JP3738656B2

JP3738656B2 - Oil fire extinguisher

Info

Publication number: JP3738656B2
Application number: JP2000107594A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 利彦山田
Original assignee: 株式会社トヨトミ
Priority date: 2000-04-10
Filing date: 2000-04-10
Publication date: 2006-01-25
Anticipated expiration: 2020-04-10
Also published as: JP2001289409A

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
この発明は通常消火時には消火時間を長くして悪臭の発生を抑え、緊急消火時には瞬間的に消火を行なう消火装置を備えた石油燃焼器に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
芯上下式石油燃焼器として芯収容筒の間隙に芯を上下動自在に取付け、芯収容筒の外方には空気室を隣接し、芯収容筒の間隙と空気室とが通気口によって連通したものがある。また、空気室には空気室と外気とを連通する空気流通孔を設け、外部の空気が空気室内に流入できるようになっており、消火の為に芯を通気口よりも低い位置に降下すると、空気室の空気が開口した通気口から芯収容筒の間隙内に流入し、一方、芯から気化する石油ガスは空気室内に拡散し、不可燃状態まで石油ガスが薄められて急速消火する。
【０００３】
また、石油ガスが不燃状態まで薄められる過程で空気室内で石油ガスと空気の混合比が均一な所定の値になると爆発燃焼を起こし、急に発生した燃焼ガスによって芯の先端の炎を吹き消して急速消火させることができる。
【０００４】
急速消火構造は地震等の非常時の消火装置として有効であるが、急速に消火させた為に多量の未燃ガスが放出されて悪臭を発生するものであった。この為、通常消火時には急速消火しないように未燃ガスを燃焼させながら芯収容筒の温度を下げていき、消火時間を長くする方法によって悪臭のない消火をねらったものがある。
【０００５】
即ち、芯が芯収容筒内を上下動する為にはやわらかい芯と芯収容筒とが接触した状態を維持しており、この状態では芯収容筒は芯によって密封できずに空気が流通できる隙間が形成され、芯の降下位置を通気口よりも高い位置に設定して芯が通気口を塞いだ状態でも、芯と芯収容筒とのわずかな隙間を介して通気口から少量の空気が芯の上端付近に流入している。この為、通常消火時に空気流通孔から空気室を経て通気口に至る空気量が芯から気化する石油ガスとバランスすると、小さな炎で燃焼を継続しながら消火するから、消火時間が長くなって悪臭の発生の少ない消火が実現できる。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、緊急時に急速消火する為には芯収容筒内に空気を均一に流入させて芯収容筒内の石油ガス濃度を短時間で薄めて芯の先端部を不可燃状態にする必要があるが、芯を下げて小燃焼で使用中は芯収容筒が高温になりやすいから、この状態で消火すると、芯収容筒が高温の為に灯油の気化が促進され、芯収容筒内で芯から気化する石油ガス量が多くなるので従来の空気流入量では不可燃状態に薄めることができず、消火不能や消火時間が長くなる恐れがある。
【０００７】
この為、緊急時の急速消火を確実にするには、芯収容筒内の石油ガス濃度を短時間で不可燃状態にできるように空気流通孔の開口面積を広げ、空気室を経て通気口から芯収容筒に流入する空気量を多くする方法が考えられるが、空気流通孔を通過する空気量が多くなれば、燃焼中に流速の速い風が吹きつけた時に燃焼部のドラフトに対して空気量が異常に多くなって燃焼状態を悪化させる恐れがあり、この方法は実施できない。
【０００８】
一方、芯から気化する石油ガス量が増えた時には、芯から気化する石油ガスが空気室に拡散しやすく、空気室内で爆燃を起こす確率が高くなるが、確実な消火をねらう為には消火時に空気室に入る空気は少ない方がよく、空気流通孔に開閉弁を取付けて消火時に開閉弁を閉ざすことで消火の確立を高めることができる。
【０００９】
しかし、開閉弁によって空気流通孔を閉止すると、空気流通孔から空気室内への空気流入が遮断されて空気の流れが悪くなる為、通常消火時の芯収容筒内の上昇気流が小さい時は通気口からの空気流入がほとんどなく、芯収容筒内は空気不足となって燃焼を継続させることができずにすぐに消火してしまうことがあった。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明は上記の課題を解決する為に、芯内筒１と芯外筒２とで構成する芯収容筒３の間隙に芯４を上下動自在に取付け、かつ、芯収容筒３の外方に隣接して設けた空気室５と、該空気室５内に収納される芯上下装置６とを設け、芯４は芯上下装置６によって上下動すると共に、通常消火の芯降下位置よりも緊急消火の芯降下位置を低く設定し、かつ、前記空気室５には空気室５と外気とを連通する空気流通孔７を設けると共に、通常消火の芯降下位置よりも低く、緊急消火の芯降下位置よりも高い位置に芯収容筒３の間隙と空気室５とを連通する通気口８を設け、緊急消火時に降下した芯４によって通気口８が開口する石油燃焼器において、前記通気口８は芯収容筒３の全周に複数個所配置すると共に、前記芯外筒２には通常消火の芯降下位置よりも低く、通気口８よりも高い位置で空気室５の上方の芯収容筒３壁に外気と連通する空気孔９を設け、かつ、該空気孔９は通気口８の間に設けて通気口８と空気孔９とは交互に配置したものである。
【００１１】
また、前記通気口８はスリット状の開口を複数個並べて形成し、空気孔９は通気口８のない部分に複数個の小孔９ａを並べて形成したので、通気口８と空気孔９は緊急消火に必要な開口面積を維持すると共に、通常燃焼中は空気孔９を通過する空気が多くなって芯収容筒３の温度が低く維持できる。
【００１２】
また、芯４の上下動と連動して空気流通孔７を開閉する開閉弁１０を設け、空気流通孔７は開閉弁１０によって燃焼時に開口し、消火時に閉止する時は、空気流通孔７からの空気流入がなくても、通常消火時に必要な空気量を空気孔９によって確保することができるものとなった。
【００１３】
【作用】
