JPS6125117A - Galilean zoom telescope - Google Patents

Galilean zoom telescope

Info

Publication number
JPS6125117A
JPS6125117A JP14526084A JP14526084A JPS6125117A JP S6125117 A JPS6125117 A JP S6125117A JP 14526084 A JP14526084 A JP 14526084A JP 14526084 A JP14526084 A JP 14526084A JP S6125117 A JPS6125117 A JP S6125117A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
lens
positive
group
cemented
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP14526084A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Akio Suzuki
章夫 鈴木
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to JP14526084A priority Critical patent/JPS6125117A/en
Publication of JPS6125117A publication Critical patent/JPS6125117A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B15/00Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
    • G02B15/14Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
    • G02B15/144Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having four groups only
    • G02B15/1441Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having four groups only the first group being positive
    • G02B15/144109Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having four groups only the first group being positive arranged +--+

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Telescopes (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the small-sized, lightweight zoom telescope which has a wide visual field and various aberrations, such as a spherical aberration, reduced by allowing an afocal zoom lens system which has a four-group lens system to meet specific requirements. CONSTITUTION:Lenses in four groups L1-L4 are provided successively toward an object. Fixed lenses L1 and L4 have positive focal lengths and moving lenses L2 and L3 have negative focal lengths; and the lens L1 is a biconcave lens, the lens L3 is a cemented achromatic biconcave lens, and the lens L4 is a positive single lens. The lens L1 is a positive three-element lens consisting of a cemented achromatic lens which consists of two elements in one group and has convex surface on the object side, or a positive meniscus lens having the convex surface on the object side and a cemented achromatic lens which consists of two elements in one group and has the convex surface on the object side. Specially, the former cemented achromatic lens satisfies conditions shown by inequalities I -IV, where eta2 and nu2, and eta3 and nu3 are refractive indexes and Abbe numbers on its line (d) successively toward the object.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、ガリレオ型ズーム望遠鏡に関するものである
。従来、屈折光学系よりなる望遠鏡には1)ケプラータ
イプ 2)ガリレオタイプ の2型式があるが、本発明は2)項に属するもので、ケ
プラータイプの様に、正立光学系を必要としないが、高
倍率に於いては、広視野が得られず、従つて中低位の倍
率で使用され、その用途については、主として観劇用、
スポーツ用等の比較的近距離、観劇用として用いられて
いる。本発明のガリレオ型ズーム望遠鏡は、更にズーム
光学系を使つて変倍比を持たせ、観測倍率の任意な多様
化を目的としたものである。そこで本発明の特徴として
は、ガリレオ型アフオーカル型に於いて、4群2、3移
動形を用い、変倍時に全長の変わらない。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a Galilean zoom telescope. Conventionally, there are two types of telescopes with refractive optical systems: 1) Kepler type and 2) Galileo type, but the present invention belongs to item 2), and unlike the Kepler type, it does not require an erecting optical system. However, it is not possible to obtain a wide field of view at high magnifications, so it is used at medium to low magnifications, and its uses are mainly for theater viewing,
It is used for relatively short distances such as sports, and for watching theater. The Galileo type zoom telescope of the present invention further uses a zoom optical system to provide a variable magnification ratio, and is intended to arbitrarily diversify observation magnifications. Therefore, a feature of the present invention is that, in the Galileo-type afocal type, four groups of two and three moving type are used, and the overall length does not change when changing the magnification.

しかも、小型軽量の構成としたことにある。即ち本光学
系のレンズ構成枚数を最少に押え、しかも視界を失わな
い様にするには、全長を出来得る限り短くすることであ
る。そこで前群のL1、L2よりなる対物レンズを望遠
レンズ系、後群L3、L4よりなる接眼レンズを逆望遠
レンズ系とすることにより、一定の主面間隔内に於いて
、構成レンズの全長を最短に押えることが可能となつた
。そして全長L1、L4を固定し、L2、L3を変倍移
動レンズとする42、3移動アフォーカルズーム系が誕
生した。
Moreover, it has a small and lightweight structure. That is, in order to minimize the number of lenses constituting this optical system and to prevent loss of field of view, the overall length should be made as short as possible. Therefore, by using the objective lens consisting of the front group L1 and L2 as a telephoto lens system and the eyepiece lens consisting of the rear group L3 and L4 as a reverse telephoto lens system, the total length of the constituent lenses can be reduced within a certain distance between principal surfaces. It became possible to press it in the shortest possible time. Then, a 42.3-movement afocal zoom system was born, in which the overall lengths L1 and L4 are fixed, and L2 and L3 are variable-magnification moving lenses.

