JPS6110721A - Method for measuring volume, mass, liquid density or the like of body - Google Patents
Method for measuring volume, mass, liquid density or the like of bodyInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6110721A JPS6110721A JP13256884A JP13256884A JPS6110721A JP S6110721 A JPS6110721 A JP S6110721A JP 13256884 A JP13256884 A JP 13256884A JP 13256884 A JP13256884 A JP 13256884A JP S6110721 A JPS6110721 A JP S6110721A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mass
- measured
- liquid
- volume
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F17/00—Methods or apparatus for determining the capacity of containers or cavities, or the volume of solid bodies
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〈産業上の利用分野〉
本発明は、液体の浮力を利用することにより、理科実験
等において物体の体積や質量あるいは液体の密度等を計
測する測定方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a measuring method for measuring the volume or mass of an object, the density of a liquid, etc. in a science experiment or the like by utilizing the buoyancy of a liquid.
〈従来の技術〉
従来、理科で生徒や児童等が物体に働く力の大きさや方
向について学習する場合、その力や大きさを教科書上で
定性的に認識する方法を採っていた。<Conventional Technology> In the past, when students and children learned about the magnitude and direction of forces acting on objects in science, they used a method of qualitatively recognizing the force and magnitude from textbooks.
〈発明が解決しようとする問題点〉
しかし、これでは物体の体積や質量あるいは液体密度等
を漠然と認識するに止まり、生徒や児童等に定量的に明
確に把握させることが困難である。<Problems to be solved by the invention> However, this only vaguely recognizes the volume and mass of an object or the density of a liquid, and it is difficult to make students or children clearly understand quantitatively.
この点、不定形で複雑な形状を有する物体の体積や質量
、あるいは視認が不可能な液体密度を認識させる場合特
に著しい。This point is particularly remarkable when recognizing the volume or mass of an object with an irregular and complex shape, or the density of a liquid that cannot be visually recognized.
本発明はかかる従来の問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、
物体を液体に沈めたときに生じる浮力の反作用を利用し
て物体の体積、質量等を生徒、児童等に定量的に明確に
把握させ得る理科実験装置としての物体の体積、質量ま
たは液体密度等の測定方法を提供することを目的とする
。The present invention was made in view of such conventional problems, and
Volume, mass, or liquid density of an object as a science experiment device that allows students, children, etc. to quantitatively and clearly understand the volume, mass, etc. of an object by utilizing the reaction of buoyancy that occurs when an object is submerged in liquid. The purpose is to provide a measurement method for
く問題点を解決するための手段〉
本発明ではこの目的を達成するために、まず第１には、
液体を収容する容器と、質量計とを用意し、この質量計
によって液体を収容した容器の質量を計測したのち、被
測定物を容器の液体内に沈めた状態で容器の質量を該質
量計によって計測することにより、被測定物の体積、質
量等を定量的に測定するようにし、第２には被測定液を
収容する容器と、所定の体積を有する計測用固形物と、
この計測用固形物を吊持する吊持具と、質量計とを用意
し、この質量計によって被測定液を収容した容器の質量
を計測したのち、吊持具により中吊りされた計測用固形
物を被測定液に沈めた状態で容器の質量を該質量計によ
って計測することにより、被測定液の液体密度を定量的
に測定するようにしている。Means for Solving the Problems In the present invention, in order to achieve this object, first of all,
Prepare a container containing liquid and a mass meter, measure the mass of the container containing liquid with this mass meter, and then measure the mass of the container with the object to be measured submerged in the liquid in the container. The volume, mass, etc. of the object to be measured are quantitatively measured by measuring the object, and secondly, a container containing the liquid to be measured, a solid object for measurement having a predetermined volume,
A suspension tool for suspending this solid object for measurement and a mass meter are prepared, and after the mass meter measures the mass of the container containing the liquid to be measured, the solid object for measurement is suspended by the suspension tool. The liquid density of the liquid to be measured is quantitatively measured by measuring the mass of the container with the object submerged in the liquid to be measured using the mass meter.
〈実施例〉
以下、本発明を図面に示す各実施例に基づき詳細に説明
する。なお、本発明は物体の体積、質量あるいは液体の
密度など諸種の測定に応用できるため、その代表的な実
施例ついて順次説明する。<Examples> Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on each example shown in the drawings. Note that since the present invention can be applied to various measurements such as the volume and mass of an object or the density of a liquid, typical examples thereof will be described in sequence.
