JPS61236514A - Automatic focusing device - Google Patents

Automatic focusing device

Info

Publication number
JPS61236514A
JPS61236514A JP7793985A JP7793985A JPS61236514A JP S61236514 A JPS61236514 A JP S61236514A JP 7793985 A JP7793985 A JP 7793985A JP 7793985 A JP7793985 A JP 7793985A JP S61236514 A JPS61236514 A JP S61236514A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
sensor array
image
fundus
split
light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP7793985A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshi Kobayakawa
小早川 嘉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Canon Inc
Original Assignee
Canon Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canon Inc filed Critical Canon Inc
Priority to JP7793985A priority Critical patent/JPS61236514A/en
Publication of JPS61236514A publication Critical patent/JPS61236514A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/28Systems for automatic generation of focusing signals
    • G02B7/30Systems for automatic generation of focusing signals using parallactic triangle with a base line
    • G02B7/32Systems for automatic generation of focusing signals using parallactic triangle with a base line using active means, e.g. light emitter

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Automatic Focus Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To confirm a focus state with the naked eye and to improve operability by providing a cylindrical lens which has a generating line in the lengthwise direction of a sensor array in an optical photodetection system which photodetects a slit reflection image by the sensor array. CONSTITUTION:When this device is applied to a fundus camera, light from a light source 11 for illumination is passed through illumination lenses 12 and 13 and reflected to left by a holed mirror 14 to illuminates the fundus of an eye E to be examined through an objective 15. Reflected luminous flux from the fundus of the eye is passed through an image forming lens 17, etc., reflected upward by a hopup mirror 18, and passed through a light splitting member 20 to an image of the fundus of the eye in a TV camera 22, so that the image is projected on a monitor 23. A split projection optical system 30 which is movable associatively with a focusing lens 16 as part of an automatic focusing device is installed between the illumination lenses 12 and 13 and the split reflected image S obtained by being formed on the fundus of the object eye E is projected on the image of the fundus of the eye on the monitor 23. At the same time, the curve of the distribution of the quantity of light is drawn on the linear sensor array 42 and blurring is eliminated by moving the focusing lens 16.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [産業上の利用分野] 本発明は、例えば眼底カメラやその他の諸種のカメラに
広く適用でき、特に一次元ラインセンサアレイを用いて
被写体のぼけを検知するようにした自動合焦装置に関す
るものである。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention can be widely applied to, for example, fundus cameras and other various types of cameras, and in particular detects blurring of an object using a one-dimensional line sensor array. This invention relates to an automatic focusing device.

[従来の技術] 従来から眼底カメラ等において、受光センサにより被写
体のぼけを検知して焦点合わせを行うようにした自動合
焦装置には、種々の形式のものが知られているが、一般
的にフォーカス状態を目視によって確認できないという
欠点を持っている。
[Prior Art] Various types of automatic focusing devices have been known in fundus cameras, etc., which use a light-receiving sensor to detect blurred objects and adjust the focus. The disadvantage is that the focus state cannot be visually confirmed.

[発明の目的] 本発明の目的は、受光センサを用いた自動合焦装置にお
いて、そのフォーカス状態をファインダ等に現われるス
プリットイメージによって、肉眼で確認できるようにし
た自動合焦装置を提供することにある。
[Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic focusing device using a light receiving sensor, in which the focus state can be confirmed with the naked eye by a split image appearing on a finder or the like. be.

[発明の概要] 上述の目的を達成するための本発明の要旨は、一次元セ
ンサアレイを用いて被写体のぼけを検知する装置におい
て、前記センサアレイの長手方向と直交する方向を向く
スプリット像を被写体に投射す□るスプリット投影光学
系を設け、被写体からのスプリット反射像の目視による
確認手段を設け、スプリット反射像を前記センサアレイ
に受光する受光光学系中に、前記センサアレイの長手方
向に母線を有する円柱レンズを設けたことを特徴とする
自動合焦装置である。
[Summary of the Invention] The gist of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is to provide a device for detecting blur of a subject using a one-dimensional sensor array, in which a split image directed in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the sensor array is provided. A split projection optical system is provided to project the image onto the object, a means for visually confirming the split reflected image from the object is provided, and a light receiving optical system that receives the split reflected image onto the sensor array is provided with a split projection optical system that projects the image onto the object. This is an automatic focusing device characterized by being provided with a cylindrical lens having a generatrix.

し発明の実施例] 本発明を図示の実施例に基づいて詳細に説明する。Examples of the invention] The present invention will be explained in detail based on illustrated embodiments.