この発明では通気口８よりも高い位置の空気室５の上方の芯収容筒３壁に外気と連通する空気孔９を設け、芯収容筒３の全周から平均して空気が流入するように空気孔９は通気口８のない部分に配置しており、通常消火時の芯降下位置は空気孔９よりも高い位置に設定して通常消火時に閉止される構造となっている。また、緊急消火時の芯降下位置は通気口８と空気孔９よりも低い位置に設定して緊急消火時に開口する構造となっている。
【００１４】
通常燃焼中は燃焼部のドラフトによって通気口８と空気孔９とから空気が少しづつ流入することは避けられず、この空気量は通気口８よりも芯４の上端に近い空気孔９から流入する空気量が多くなるものである。この為、燃焼量を下げて燃焼した時に芯収容筒３の温度が高くなりやすくとも、低温度の外気が空気孔９から流入して芯収容筒３の温度を低く維持することができ、燃焼量変化によって芯収容筒３の温度変化をほとんどなくすことができた。
【００１５】
また、通常消火時は芯４が芯収容筒３内に降下すると気化する石油ガス量が少なくなり、燃焼部内に残っているドラフトによって通気口８と空気孔９とから燃焼を継続させるのに最適な空気量を吸引するので、未燃ガスを燃焼しながら芯収容筒３は少しづつ温度を下げ、炎が小さくなってやがて自然消火する。
【００１６】
一方、緊急消火時は芯４が急速に降下する為に芯収容筒３内が負圧となり、降下した芯４によって開口したスリット状の通気口８と空気孔９の両方から空気が流入すると共に、スリット状の通気口８から石油ガスが空気室５に素早く拡散するから、芯収容筒３内の石油ガス濃度が不可燃状態に薄められて芯降下とほぼ同時に消火できる。
【００１７】
また、空気孔９を複数個の小孔９ａで構成することにより、小孔９ａを流速の遅い空気が通過する時は、小孔９ａの合計の断面積は大きいので一定の空気量の流入が可能であり、もし石油燃焼器の燃焼中に流速の速い風が吹き付けた時は、小径の小孔９ａによって抵抗を受けて空気孔９から流入しようとする空気が遮られるから、供給される空気量は大きく変化せず安定した燃焼状態を保つことができる。
【００１８】
一方、空気流通孔７に開閉弁１０を設けて消火時に閉止して消火の確実性をねらったものでは、通常消火時に芯収容筒３内の上昇気流によって芯４の上端に近い空気孔９から空気が流入するから、燃焼を継続しながら消火することができる。
【００１９】
【実施例】
図に示す芯上下式の石油燃焼器の実施例によってこの発明を説明すると、１は芯内筒、２は芯外筒、３は芯内筒１と芯外筒２とで構成する芯収容筒、４は芯収容筒３の間隙に上下動自在に取付けた芯、１１は芯収容筒３の下方に位置する油タンクであり、油タンク１１内の燃料は芯４の下端で吸上げられて芯４の上方に供給される。
【００２０】
６は芯上下操作を行なう芯上下装置、５は芯外筒２の外方に隣接した芯上下装置６が収納される空気室、７は空気室５の外壁に設けた空気室５と外気とを連通する空気流通孔、８は芯収容筒３と空気室５とを連通するスリット状に開口した通気口であり、該通気口８は芯収容筒３の全周に複数個並べて配置してある。
【００２１】
１２は芯収容筒３の上方に載架した燃焼筒であり、芯上下装置６によって芯４の上端を芯収容筒３の上方へ突出させ、点火ヒータなどの点火装置によって芯４に点火すると、芯４の下方で吸上げられた油タンク１１の燃料が芯４の上端で燃焼を開始し、発生する燃焼炎と燃焼ガスは燃焼筒１２とその上方で燃焼する。
【００２２】
芯４と芯収容筒３との間隙において、芯４が芯収容筒３内を上下動する為にわずかな隙間を形成しているから、燃焼中は燃焼筒１２のドラフトによって空気流通孔７から空気室５内に空気が流入し、空気室５内に流入した空気は芯４と芯収容筒３とのわずかな隙間を介して通気口８から芯収容筒３内に流入し、芯４の上部に供給している。
【００２３】
ところで、最近の石油燃焼器は地震などの緊急時には対震消火装置を作動して急速消火する必要があるが、急速消火した時は燃焼途中で消火する為に未燃ガスを放出して悪臭の原因となるので、急速消火の必要がない通常消火時には悪臭の発生しない消火装置を備えるものが好まれる。
【００２４】
この為、通常消火の芯降下位置よりも緊急消火の芯降下位置を低く設定し、通気口８は通常消火の芯降下位置よりも低く、緊急消火の芯降下位置よりも高い位置に設定している。
【００２５】
そして、通常消火時には芯収容筒３の間隙内に燃焼炎が引込まれて芯４から気化する石油ガス量が少なくなるが、通気口８は芯４によって塞がれていても少量の空気が流入して、この空気量が芯４から気化する石油ガス量とバランスして未燃ガスを燃焼しながら芯収容筒３の温度を下げ、未燃ガス量が少なくなると自然消火するので悪臭のない消火を可能としている。
【００２６】
一方、緊急消火時には急速降下した芯４によって芯収容筒３内が負圧となり、空気室５内の空気が開口した通気口８から芯収容筒３内に流入して石油ガス濃度を下げ、また芯収容筒３内で気化した石油ガスは空気室５内に拡散するから、芯収容筒３内の石油ガス濃度が不可燃状態まで薄められ、芯降下とほぼ同時に消火する。
【００２７】
しかし、従来の芯収容筒３の構造では、石油燃焼器を小燃焼で使用した時には、芯収容筒３の温度が高くなる為に芯４からの灯油の気化が促進され、芯４を下げた状態で燃焼が継続するので芯４から気化する石油ガスが薄められにくく、芯収容筒３内へ空気室５内から空気を供給続けるので、消火できなくなる恐れがあった。
【００２８】
この発明では燃焼中の燃焼状態の安定を図ると共に、通常消火時の消火性能を向上する為のものであり、９は通気口８よりも高い位置で空気室５の上方の芯収容筒３壁に設けた外気と連通する空気孔であり、該空気孔９は通気口８のない部分に設けて空気孔９と通気口８とが交互に並んで配置され、芯収容筒３の間隙内へ全周から平均して空気が流入可能となっている。
【００２９】
この為、通常燃焼中は燃焼筒１２のドラフトによって通気口８と空気孔９とから芯収容筒３内に少しづつ空気が流入するが、燃焼筒１１のドラフトは上記の空気孔９に影響しやすく、主として空気孔９から空気が流入することで流入する空気量は大きく変化しないので燃焼状態を悪化することはない。
【００３０】
また、通気口８よりも芯４の上端に近い空気孔９から流入する空気量が多くなり、空気孔９からは低温度の外気が流入するので、燃焼量を下げて燃焼した時にも空気孔９から流入する空気流によって芯収容筒３の温度上昇を抑えて芯収容筒３を低温度に維持でき、燃焼中に気化する石油ガス量も抑えることができる。
【００３１】
そして、空気孔９は通常消火時の芯降下位置よりも低い位置に設定したので、通常消火時に芯４が芯収容筒３内に降下した時は、通気口８と空気孔９とから空気が流入して未燃ガスを燃焼しながら芯収容筒３は少しづつ温度を下げ、芯収容筒３の温度が低下して気化ガス量が少なくなると炎が小さくなって自然消火するものである。
