JPH0371130B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0371130B2
JPH0371130B2 JP1192908A JP19290889A JPH0371130B2 JP H0371130 B2 JPH0371130 B2 JP H0371130B2 JP 1192908 A JP1192908 A JP 1192908A JP 19290889 A JP19290889 A JP 19290889A JP H0371130 B2 JPH0371130 B2 JP H0371130B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fundus
light
eye
focus
examined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP1192908A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH02104330A (en
Inventor
Juji Ito
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Canon Inc
Original Assignee
Canon Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canon Inc filed Critical Canon Inc
Priority to JP1192908A priority Critical patent/JPH02104330A/en
Publication of JPH02104330A publication Critical patent/JPH02104330A/en
Publication of JPH0371130B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0371130B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は眼科検査機器に関し、殊にフオーカス
状態を自動的に検出する様にした螢光撮影可能な
眼底カメラに関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an ophthalmological examination device, and more particularly to a fundus camera capable of photographing fluorescence and automatically detecting a focus state.

従来、眼底カメラの焦点調節は観察者が観察用
接眼レンズをのぞきながら対物レンズ後方に配置
せられる撮影レンズを微動調節することで実施し
ていた。しかしながらこの方法では、精度上かな
りのバラツキを生じ又、集団検診などでは観察者
を疲労させる原稿の一つであつた。更に散瞳剤を
用いずに眼底を観察するために眼底照明光として
赤外線を用いることが行なわれているが、この場
合赤外線像を可視像に変換する必要があるためコ
ントラストが低下し焦点調整はし難くなる。これ
らの点に対処するため、焦点調節用指標像を眼底
へ投影する装置が組み込まれている。
Conventionally, focus adjustment of a fundus camera has been carried out by an observer looking through an observation eyepiece and finely adjusting a photographic lens placed behind an objective lens. However, this method causes considerable variation in accuracy and is one of the manuscripts that causes fatigue for observers in mass medical examinations and the like. Furthermore, infrared rays have been used as fundus illumination light to observe the fundus without using mydriatic agents, but in this case, it is necessary to convert the infrared image into a visible image, which reduces the contrast and makes it difficult to adjust the focus. It becomes difficult to cut. In order to deal with these points, a device for projecting a focus adjustment index image onto the fundus of the eye is incorporated.

一般に、眼底撮影は瞳位置合せ(光軸合せ)、
作動距離合せ、焦点合せ、視線透導その他と操作
が煩雑である為、撮影には慣れを要する。従つて
焦点合せだけでも自動化されれば、検者(撮影
者)は他の操作に意識を集中できるから、良好な
画質の写真を得るために都合が良く、従つて自動
焦点合わせの提案が種々なされている。
In general, fundus photography involves pupil alignment (optical axis alignment),
It takes some getting used to taking pictures because the operations such as adjusting the working distance, focusing, and visual transmission are complicated. Therefore, if only focusing could be automated, the examiner (photographer) would be able to concentrate on other operations, which would be convenient for obtaining high-quality photographs.Therefore, there are various proposals for automatic focusing. being done.

本発明の目的は螢光撮影可能な眼底カメラにお
いてフオーカス状態を検出する際のSN比の向上
を図ることにある。
An object of the present invention is to improve the signal-to-noise ratio when detecting a focus state in a fundus camera capable of photographing fluorescence.

第1図は螢光撮影可能な本発明の実施例を示し
ており、先ず一般撮影について述べる。Eは被検
眼、Efはその眼底を示す。1は対物レンズ、2
は絞り開口を具えた有孔鏡、3aは負屈折力のフ
オーカシングレンズ、3bは結像レンズ、4は撮
影フイルムである。対物レンズ1は眼底Efの像
Pを形成し、フオーカシングレンズ3aと結像レ
ンズ3bは像Pをフイルム4上に再結像する。5
はクイツク・リターン・ミラー、6は光路変換
鏡、7は接眼レンズである。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention that is capable of fluorescence photography, and first, general photography will be described. E indicates the eye to be examined, and Ef indicates the fundus of the eye. 1 is the objective lens, 2
3 is a perforated mirror with an aperture, 3a is a focusing lens with negative refractive power, 3b is an imaging lens, and 4 is a photographic film. The objective lens 1 forms an image P of the fundus Ef, and the focusing lens 3a and the imaging lens 3b re-form the image P onto the film 4. 5
is a quick return mirror, 6 is an optical path conversion mirror, and 7 is an eyepiece.