第１図および第２図は、液体の浮力の反作用を原理的に
示す概略図である。第１図において、滑車１に掛けたベ
ルト２の両端に等質量の分銅３゜４をつるしておくと、
左右の分銅３，４は互いにつり合って等しい高さ位置で
停止している。いま、第２図に示すように所定量の水を
入れたビー力５を用意し、このビー力５内に一方の分銅
３を沈めると、該ビー力５内の水によって分銅３に浮力
が働き、両労組３，４の重さのバランスが崩れて、該一
方の分銅３が上昇する。本発明ではこの浮力の反作用を
利用して物体の体積測定、質量測定または液体密度測定
を行なうようにしている。FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams showing the principle of the reaction of the buoyant force of a liquid. In Figure 1, if weights 3°4 of equal mass are hung from both ends of belt 2 which is hung on pulley 1, then
The left and right weights 3 and 4 are balanced with each other and stopped at equal height positions. Now, as shown in Fig. 2, if a be-force 5 containing a predetermined amount of water is prepared and one of the weights 3 is submerged in this be-force 5, the weight 3 will be buoyant due to the water in the be-force 5. As a result, the balance between the weights of both labor unions 3 and 4 is disrupted, and the weight 3 of one of them rises. In the present invention, this buoyancy reaction is used to measure the volume, mass, or density of an object.
（実施例１）物体の重さの測定。(Example 1) Measurement of weight of object.
第３図ないし第５図は、本発明の第１の実施例を示す。3 to 5 show a first embodiment of the invention.
これらの図において、６は不定形の被測定物、？はこの
被測定物６を吊持する紐や糸などの吊持具、８はビー力
等の容器、９は質量計としての上皿天秤である。In these figures, 6 is an irregularly shaped object to be measured, ? numeral 8 denotes a hanging device such as a string or thread for suspending the object to be measured 6; numeral 8 denotes a container such as a bee force; numeral 9 denotes a top balance as a mass meter.
いま、第３図に示すように、上皿天秤９の一方の皿１０
上に所定量の水が収容された容器８を載せ、他方の皿１
１に所定の重さを有する台１２を載せたのち、比較的径
小のガラスパイプ等の管１３の一方の管端を容器８の水
の中に入れ、手指１４によって他方の管端を塞ぐことに
より容器８内の水量を調節して、天秤９の左右の皿の高
さをつり合わせる。次に第４図に示すように、スタンド
等（図示せず）に吊持具７を介してつり下げた被測定物
６を容器８内の水に完全に沈める。すると、被測定物６
が浸漬された容器８が水の浮力の反作用によって重くな
り、天秤９が傾く。更に、第５図に示すように、台１２
上に該天秤９がつり合うまで順次分銅を載せることによ
り、例えば１７１０グラムまで精確に測定を行なう。こ
のと艶、浮力＝被測定物６の排水量＝被測定物６の体積
＝浮力の反作用
という式が成立し、これによって浮力の反作用の大きさ
を求めることができる。したがって、被測定物６の質量
がＮグラムであれば、浮力の反作用の大きさはＮグラム
重となる。また、排水量がそのまま被測定物６の体積と
なる。Now, as shown in FIG.
A container 8 containing a predetermined amount of water is placed on top, and the other plate 1 is placed on top.
After placing a table 12 having a predetermined weight on 1, one end of a tube 13 such as a glass pipe with a relatively small diameter is placed in water in a container 8, and the other end is closed with a finger 14. By adjusting the amount of water in the container 8, the heights of the left and right pans of the balance 9 are balanced. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the object to be measured 6 suspended from a stand or the like (not shown) via the hanging tool 7 is completely submerged in the water in the container 8. Then, the object to be measured 6
The container 8 in which the water is immersed becomes heavier due to the reaction of the buoyant force of the water, and the balance 9 tilts. Furthermore, as shown in FIG.
By sequentially placing weights on the balance 9 until it is balanced, accurate measurements can be made up to, for example, 1710 grams. In this case, the following formula is established: buoyant force=displacement amount of the object to be measured 6=volume of the object to be measured 6=reaction of the buoyant force, and from this, the magnitude of the reaction of the buoyant force can be determined. Therefore, if the mass of the object 6 to be measured is N grams, the magnitude of the buoyancy reaction is N grams. Further, the amount of water discharged directly becomes the volume of the object 6 to be measured.
