部が存在する場合には砂中子が使用されることが多
（、この場合は砂型と金型が併用されることも多い。Casting is performed by pouring molten metal into the product cavity of a mold. The molds that define the product cavities are classified into metal molds and sand molds based on their constituent materials. usually,
Whether the mold is a metal mold or a sand mold is determined by considering the shape, size, material, mass productivity, etc. of the product to be cast (casting), but if the product has a cavity, a sand core is used. (In this case, sand molds and metal molds are often used together.)
ところで、鋳造作業においては、鋳型の製品キャビティ
内に溶湯が十分回った後は、例えば指向性凝固が図れる
ように溶湯の冷却速度を制御することが望ましいとされ
ている。鋳型として金型を用いる場合には、金型内に冷
却パイプや冷却通路を設け、そこに冷却媒体を通したり
、外部から圧縮エアや水等の冷却媒体を吹き付ける等の
方法で比較的容易に金型の温度を制御することができる
。By the way, in casting operations, it is considered desirable to control the cooling rate of the molten metal so that, for example, directional solidification can be achieved after the molten metal has sufficiently circulated within the product cavity of the mold. When using a mold as a casting mold, cooling can be achieved relatively easily by providing cooling pipes or cooling passages within the mold and passing a cooling medium through them, or by blowing a cooling medium such as compressed air or water from the outside. The temperature of the mold can be controlled.
しかしながら、鋳型として少なくとも一部に砂型を用い
る場合には、この砂型を冷却することは通常は困難であ
った。即ち、金型の場合のように砂型内に冷却パイプを
通したり、冷却通路を形成することが困難なだけでな（
、例え冷却パイプを通しても、砂型を構成している成分
、主に珪砂はセラミックスの一種であって断熱効果が太
きいため、効率よく溶湯を冷却することができない。な
んら冷却を行わない場合には、上記したように砂型自体
の断熱効果の影響で砂型に接している溶湯の凝固が遅れ
がちになり、その結果として引は巣やピンホール等の鋳
造欠陥が金型の場合より発生し易く、また鋳物強度的に
も弱くなるという問題がある。However, when a sand mold is used at least in part as a casting mold, it is usually difficult to cool the sand mold. In other words, it is not only difficult to pass cooling pipes or form cooling passages inside the sand mold as in the case of molds;
Even if the molten metal is passed through a cooling pipe, it is not possible to cool the molten metal efficiently because the components that make up the sand mold, mainly silica sand, are a type of ceramic and have a strong heat insulating effect. If no cooling is performed, the solidification of the molten metal in contact with the sand mold tends to be delayed due to the insulating effect of the sand mold itself, as described above, and as a result, casting defects such as cavities and pinholes are caused by molding. This problem occurs more easily than in the case of molds, and the strength of the casting is also weakened.
このため、少なくとも一部に砂型を有する鋳型を用いて
鋳造を行う場合も、十分な冷却速度を得ることにより鋳
物品質の向上を図ることが望まれていた。Therefore, even when casting is performed using a mold having at least a portion of a sand mold, it has been desired to improve the quality of the casting by obtaining a sufficient cooling rate.
上記問題は、次に述べる本発明の砂型を用いる鋳造方法
によって解決される。The above problem is solved by the casting method using a sand mold of the present invention, which will be described below.
即ち、本発明の砂型を用いる鋳造方法は、鋳型の製品キ
ャビティへの注湯作業と相前後して、少なくとも溶湯が
凝固するまで砂型内へ冷却ガスを送給し続けることを特
徴としている。That is, the casting method using a sand mold according to the present invention is characterized in that cooling gas is continuously supplied into the sand mold at least until the molten metal solidifies, before and after pouring the metal into the product cavity of the mold.
本発明は、砂型が主に珪砂で構成されぞおり、通気性が
大きいことに着目し、この砂型に冷却媒体を送給するこ
とにより溶湯との間で熱交換を行わせるものである。The present invention focuses on the fact that the sand mold is mainly composed of silica sand and has high air permeability, and heat exchange with the molten metal is performed by feeding a cooling medium to the sand mold.
本発明において、砂型への冷却媒体の送給は、一方から
他方に向けて加圧ガスを供給してもよく、また真空ポン
プ等を用いて吸引してもよく、更には両方を併用しても
よい。In the present invention, the cooling medium may be supplied to the sand mold by supplying pressurized gas from one side to the other, by suction using a vacuum pump or the like, or by using both in combination. Good too.
この冷却媒体としては、エアや窒素ガス等を用いること
ができる。As this cooling medium, air, nitrogen gas, etc. can be used.
本発明の砂型を用いる鋳造方法は、砂型に冷却媒体を送
給するので、製品キャビテイ面でこの冷却媒体により溶
湯の熱が奪われる。この結果、冷却媒体が送給される砂
型の製品キャビテイ面を中心として鋳物の凝固が促進さ
れる。In the casting method using a sand mold according to the present invention, a cooling medium is supplied to the sand mold, so that the heat of the molten metal is removed by the cooling medium at the surface of the product cavity. As a result, solidification of the casting is promoted mainly on the product cavity surface of the sand mold to which the cooling medium is fed.