【００３２】
一方、緊急消火時に芯４を降下すると通気口８と空気孔９が開口し、芯収容筒３の全周から平均して空気が流入するから、芯収容筒３内の石油ガス濃度が不可燃状態に薄められて芯降下とほぼ同時に消火でき、燃焼状態に関係なく安定した急速消火性能が得られる。
【００３３】
また、燃焼中に空気孔９を流速の速い空気流が通過すると燃焼状態を悪化させる恐れがあり、防風手段を追加する必要がある。この発明の実施例において９ａは空気孔９を構成する小孔であり、該小孔９ａは通気口８のない部分に複数個並べて形成したので、小孔９ａの合計の断面積は必要とする空気孔９の断面積に匹敵する。
【００３４】
この為、燃焼中に小孔９ａを流速の遅い空気が通過する時は抵抗が小さく、一定の空気量の流入が可能であるが、石油燃焼器に風が吹き付けた時のような流速の速い空気では、小孔９ａによって抵抗を受ける為に芯収容筒３内の空気量の増加ができにくいので、供給される空気量は大きく変化しないから安定した燃焼状態を保つことができる。
【００３５】
また、緊急消火時に空気室５内で爆発燃焼を起こして急速消火させる構造において、１０は芯４の上下動と連動して空気流通孔７を開閉する開閉弁であり、該開閉弁１０によって空気流通孔７は燃焼中に開口し、消火時に閉止するものである。
【００３６】
緊急消火時に空気流通孔７を閉止すると、芯４から気化する石油ガスが空気室５内に拡散し、空気室５内で石油ガスと空気との混合ガスが均一な所定の値になると芯４の先端の炎によって爆発燃焼を起こし、急に発生した燃焼ガスによって芯４の先端の炎を吹き消して急速消火する。
【００３７】
上記の消火構造は、小燃焼中の芯収容筒３の温度が高い時は気化ガス量が多くなる為に空気室５内で爆発燃焼が可能となる混合比にまで薄めることができずに急速消火しない恐れがあるが、この発明では空気孔９から流入する空気によって芯収容筒３の温度を低温度に維持でき、また、もし芯収容筒３の温度が高くなっても、空気孔９から流入する空気で石油ガス濃度が薄められて爆発燃焼が可能な混合ガスとなるので急速消火性能は安定する。
【００３８】
更に、通常消火時に空気流通孔７を閉止すると空気室５内への空気流入が遮断されて空気の流れが悪くなり、燃焼筒１２のドラフトが弱い為に通気口８から芯収容筒３内に空気が流入しにくく、芯収容筒３内が空気不足となってすぐに消火して未燃ガスを放出させる恐れがあるが、この発明では空気孔９から流入する空気が芯４から気化する石油ガス量とバランスするから、未燃ガスを燃焼させながら消火することができる。
【００３９】
【発明の効果】
以上のようにこの発明では空気室５の上方の芯収容筒３壁に外気と連通する空気孔９を設けたから、燃焼筒１２のドラフトによって芯収容筒３内に流入する空気量は通気口８よりも芯４の上端に近い空気孔９の方が多くなり、空気孔９からは低温度の外気が流入して芯収容筒３の温度上昇を抑え、石油燃焼器を小燃焼で使用しても芯収容筒３は低温度を維持するので、緊急消火時に芯収容筒３内の石油ガス濃度は短時間で不可燃状態に薄めることができ、芯降下とほぼ同時に消火できる。
【００４０】
また、空気孔９はスリット状に開口した通気口９のない部分に設け、通気口８と空気孔９とが交互に並んだ配置としたから、芯収容筒３の間隙内へ全周から平均して空気が流入して、緊急消火時に必要な開口面積を維持して安定した消火性能を実現できるものとなった。
【００４１】
更に、芯外筒２に直接開けた空気孔９を複数個の小孔９ａを並べて構成すれば、燃焼中に小孔９ａを通過する空気の流速は遅くなり、石油燃焼器に風が吹きつけた時の流速の速い空気流は小孔９ａによって抵抗を受けて芯収容筒３内に流入しようとする空気が遮られ、小孔９ａの合計の断面積は空気孔９の断面積に匹敵するので流速が遅くとも一定の空気量の流入は可能となり、供給される空気量は大きく変化しないから安定した燃焼状態を保つことができ、芯収容筒３に空気孔９を設ける構造が実現できた。
【００４２】
一方、消火時に開閉弁１０によって空気流通孔７を閉止して緊急消火するものでは、通常消火時に通気口８から空気が流入しなくても、空気孔９から流入する空気によって芯収容筒３内へ空気を供給できるので、安定した消火性能を得ることができた。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の実施例を示す石油燃焼器の断面図である。
【図２】この発明の実施例を示す石油燃焼器の要部断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１芯内筒
２芯外筒
３芯収容筒
４芯
５空気室
６芯上下装置
７空気流通孔
８通気口
９空気孔
９ａ小孔
１０開閉弁[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to an oil combustor provided with a fire extinguishing device that suppresses the generation of bad odor by extending the fire extinguishing time during normal fire extinguishing and instantaneously extinguishing fire during emergency fire extinguishing.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a core vertical type oil combustor, a core is attached to the gap of the core housing cylinder so as to be movable up and down, an air chamber is adjacent to the outside of the core housing cylinder, and the space between the core housing cylinder and the air chamber communicate with each other through a vent. There is something. In addition, the air chamber is provided with an air circulation hole that communicates the air chamber with the outside air, so that external air can flow into the air chamber, and if the core is lowered to a position lower than the vent for fire extinguishing The air in the air chamber flows into the gap between the core housing cylinders from the open vent, while the oil gas that evaporates from the core diffuses into the air chamber, and the oil gas is diluted to an incombustible state and rapidly extinguishes.
