JPS61232558A - Rechargeable battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To vent oxygen and hydrogen generated and prevent electrolyte leakage and increase explosion proof capability by mounting a venting component obtained by bonding a foam body and water repellent porous film in a part, which is not in contact with electrolyte, of battery container. CONSTITUTION:A venting component 10 obtained by bonding a foam resin 11 having continuous foam and water repellent porous film 12 is mounted in a part, which is not in contact with electrolyte, of a battery container 4. Oxygen and hydrogen generated inside the container are vented through the venting component, but leakage of electrolyte 8 through the venting component is prevented. The continuous foam of the foam resin serves as gas venting passage. Since the foam resin has large heat capacity, even when hydrogen gas catches fire, the fire does not enter the container. Therefore, explosion proof capability is increased.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は充電式電池の改良に関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to improvements in rechargeable batteries.

（従来技術） 例えば自動車、自動２輪車、原動機付自転車等に装備さ
れる充電式電池（１）では第２図（ａｌに示す様に過充
電時に電解液（８）（例えば希硫酸）中の水の電気分解
によって電極（９）から水素（２）及び酸素（３）が発
生する。そこで水素、酸素の発生による充電式電池容器
（４）の破裂を防止するため容器の栓（５）には通気口
が設けられている。(Prior art) For example, when a rechargeable battery (1) installed in a car, two-wheeled motor vehicle, motorized bicycle, etc. is Hydrogen (2) and oxygen (3) are generated from the electrode (9) by electrolysis of water.Therefore, in order to prevent the rechargeable battery container (4) from bursting due to the generation of hydrogen and oxygen, the plug (5) of the container is closed. is equipped with a ventilation hole.

（発明が解決しようとする問題点） この通気口（６）は第２図（ｂｌに詳細に示す様に容器
内の電解液の洩出を防ぐため迷路状にはなっているが、
充電式電池（１）の搬送時や自動車に装備された時には
振動によって電解液が洩出することがあった。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As shown in detail in FIG.
When the rechargeable battery (1) is transported or installed in a car, the electrolyte may leak due to vibration.

また自動２輪車では通気口として第３図の様にホース（
７）をとりつけガスを排出すると同時に洩出電解液を地
面にまで導くようにしている。しかし自動２輪車を運転
する際ステップと地面が接触し、火花がとぶことがある
のでホースから排出される酸素、水素に引火する恐れも
ある。In addition, on motorcycles, a hose (as shown in Figure 3) is used as a vent.
7) is installed to exhaust the gas and at the same time guide the leaked electrolyte to the ground. However, when riding a motorcycle, the steps may come into contact with the ground and sparks may fly, so there is a risk that the oxygen or hydrogen discharged from the hose may catch fire.

上記に鑑み本発明はこの様な問題点を解消するため開発
されたものである。以下詳細に本発明を説明する。In view of the above, the present invention has been developed to solve these problems. The present invention will be explained in detail below.

（問題点を解決するための手段） 本発明は、第１図に示すように充電式電池容器（４）の
接液部以外の一部に樹脂の連続気泡の発泡体（１１）と
撥水性の多孔質膜（１２）を貼り合わせた構造を持つ呼
吸部品（１０）を装着したものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides an open-cell resin foam (11) and a water-repellent resin foam (11) in a part of the rechargeable battery container (4) other than the liquid contact area. This device is equipped with a respiratory component (10) having a structure in which a porous membrane (12) of

上記に於いて多孔質膜は発泡体の容器内に露出する部分
に、その連続気泡の容器外へ通ずる面を覆うよう貼り合
わせる（第１図（ｂｌ中矢印は連続気泡の連通ずる方向
を示している）。この面が複数ある場合は複数の面を覆
うよう貼り合わせる。In the above process, the porous membrane is attached to the part of the foam exposed inside the container so as to cover the surface of the open cells that communicates with the outside of the container (Figure 1 (arrows in BL indicate the direction in which the open cells communicate). ).If there are multiple sides, paste them together to cover multiple sides.