ガリレオ型望遠鏡の視界ωは、 tanω=1/mtanω′ ω′は見掛け視界ω′=
tan−1D/2f0(1−1/m)Dは対物レンズの
直径、f0はその焦点距離、■は倍率である。ここでm
→大とする時は1/m<1となり、ω′は小となる、又
、 ω′=t■−1D/2t■、Fn■=t■/Dからω′
=t■−11/2・1/Fn■ 即ち、倍率■を高くとると視界は狭くなり、視界は対物
レンズのFn■のみに依存し、視界を広くするためには
、そのFn■を小さく、口径比を上げることである、本
発明の特徴である小型軽量、広視界を得るためには、全
長を短かく 対物レンズの口径比を大きくとることが、
必要条件であることは、言うまでもない、次いで特許請
求の範囲について述べると先づL2においては、対物レ
ンズに於いて望遠比を得るための 負レンズであり、球
面収差、上下光線■■収差のバランス保持のために両凹
とし、バリエーターとなつている。L3は接眼レンズに
おいて逆望遠比を得るための両レンズであり、口径比が
大きく4群中最も焦点距離が短く対物レンズにより発生
した高次の球面収差た故意に負の球面収差を持たせるこ
とにより吸収を両凹色消し接合レンズをしてある、バリ
エーターでもある、L4は接眼レンズ中の固定レンズで
あり球面収差のバランスを保つている、最後にL1につ
いては、全群の内■も球面収差の負■の大きいレンズで
あり、その口径比を視界との関係から、高屈折率の硝材
からなる一組の接合色消しレンズ、若しくは、その前後
に正のメニスカスレンズを付加した2群3枚構成として
、その実施例を三例程提示した。(第1〜3表)特許請
求の範囲に於いて、n2、V2、n3、V3、が何れも
、その上限及び下限外にある時、即ちn2<1.65、
V2>55及びn2>1.73、V2<35、及びn3
<1.70 V3>30の時には、接合面効果及びその
前後両面の補正効果を失い、球面収差、コマ収差、非点
収差、色収差の補正が困難となり、収差量が増大する。
The field of view ω of a Galileo type telescope is tanω = 1/mtanω'ω' is the apparent field of view ω' =
tan-1D/2f0 (1-1/m) D is the diameter of the objective lens, f0 is its focal length, and ■ is the magnification. Here m
→When it is large, 1/m<1 and ω' becomes small, and from ω'=t■-1D/2t■, Fn■=t■/D, ω'
=t■-11/2・1/Fn■ In other words, the higher the magnification ■, the narrower the field of view, and the field of view depends only on the Fn■ of the objective lens.In order to widen the field of view, reduce the Fn■. In order to obtain the small size, light weight, and wide field of view that are the characteristics of the present invention, it is necessary to increase the aperture ratio by shortening the overall length and increasing the aperture ratio of the objective lens.
Needless to say, this is a necessary condition. Next, referring to the claims, L2 is a negative lens for obtaining a telephoto ratio in the objective lens, and balances spherical aberration and upper and lower ray aberrations. It is double-concave for retention and serves as a variator. L3 is a double lens for obtaining a reverse telephoto ratio in the eyepiece lens, and has a large aperture ratio and the shortest focal length among the four groups, and is intentionally given negative spherical aberration due to the high-order spherical aberration caused by the objective lens. L4 is a fixed lens in the eyepiece and maintains the balance of spherical aberration.Finally, L1 is a spherical lens among all groups. It is a lens with large negative aberrations, and depending on its aperture ratio in relation to the field of view, it may be a pair of cemented achromatic lenses made of a glass material with a high refractive index, or two groups with positive meniscus lenses added before and after it. Three examples of sheet configurations were presented. (Tables 1 to 3) In the claims, when n2, V2, n3, V3 are all outside the upper and lower limits, that is, n2<1.65,
V2>55 and n2>1.73, V2<35 and n3
When <1.70 V3>30, the cemented surface effect and the correction effect on both the front and rear surfaces thereof are lost, making it difficult to correct spherical aberration, coma aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration, and the amount of aberration increases.

