JPS61223413A - Kerosene burning device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable to make stable steady-state burning and reduce foul odor by increasing absorption effect at the time of fire extinction by installing an opening and closing plate that closes a passage between a wick and a wick outer cylinder at the time of steady-state burning and opens at the tie of fire extinction. CONSTITUTION:An air passage which connects a combustion chamber 7 and a fuel tank 2 is formed between a wick 1 and a wick outer cylinder 4 and an opening and closing plate 5 of which up and down movement is linked to that of the wick 1 is installed. At the time of steady-state burning when the wick 1 is at an upper position, the passage (a) between the opening and closing plate 5 is closed because of the contact between the opening and closing plate 5 and the lower end part of the wick outer cylinder 4 and by closing air flow from the fuel tank 2, adverse effect on burning is eliminated. And at the time of fire extinction when the wick moves downward, the passage (a) is opened because of the separation between the opening and closing plate 5 and the wick outer cylinder 4 and vaporized gas from the top end of the wick 1 is absorbed smoothly into the fuel tank and reduction of foul odor at the fire extinction time is stably obtained. And as the reduced pressure at the capillary part of the wick 1 is relieved, adverse effect is reduced at the next ignition time.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は石油ストーブ、石油コンロ等に広く用いられる
灯芯式の石油燃焼器に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a wick-type oil burner widely used in oil stoves, oil stoves, and the like.

従来の技術 灯芯式の石油燃焼器は消火する場合、燃焼中に燃焼室内
に露出していた灯芯を芯案内筒と芯外筒の間隙で形成さ
れる灯芯収容部内に降下させ、灯芯の温度を急激に低下
させて灯芯からの気化ガスの発生を停止し消火させる手
段が用いられている。Conventional technology When extinguishing a fire in a wick-type oil combustor, the wick, which was exposed in the combustion chamber during combustion, is lowered into the wick accommodating space formed by the gap between the wick guide tube and the wick outer tube, and the temperature of the wick is lowered. A method is used to rapidly lower the temperature to stop the generation of vaporized gas from the wick and extinguish the fire.

しかしこのような手段によれば灯芯が降下後も灯芯や灯
芯近傍の余熱によってしばらく灯芯から燃料気ガスが発
生し、気化ガスが高温の燃焼室内をと昇する時に熱分解
されアルデヒド等の刺激臭の強い成分に変化するために
強い臭気を発生する問題点があり、この問題点を解決す
るためにファンやポンプ等の吸引機構を附加することに
より消火時に燃料タンク内を減圧し、消火後金熱により
発生する気化ガスを燃料タンク内に吸引し、燃焼室内へ
の気化ガスの流出を防止し、臭気を低減する手段が用い
られている。However, with this method, even after the wick is lowered, fuel gas is generated from the wick for a while due to residual heat in and around the wick, and as the vaporized gas rises in the high-temperature combustion chamber, it is thermally decomposed and produces pungent odors such as aldehydes. To solve this problem, a suction mechanism such as a fan or pump is added to reduce the pressure inside the fuel tank when the fire is extinguished, and the metal is removed after the fire is extinguished. Means are used to suck vaporized gas generated by heat into the fuel tank, prevent the vaporized gas from flowing into the combustion chamber, and reduce odor.

発明が解決しようとする問題点 このような従来の手段によれば燃料タンク内を減圧する
ことによシ灯芯先端部からの気化ガスが燃料タンク内に
吸引されると同時に灯芯内部の毛細管部が減圧され、灯
芯の毛細管部に含有された燃料が減圧されることにより
降下し先端部に含まれる燃料が減少するために、点火時
に灯芯先端の１点に点火後円周方向への火移りが緩慢に
なり強い臭気を発生する問題点を有していた。以下にこ
の理由について述べる。Problems to be Solved by the Invention According to such conventional means, by reducing the pressure inside the fuel tank, the vaporized gas from the tip of the wick is sucked into the fuel tank, and at the same time, the capillary tube inside the wick is Due to the reduced pressure, the fuel contained in the capillary part of the wick falls and the fuel contained in the tip part decreases, so at the time of ignition, the flame transfers in the circumferential direction at one point at the tip of the wick after ignition. The problem was that it became slow and produced a strong odor. The reason for this will be explained below.