なお第１図中前述第２図と同一符号は同一部位を示して
いる。In FIG. 1, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 2 indicate the same parts.

（作用） 上記により、容器内に発生する酸素、水素を呼吸部品を
通じて排出する一方、電解液（８）の洩出を防ぐ。なお
上記に於いて発泡体の連続気泡は呼吸の通路となると同
時に熱容量が大きいので容器から排出される水素ガスに
着火した際容器内部に火がはいり込むことを防ぐ防爆性
を有する。(Function) According to the above, oxygen and hydrogen generated in the container are discharged through the breathing parts, while leakage of the electrolytic solution (8) is prevented. In the above, the open cells of the foam act as breathing passages and at the same time have a large heat capacity, so they have explosion-proof properties that prevent fire from entering the container when hydrogen gas discharged from the container is ignited.

多孔質膜はその撥水性を以て電解液の洩出を許さない。The porous membrane does not allow leakage of electrolyte due to its water repellency.

上記でいう樹脂の発泡体（１１）とは、弗素樹脂、ポリ
エチレン、ポリプロピレン等を素材とする連続気孔をも
つ発泡体で、樹脂粉末の圧縮成形や発地剤による発泡成
形により作られる。The resin foam (11) mentioned above is a foam with open pores made of fluororesin, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc., and is made by compression molding of resin powder or foam molding using a forming agent.

また上記でいう多孔質膜（１２）とは弗素樹脂、ポリエ
チレン、ポリプロピレン等の単体や、シリコン樹脂や弗
素樹脂により少くとも表面が撥水性処理を施された材料
をも意味する。前記撥水性材料のなかでも弗素樹脂が優
れ、四弗化エチレン樹脂が代表していると言える。In addition, the above-mentioned porous membrane (12) also means a single substance such as fluororesin, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc., or a material whose surface at least has been treated to be water repellent with silicone resin or fluororesin. Among the above-mentioned water-repellent materials, fluororesins are excellent, and tetrafluoroethylene resin is a representative example.

多孔質膜の構造として不織布構造も適するが、通気性及
び強度に富む構造の方が本発明により適するため一１繊
維により互に連結された結節よりなる微細繊維組織を有
し、その繊維の径が０．１〜５μｍである多孔質体構造
が最適である。撥水性樹脂といえども多孔質体の孔径が
大きすぎれば、水が透過するようになるため、孔径は重
要である。Although a non-woven structure is also suitable as the structure of the porous membrane, a structure with high air permeability and strength is more suitable for the present invention, so it has a fine fiber structure consisting of nodules interconnected by 11 fibers, and the diameter of the fibers is A porous structure having a diameter of 0.1 to 5 μm is optimal. Even if the resin is water-repellent, the pore size is important because if the pore size of the porous body is too large, water will pass through it.

水の透過を防止するためには孔径は１００μ雇以下でな
ければならず、逆に孔径が小さすぎれば圧力損失が大き
くなり多孔質体構造の効果を発揮しがたくなるため、孔
径は０．１μｍ以上でなければならない。又気孔率は通
気性を充分に発揮し、多孔質体構造を有するように３０
〜９５％であれば良い。In order to prevent water permeation, the pore diameter must be 100 μm or less; conversely, if the pore diameter is too small, the pressure loss will increase and the porous structure will not be as effective, so the pore diameter should be 0. Must be 1 μm or more. In addition, the porosity is 30 to fully exhibit breathability and have a porous structure.
It is sufficient if it is ~95%.

（発明の効果） 以上説明した様に本発明は下記の様な効果を有している
。(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the present invention has the following effects.

■　本発明では撥水性多孔質膜および樹脂発泡体からな
る呼吸部品を容器の通気口としている。(2) In the present invention, a breathing part made of a water-repellent porous membrane and a resin foam is used as the vent of the container.