次に、本発明の実施例を図面を参考にして説明する。 Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
この実施例は、本発明をシリンダヘッドの鋳造に適用し
た例を示す。This example shows an example in which the present invention is applied to casting of a cylinder head.
ここで、第１図は本発明の実施例に係る砂型を用いる鋳
造方法の一工程を示す断面図、第２図は第１図のＡ部拡
大断面図である。Here, FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one step of a casting method using a sand mold according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of section A in FIG. 1.
第１図において、１はシリンダヘッドの外形を形成する
金型であり、実際は複数に分割されている。この金型１
の内部には、シリンダヘッドの吸気ボートや排気ボート
更にはウォータジャケットを形成するための複数の砂型
としての砂中子２が配設されている。この金型１と砂中
子２により、シリンダヘッド形状をした製品キャビティ
３が郭定される。なお、砂中子２の表面には、黒鉛、二
酸化鉄等の基材を水ガラスやリン酸等のバインダで練っ
た塗型材４（第２図参照）が塗布されている。In FIG. 1, numeral 1 denotes a mold for forming the outer shape of the cylinder head, which is actually divided into a plurality of parts. This mold 1
A plurality of sand cores 2 serving as sand molds are disposed inside the cylinder head to form an intake boat, an exhaust boat, and a water jacket of the cylinder head. The mold 1 and the sand core 2 define a product cavity 3 in the shape of a cylinder head. The surface of the sand core 2 is coated with a coating material 4 (see FIG. 2), which is made by kneading a base material such as graphite or iron dioxide with a binder such as water glass or phosphoric acid.
そして、吸気ボート用砂中子２の吸気ボート側端面には
、この端面を覆う形に導管５が接続されており、この導
管５はパルプ６を介して真空ポンプ７と接続されている
。A conduit 5 is connected to the end surface of the sand core 2 for the suction boat on the side of the suction boat so as to cover this end surface, and this conduit 5 is connected to a vacuum pump 7 via a pulp 6.
次に、本実施例の鋳造方法を説明する。Next, the casting method of this example will be explained.
まず、図示しない注湯口からシリンダヘッドの材料とな
る合金溶湯を製品キャビティ３内に注湯する。溶湯が製
品キャビチイ３内にほぼ充填された時点で、バルブ６を
開き真空ポンプ７を作動させる。すると、砂中子２内が
減圧、吸引され、第１図に矢印で示すように、大気中の
空気が砂中子２内を通り導管５を経由して真空ポンプ７
側に引かれる。このとき、第２図、に示すように、砂中
子２は主に砂粒子（通常は珪砂）８で構成されているた
め、砂粒子８間には隙間があり、空気はこの隙間を通っ
て容易に流れることができる。溶湯が凝固した後、真空
ポンプ７の作動を止め、金型１からシリ、ンダヘッド形
状の鋳物９を取り出した。First, a molten alloy to be the material for the cylinder head is poured into the product cavity 3 from a pouring port (not shown). When the product cavity 3 is almost filled with molten metal, the valve 6 is opened and the vacuum pump 7 is activated. Then, the pressure inside the sand core 2 is reduced and suctioned, and as shown by the arrow in FIG.
pulled to the side. At this time, as shown in Fig. 2, since the sand core 2 is mainly composed of sand particles (usually silica sand) 8, there are gaps between the sand particles 8, and air passes through these gaps. can flow easily. After the molten metal solidified, the operation of the vacuum pump 7 was stopped, and the cylinder head-shaped casting 9 was taken out from the mold 1.
この鋳物９から砂中子２を除去し、湯道、堰等を除去し
て製品とした。The sand core 2 was removed from this casting 9, and the runners, weirs, etc. were removed to obtain a product.
この鋳物９を切断して内部を調べたところ、特に引は巣
やピンホール等の鋳造欠陥はなく、また砂中子２に接し
ていた部分の金属組織は微細化して強固なものになって
いた。When we cut this casting 9 and examined the inside, we found that there were no casting defects such as cavities or pinholes, and that the metal structure in the part that was in contact with the sand core 2 had become finer and stronger. Ta.
なお、本実施例では吸引することにより砂中子２内に空
気を送給したが、砂中子２の表面には塗型材４が塗布さ
れているため、溶湯が砂中子２内に支障が生じる程差し
込むことはなかった。Note that in this example, air was fed into the sand core 2 by suction, but since the surface of the sand core 2 is coated with the coating material 4, the molten metal does not interfere with the inside of the sand core 2. I never inserted it enough to cause a problem.
以上、本発明の特定の実施例について説明したが、本発
明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の
範囲内において種々の実施態様を包含するものである。Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but includes various embodiments within the scope of the claims.