[0003]
In addition, when the oil gas is diluted to a non-combustible state, if the mixing ratio of oil gas and air reaches a predetermined value in the air chamber, explosion combustion occurs, and suddenly generated combustion gas blows off the flame at the tip of the core. Can be extinguished quickly.
[0004]
The rapid fire extinguishing structure is effective as a fire extinguishing device in an emergency such as an earthquake, but a large amount of unburned gas is emitted due to rapid extinguishing of fire, and a bad odor is generated. For this reason, there is one that aims to extinguish without bad smell by a method of lowering the temperature of the core housing cylinder while burning the unburned gas so as not to extinguish rapidly during normal fire extinguishing, and extending the fire extinguishing time.
[0005]
That is, in order for the core to move up and down in the core housing cylinder, the state where the soft core and the core housing cylinder are in contact with each other is maintained, and in this state, the core housing cylinder cannot be sealed by the core and the gap through which air can flow is maintained. Even if the lead is lowered to a position higher than the vent and the lead closes the vent, a small amount of air is drawn from the vent through the slight gap between the lead and the lead-receiving cylinder. Near the top of For this reason, when the amount of air from the air circulation hole through the air chamber to the vent is balanced with the oil gas that evaporates from the core during normal fire extinguishing, the fire extinguishes while continuing to burn with a small flame. Fire extinguishing with less occurrence of fire
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in order to extinguish rapidly in an emergency, it is necessary to make air uniformly flow into the core housing cylinder and to reduce the oil gas concentration in the core housing cylinder in a short time to make the tip of the core nonflammable. When the fire is used in small combustion with the core lowered, the core housing tube is likely to become hot.If the fire is extinguished in this state, the core housing tube is hot and the vaporization of kerosene is promoted. Since the amount of petroleum gas to be increased, the conventional inflow of air cannot be diluted to an incombustible state, and there is a risk that the fire can not be extinguished or the fire extinguishing time becomes long.