以上、対物レンズ1から接願レンズ7までが観
察撮影系を構成する。
As described above, the observation and photographing system includes the objective lens 1 to the application lens 7.

次に10と11はリレーレンズ、12は光路変
換鏡、13は円環状開口を具えた遮光板、14は
コンデンサーレンズ、15は撮影用ストロボ管、
16はコンデンサーレンズ、17は観察用の白色
ランプである。
Next, 10 and 11 are relay lenses, 12 is an optical path conversion mirror, 13 is a light shielding plate with an annular aperture, 14 is a condenser lens, 15 is a photography strobe tube,
16 is a condenser lens, and 17 is a white lamp for observation.

以上、リレーレンズ10からランプ17及び対
物レンズ1と有孔鏡2が照明系を構成する。そし
て光源15と17の光は夫々コンデンサーレンズ
14と15を介して遮光板13上に集光し、遮光
板13の開口を通つた光はリレーレンズ11と1
0及び対物レンズ1の作用で被検眼Eの瞳上に一
旦結像した後、眼底Efを一様に照明する。
As described above, the relay lens 10 to the lamp 17, the objective lens 1, and the perforated mirror 2 constitute an illumination system. The light from the light sources 15 and 17 is condensed onto the light shielding plate 13 via the condenser lenses 14 and 15, respectively, and the light passing through the aperture of the light shielding plate 13 is focused on the relay lenses 11 and 13.
After an image is once formed on the pupil of the subject's eye E by the action of the 0 and the objective lens 1, the fundus Ef is uniformly illuminated.

