JPS6091874A - Supersonic motor - Google Patents

Supersonic motor

Info

Publication number
JPS6091874A
JPS6091874A JP58197386A JP19738683A JPS6091874A JP S6091874 A JPS6091874 A JP S6091874A JP 58197386 A JP58197386 A JP 58197386A JP 19738683 A JP19738683 A JP 19738683A JP S6091874 A JPS6091874 A JP S6091874A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
medium
vibrator
wave
motor
sides
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP58197386A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takeo Yokoyama
横山 武男
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SWCC Corp
Original Assignee
Showa Electric Wire and Cable Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Showa Electric Wire and Cable Co filed Critical Showa Electric Wire and Cable Co
Priority to JP58197386A priority Critical patent/JPS6091874A/en
Publication of JPS6091874A publication Critical patent/JPS6091874A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/02Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
    • H02N2/08Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors using travelling waves, i.e. Rayleigh surface waves

Landscapes

  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a supersonic motor which increases its output by mounting vibrators at both sides of movable propagating medium by regulating the polarizing direction. CONSTITUTION:A piezoelectric vibrator 20, to which supersonic signal is applied by a supersonic signal source 23, an elastic wave propagating medium 21 for generating a deflecting vibration upon vibration by the vibrator, and a dynamic unit 22 driven by the wave of the medium are provided. The vibrator 20 has vibrators 20a, 20b and 20f, 20g at both sides of the medium 21. The deflecting directions of the vibrators 10a, 10b and 20f, 20g at both sides are set in the polarizing direction so as to become equal to each other. When the vibrator is constructed in this manner, the medium 21 is vibrated in a large vibration, and the large wave is propagated to the medium 21, thereby obtaining a motor having large drive output.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [発明の技術分野] 本発明は、超音波モータに関し、特に高出力を図った超
音波モータに係わる。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an ultrasonic motor, and particularly to an ultrasonic motor designed for high output.

[発明の技術的背景] 従来から、第1図(a)、(b)に示すような超音波モ
ータが知られている。この種モータは、圧電振動子20
と、波動伝播媒体21と、動体22とから構成されてい
る。圧電振動子20は強誘電体、例えばチタン酸バリウ
ムやチタン酸ジルコン酸釦から成り、高電圧を印加して
分極し、その分極方向に交番電圧を印加すると電歪によ
る振動を生じる。この振動子は、媒体21の一端に、そ
の長手方向に隣接配置された各振動子20a、、20b
から成る。媒体21は1弾性体であり、かつ電気導体で
ある。超音波信号源23をリード線23,24により振
動子20a、2 Q bに印加すると、例えば一方の振
動子20aは媒体の長手方向に伸長するように、他方の
振動子20bは圧縮するように、それぞれ分極方向が異
なって設定されているので、媒体21は第1図(c)に
示す如く加振さJしる。この波動は、いわば縦波と横波
との複合波とも称すべき撓み振動である。振動子20a
’−bの長手方向の寸法によって規定される波長λ中の
頂点Pは、第1図(d)に示すように短軸2u、長軸2
wの楕円軌跡または円軌跡(u=w)を描く。媒体21
が動体22と接触する頂点Pで、波動は方向26にV=
2πfuの速度で伝播する。
[Technical Background of the Invention] Conventionally, ultrasonic motors as shown in FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) have been known. This kind of motor has a piezoelectric vibrator 20
, a wave propagation medium 21 , and a moving body 22 . The piezoelectric vibrator 20 is made of a ferroelectric material, such as barium titanate or zirconate titanate button, and is polarized by applying a high voltage, and when an alternating voltage is applied in the direction of polarization, it generates vibration due to electrostriction. The vibrators 20a, 20b are arranged adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction at one end of the medium 21.
Consists of. The medium 21 is an elastic body and an electrical conductor. When the ultrasonic signal source 23 is applied to the transducers 20a and 2Qb through the lead wires 23 and 24, for example, one transducer 20a is extended in the longitudinal direction of the medium, and the other transducer 20b is compressed. , the polarization directions are set differently, so the medium 21 is vibrated as shown in FIG. 1(c). This wave motion is a flexural vibration that can be called a composite wave of a longitudinal wave and a transverse wave. Vibrator 20a
The apex P in the wavelength λ defined by the longitudinal dimension of '-b is the short axis 2u and the long axis 2 as shown in FIG.
Draw an elliptical locus or circular locus of w (u=w). medium 21
At the vertex P where is in contact with the moving body 22, the wave moves in the direction 26 with V=
It propagates at a speed of 2πfu.