従来灯芯と灯芯を保持する芯外筒、芯案内筒との間隙は
通常燃焼中燃料タンク側から前記間隙を通って燃焼室へ
流れる空気を少なくするために狭くしてあった。これは
多く使用されているカセットタンクから燃料を供給する
方法においてカセットタンクから燃料タンクへの燃料の
供給がカセットタンク内圧とカセットタンク出口の表面
張力とのバランスでなされるために間欠的になシ、燃料
供給時に１時的に燃料タンク内が加圧状態になる。Conventionally, the gap between the lamp wick, the wick outer tube, and the wick guide tube that hold the wick has been narrowed to reduce the amount of air flowing from the fuel tank side through the gap into the combustion chamber during combustion. This is because in the method of supplying fuel from a cassette tank, which is often used, the supply of fuel from the cassette tank to the fuel tank is done in a balanced manner between the internal pressure of the cassette tank and the surface tension at the outlet of the cassette tank. , the inside of the fuel tank is temporarily pressurized when fuel is supplied.

この時燃料タンク内に存在する空気は灯芯と芯外筒、芯
案内筒との間隙から燃焼室に流出するが、この空気によ
って燃焼が乱れ火炎が変化する。この現象を防止するた
めに前記間隙は広くすることが困難であった。At this time, the air present in the fuel tank flows into the combustion chamber through the gap between the wick, the wick outer tube, and the wick guide tube, but this air disturbs combustion and changes the flame. It has been difficult to widen the gap in order to prevent this phenomenon.

次に、ＦｊｉＪ記ｈ°♂ｌ成において消火時に燃料タン
ク内を吸引装置によって減圧すると消火後打芯先端部か
ら発生する気化ガスは灯芯と芯外筒、芯案内筒との間の
わずかな間隙を通シ燃料タンク内に吸引されると同時に
燃料タンク内に存在する灯芯の下部の毛細管内部が９圧
になり灯芯上部の毛細管部に含有された燃料が下方喀移
動することにより灯芯上部の毛細管部に含有された燃料
が希薄になったり、毛細管によって灯芯の上部から下部
に連通している燃料の一部が切断され空気が存在する（
いわゆるエアーロック）ことによって燃料の吸と能力が
低下する現象を生ずる。そのために次に点火する時に灯
芯先端部の燃料が希薄となシネ活性の状態になるために
灯芯先端に点火しても灯芯の円周方向への火炎の移動が
困難になり、全周へ火炎が移るまでに長い時間を要する
。この火炎の移動が長くなることによシ燃焼室内におい
て火炎が一部に集中することによって極部的に空気不足
の不完全燃焼を生じ強い臭気を発生するものである。Next, when the fuel tank is depressurized by a suction device when extinguishing in the FjiJ Note h°♂l configuration, the vaporized gas generated from the tip of the wick after extinguishing is absorbed into the small gap between the wick, the wick outer tube, and the wick guide tube. At the same time as the fuel is sucked into the fuel tank, the pressure inside the capillary at the bottom of the wick inside the fuel tank becomes 9 pressure, and the fuel contained in the capillary at the top of the wick moves downward, causing the capillary at the top of the wick to rise. When the fuel contained in the wick becomes diluted, or when the capillary tube cuts off part of the fuel that communicates from the top to the bottom of the wick, air is present (
This phenomenon (so-called air lock) causes a decrease in fuel suction capacity. Therefore, the next time you light it, the fuel at the tip of the wick will be in a state of cine activation, so even if you ignite the tip of the wick, it will be difficult for the flame to move in the circumferential direction of the wick, causing the flame to spread all around the wick. It takes a long time for it to move. As the flame travels for a long time, the flame is concentrated in one part of the combustion chamber, resulting in incomplete combustion due to lack of air in the combustion chamber, and a strong odor is generated.

問題点を解決するための手段 これらの問題点を解決するために本発明は灯芯と芯外筒
との間に燃焼室と燃料タンクを連通ずる空気通路を設け
、灯芯の昇降に連動して昇降する開閉板を備え、灯芯と
芯外筒の間の空気通路を定常燃焼時に閉塞し、消火時に
開放する構成にしたものである。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve these problems, the present invention provides an air passage between the lamp wick and the wick outer cylinder, which communicates the combustion chamber with the fuel tank, so that the air passage can be raised and lowered in conjunction with the raising and lowering of the lamp wick. The air passage between the wick and the wick outer cylinder is closed during steady combustion, and opened when extinguished.