[0007]
For this reason, in order to ensure rapid fire extinguishing in an emergency, the opening area of the air circulation hole is widened so that the oil gas concentration in the core housing cylinder can be made non-combustible in a short time, and from the air vent through the air chamber A method of increasing the amount of air flowing into the core housing cylinder is conceivable. However, if the amount of air passing through the air circulation hole increases, air with a high flow velocity blows during combustion against the draft of the combustion section. This method cannot be carried out because the amount may be abnormally increased and the combustion state may be deteriorated.
[0008]
On the other hand, when the amount of oil gas that evaporates from the core increases, the oil gas that evaporates from the core tends to diffuse into the air chamber, increasing the probability of deflagration in the air chamber. It is better to have less air entering the air chamber, and it is possible to enhance the establishment of fire extinguishing by installing an on-off valve in the air circulation hole and closing the on-off valve during fire extinguishing.
[0009]
However, if the air circulation hole is closed by the open / close valve, the air flow from the air circulation hole to the air chamber is blocked and the air flow deteriorates. There was almost no air inflow from the mouth, and there was a case where the inside of the lead tube was short of air, and combustion could not be continued and the fire was extinguished immediately.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention attaches the core 4 to the gap between the core housing cylinder 3 formed by the core inner cylinder 1 and the core outer cylinder 2 so as to be movable up and down, and the outside of the core housing cylinder 3. The air chamber 5 provided adjacent to the air chamber 5 and a lead lifting device 6 accommodated in the air chamber 5 are provided. The lead 4 is moved up and down by the lead lifting device 6 and more urgent than the normal fire extinguishing position. The fire extinguishing core lowering position is set low, and the air chamber 5 is provided with an air flow hole 7 for communicating the air chamber 5 with the outside air, and is lower than the normal fire extinguishing core lowering position, and the emergency fire extinguishing core lowering position. In the oil combustor in which a vent hole 8 is provided at a position higher than the position so as to communicate the gap between the core housing cylinder 3 and the air chamber 5 and the vent hole 8 is opened by the core 4 lowered in the event of emergency fire extinguishing. A plurality of locations are arranged around the entire circumference of the core accommodating cylinder 3, and the core outer cylinder 2 has a core lowering for normal fire extinguishing. The air hole 9 communicating with the outside air is provided in the wall of the core housing cylinder 3 above the air chamber 5 at a position lower than the vent and higher than the vent hole 8, and the air hole 9 is provided between the vent holes 8. The ventilation holes 8 and the air holes 9 are alternately arranged.
[0011]
Further, since the vent 8 is formed by arranging a plurality of slit-like openings, and the air hole 9 is formed by arranging a plurality of small holes 9a in a portion where the vent 8 is not provided, the vent 8 and the air hole 9 are urgent. While maintaining the opening area required for fire extinguishing, the temperature of the core accommodating cylinder 3 can be kept low because the air passing through the air holes 9 increases during normal combustion.
[0012]
In addition, an on-off valve 10 that opens and closes the air circulation hole 7 in conjunction with the vertical movement of the core 4 is provided. The air circulation hole 7 is opened by the on-off valve 10 at the time of combustion, and is closed from the air circulation hole 7 at the time of fire extinguishing. Even if there is no air inflow, the air hole 9 can secure the amount of air necessary for normal fire extinguishing.
[0013]
[Action]
In the present invention, the air hole 9 communicating with the outside air is provided in the wall of the core housing cylinder 3 above the air chamber 5 at a position higher than the vent hole 8 so that air flows in on average from the entire circumference of the core housing cylinder 3. The air hole 9 is arranged in a portion where the vent hole 8 is not provided, and the core lowering position at the time of normal fire extinguishing is set at a position higher than the air hole 9 and is closed at the time of normal fire extinguishing. Moreover, the core lowering position at the time of emergency fire extinguishing is set to a position lower than the air vent 8 and the air hole 9 and is configured to open at the time of emergency fire extinguishing.
[0014]
During normal combustion, it is inevitable that air gradually flows from the vent 8 and the air hole 9 due to the draft of the combustion part, and this air amount flows from the air hole 9 closer to the upper end of the core 4 than the vent 8. The amount of air to be increased. For this reason, even if the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 is likely to increase when the combustion amount is lowered, low temperature outside air can flow from the air holes 9 to keep the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 low, and combustion The change in the temperature of the lead tube 3 could be almost eliminated by the change in the amount.
[0015]
Also, during normal fire extinguishing, the amount of petroleum gas that vaporizes when the core 4 descends into the core housing cylinder 3 is reduced, and is optimal for continuing combustion from the vent 8 and the air hole 9 by the draft remaining in the combustion section. Since a large amount of air is sucked in, the core housing cylinder 3 gradually decreases in temperature while burning the unburned gas, and the flame becomes smaller and then spontaneously extinguishes.