一方n2>1.73及びn3>1.81にある時には、
その素材単価が著るしく高価となりコストの面からも、
不適当となる。又2群3枚構成よりなるL1については
、何れもその前後に正の凸メニスカスレンズを付加する
ことによつて、高次の球面収差を軽減し、接合レンズを
合わせて、色収差、コマ収差、を除きベツツヴアール和
とのバランスを保つた、この場合、当該付加レンズが物
体に向つて凸メニスカス正レンズでない場合には、上記
収差及び、歪面収差がアンバランストなり、その収差量
も増大する。以下の各表により本発明の実施例を示す。
On the other hand, when n2>1.73 and n3>1.81,
The unit price of the material becomes extremely expensive, and from a cost perspective,
becomes inappropriate. Regarding L1, which has a three-element configuration in two groups, positive convex meniscus lenses are added before and after the lens to reduce high-order spherical aberration, and by combining cemented lenses, chromatic aberration, coma aberration, In this case, if the additional lens is not a convex meniscus positive lens toward the object, the above aberrations and distorted surface aberrations will become unbalanced, and the amount of aberration will increase. . Examples of the present invention are shown in the following tables.

(物体に向つて、第一面の曲率半径R1、レンズ肉厚及
び、レンズ間隔d1、圧折率n1、アツベ数V1である
。) 実施例(1) n1=1.00 R1=36.378   d1=7.80 n2=1.
67003  V2=47.2R2=−36.3078
 d2=1.50 n3=1.78470  V2=2
5.9R3=−191.417 d3=     n4
=1.00R4=−57.300  d4=1.50 
n5=1.72342  V5=38.0R5=99.
170   d5=     n6=1.00R6=−
13.700  d6=1.00 n7=1.5163
3  V7=64.0R7=9.00     d7=
2.50 n8=1.62004  V8=36.3R
8=13.700   d8=     n9=1.0
0R9=20.000   d9=2.00 n10=
1.51633 V10=64.0R10=65.32
7          n11=1.00m=−2.5
X〜−5.0X ω=4.5°〜2.5°レンズ移動間
隔 視度−0.5diopter実施例(2) n1=1.00 R1=33.376   d1=7.20 n2=1.
51633 V2=69.0R2=−48.000  
d2=7.50 n3=1.62004 V3=36.
3R3=−600.000 d3=0.50 n4=1
.00R4=35.000   d4=3.00 n5
=1.51633 V5=64.0R5=59.577
   d5=     n6=1.00R6=−70.
000  d6=1.50 n7=1.72825 V
7=28.3R7=40.447   d7=    
 n8=1.00R8=−13.700  d8=1.
00 n9=1.51633 V9=64.0R9=9
.00     d9=2.50 n10=1.620
04V10=36.3R10=13.700  d10
=    n11=1.00R11=20.000  
d11=2.00n12=1.51633V11=64
.0R12=65.327          n13
=1.00m=−2.5X〜−5.8X ω=4.5°
〜2.5°レンズ移動間隔 視度−0.5diopte
r実施例(3) n1=1.00 R1=40.000  d1=3.00 n2=1.5
1633 V2=64.0R2=84.700  d2
=0.50 n3=1.00R3=32.602  d
3=7.20 n4=1.51633 V4=64.0
R4=−50.000 d4=1.50 n5=1.6
2004 V5=36.3R5=3652.330d5
=     n6=1.00R6=−70.000 d
6=1.50 n7=1.72825 V7=28.3
R7=40.447  d7=     n8=1.0
0R8=−12.700 d9=1.00 n9=1.
51633 V9=64.0R9=9.00    d
9=2.50 n10=1.62004V10=36.
3R10=13.700 d10=    n11=1
.00R11=20.000 d11=2.00n12
=1.51633V12=64.0R12=65.32
7         n13=1.00m=−2.5X
〜−5.8X ω=4.5°〜2.5°視度−0.5d
iopterレンズ移動間隔
(Facing the object, the radius of curvature R1 of the first surface, the lens thickness, the lens interval d1, the refractive index n1, and the Atsube number V1.) Example (1) n1 = 1.00 R1 = 36.378 d1=7.80 n2=1.
67003 V2=47.2R2=-36.3078
d2=1.50 n3=1.78470 V2=2
5.9R3=-191.417 d3=n4
=1.00R4=-57.300 d4=1.50
n5=1.72342 V5=38.0R5=99.
170 d5=n6=1.00R6=-
13.700 d6=1.00 n7=1.5163
3 V7=64.0R7=9.00 d7=
2.50 n8=1.62004 V8=36.3R
8=13.700 d8=n9=1.0
0R9=20.000 d9=2.00 n10=
1.51633 V10=64.0R10=65.32
7 n11=1.00m=-2.5
X~-5.0X ω=4.5°~2.5° Lens movement interval Diopter -0.5 diopter Example (2) n1=1.00 R1=33.376 d1=7.20 n2=1.
51633 V2=69.0R2=-48.000
d2=7.50 n3=1.62004 V3=36.
3R3=-600.000 d3=0.50 n4=1
.. 00R4=35.000 d4=3.00 n5
=1.51633 V5=64.0R5=59.577
d5=n6=1.00R6=-70.
000 d6=1.50 n7=1.72825 V
7=28.3R7=40.447 d7=
n8=1.00R8=-13.700 d8=1.
00 n9=1.51633 V9=64.0R9=9
.. 00 d9=2.50 n10=1.620
04V10=36.3R10=13.700 d10
= n11=1.00R11=20.000
d11=2.00n12=1.51633V11=64
.. 0R12=65.327 n13
=1.00m=-2.5X~-5.8X ω=4.5°
~2.5° lens movement interval Diopter -0.5 diopte
r Example (3) n1=1.00 R1=40.000 d1=3.00 n2=1.5
1633 V2=64.0R2=84.700 d2
=0.50 n3=1.00R3=32.602 d
3=7.20 n4=1.51633 V4=64.0
R4=-50.000 d4=1.50 n5=1.6
2004 V5=36.3R5=3652.330d5
= n6=1.00R6=-70.000 d
6=1.50 n7=1.72825 V7=28.3
R7=40.447 d7=n8=1.0
0R8=-12.700 d9=1.00 n9=1.
51633 V9=64.0R9=9.00d
9=2.50 n10=1.62004V10=36.
3R10=13.700 d10= n11=1
.. 00R11=20.000 d11=2.00n12
=1.51633V12=64.0R12=65.32
7 n13=1.00m=-2.5X
~-5.8X ω=4.5°~2.5° diopter -0.5d
iopter lens movement interval