作　　　用 上記構成において、灯芯が上の位置にある定常燃焼時に
おいては開閉板と芯外筒下端が接するために灯芯と芯外
筒間の空気通路が閉塞され燃料タンクからの空気流が遮
断され燃焼への悪影響が防止される。また灯芯が降下す
る消火時においては開閉板と芯外筒間が開放されるため
に灯芯と芯外筒間の空気通路が開放され灯芯先端からの
気化ガスの燃料タンク内への吸引が円滑なり、消火臭気
の低減が安定的にできるとともに、灯芯の毛細管部の減
圧が緩和されるだめに次の点火時への悪影響を低減する
ことができる。Function In the above configuration, during steady combustion when the wick is in the upper position, the opening/closing plate and the lower end of the wick outer cylinder are in contact with each other, so the air passage between the wick and the wick outer cylinder is blocked, and the air flow from the fuel tank is blocked. Adverse effects on combustion are prevented. In addition, when the wick is lowered to extinguish a fire, the opening and closing plate and the wick outer cylinder are opened, so the air passage between the wick and the wick outer cylinder is opened, and the vaporized gas from the tip of the wick is smoothly drawn into the fuel tank. In addition, the extinguishing odor can be stably reduced, and since the reduced pressure in the capillary tube portion of the lamp wick is alleviated, the adverse effect on the next ignition can be reduced.

実施例 以下、本発明の一実施例を図面にもとづいて説明する。Example Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

第１図は通常燃焼中の状態を示すが１は灯芯で下端を燃
料タンク２中の燃料中に浸漬しと端を燃焼宰７内に露し
毛細管現象で燃料を灯芯先端部へ供給している。２は燃
料タンクでカセットタンク９よシ供給される燃料を一定
液面で灯芯１に供給する。３は燃焼筒６の内側の空気を
供給する通路を形成するとともにその外壁面で灯芯１の
昇降をガイドする芯案内筒、４は芯案内筒３との間隙で
灯芯１の収容部を形成する芯外筒で灯芯１との間に空気
通路ａを形成している。５は灯芯１を保持するとともに
その上端と芯外筒４の間を開閉する開閉板で、開閉板５
と芯外筒４の間は灯芯１の上針時つまり定常燃焼時には
第１図に示すごとく閉塞し、灯芯１の下降時つまり消火
時には第２図に示すごとく開放される。６は多数の小孔
を有する内炎筒、外炎筒、赤熱筒、外筒等により形成さ
れ灯芯１から気化した気化ガヌと空気を混合し燃焼する
燃焼筒である。８はモーターとファンよりなる吸引装置
で灯芯１が降下すると同時に作動し燃料タンク２内の空
気を外部に排出し燃料りンク２の中を減圧状態にする。Figure 1 shows the state during normal combustion. The lower end of the wick is immersed in the fuel in the fuel tank 2, and the end is exposed in the combustion chamber 7, and fuel is supplied to the tip of the wick by capillary action. There is. A fuel tank 2 supplies fuel supplied from a cassette tank 9 to the lamp wick 1 at a constant level. A wick guide tube 3 forms a passage for supplying air inside the combustion tube 6 and guides the lamp wick 1 up and down on its outer wall surface, and a wick guide tube 4 forms a housing portion for the lamp wick 1 in a gap with the wick guide tube 3. An air passage a is formed between the wick outer cylinder and the lamp wick 1. Reference numeral 5 denotes an opening/closing plate that holds the lamp wick 1 and opens/closes between the upper end of the lamp wick 1 and the wick outer cylinder 4;
The space between the wick and outer cylinder 4 is closed as shown in FIG. 1 when the wick 1 is on its way up, that is, during steady combustion, and is opened as shown in FIG. 2 when the wick 1 is lowered, that is, when the fire is extinguished. Reference numeral 6 denotes a combustion tube, which is formed of an inner flame tube, an outer flame tube, a glowing tube, an outer tube, etc., each having a large number of small holes, and mixes the vaporized gas from the wick 1 with air and burns the mixture. Reference numeral 8 denotes a suction device consisting of a motor and a fan, which operates at the same time as the lamp wick 1 descends to exhaust the air in the fuel tank 2 to the outside and reduce the pressure in the fuel link 2.