次に18は波長分割鏡で、カラーフイルムの感
光波長域外の近赤外光を反射し、可視光を透過さ
せる性質の干渉薄膜を蒸着した平板であり、観察
撮影系の光軸に45度に斜設される。また19は光
路分割プリズム、20はフオートダイオードのア
レイを備えたフオーカス検出器である。波長分割
鏡18により反射された光路は光路分割プリズム
で2分割され、それぞれアレイの受光面20aに
達するが、光路の一方は鏡18からフイルム4ま
での光路長より若干短く他方は若干長くなる様に
決定されている。従つて、受光面20a上の物体
像のボケの分布が等しくなつたときに合焦が検出
される。更に21はフオーカス指標の投影系で、
23は白色光源、24は図面に垂直に延びた線状
スリツトを具えたマスク、25は投影レンズ、2
6は18と同等の波長分割鏡で、この鏡で分岐さ
れた光軸上を投影系21は移動する。また投影系
21とフオーカシングレンズ3aは運動するもの
とし、その結果、マスク24とフイルム4は同時
に眼底Efと共役に調整される。これはモータM
もしくは手動で駆動されるものとし、モータMの
正逆転と停止はフオーカス検出器20の出力で制
御され、自動と手動は適宜選択し得る。27は表
示板で、液晶及びこれを挾む透明電極から成り、
第2図に平面形態を示す様に基準マーク27a
と、上下方向に移動するマークを現出させる第1
表示部27b、細線の十字を現出させる第2表示
部27cを具える。この表示板27はミラー5に
関してフイルム4と等価な面に配され、十字線が
現出した時その交点が観察光路の光軸に一致する
様に置かれる。また第1表示部27bのフオーカ
ス状態を示すマークはフオーカス検出器20の出
力に応じて移動するもので、観察撮影系のピント
が合つた時には基準マーク27aと一列に並び、
前ピンの時は例えば基準マークより上方にずれ、
後ピンの時は逆動するものとし、基準マークから
のずれ量はピントの外れ量に対応する。一方、第
2表示部27bの十字線は自動もしくは半自動か
ら手動への切換えで現出し、この切換えでフオー
カス検出器20とモータM及び光源23への給電
が停止される。
Next, reference numeral 18 is a wavelength splitting mirror, which is a flat plate coated with an interference thin film that reflects near-infrared light outside the sensitive wavelength range of color film and transmits visible light. Installed diagonally. Further, 19 is an optical path splitting prism, and 20 is a focus detector equipped with an array of photodiodes. The optical path reflected by the wavelength splitting mirror 18 is split into two by the optical path splitting prism, and each reaches the light receiving surface 20a of the array, but one of the optical paths is slightly shorter than the optical path length from the mirror 18 to the film 4, and the other is slightly longer. It has been decided. Therefore, in-focus is detected when the blur distribution of the object image on the light-receiving surface 20a becomes equal. Furthermore, 21 is the projection system of the focus index,
23 is a white light source; 24 is a mask having a linear slit extending perpendicular to the drawing; 25 is a projection lens;
6 is a wavelength splitting mirror equivalent to 18, and the projection system 21 moves on the optical axis branched by this mirror. It is also assumed that the projection system 21 and the focusing lens 3a move, and as a result, the mask 24 and the film 4 are simultaneously adjusted to be conjugate with the fundus Ef. This is motor M
Alternatively, it is assumed that the motor M is driven manually, and the forward/reverse rotation and stopping of the motor M are controlled by the output of the focus detector 20, and automatic or manual can be selected as appropriate. 27 is a display board, consisting of a liquid crystal and transparent electrodes sandwiching it;
The reference mark 27a is shown in FIG.
and the first mark to appear that moves in the vertical direction.
It includes a display section 27b and a second display section 27c that displays a thin cross. This display plate 27 is arranged on a surface equivalent to the film 4 with respect to the mirror 5, and is placed so that when the crosshairs appear, the intersection thereof coincides with the optical axis of the observation optical path. Further, the mark indicating the focus state on the first display section 27b moves according to the output of the focus detector 20, and when the observation and photographing system is in focus, it is aligned with the reference mark 27a.
For example, when the front is pinned, it shifts above the reference mark,
When the rear focus is on, it moves in the opposite direction, and the amount of deviation from the reference mark corresponds to the amount of out-of-focus. On the other hand, the crosshair on the second display section 27b appears when switching from automatic or semi-automatic to manual mode, and this switching stops power supply to the focus detector 20, motor M, and light source 23.

なお、第1表示部はLED素子を配列しても良
いし、エレクトロ・クロミーを使用しても良い、
また第2表示部は自在にスライドあるいは揺動し
て光路中に配置され且つ十字線が刻まれた透明板
で置換することもできる。
Note that the first display section may be arranged with LED elements, or electrochromy may be used.
Further, the second display section can be replaced by a transparent plate that can freely slide or swing and be placed in the optical path and has a crosshair engraved on it.