第1図は本発明に係る自動合焦装置の原理を示す説明図
であり、照明用光源1の光軸上に順次にスリット板2、
スプリットプリズム3、光分割部材4が配置され、光分
割部材4の反射側に、瞳位置工、レンズ5、被写体Pが
配されている。更に、被写体Pで反射され光分割部材4
を透過する光束の光軸上に、その長手方向を紙面と平行
にする一次元センサアレイ6が設置され、この一次元セ
ンサアレイ6と光分割部材4との間に、反射光を一次元
センサアレイ6上に直線状に結像させるために母線を紙
面と平行にする円柱レンズ7が配置されている。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the principle of the automatic focusing device according to the present invention, in which the slit plate 2,
A split prism 3 and a light splitting member 4 are arranged, and a pupil positioner, a lens 5, and a subject P are arranged on the reflection side of the light splitting member 4. Furthermore, the light is reflected by the subject P and the light splitting member 4
A one-dimensional sensor array 6 whose longitudinal direction is parallel to the plane of the paper is installed on the optical axis of the light beam transmitted through the light beam, and between this one-dimensional sensor array 6 and the light splitting member 4, the reflected light is In order to form a linear image on the array 6, a cylindrical lens 7 whose generatrix is parallel to the plane of the paper is arranged.

なお、スリット板2と一次元センサアレイ6とは共役な
位置に設置され、一次元センサアレイ6は紙面に垂直な
方向から見ると、円柱レンズ7の屈折率により点線に示
すように受光光学系の瞳位置Iと共役に保持されている
。即ち、スプリット投影光学系では照明用光源lにより
スリット板2を照明し、スリット板2の紙面に垂直方向
に長手方向を向けたスリット2aを通る光束を、スプリ
ットプリズム3によって2つの光束L1とL2に分離し
た後に光分割部材4で反射し、瞳位置工、レンズ5を介
して被写体Pにスプリット像を投射するようになってい
る。被写体Pによって反射されたスプリット反射像は、
レンズ5、瞳位置工を介して光分割部材4を透過し、円
柱レンズ7を介して一次元センサアレイ6に入射するよ
うに受光光学系が配置されている。
The slit plate 2 and the one-dimensional sensor array 6 are installed at a conjugate position, and the one-dimensional sensor array 6 has a light-receiving optical system as shown by the dotted line due to the refractive index of the cylindrical lens 7 when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper. is held conjugate to the pupil position I of. That is, in the split projection optical system, the slit plate 2 is illuminated by the illumination light source l, and the light beam passing through the slit 2a of the slit plate 2 whose longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the plane of the paper is divided into two light beams L1 and L2 by the split prism 3. After being separated into two, the light is reflected by a light splitting member 4, and a split image is projected onto the subject P via a pupil position control and a lens 5. The split reflection image reflected by the subject P is
A light receiving optical system is arranged so that the light passes through the light splitting member 4 through the lens 5 and the pupil position, and enters the one-dimensional sensor array 6 through the cylindrical lens 7.

第2図はスリット板2とスプリットプリズム3とを光軸
方向から見た正面図であり、第3図(a) 、 (b)
はスプリット反射像Sを示している。
FIG. 2 is a front view of the slit plate 2 and the split prism 3 viewed from the optical axis direction, and FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b)
shows a split reflection image S.

もし、被写体Pがスリット板2と共役の位置にあれば、
スプリット反射像Sは第3図(a)に示すように一直線
状になり、共役位置になければ第3図(b)に示すよう
に喰い違って見える。従って、この状態を図示しないフ
ァインダで見れば、フォーカス状態を確実に確認するこ
とがアきることになる。
If the subject P is at a position conjugate to the slit plate 2,
The split reflected image S forms a straight line as shown in FIG. 3(a), and if it is not at a conjugate position, it appears different as shown in FIG. 3(b). Therefore, by looking at this state through a finder (not shown), it is possible to reliably check the focus state.

第4図は一次元センサアレイ6上の光量分布を示し、(
a)はレンズ5を移動して一次元センサアレイ6と被写
体Pとを共役にした状態の光量分布を示しており、一次
元センサアレイ6とスリット板2は共役であるから、こ
の時のスプリット反射像Sは第3図(a)に示すように
なる。
FIG. 4 shows the light intensity distribution on the one-dimensional sensor array 6, (
a) shows the light intensity distribution when the one-dimensional sensor array 6 and the subject P are made conjugate by moving the lens 5. Since the one-dimensional sensor array 6 and the slit plate 2 are conjugate, the split at this time is The reflected image S becomes as shown in FIG. 3(a).