上記構成において灯芯１の先端に点火するとその燃焼熱
とドラフトによって供給される空気によって燃料が気化
し空気と混合されて燃焼室７内で燃焼する。この時に灯
芯１と芯外筒４との間に空気通路ａが存在するが、その
下方で開閉板５と芯外筒４の間が閉塞されているために
燃料タンク２から流入する空気は空気通路ａを通ること
ができない。したがって同空気が灯芯１の近傍を通過す
ることによって生ずる気化量の増加や、燃焼室７内に至
って燃焼を乱すことはほとんどない。In the above configuration, when the tip of the lamp wick 1 is ignited, the fuel is vaporized by the combustion heat and air supplied by the draft, mixed with air, and combusted in the combustion chamber 7. At this time, an air passage a exists between the lamp wick 1 and the wick outer cylinder 4, but since the space between the opening/closing plate 5 and the wick outer cylinder 4 is closed below the air passage a, the air flowing from the fuel tank 2 is You cannot pass through passage a. Therefore, there is almost no increase in the amount of vaporization caused by the air passing near the lamp wick 1, or there is almost no possibility that the air reaches the inside of the combustion chamber 7 and disturbs combustion.

次に消火時について説明する。灯芯１を降下させると灯
芯１の先端近傍に供給される空気と燃焼筒６から与えら
れる熱が急速に低減するために気化ガス量は低減し燃焼
が停止することも、吸引装置８が作動し燃料タンク２内
の空気を外部に排出するためにタンク内は減圧される。Next, we will explain what happens when a fire is extinguished. When the lamp wick 1 is lowered, the air supplied to the vicinity of the tip of the lamp wick 1 and the heat given from the combustion tube 6 are rapidly reduced, so the amount of vaporized gas is reduced and combustion stops, and the suction device 8 is activated. The pressure inside the fuel tank 2 is reduced in order to exhaust the air inside the fuel tank 2 to the outside.

また開閉板５は第２図のごとく降下し、芯外筒４との間
が開放され空気通路ａと燃料タンク２内は連通ずる。灯
芯１の先端からは温度が低下するまで灯芯自身および近
傍の金具等の余熱によって少量の気化ガスが発生するが
空気通路ａを介し燃料タンク２内に吸収されその大部分
は冷却されて再液化しタンク外に排出される。この時本
発明の構成によれば灯芯１と芯外筒の間に空気通路ａが
存在するために灯芯１の先端部と下部との差圧（Ｐ料タ
ンク内を減圧した場合の灯芯先端部と燃料タンク内の圧
力差）が少ないために灯芯内の毛細管に含油された燃料
の下方への移動が少なく、次に点火する場合にも燃焼中
とほぼ同程度の燃料が保持されており、点火後の火炎の
円周方向への移動も速く、燃焼室７で均一に火炎が成長
するために点火の臭気も少ない。また空気通路ａを有す
るために、消火後灯芯１の先端からの気化ガスを吸引す
る過程において回部から燃料タンク２内に至る通路抵抗
が少なく、吸引装置も小能力のもので気化ガスを吸引す
ることが可能となり、吸引装置を電池で作動する場合に
は電池の消耗も少なくてすむ。空気通路ａの大きさは過
少であると効果が少なく過大であると灯芯１の下降時残
留の火炎が燃料タンク２内に逆火することがあり実験に
よると０．５〜２ｍｍ位が適切な範囲である。Further, the opening/closing plate 5 is lowered as shown in FIG. 2, and the space between it and the outer cylinder 4 is opened, and the air passage a and the inside of the fuel tank 2 are communicated with each other. Until the temperature drops from the tip of the wick 1, a small amount of vaporized gas is generated due to the residual heat of the wick itself and nearby metal fittings, etc., but it is absorbed into the fuel tank 2 through the air passage a, and most of it is cooled and reliquefied. and is discharged outside the tank. At this time, according to the configuration of the present invention, since the air passage a exists between the lamp wick 1 and the wick outer cylinder, the differential pressure between the tip and the bottom of the lamp wick 1 (at the tip of the wick when the pressure inside the P material tank is reduced) Because the pressure difference between the fuel tank and the fuel tank is small, there is little downward movement of the fuel contained in the capillary tube in the lamp wick, and the same amount of fuel is retained the next time it is ignited as during combustion. The flame moves quickly in the circumferential direction after ignition, and the flame grows uniformly in the combustion chamber 7, so there is little odor from ignition. In addition, since it has an air passage a, there is less resistance in the passage from the circulation part to the inside of the fuel tank 2 in the process of sucking vaporized gas from the tip of the lamp wick 1 after extinguishing, and the suction device is also of a small capacity to suck vaporized gas. Therefore, when the suction device is operated by batteries, the battery consumption can be reduced. If the size of the air passage a is too small, it will be less effective, and if it is too large, the flame remaining when the wick 1 descends may cause backfire in the fuel tank 2. According to experiments, the appropriate size is about 0.5 to 2 mm. range.