28は切換スイツチで、自動と半自動と手段の
切換が可能であり、自動の時はフオーカス検出器
20とモータM、光源23、表示板の第1表示部
27bが駆動され、半自動の時はフオーカス検出
器20と光源23、第1表示部27bが駆動さ
れ、自動の時は第2表示部27cが駆動される。
以上の構成に於いて、切換スイツチ28を自動側
に設定すると、光源23を発した光束はコンデン
サーレンズを介してマスク4のスリツトを照明す
る。スリツトを通過した光束は投影レンズ25で
結像された後、波長分割鏡26で反射してリレー
レンズ10へ向うが、その際、近赤外光が反射
し、それにより短波長側の光は鏡26を透過して
光吸収板Sに吸収される。リレーレンズ10を通
過した近赤外光は有孔鏡2で反射した後、再度結
像して対物レンズ1へ向い、その後、眼底Ef上
に鮮明なあるいは不鮮明なスリツト像を形成す
る。次いで眼底Efで反射した光束は対物レンズ
1で結像し、有孔鏡2の絞り開口を通過してフオ
ーカシングレンズ3a及び結像レンズ3bで屈折
され、波長分割鏡18で反射する。
Reference numeral 28 denotes a changeover switch that can be used to switch between automatic and semi-automatic mode; when automatic, the focus detector 20, motor M, light source 23, and first display section 27b of the display board are driven; when semi-automatic, the focus The detector 20, the light source 23, and the first display section 27b are driven, and when automatic, the second display section 27c is driven.
In the above configuration, when the changeover switch 28 is set to the automatic side, the light beam emitted from the light source 23 illuminates the slit of the mask 4 via the condenser lens. The light beam passing through the slit is imaged by the projection lens 25, then reflected by the wavelength splitting mirror 26 and directed towards the relay lens 10. At this time, the near-infrared light is reflected, and as a result, the light on the short wavelength side is The light passes through the mirror 26 and is absorbed by the light absorption plate S. The near-infrared light that has passed through the relay lens 10 is reflected by the perforated mirror 2, then re-imaged and directed toward the objective lens 1, after which it forms a clear or unclear slit image on the fundus Ef. Next, the light beam reflected from the fundus Ef is imaged by the objective lens 1, passes through the aperture of the perforated mirror 2, is refracted by the focusing lens 3a and the imaging lens 3b, and is reflected by the wavelength splitting mirror 18.

このスリツト投影が行われているときには同時
に眼底観察照明も成されており、光源17を発し
た光束の内、可視域の波長より長波長側の光は波
長分割鏡26で反射して除去され、可視域の光束
は対物レンズ1を経て眼底Efを一様に照明する。
眼底からの物体光は対物レンズ1と有効鏡2の開
口、フオーカシングレンズ3a、結像レンズ3b
を経て波長分割鏡18へ向うが、こちらの光束は
鏡18を透過し、ミラー5で反射して接眼レンズ
7へ向い、検者に観察される。即ち、観察用の光
とフオーカス検出用の光は使用する波長が分離さ
れているので観察用の光が光電検出時の雑音とな
ることはない。
When this slit projection is being performed, fundus observation illumination is also performed at the same time, and among the light beams emitted from the light source 17, light with wavelengths longer than the wavelengths in the visible range is reflected by the wavelength splitting mirror 26 and removed. The visible light beam passes through the objective lens 1 and uniformly illuminates the fundus Ef.
Object light from the fundus is transmitted through the objective lens 1, the aperture of the effective mirror 2, the focusing lens 3a, and the imaging lens 3b.
The light beam passes through the mirror 18, is reflected by the mirror 5, and is directed toward the eyepiece lens 7, where it is observed by the examiner. That is, since the wavelengths used for the observation light and the focus detection light are separated, the observation light does not become noise during photoelectric detection.