（実施例２）水に浮かぶ物体の質量測定第６図ないし第
８図は水に浮かぶ物体の質量測定の手順を示す。まず、
第６図に示すように、所定量の水が収容された容器８と
台１２とを天秤９上で前記実施例１の要領でつり合わせ
たのち、第７図に示すように、水より比重の小さい被測
定物６を容器８内の水に浮かべ、次いで、第８図に示す
ように、台１２上に分銅を載せて天秤９をつり合わせる
。この場合も、
被測定物６の重さ＝排水量＝浮力＝浮力の反作用
という式が成立し、前記実施例と同様に被測定物６の質
量が求められる。(Embodiment 2) Measurement of the mass of an object floating on water Figures 6 to 8 show the procedure for measuring the mass of an object floating on water. first,
As shown in FIG. 6, after the container 8 containing a predetermined amount of water and the stand 12 are balanced on a balance 9 in the same manner as in Example 1, as shown in FIG. A small object 6 to be measured is floated in water in a container 8, and then, as shown in FIG. 8, a weight is placed on a table 12 and a balance 9 is balanced. In this case as well, the following formula holds true: weight of the object 6 = displacement = buoyant force = reaction of the buoyant force, and the mass of the object 6 to be measured is determined in the same way as in the previous embodiment.
（実施例３）液体の密度測定。(Example 3) Liquid density measurement.
第９図ないし第１１図は食塩水等の溶液や水以外の液体
の密度測定の手順を示す。この場合、まず第９図に示す
ように、所定量の被測定液１５を収容した容器８と台１
２とを天秤９上で前記各実施例に示す要領でつり合わせ
たのち、第１０図に示すように、所定の体積を有する計
測用固形物１６を吊持具７によって吊り下げた状態で被
測定液１５に沈め、次いで第１１図に示すように、台１
２上に分銅を載せて天秤９をつり合わせる。この場合、
計測用固形物１６の排液量分の浮力と等しい反作用が生
じるため、台１２上に載置した分銅の重さを計測用固形
物１６の体積で割った値が被測定液１５の密度になる。9 to 11 show the procedure for measuring the density of solutions such as saline solutions and liquids other than water. In this case, first, as shown in FIG.
2 and 2 on the balance 9 in the manner shown in each of the above embodiments, and then, as shown in FIG. Submerge it in the measuring liquid 15, and then as shown in FIG.
Place a weight on 2 and balance the balance 9. in this case,
Since a reaction force equal to the buoyancy of the liquid discharged from the measuring solid object 16 occurs, the density of the measuring liquid 15 is calculated by dividing the weight of the weight placed on the table 12 by the volume of the measuring solid object 16. Become.
なお、上記各実施例では質量計として天秤を使用してい
るが、この天秤に替えてデジタル質量計を使用すると、
一層定量的に把握することがで外る。In each of the above embodiments, a balance is used as a mass meter, but if a digital mass meter is used instead of this balance,
The answer is to understand it more quantitatively.
以上のように本発明によれば、第１に、液体を収容する
容器と、質量計とを用意し、この質量計によって液体を
収容した容器の質量を計測したのち、被測定物を容器の
液体内に沈めた状態で容器の質量を該質量計によって計
測することにより、被測定物の体積、質量等を定量的に
測定するようにしたので、生徒や児童等に比較的容易に
被測定物の体積や質量を明瞭に把握させることができる
。As described above, according to the present invention, first, a container containing a liquid and a mass meter are prepared, and after the mass of the container containing the liquid is measured by the mass meter, the object to be measured is placed in the container. By measuring the mass of the container submerged in the liquid using the mass meter, the volume, mass, etc. of the object to be measured can be quantitatively measured, making it relatively easy for students and children to understand the object being measured. It is possible to clearly understand the volume and mass of objects.
また、数式で測定不可能な複雑な形状の物体の体積や、
水等の液体に浮かぶ物体の質量を求めることができる。In addition, the volume of objects with complex shapes that cannot be measured using mathematical formulas,
You can find the mass of an object floating in a liquid such as water.
また、第２に被測定液を収容する容器と、所定の体積を
有するとともに吊持具によって吊持された計測用固形物
と、質量計とを用意し、この質量計によって被測定液を
収容した容器の質量を計測したのち、吊持具により中吊
りされた計測用固形物を被測定液に沈めた状態で容器の
質量を該質量計によって計測することにより、被測定液
の液体密度を定量的に測定するようにしたので、生徒や
児童等に被測定液の液体密度を明瞭に把握させることが
できるうえ、液体密度のほか、大気より重い気体の密度
の測定も可能である。Second, a container for storing the liquid to be measured, a solid substance for measurement having a predetermined volume and suspended by a hanging tool, and a mass meter are prepared, and the liquid to be measured is contained by the mass meter. After measuring the mass of the container, the mass of the container is measured with the mass meter while the solid object for measurement suspended by the hanging tool is submerged in the liquid to be measured, thereby determining the liquid density of the liquid to be measured. Since the measurement is carried out quantitatively, it is possible for students and children to clearly understand the liquid density of the liquid to be measured, and in addition to liquid density, it is also possible to measure the density of gases heavier than the atmosphere.