[0016]
On the other hand, when the fire extinguishes, the lead 4 rapidly descends so that the inside of the lead receiving cylinder 3 becomes negative pressure, and air flows from both the slit-like vent 8 and the air hole 9 opened by the lowered lead 4. Since the petroleum gas quickly diffuses into the air chamber 5 from the slit-shaped vent 8, the oil gas concentration in the core housing cylinder 3 is diluted to an incombustible state and can be extinguished almost simultaneously with the core lowering.
[0017]
In addition, since the air hole 9 is composed of a plurality of small holes 9a, when air having a low flow velocity passes through the small holes 9a, the total cross-sectional area of the small holes 9a is large, so that a constant amount of air flows in. If air with a high flow velocity is blown during combustion in an oil combustor, the air supplied from the air hole 9 is blocked by the small-diameter small hole 9a, so that the supplied air is blocked. The amount does not change greatly and a stable combustion state can be maintained.
[0018]
On the other hand, in the case where the on-off valve 10 is provided in the air circulation hole 7 and closed at the time of fire extinguishing to aim for certainty of fire extinguishing, from the air hole 9 close to the upper end of the core 4 by the rising air flow in the core housing cylinder 3 at the time of normal fire extinguishing Since air flows in, it can be extinguished while continuing combustion.
[0019]
【Example】
The present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment of a core up-down type oil combustor shown in the figure. 1 is a core inner cylinder, 2 is a core outer cylinder, and 3 is a core housing cylinder composed of a core inner cylinder 1 and a core outer cylinder 2. Reference numeral 4 denotes a core attached to the gap of the core housing cylinder 3 so as to be movable up and down, and 11 is an oil tank positioned below the core housing cylinder 3. The fuel in the oil tank 11 is sucked up by the lower end of the core 4. Supplied above the core 4.
[0020]
6 is a core lifting device for performing the core lifting operation, 5 is an air chamber in which the core lifting device 6 adjacent to the outside of the core outer cylinder 2 is housed, and 7 is an air chamber 5 provided on the outer wall of the air chamber 5 and the outside air. An air circulation hole 8 for communicating with the core housing cylinder 3 and the air chamber 5 is formed in a slit-shaped vent hole, and a plurality of the vent holes 8 are arranged on the entire circumference of the core housing cylinder 3. is there.
[0021]
A combustion cylinder 12 is mounted above the core housing cylinder 3. When the upper end of the core 4 protrudes above the core housing cylinder 3 by the core lifting device 6 and the core 4 is ignited by an ignition device such as an ignition heater, The fuel in the oil tank 11 sucked under the wick 4 starts burning at the upper end of the wick 4, and the generated combustion flame and combustion gas are burned in the combustion cylinder 12 and above.
[0022]
A slight gap is formed in the gap between the core 4 and the core housing cylinder 3 so that the core 4 moves up and down in the core housing cylinder 3, so that during combustion, the combustion cylinder 12 draws from the air circulation hole 7. Air flows into the air chamber 5, and the air that has flowed into the air chamber 5 flows into the core housing cylinder 3 from the vent hole 8 through a slight gap between the core 4 and the core housing cylinder 3. Supply to the top.
[0023]
By the way, in recent oil combustors, in the event of an emergency such as an earthquake, it is necessary to operate the anti-seismic fire extinguishing device to quickly extinguish the fire. Therefore, it is preferable to have a fire extinguishing device that does not generate bad odor during normal fire extinguishing, which does not require rapid fire extinguishing.
[0024]
For this reason, the emergency fire extinguishing core lowering position is set lower than the normal fire extinguishing core lowering position, and the vent 8 is set lower than the normal fire extinguishing core lowering position and higher than the emergency fire extinguishing core lowering position. Yes.
[0025]
During normal fire extinguishing, a combustion flame is drawn into the gap of the core accommodating cylinder 3 to reduce the amount of oil gas vaporized from the core 4, but a small amount of air flows even though the vent hole 8 is blocked by the core 4. Then, the air amount is balanced with the amount of petroleum gas vaporized from the wick 4, and the temperature of the wick accommodating cylinder 3 is lowered while burning the unburned gas. Is possible.
[0026]
On the other hand, when the fire extinguishes, the core 4 that has fallen rapidly has a negative pressure in the core housing cylinder 3, and the air in the air chamber 5 flows into the core housing cylinder 3 from the vent 8 that is open. Since the petroleum gas vaporized in the core housing cylinder 3 diffuses into the air chamber 5, the oil gas concentration in the core housing cylinder 3 is diluted to an incombustible state and extinguishes almost simultaneously with the core lowering.
[0027]
However, in the structure of the conventional core housing cylinder 3, when the oil combustor is used in small combustion, the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 is increased, so that the vaporization of kerosene from the core 4 is promoted and the core 4 is lowered. Since the combustion continues in this state, the petroleum gas vaporized from the core 4 is difficult to be diluted, and the air is continuously supplied from the air chamber 5 into the core accommodating cylinder 3, so that there is a possibility that the fire cannot be extinguished.