さて、波長分割鏡18で反射した光束は光路分
割プリズム19で2分割され、それぞれフオード
ダイオード・アレイ20a上にスリツト像を形成
する。ここでアレイ20aが走査されてスリツト
像の2つの光分布が読み出され、両光分布が比較
されるが、どちらの光分布の広がりが小さいかで
ピントが眼底より前にあるか後にあるかが検出さ
れ、その検出信号に従つてモータMが駆動されて
フオーカシングレンズ3a及び投影系21の位置
調節が成される。フオーカシングレンズ3a及び
投影系21はアレイ20a上の光分布が等しくな
るまで所定方向へ移動されるが、一方、表示板2
7の第1表示部27bはピントの方向及び外れ量
に応じて表示が成される。第3図はフアインダー
視野例を示しており、視野内には眼底像と並んで
基準マーク像27a′と第1表示部の像27b′が現
出する。図はピントが合つた時の様子を描いてい
る。
Now, the light beam reflected by the wavelength splitting mirror 18 is split into two by the optical path splitting prism 19, and each forms a slit image on the feed diode array 20a. Here, the array 20a is scanned to read out the two light distributions of the slit image, and the two light distributions are compared. Depending on which light distribution has a smaller spread, it is determined whether the focus is in front or behind the fundus. is detected, and the motor M is driven according to the detection signal to adjust the positions of the focusing lens 3a and the projection system 21. The focusing lens 3a and the projection system 21 are moved in a predetermined direction until the light distribution on the array 20a becomes equal.
The first display section 27b of No. 7 displays information according to the direction of focus and the amount of out-of-focus. FIG. 3 shows an example of the finder field of view, in which a reference mark image 27a' and an image 27b' of the first display section appear alongside the fundus image within the field of view. The figure depicts the situation when the object is in focus.

次に切換スイツチ28を半自動に切換えると、
フアインダー視野内にレンズ像と基準マーク像と
して第1表示部の像が表われるから、検者は基準
マーク像と第1表示部の像が並ぶ様にカメラを手
動調整する。
Next, when the changeover switch 28 is switched to semi-automatic,
Since the image of the first display section appears as a lens image and a reference mark image within the viewfinder field of view, the examiner manually adjusts the camera so that the reference mark image and the image of the first display section are lined up.

更に切換スイツチ28を手動に切換えると、フ
アインダー視野内に十字線27cの像が表われる
から、検者はこの十字線を目安にして従来の眼底
カメラと同じ操作を行う。
Furthermore, when the changeover switch 28 is switched to manual mode, the image of the crosshair 27c appears within the viewfinder's field of view, and the examiner performs the same operations as a conventional fundus camera using the crosshair as a guide.

以上の如き操作で眼底にピントが合い、撮影レ
リーズを行うと、この信号で、自動の場合はモー
タMが係止される過程が更に加わつて、クイツ
ク・リターン・ミラー5は跳上り、ストロボ管1
5が発光してフイルム4が露光される。
When the fundus of the eye is brought into focus through the operations described above and the photographing release is performed, this signal also adds a process of locking the motor M in the case of automatic mode, causing the quick return mirror 5 to jump up and the strobe tube to be released. 1
5 emits light and the film 4 is exposed.

なお、フオーカスの検出方式は以上説明した方
式以外のものも使用可能である。
Note that methods other than those described above can be used as the focus detection method.

以上、一般撮影について述べたが、ここで螢光
眼底撮影を行う際には波長分割鏡18とフイルム
4の間にバリヤー・フイルターを配置し、波長分
割鏡26と撮影光源15の間にエキサイター・フ
イルターを配置するものとする。
General photography has been described above, but when performing fluorescence fundus photography, a barrier filter is placed between the wavelength division mirror 18 and the film 4, and an exciter filter is placed between the wavelength division mirror 26 and the photography light source 15. A filter shall be placed.