第4図(b)は被写体Pと一次元センサアレイ6とが共
役でない状態を示しており、このときはスリット板2と
被写体Pも共役でないから、スプリット反射像Sは第3
図(b)に示すようになる。
FIG. 4(b) shows a state where the subject P and the one-dimensional sensor array 6 are not conjugate, and in this case, the slit plate 2 and the subject P are also not conjugate, so the split reflected image S is the third
The result is as shown in Figure (b).

なお、第4図(b)において点線で示した2つの分布曲
線は円柱レンズ7が無い場合であり、円柱レンズ7を挿
入すると2つの曲線が合成されて実線のような分布と、
なる、この分布状態によるぼけを検出して、第4図(a
)の状態になるようにレンズ5を移動し、その移動量か
ら被写体Pの位置を検知することができる。
In addition, the two distribution curves shown by dotted lines in FIG. 4(b) are the case without the cylindrical lens 7, and when the cylindrical lens 7 is inserted, the two curves are combined and the distribution as shown by the solid line is obtained.
By detecting the blur caused by this distribution state, the image shown in Fig. 4 (a
), and the position of the subject P can be detected from the amount of movement.

第5図は本発明を眼底カメラに適用した場合の実施例で
あり、自動合焦装置以外の眼底カメラ部は既知のもので
あり、照明用光源11からの光は、光軸01上の照明レ
ンズ12.13を通って穴あきミラー14で左方に反射
され、光軸02上の対物レンズ15を経て被検眼Eの眼
底を照明する。
FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a fundus camera, and the fundus camera part other than the automatic focusing device is a known one, and the light from the illumination light source 11 is used for illumination on the optical axis 01. The light passes through the lenses 12 and 13 and is reflected to the left by the perforated mirror 14, passes through the objective lens 15 on the optical axis 02, and illuminates the fundus of the eye E to be examined.

この眼底で反射された光束は、光軸02上の対物レンズ
15、穴あきミラー14、フォーカスレンズ16、結像
レンズ17を通って跳ね上げミラー18で上方に反射さ
れ、光軸03上のフィールドレンズ19、光分割部材2
0を経てからテレビレンズ21に至り、テレビカメラ2
2に眼底像を結像してモニタ23に眼底像を映出するよ
うになっている。また、写真撮影をするときには、跳ね
上げミラー18を跳ね上げて光束をフィルム24に導き
、眼底像を撮影するようになっている。
The light beam reflected from the fundus passes through the objective lens 15 on the optical axis 02, the perforated mirror 14, the focus lens 16, and the imaging lens 17, and is reflected upward by the flip-up mirror 18 to form a field on the optical axis 03. Lens 19, light splitting member 2
0, then reaches the TV lens 21, and then the TV camera 2.
The fundus image is formed on the monitor 2 and displayed on the monitor 23. Furthermore, when taking a photograph, the flip-up mirror 18 is flipped up to guide the light flux to the film 24, and a fundus image is photographed.

一方、自動合焦装置の一部として、フォーカスレンズ1
6と連動し光軸01に沿って移動可能なスプリット投影
光学系30が照明レンズ12.13間に設置されている
。このスプリット投影光学系30は、第1・図のものと
同じ機能を有する照明用光源31、スリット板32、ス
プリットプリズム33が第1図と同様に配置され、更に
スプリットプリズム33の前方の瞳共役位置に2つの開
口を設けた絞り34が配され、スリット板32と照明用
光源31の間及びスプリットプリズム33と絞り34と
の間には、それぞれレンズ35.36が配置されている
。このスプリット投影光学系30からの光を穴あきミラ
ー14に向けて反射するために、小ミラー37が光軸0
1上に設けられており、この小ミラー37は撮影時には
旋回して光路外に退避される。
On the other hand, as part of the automatic focusing device, the focus lens 1
6 and movable along the optical axis 01 is installed between the illumination lenses 12, 13. In this split projection optical system 30, an illumination light source 31, a slit plate 32, and a split prism 33 having the same functions as those in FIG. 1 are arranged in the same manner as in FIG. A diaphragm 34 with two openings is disposed at one position, and lenses 35 and 36 are disposed between the slit plate 32 and the illumination light source 31 and between the split prism 33 and the diaphragm 34, respectively. In order to reflect the light from this split projection optical system 30 toward the perforated mirror 14, the small mirror 37
1, and this small mirror 37 is rotated and retracted out of the optical path during photographing.