更に、両発明とも物体の体積値、重さあるいは液体密度
のように目に見えない数値を定量的に把握させることが
できるので、例えば理科と数学との違いを明確に認識さ
せることがでトる。Furthermore, both inventions can help students quantitatively grasp invisible numerical values, such as the volume, weight, or density of a liquid, making it easier for students to clearly recognize the difference between science and mathematics, for example. Ru.
第１図および第２図は液体の浮力の反作用を原理的に示
す概略図、第３図ないし第５図はそれぞれ本発明の第１
の実施例を測定の手順に従って示す正面図、第６図ない
し第８図はそれぞれ本発明の第２の実施例を測定の手順
に従って示す正面図、第９図ないし第１１図はそれぞれ
本発明の第３の実施例を測定の手順に従って示す正面図
である。
６・・・被測定物、７・・・吊持具、８・・・容器、９
・・・質量計、１５・・・被測定液、１６・・・計測用
固形物。FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams showing the principle of the reaction of liquid buoyancy, and FIGS.
FIGS. 6 to 8 are front views showing the second embodiment of the present invention according to the measurement procedure, and FIGS. 9 to 11 are front views showing the second embodiment of the present invention according to the measurement procedure. FIG. 7 is a front view showing the third example according to the measurement procedure. 6... Object to be measured, 7... Hanging tool, 8... Container, 9
... mass meter, 15 ... liquid to be measured, 16 ... solid substance for measurement.
Claims (3)
質量計によって液体を収容した容器の質量を計測したの
ち、被測定物を容器の液体内に沈めた状態で容器の質量
を該質量計によって計測することにより、被測定物の体
積、質量等を定量的に測定するようにしたことを特徴と
する物体の体積、質量または液体密度等の測定方法。(1) Prepare a container containing liquid and a mass meter, measure the mass of the container containing liquid with this mass meter, and then measure the mass of the container with the object to be measured submerged in the liquid in the container. A method for measuring the volume, mass, or liquid density of an object, characterized in that the volume, mass, etc. of the object to be measured are quantitatively measured by measuring with the mass meter.
計測用固形物と、この計測用固形物を吊持する吊持具と
、質量計とを用意し、この質量計によって被測定液を収
容した容器の質量を計測したのち、吊持具により中吊り
された計測用固形物を被測定液に沈めた状態で容器の質
量を該質量計によって計測することにより、被測定液の
液体密度を定量的に測定するようにしたことを特徴とす
る物体の体積、質量または液体密度等の測定方法。(2) Prepare a container containing a liquid to be measured, a solid substance for measurement having a predetermined volume, a hanging tool for suspending this solid substance for measurement, and a mass meter, and use this mass meter to After measuring the mass of the container containing the liquid, the mass of the container is measured with the mass meter while the solid object for measurement suspended in the suspension is submerged in the liquid to be measured. A method for measuring the volume, mass, or density of a liquid, etc. of an object, characterized in that the density of the liquid is quantitatively measured.
１項または第２項記載の物体の体積、質量または液体密
度等の測定方法。(3) A method for measuring the volume, mass, liquid density, etc. of an object according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass meter is a digital mass meter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13256884A JPS6110721A (en) | 1984-06-26 | 1984-06-26 | Method for measuring volume, mass, liquid density or the like of body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13256884A JPS6110721A (en) | 1984-06-26 | 1984-06-26 | Method for measuring volume, mass, liquid density or the like of body |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6110721A true JPS6110721A (en) | 1986-01-18 |
Family
ID=15084346
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13256884A Pending JPS6110721A (en) | 1984-06-26 | 1984-06-26 | Method for measuring volume, mass, liquid density or the like of body |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6110721A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101936759A (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2011-01-05 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Integrated weight volume measuring device |
| CN102221388A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2011-10-19 | 山东省计量科学研究院 | Device for measuring volume of gram weights |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5821124A (en) * | 1981-07-29 | 1983-02-07 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | Measuring device for volume and specific gravity of rubber test piece or the like |
| JPS5856924B2 (en) * | 1976-06-10 | 1983-12-17 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Fluid spray type sheath disconnector |
-
1984
- 1984-06-26 JP JP13256884A patent/JPS6110721A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5856924B2 (en) * | 1976-06-10 | 1983-12-17 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Fluid spray type sheath disconnector |
| JPS5821124A (en) * | 1981-07-29 | 1983-02-07 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | Measuring device for volume and specific gravity of rubber test piece or the like |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101936759A (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2011-01-05 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Integrated weight volume measuring device |
| CN102221388A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2011-10-19 | 山东省计量科学研究院 | Device for measuring volume of gram weights |
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