例えば、実施例では吸引することにより砂中子内に空気
を送給したが、逆に加圧ガスを砂中子内に送給してもよ
く、また砂中子内の冷却媒体の流通速度を速めたい場合
には、両者を併用してもよい。For example, in the embodiment, air was fed into the sand core by suction, but it is also possible to feed pressurized gas into the sand core, and the flow rate of the cooling medium inside the sand core is If you want to speed up the process, you can use both together.
また、実施例では冷却媒体として空気を用いたが、他の
冷却媒体、例えば窒素ガス等を用いてもよい。Further, although air is used as the cooling medium in the embodiment, other cooling medium, such as nitrogen gas, may be used.
以上より、本発明の砂型を用いる鋳造方法によれば、従
来遅れがちであった砂型と接している部分の溶湯の凝固
が促進されるので、鋳物の結晶組織の微細化に伴い強度
が向上すると共に、引は巣ピンホール等の鋳造欠陥が大
幅に低減し、鋳物品質の向上が図れる。From the above, according to the casting method using the sand mold of the present invention, the solidification of the molten metal in the area in contact with the sand mold, which tends to be delayed in the past, is promoted, so the strength of the casting is improved as the crystal structure of the casting becomes finer. At the same time, casting defects such as pinholes are significantly reduced, and the quality of the castings is improved.
第１図は本発明の実施例に係る砂型を用いる鋳造方法の
一工程を示す断面図、
第２図は第１図のＡ部拡大断面図である。
１・−一−−−−金型
２−・−砂中子（砂型）
３−−−−−−一製品キャビティ
４−・−塗型材
５−−−−〜−−・導管
６−−−−−−−・・バルブ
７−・−−一一−−真空ポンプ
８・−−−一−・砂粒子
９−−−−−−一鋳物FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one step of a casting method using a sand mold according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of section A in FIG. 1. 1.-1--Mold 2--Sand core (sand mold) 3--Product cavity 4--Painting material 5--Conduit 6-- ----- Valve 7 ----- 11 -- Vacuum pump 8 --- 1 -- Sand particle 9 ----- 1 Casting
Claims (1)
に砂型を用いる鋳造方法であって、 鋳型の製品キャビティへの注湯作業と相前後して、少な
くとも溶湯が凝固するまで砂型内へ冷却ガスを送給し続
けることを特徴とする砂型を用いる鋳造方法。(1) A casting method that uses a sand mold for at least a part of the mold that defines the product cavity, in which cooling gas is injected into the sand mold at least until the molten metal solidifies, before and after pouring the metal into the product cavity of the mold. A casting method using a sand mold characterized by continuously feeding.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14087685A JPS61296938A (en) | 1985-06-27 | 1985-06-27 | Casting method using sand mold |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14087685A JPS61296938A (en) | 1985-06-27 | 1985-06-27 | Casting method using sand mold |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61296938A true JPS61296938A (en) | 1986-12-27 |
| JPH0561019B2 JPH0561019B2 (en) | 1993-09-03 |
Family
ID=15278813
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14087685A Granted JPS61296938A (en) | 1985-06-27 | 1985-06-27 | Casting method using sand mold |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61296938A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02241643A (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1990-09-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for manufacturing hollow casting |
| US5199482A (en) * | 1989-02-04 | 1993-04-06 | Mahle Gmbh | Process for manufacturing a casting, of aluminum, provided with a porous insert |
| CN102962435A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-03-13 | 苏州明志科技有限公司 | Method and device for controlling cooling speed of core assembly casting |
| CN103231022A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-08-07 | 江苏力源金河铸造有限公司 | Core assembling structure for sand core of pump body casting precoated sand |
| CN105382200A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-03-09 | 安徽省巢湖铸造厂有限责任公司 | Method for producing pre-embedded iron bases of fasteners for freight heavy-haul railways |
| CN106141090A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-11-23 | 侯马市晋烽机械铸造有限公司 | A kind of casting technique of Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting sensor gear |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2742544C1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-02-08 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Волгоградский государственный технический университет" (ВолгГТУ) | Method of producing high quality castings from grey cast iron |
-
1985
- 1985-06-27 JP JP14087685A patent/JPS61296938A/en active Granted
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5199482A (en) * | 1989-02-04 | 1993-04-06 | Mahle Gmbh | Process for manufacturing a casting, of aluminum, provided with a porous insert |
| JPH02241643A (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1990-09-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for manufacturing hollow casting |
| CN102962435A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-03-13 | 苏州明志科技有限公司 | Method and device for controlling cooling speed of core assembly casting |
| CN103231022A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-08-07 | 江苏力源金河铸造有限公司 | Core assembling structure for sand core of pump body casting precoated sand |
| CN105382200A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-03-09 | 安徽省巢湖铸造厂有限责任公司 | Method for producing pre-embedded iron bases of fasteners for freight heavy-haul railways |
| CN106141090A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-11-23 | 侯马市晋烽机械铸造有限公司 | A kind of casting technique of Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting sensor gear |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0561019B2 (en) | 1993-09-03 |
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