また、光軸03上の光分割部材20の後方には、レンズ
40に次いで第1図に示す円柱レンズ7、一次元センサ
アレイ6にそれぞれ相当する円柱レンズ41及び一次元
センサアレイ42が配置され、センサアレイ42はスリ
ット板32に常に共役に配され、円柱レンズ41は紙面
に垂直な側方から見た場合に受光光学系の瞳とセンサア
レイ42とを共役にしている。更に、フィールドレンズ
19とフィルム24とは共役関係であり、フィールドレ
ンズ19とセンサアレイ42とをレンズ40が共役にし
ているので、センサアレイ42はフィルム24とも常に
共役関係にある。この光学系の瞳は穴あきミラー14の
位置であり、被検眼Eの瞳孔と共役となっている。
Further, behind the light splitting member 20 on the optical axis 03, next to the lens 40, a cylindrical lens 7 shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical lens 41 corresponding to the one-dimensional sensor array 6, and a one-dimensional sensor array 42 are arranged. , the sensor array 42 is always disposed conjugate to the slit plate 32, and the cylindrical lens 41 makes the pupil of the light receiving optical system and the sensor array 42 conjugate when viewed from the side perpendicular to the plane of the paper. Further, the field lens 19 and the film 24 are in a conjugate relationship, and since the lens 40 makes the field lens 19 and the sensor array 42 conjugate, the sensor array 42 and the film 24 are always in a conjugate relationship. The pupil of this optical system is located at the position of the perforated mirror 14, and is conjugate with the pupil of the eye E to be examined.

従って、スプリット投影光学系30及び眼底カメラの光
学系によって、被検眼Eの眼底に投影されて得られたス
プリット反射像Sは、モニタ23の眼底像上に映出され
、同時に一次元センサアレイ42上に光量分布曲線が描
かれる。一次元センサアレイ42上の光量分布にぼけが
ある場合にはぼけが検出され、このぼけが解消する方向
にフォーカスレンズ16が動かされる。フォーカスレン
ズ16と投影光学系30は連動されており、フォーカス
レンズ16が動くと投影光学系30も移動する。
Therefore, the split reflected image S obtained by being projected onto the fundus of the subject's eye E by the split projection optical system 30 and the optical system of the fundus camera is projected onto the fundus image of the monitor 23, and at the same time, the one-dimensional sensor array 42 A light intensity distribution curve is drawn above. If there is a blur in the light intensity distribution on the one-dimensional sensor array 42, the blur is detected, and the focus lens 16 is moved in a direction to eliminate this blur. The focus lens 16 and the projection optical system 30 are linked, and when the focus lens 16 moves, the projection optical system 30 also moves.

センサアレイ42上の光量分布が第4図(a)に示すよ
うになったときには、センサアレイ42とスリット板3
2は共役であるから、眼底とスリット板32も共役とな
り合焦となる。このとき、モニタ23の眼底像上に写し
出されたスプリット反射像S+、第3図(a)に示すよ
うになる。また、センサアレイ42とフィルム24とは
共役関係にあるので、合焦が達成された時にはフィルム
24上に合焦した鮮明な眼底像が得られる。
When the light intensity distribution on the sensor array 42 becomes as shown in FIG. 4(a), the sensor array 42 and the slit plate 3
Since 2 is conjugate, the fundus of the eye and the slit plate 32 are also conjugate and in focus. At this time, the split reflection image S+ projected on the fundus image of the monitor 23 becomes as shown in FIG. 3(a). Further, since the sensor array 42 and the film 24 are in a conjugate relationship, when focusing is achieved, a clear and focused fundus image is obtained on the film 24.

なお、円柱レンズは受光光学系の瞳とセンサアレイとは
原理的には必ずしも共役に保持しなくともよいが、集光
効率が悪くなる虞れはある。
Note that although the pupil of the light-receiving optical system and the sensor array in the cylindrical lens do not necessarily have to be kept conjugate in principle, there is a risk that the light collection efficiency will deteriorate.

このようにして自動合焦操作が行われることになるが1
本実施例ではスプリット投影光学系30によって投影さ
れたスプリット反射像Sは、モニタ23の眼底像上に写
し出されるから、光電的に合焦が得られると同時に、フ
ォーカス状態を目視によって確認することができる。
In this way, automatic focusing operation will be performed, but 1
In this embodiment, the split reflection image S projected by the split projection optical system 30 is projected on the fundus image of the monitor 23, so that the focus state can be visually confirmed while photoelectrically focusing the eye. can.