[0028]
The present invention is intended to stabilize the combustion state during combustion and to improve the fire extinguishing performance during normal fire extinguishing. 9 is a wall of the core housing cylinder 3 above the air chamber 5 at a position higher than the vent hole 8. The air hole 9 is provided in a portion where the vent hole 8 is not provided, and the air hole 9 and the vent hole 8 are alternately arranged to enter the gap of the core housing cylinder 3. Air can flow in on average from the entire circumference.
[0029]
Therefore, during normal combustion, air gradually flows into the core housing cylinder 3 from the vent 8 and the air hole 9 by the draft of the combustion cylinder 12, but the draft of the combustion cylinder 11 affects the air hole 9. It is easy, and the amount of air flowing in is largely not changed by mainly flowing in air from the air holes 9, so that the combustion state is not deteriorated.
[0030]
Further, since the amount of air flowing in from the air hole 9 closer to the upper end of the core 4 than the vent hole 8 is increased, and low temperature outside air flows in from the air hole 9, the air hole is reduced even when the combustion amount is reduced. 9 can suppress the temperature rise of the core housing cylinder 3 by maintaining the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 at a low temperature, and the amount of petroleum gas vaporized during combustion can also be suppressed.
[0031]
Since the air hole 9 is set at a position lower than the core lowering position at the time of normal fire extinguishing, when the core 4 is lowered into the core housing cylinder 3 at the time of normal fire extinguishing, air is emitted from the vent hole 8 and the air hole 9. The core housing cylinder 3 gradually decreases in temperature while flowing in and burning unburned gas. When the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 decreases and the amount of vaporized gas decreases, the flame becomes smaller and the fire naturally extinguishes.
[0032]
On the other hand, when the core 4 is lowered during an emergency fire extinguishing, the vent 8 and the air hole 9 are opened, and air flows in from the entire circumference of the core housing cylinder 3, so that the oil gas concentration in the core housing cylinder 3 is incombustible. The fire extinguisher can be extinguished almost simultaneously with the lowering of the core, and stable rapid extinguishing performance can be obtained regardless of the combustion state.
[0033]
Further, if an air flow having a high flow velocity passes through the air holes 9 during combustion, the combustion state may be deteriorated, and it is necessary to add windproof means. In the embodiment of the present invention, 9a is a small hole constituting the air hole 9, and a plurality of the small holes 9a are formed side by side in the portion without the vent hole 8, so that the total cross-sectional area of the small holes 9a is required. It is comparable to the cross-sectional area of the air hole 9.
[0034]
For this reason, when air with a low flow velocity passes through the small hole 9a during combustion, the resistance is small and a constant amount of air can flow in, but the flow velocity is high as when the wind blows to the oil combustor. In air, since resistance is received by the small holes 9a, it is difficult to increase the amount of air in the core housing cylinder 3, so that the amount of supplied air does not change greatly, and a stable combustion state can be maintained.
[0035]
In the structure in which explosive combustion occurs in the air chamber 5 during an emergency fire extinguishing to quickly extinguish the fire, 10 is an on-off valve that opens and closes the air circulation hole 7 in conjunction with the vertical movement of the core 4. The flow hole 7 opens during combustion and closes during fire extinguishing.
[0036]
When the air circulation hole 7 is closed at the time of emergency fire extinguishing, the petroleum gas vaporized from the core 4 diffuses into the air chamber 5, and when the mixed gas of petroleum gas and air reaches a uniform predetermined value in the air chamber 5, the core 4. Explosive combustion is caused by the flame at the tip of the flame, and the flame at the tip of the core 4 is blown out by the suddenly generated combustion gas to quickly extinguish the fire.
[0037]
The above-mentioned fire extinguishing structure is not rapidly diluted to a mixing ratio that allows explosive combustion in the air chamber 5 because the amount of vaporized gas increases when the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 during small combustion is high. Although there is a risk that the fire will not be extinguished, in the present invention, the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 can be maintained at a low temperature by the air flowing in from the air holes 9, and even if the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 increases, The fire extinguishing performance is stable because the oil gas concentration is diluted by the inflowing air and becomes a mixed gas capable of explosive combustion.
[0038]
Further, when the air circulation hole 7 is closed during normal fire extinguishing, the air inflow into the air chamber 5 is blocked, the air flow becomes worse, and the draft of the combustion cylinder 12 is weak. Although it is difficult for air to flow in, there is a risk that the inside of the core housing cylinder 3 will run out of air and immediately extinguish and release unburned gas. However, in this invention, the oil flowing from the air hole 9 is vaporized from the core 4 Since it balances with the amount of gas, it can extinguish while burning unburned gas.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, since the air hole 9 communicating with the outside air is provided in the wall of the core housing cylinder 3 above the air chamber 5, the amount of air flowing into the core housing cylinder 3 by the draft of the combustion cylinder 12 is the vent 8. The air holes 9 closer to the upper end of the core 4 are more than the number of the air holes 9, and low temperature outside air flows from the air holes 9 to suppress the temperature rise of the core housing cylinder 3, and the oil combustor is used for small combustion. Since the core housing cylinder 3 maintains a low temperature, the oil gas concentration in the core housing cylinder 3 can be reduced to an incombustible state in a short time during an emergency fire extinguishing, and can be extinguished almost simultaneously with the core lowering.