次に灯芯を使用した燃焼器においては灯芯を若干上下し
て灯芯先端の露出色情を変え燃焼量を調節する機能を有
するものがあるがその場合第３図に示すごとく芯外筒４
の下端の開閉板５との対応部にジャバラ等の弾性体から
なる調節板４′を設けることにより灯芯１が若干下降し
ても閉塞機能を維持することができる。この調節板４′
は開閉板５に設けても同様な効果を得ることができる。Next, some combustors that use a wick have a function to adjust the amount of combustion by changing the exposure of the tip of the wick by raising and lowering the wick slightly.
By providing an adjusting plate 4' made of an elastic body such as a bellows at a portion corresponding to the opening/closing plate 5 at the lower end of the lamp, the closing function can be maintained even if the lamp wick 1 is slightly lowered. This adjustment plate 4'
Even if it is provided on the opening/closing plate 5, similar effects can be obtained.

発明の詳細 な説明したように本発明は消火時にタンク内を減圧する
吸引装置を有し、灯芯と芯外筒の間に空気通路を設ける
とともに、灯芯の昇降に連動して昇降する開閉板により
灯芯と芯外筒との間の通路を定常燃焼時に閉塞し消火時
に開放する構成にすることによって （１）安定した定常ｔｑ　ｒｙｅが得られる。As described in detail, the present invention has a suction device that reduces the pressure inside the tank when extinguishing a fire, provides an air passage between the lamp wick and the wick outer cylinder, and has an opening/closing plate that moves up and down in conjunction with the lifting and lowering of the lamp wick. (1) Stable steady tq rye can be obtained by configuring the passage between the lamp wick and the wick outer tube to be closed during steady combustion and opened when extinguished.

■　点火時の火炎の移動が速く交電が児ない。■ When ignited, the flame moves quickly and there is no power supply.

（３）消火時に気化ガスの吸収効果が犬で臭気が少ない
。(3) Dogs are more effective at absorbing vaporized gas when extinguishing fires, and there is less odor.

（４）吸収装置の小能力化が可能でコストダウンができ
る。(4) It is possible to reduce the capacity of the absorption device and reduce costs.

等の効果が得られるものである。The following effects can be obtained.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明の一実施例の石油燃焼器の燃焼時要部断
面図、第２図、第３図は同石油燃焼器の消火時の要部断
面図である。 １・・・・・・灯芯、２・・・・・・燃料タンク、ａ・
川・・芯案内筒、４・・・・・・芯外筒、５・・・・・
・開閉板、８・・山・吸引装置、ａ・・・・・・空気通
路。 代理人の氏名　弁理士　中　尾　敏　男　ほか１名／　
−−一灯芯 ５−　開閉板 ６−　歴焼簡 ７−　燃焼室 第２図 第３図 、３FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of an oil combustor according to an embodiment of the present invention during combustion, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are sectional views of main parts of the same oil combustor during extinguishing. 1...Light wick, 2...Fuel tank, a.
River: Core guide tube, 4... Core outer tube, 5...
- Opening/closing plate, 8... Mountain/suction device, a... Air passage. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person/
--Lamp wick 5- Opening/closing plate 6- Burning paper 7- Combustion chamber Figure 2 Figure 3, 3

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）上端が燃焼時には燃焼室中に位置し、消火時には
芯外筒と芯案内筒の間隙内に降下する灯芯と、前記芯外
筒と前記灯芯との間に前記燃焼室と燃料タンク内を連通
する空気通路と、前記灯芯降下時に前記燃料タンク内を
減圧する吸引装置と、前記灯芯の昇降に連動し、灯芯上
昇時に前記空気通路を閉塞し、降下時に前記空気通路を
開放する開閉板とを備えた石油燃焼器。(1) A wick whose upper end is located in the combustion chamber during combustion and falls into the gap between the wick outer tube and the wick guide tube during extinguishing, and a space between the wick outer tube and the wick in the combustion chamber and the fuel tank. an air passage that communicates with the lamp wick, a suction device that reduces the pressure inside the fuel tank when the lamp wick is lowered, and an opening/closing plate that is linked to the lifting and lowering of the lamp wick and closes the air passage when the lamp wick is raised and opens the air passage when it is lowered. Oil burner equipped with. （２）芯外筒の下面、または開閉板の上面の少なくとも
一方に弾性体よりなる調節板を備えた特許請求の範囲第
１項記載の石油燃焼器。(2) The oil combustor according to claim 1, further comprising an adjusting plate made of an elastic body on at least one of the lower surface of the outer core cylinder and the upper surface of the opening/closing plate.