従って充電式電池容器内に発生する酸素、水素を排出出
来ると同時に電解液の洩出を防ぐ。Therefore, the oxygen and hydrogen generated in the rechargeable battery container can be discharged, and at the same time, leakage of the electrolyte can be prevented.

■　多孔質膜が樹脂発泡体と貼り合わせた構造になって
いるため熱容量が大きく、水素ガスに着火した際電池内
部に火が入り込む事を防ぎ、防爆性を有する。■ The porous membrane is bonded to a resin foam, which has a large heat capacity and prevents fire from entering the battery when hydrogen gas is ignited, making it explosion-proof.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明の充電式電池を説明する全体の縦断正面
図（図（ａ））とその呼吸部品の詳細（図（ｂ））第２
図は従来の充電式電池を説明する全体の縦断正面図（図
（ａ））とその栓の縦断面図（図（ｂ））、第６図は従
来の充電式電池の使用状態例を説明する縦断正面図を夫
々例示している。 （１）・・・充電式電池、（２）・・・水素、（３）・
・・酸素、（４）・・・充電式電池容器、（５）・・・
栓、（６）・・・通気口、（７）・・・ホース、（８）
・・・電解液、（９）・・・電極、（１０）・・・呼吸
部品、（１１）・・・樹脂発泡体、（１２）・・・撥水
性多孔質膜 オ　１　図 （ａ） （ｂ） 第２図 （ａ）　　　　　　　（ｂ） オ　３　図Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the entire rechargeable battery of the present invention (Figure (a)) and details of its breathing parts (Figure (b)).
The figure shows an overall longitudinal sectional front view (figure (a)) and a longitudinal sectional view of its plug (figure (b)), which explains a conventional rechargeable battery, and Figure 6 explains an example of how a conventional rechargeable battery is used. Each figure shows an example of a longitudinal sectional front view. (1)...Rechargeable battery, (2)...Hydrogen, (3)...
...Oxygen, (4)...Rechargeable battery container, (5)...
Plug, (6)...Vent, (7)...Hose, (8)
... Electrolyte, (9) ... Electrode, (10) ... Breathing parts, (11) ... Resin foam, (12) ... Water-repellent porous membrane 1 Figure (a) (b) Figure 2 (a) (b) Figure 3

Claims (7)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）充電式電池の容器の一部に樹脂の連続気泡の発泡
体と撥水性の多孔質膜を発泡体の連続気泡の容器外へ通
ずる面を覆うよう貼り合わせた構造を持つ呼吸部品を装
着したことを特徴とする充電式電池。(1) A breathing component with a structure in which open-cell resin foam and a water-repellent porous membrane are bonded to a part of the container of a rechargeable battery so as to cover the surface of the open-cell foam that communicates with the outside of the container. A rechargeable battery characterized by being installed. （２）樹脂の発泡体が、四弗化エチレン樹脂の焼結体で
ある特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の充電式電池。(2) The rechargeable battery according to claim (1), wherein the resin foam is a sintered body of tetrafluoroethylene resin. （３）樹脂の発泡体が、ポリプロピレン樹脂の発泡体で
ある特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の充電式電池。(3) The rechargeable battery according to claim (1), wherein the resin foam is a polypropylene resin foam. （４）　樹脂の発泡体が、ポリエチレン樹脂の発泡体で
ある特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の充電式電池。(4) The rechargeable battery according to claim (1), wherein the resin foam is a polyethylene resin foam. （５）多孔質膜が、四弗化エチレン樹脂製多孔質膜であ
る特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の充電式電池。(5) The rechargeable battery according to claim (1), wherein the porous membrane is a porous membrane made of tetrafluoroethylene resin. （６）多孔質膜が、ポリプロピレン樹脂製多孔質膜であ
る特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の充電式電池。(6) The rechargeable battery according to claim (1), wherein the porous membrane is a porous membrane made of polypropylene resin. （７）多孔質膜がポリエチレン樹脂製多孔質膜である特
許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の充電式電池。(7) The rechargeable battery according to claim (1), wherein the porous membrane is a porous membrane made of polyethylene resin.