[0040]
Further, since the air holes 9 are provided in a portion without the vent hole 9 that is opened in a slit shape, and the vent holes 8 and the air holes 9 are alternately arranged, the air holes 9 are averaged from the entire circumference into the gap of the core housing cylinder 3. As a result, air flowed in, and a stable fire extinguishing performance could be realized while maintaining the opening area necessary for emergency fire extinguishing.
[0041]
Furthermore, if the air hole 9 directly opened in the core outer cylinder 2 is configured by arranging a plurality of small holes 9a, the flow rate of air passing through the small holes 9a during combustion becomes slow, and wind blows to the oil combustor. In this case, the air flow having a high flow velocity is resisted by the small holes 9 a and the air that is about to flow into the core housing cylinder 3 is blocked, and the total cross-sectional area of the small holes 9 a is equal to the cross-sectional area of the air holes 9. Therefore, even if the flow rate is low, a constant amount of air can flow in, and the amount of supplied air does not change greatly, so that a stable combustion state can be maintained, and a structure in which the air hole 9 is provided in the core housing cylinder 3 can be realized.
[0042]
On the other hand, in the case of emergency fire extinguishing by closing the air circulation hole 7 by the on-off valve 10 at the time of fire extinguishing, even if air does not flow in from the vent 8 at the time of normal fire extinguishing, Since air can be supplied to the fire, stable fire extinguishing performance was obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an oil combustor showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part of an oil combustor showing an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Core inner cylinder 2 Core outer cylinder 3 Core accommodation cylinder 4 Core 5 Air chamber 6 Core raising / lowering device 7 Air flow hole 8 Vent 9 Air hole 9a Small hole 10 On-off valve

Claims

芯内筒１と芯外筒２とで構成する芯収容筒３の間隙に芯４を上下動自在に取付け、
かつ、芯収容筒３の外方に隣接して設けた空気室５と、該空気室５内に収納される芯上下装置６とを設け、
芯４は芯上下装置６によって上下動すると共に、通常消火の芯降下位置よりも緊急消火の芯降下位置を低く設定し、
かつ、前記空気室５には空気室５と外気とを連通する空気流通孔７を設けると共に、通常消火の芯降下位置よりも低く、緊急消火の芯降下位置よりも高い位置に芯収容筒３の間隙と空気室５とを連通する通気口８を設け、
緊急消火時に降下した芯４によって通気口８が開口する石油燃焼器において、
前記通気口８は芯収容筒３の全周に複数個所配置すると共に、前記芯外筒２には通常消火の芯降下位置よりも低く、通気口８よりも高い位置で空気室５の上方の芯収容筒３壁に外気と連通する空気孔９を設け、かつ、該空気孔９は通気口８の間に設けて通気口８と空気孔９とは交互に配置したことを特徴とする石油燃焼器の消火装置。A core 4 is attached to a gap between a core housing cylinder 3 constituted by the core inner cylinder 1 and the core outer cylinder 2 so as to be movable up and down.
And the air chamber 5 provided adjacent to the outside of the core housing cylinder 3 and the core lifting device 6 accommodated in the air chamber 5 are provided,
The wick 4 is moved up and down by the wick lifting device 6, and the emergency fire wick lowering position is set lower than the normal fire wick lowering position.
The air chamber 5 is provided with an air circulation hole 7 for communicating the air chamber 5 with the outside air, and the core housing cylinder 3 is located at a position lower than the normal fire extinguishing core lowering position and higher than the emergency fire extinguishing core lowering position. Provided with a vent 8 for communicating the gap between the air chamber 5 and the air chamber 5,
In an oil combustor in which a vent 8 is opened by a wick 4 lowered during an emergency fire extinguishing,
A plurality of the vent holes 8 are arranged on the entire circumference of the core accommodating cylinder 3, and the core outer cylinder 2 is located above the air chamber 5 at a position lower than the normal fire extinguishing core lowering position and higher than the vent hole 8. An air hole 9 communicating with the outside air is provided in the wall of the core housing cylinder 3, and the air hole 9 is provided between the vent holes 8, and the vent holes 8 and the air holes 9 are alternately arranged. Combustor fire extinguishing device.

前記通気口８はスリット状の開口を複数個並べて形成し、空気孔９は通気口８のない部分に複数個の小孔９ａを並べて形成したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の石油燃焼器の消火装置。2. The oil combustor according to claim 1, wherein the vent 8 is formed by arranging a plurality of slit-shaped openings, and the air hole 9 is formed by arranging a plurality of small holes 9 a in a portion where the vent 8 is not provided. Fire extinguishing equipment.

芯４の上下動と連動して空気流通孔７を開閉する開閉弁１０を設け、空気流通孔７は開閉弁１０によって燃焼時に開口し、消火時に閉止することを特徴とする請求項１記載の石油燃焼器の消火装置。2. An on-off valve 10 for opening and closing the air circulation hole 7 in conjunction with the vertical movement of the core 4 is provided, and the air circulation hole 7 is opened by the on-off valve 10 at the time of combustion and closed at the time of fire extinguishing. Oil fire extinguishing device.