[発明の効果] 以上説明したように本発明に係る自動合焦装置は、受光
センサ上にスプリット反射像を投影して光電的にその合
焦状態を検出すると共に、そのフォーカス状態を肉眼で
確認できるので、操作性が向上する利点がある。
[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the automatic focusing device according to the present invention projects a split reflected image onto the light receiving sensor, detects the focused state photoelectrically, and also confirms the focused state with the naked eye. This has the advantage of improving operability.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図面は本発明に係る自動合焦装置の実施例を示すもので
あり、第1図はその原理図、第2図はスリットとスプリ
ットプリズムの正面図、第3図(a) 、 (b)はス
プリット反射像の説明図、第4図(a) 、 (b)は
一次元センサアレイ上の光量分布図、第5図は本発明を
適用した眼底カメラの実施例の構成図である。 符号1.11.31は照明用光源、2.32はスリット
板、3.33はスプリットプリズム、4.20は光分割
部材、6.42は一次元センサアレイ、7,41は円柱
レンズ、14は穴あきミラー、x5は対物レンズ、16
はフォーカスレンズ、17は結像レンズ、18は跳ね上
げミラー、22はテレビカメラ、23はモニタ、24は
フィルム、30はスプリット投影光学系、34は絞り、
37は小ミラーである。 特許出願人   キャノン株式会社 第1図 第4図 (C1)     (b)
The drawings show an embodiment of the automatic focusing device according to the present invention; FIG. 1 is a diagram of its principle, FIG. 2 is a front view of the slit and split prism, and FIGS. 3(a) and (b) are An explanatory diagram of a split reflection image, FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) are light quantity distribution diagrams on a one-dimensional sensor array, and FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a fundus camera to which the present invention is applied. 1.11.31 is a light source for illumination, 2.32 is a slit plate, 3.33 is a split prism, 4.20 is a light splitting member, 6.42 is a one-dimensional sensor array, 7 and 41 are cylindrical lenses, 14 is a perforated mirror, x5 is an objective lens, 16
is a focus lens, 17 is an imaging lens, 18 is a flip-up mirror, 22 is a television camera, 23 is a monitor, 24 is a film, 30 is a split projection optical system, 34 is an aperture,
37 is a small mirror. Patent applicant: Canon Co., Ltd. Figure 1 Figure 4 (C1) (b)

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1、一次元センサアレイを用いて被写体のぼけを検知す
る装置において、前記センサアレイの長手方向と直交す
る方向を向くスプリット像を被写体に投射するスプリッ
ト投影光学系を設け、被写体からのスプリット反射像の
目視による確認手段を設け、スプリット反射像を前記セ
ンサアレイに受光する受光光学系中に、前記センサアレ
イの長手方向に母線を有する円柱レンズを設けたことを
特徴とする自動合焦装置。 2、前記スプリット反射像の目視による確認手段は、被
写体を映出するテレビモニタとした特許請求の範囲第1
項に記載の自動合焦装置。 3、前記円柱レンズは受光光学系の瞳と前記センサアレ
イとを略共役に保持するようにした特許請求の範囲第1
項に記載の自動合焦装置。
[Scope of Claims] 1. A device for detecting blur of a subject using a one-dimensional sensor array, including a split projection optical system that projects a split image directed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the sensor array onto the subject; A means for visually confirming a split reflected image from a subject is provided, and a cylindrical lens having a generatrix in the longitudinal direction of the sensor array is provided in a light receiving optical system that receives the split reflected image onto the sensor array. Autofocus device. 2. Claim 1, wherein the means for visually checking the split reflected image is a television monitor on which the subject is projected.
Automatic focusing device as described in section. 3. Claim 1, wherein the cylindrical lens maintains the pupil of the light-receiving optical system and the sensor array substantially conjugate.
Automatic focusing device as described in section.
JP7793985A 1985-04-12 1985-04-12 Automatic focusing device Pending JPS61236514A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7793985A JPS61236514A (en) 1985-04-12 1985-04-12 Automatic focusing device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7793985A JPS61236514A (en) 1985-04-12 1985-04-12 Automatic focusing device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61236514A true JPS61236514A (en) 1986-10-21

Family

ID=13648035

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP7793985A Pending JPS61236514A (en) 1985-04-12 1985-04-12 Automatic focusing device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS61236514A (en)

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