以上説明した本発明によれば雑音の影響が除去
されるので光電変換手段による検出精度が向上し
てカメラ側の信頼性が高まる。そして螢光撮影時
に光路中波長選択手段の後方にバリアフイルタを
設けることにより、該バリアフイルタとして不可
視光を通過させない製造容易な通常のバリアフイ
ルタを用いることができる。
According to the present invention as described above, since the influence of noise is removed, the detection accuracy by the photoelectric conversion means is improved and the reliability of the camera is increased. By providing a barrier filter in the optical path behind the wavelength selection means during fluorescence photography, an ordinary barrier filter that does not allow invisible light to pass through and is easy to manufacture can be used as the barrier filter.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は実施例の光学断面図。第2図は表示板
の平面図。第3図はフアインダー視野を示す図。 図中、1は対物レンズ、3aはフオーカシング
レンズ、4はフイルム、17は白色ランプ、21
はフオーカス指標投影系、24は線状スリツトを
有するマスク、18と26は近赤外より長波長側
を反射し、短波長側を透過させる波長分割鏡、1
9は光路分割プリズム、20はフオーカス検出、
Mはモーター、27は表示板、28は切換スイツ
チである。
FIG. 1 is an optical cross-sectional view of the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the display board. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the viewfinder field of view. In the figure, 1 is an objective lens, 3a is a focusing lens, 4 is a film, 17 is a white lamp, 21
1 is a focus index projection system; 24 is a mask having a linear slit; 18 and 26 are wavelength dividing mirrors that reflect longer wavelengths than near infrared rays and transmit shorter wavelengths;
9 is an optical path splitting prism, 20 is a focus detection,
M is a motor, 27 is a display board, and 28 is a changeover switch.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 エキサイタフイルタを介して可視の第1の波
長域の光で被検眼眼底を照明する眼底照明系と、
バリアフイルタを介し可視の前記第1の波長域と
異なる第2の波長域の光で被検眼眼底の撮影を行
なう眼底撮影系を備える螢光撮影可能な眼底カメ
ラにおいて、不可視の第3の波長域を含む光で被
検眼眼底に合焦検出用の指標を投影する指標投影
系と、 前記眼底撮影系の光路内で前記バリアフイルタ
より被検眼側にあつて可視光と不可視光を分離す
る波長選択手段と、 該波長選択手段で分離される不可視光を受光し
て被検眼眼底に対する合焦状態を検出する光検出
手段を有することを特徴とする眼底カメラ。 2 指標光と照明光は眼底照明系に設けられる第
2の波長選択手段を一方が反射、他方が透過した
後、光路を共有するようにして前記エキサイター
フイルターは前記第2の波長選択手段に関し被検
眼と反対側の眼底照明光路内に設けられる特許請
求の範囲第1項記載の眼底カメラ。
[Scope of Claims] 1. A fundus illumination system that illuminates the fundus of an eye to be examined with light in a first visible wavelength range through an exciter filter;
In a fundus camera capable of photographing fluorescence, which is equipped with a fundus photographing system that photographs the fundus of an eye to be examined using light in a second wavelength range different from the visible first wavelength range through a barrier filter, a third invisible wavelength range is provided. an index projection system that projects an index for focus detection onto the fundus of the eye to be examined using light containing light; and a wavelength selection system that separates visible light and invisible light within the optical path of the fundus photographing system on the side of the eye to be examined from the barrier filter. A fundus camera, comprising: a light detection means for receiving the invisible light separated by the wavelength selection means and detecting a state of focus on the fundus of the eye to be examined. 2. After one of the index light and the illumination light is reflected and the other transmitted through the second wavelength selection means provided in the fundus illumination system, the exciter filter shares the optical path with the second wavelength selection means. The fundus camera according to claim 1, which is provided in the fundus illumination optical path on the side opposite to the eye examination.
JP1192908A 1989-07-26 1989-07-26 Ocular fundus camera Granted JPH02104330A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1192908A JPH02104330A (en) 1989-07-26 1989-07-26 Ocular fundus camera

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1192908A JPH02104330A (en) 1989-07-26 1989-07-26 Ocular fundus camera

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP55154018A Division JPS5778839A (en) 1980-11-01 1980-11-01 Eye bottom camera

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH02104330A JPH02104330A (en) 1990-04-17
JPH0371130B2 true JPH0371130B2 (en) 1991-11-12

Family

ID=16298981

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1192908A Granted JPH02104330A (en) 1989-07-26 1989-07-26 Ocular fundus camera

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH02104330A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5683653B2 (en) * 2013-07-31 2015-03-11 キヤノン株式会社 Ophthalmic apparatus and method for controlling ophthalmic apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH02104330A (en) 1990-04-17

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