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図乃至第3図は、それぞれ本発明の実施例(1)乃
至(3)に対応するレンズ構成図、Bは共通ブロツク第
4図乃至第6図は、それぞれ上記実施例の収差曲線図で
ある。
1 to 3 are lens configuration diagrams corresponding to Examples (1) to (3) of the present invention, respectively, and B is a common block. FIGS. 4 to 6 are aberration curve diagrams of the above embodiments, respectively. It is.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 物体に向って、L_1、L_2、L_3、L_4群から
なるアフォーカルズーム系に於いて、固定レンズL_1
、L_4は正、移動レンズL_2、L_3は負の焦点距
離を有し、L_2は両凹レンズ、L_3は接合色消し量
凹レンズ、L_4は正の単レンズ、L_1については、
物体側に凸面を向けた1群2枚構成接合色消しレンズと
からなる3群3枚構成の正レンズであること、特に前者
1群2枚構成の接合色消しレンズについては、そのd線
に於ける屈折率及びアッベ数と夫々、物体に向かってn
_2、ν_2、n_3、ν_3とする時、1.65<n
_2<1.73 1.70<n_3<1.1835<ν
_2<55 23<ν_3<30 の範囲内にあることを特徴とするガリレオ型ズーム望遠
鏡。
[Claims] In an afocal zoom system consisting of L_1, L_2, L_3, and L_4 groups toward an object, a fixed lens L_1
, L_4 has a positive focal length, moving lenses L_2 and L_3 have negative focal lengths, L_2 is a biconcave lens, L_3 is a cemented achromatism concave lens, L_4 is a positive single lens, and regarding L_1,
It must be a positive lens consisting of 3 elements in 3 groups, consisting of a cemented achromatic lens consisting of 2 elements in 1 group with the convex surface facing the object side, and in particular the former cemented achromatic lens consisting of 2 elements in 1 group should be the refractive index and Abbe number at n towards the object, respectively.
When _2, ν_2, n_3, ν_3, 1.65<n
_2<1.73 1.70<n_3<1.1835<ν
A Galileo-type zoom telescope characterized by being within the range of _2<55 23<ν_3<30.
JP14526084A 1984-07-14 1984-07-14 Galilean zoom telescope Pending JPS6125117A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP14526084A JPS6125117A (en) 1984-07-14 1984-07-14 Galilean zoom telescope

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP14526084A JPS6125117A (en) 1984-07-14 1984-07-14 Galilean zoom telescope

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6125117A true JPS6125117A (en) 1986-02-04

Family

ID=15381015

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP14526084A Pending JPS6125117A (en) 1984-07-14 1984-07-14 Galilean zoom telescope

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6125117A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105093538A (en) * 2015-10-09 2015-11-25 南京波长光电科技股份有限公司 Modified Galileo zoom beam expander and application thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105093538A (en) * 2015-10-09 2015-11-25 南京波长光电科技股份有限公司 Modified Galileo zoom beam expander and application thereof

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