この結果、動体22は媒体21との摩擦力で波動の進行
と逆方向27に速度Vで駆動され1表面波モータが構成
される。なお、振動子に印加する交番電圧の位相を変更
すると、撓み振動の波動は逆方向になるので、動体の進
行方向を変えることができる。この撓み振動は、媒体の
変位をW、媒体の長手方向の座標をX、時間を1とする
とその波動方程式は。
As a result, the moving body 22 is driven by the frictional force with the medium 21 at a speed V in a direction 27 opposite to the propagation of the waves, thereby forming one surface wave motor. Note that if the phase of the alternating voltage applied to the vibrator is changed, the waves of the bending vibration will be in the opposite direction, so the direction of movement of the moving object can be changed. For this bending vibration, if the displacement of the medium is W, the coordinate in the longitudinal direction of the medium is X, and the time is 1, the wave equation is as follows.

媒体の断面積、ρは密度、■は断面2次モーメントであ
る。
The cross-sectional area of the medium, ρ is the density, and ■ is the second moment of area.

上式の一般解を。A general solution to the above equation.

w(x 、 t) = W(x)(Asin ωt+B
cosc++t)とすると、波の伝播速度V、波長λは
、を駆動する接触点は1波長λについて一点である。
w(x, t) = W(x)(A sin ωt+B
cosc++t), the wave propagation velocity V and the wavelength λ are the contact points that drive the waves at one point per wavelength λ.

大きな駆動力を得るためには、定まった長さの中に数多
くの接触点が存在すればよい。従って波長λは短い方が
よい。上式から明らかなように、撓み振動では、媒体の
断面積Aや断面2次モーメン1− Iを変えることによ
り、波長λを短かくすることができる。
In order to obtain a large driving force, it is sufficient to have many contact points within a fixed length. Therefore, the shorter the wavelength λ, the better. As is clear from the above equation, in bending vibration, the wavelength λ can be shortened by changing the cross-sectional area A and the second moment of area 1-I of the medium.

第1図に示すモータはリニア型であり、媒体21の端で
弾性波が反射すると、進行波と反射波が重畳されて定在
波になって、波動は進行せず、動体は左右何れにも駆動
されない。このため、表面波リニアモータは媒体21の
他端に、振動子20と同様の構成の振動子20c (2
0d、20e)を設け、弾性波エネルギーを素子Rで吸
収する。
The motor shown in Fig. 1 is a linear type, and when an elastic wave is reflected at the edge of the medium 21, the traveling wave and the reflected wave are superimposed and become a standing wave, and the wave does not advance and the moving object moves to the left or right. is not driven either. Therefore, the surface wave linear motor has a vibrator 20c (2
0d, 20e), and the element R absorbs the elastic wave energy.

別法として、リング状に形成された回転型表面波モータ
のように媒体を無端形状にするとよい(特公昭57−2
193号、特開昭54−114202号、特開昭55−
125(152号、特開昭56−138469号、特開
昭57−78378号、特開昭58−93478号各公
報およびNIKKHI MECHANICAL 198
3 、2.28、第44ル49動焦点カメラで実用化へ
」)。
Alternatively, the medium may be made endless, such as in a ring-shaped rotary surface wave motor (Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-2
No. 193, JP-A-54-114202, JP-A-55-
125 (No. 152, JP-A-56-138469, JP-A-57-78378, JP-A-58-93478 and NIKKHI MECHANICAL 198
3, 2.28, No. 44, 49, ``Practical use of dynamic focus camera'').

而して、この種超音波モータは、従来の電磁力を利用し
たモータに比べて低速回転するので,減速機が不要で機
構が簡素化されるという利点がある反面、出力が比較的
小さいという難点がある。
This type of ultrasonic motor rotates at a lower speed than conventional motors that use electromagnetic force, so it has the advantage of not requiring a speed reducer and has a simpler mechanism, but on the other hand, its output is relatively small. There are some difficulties.

このため、前述のように、波長を短かくすることも考え
られるが、媒体の断面積や断面2次モーメントとの相関
により規定されるので、この手法には限界がある。
For this reason, as described above, it is possible to shorten the wavelength, but this method has a limit because it is defined by the correlation with the cross-sectional area of the medium and the second moment of area.

[発明の目的] 本発明は成上の従前の難点を解消するためになされたも
ので、振動子を波動媒体の両側に設置することにより、
高出力を図った超音波モータを提供せんとするものであ
る。
[Object of the Invention] The present invention has been made to solve the problems of Narijo's previous problems, and by installing the vibrator on both sides of the wave medium,
The present invention aims to provide an ultrasonic motor with high output.

[発明の好ましい実施例] 以下、本発明の好ましい実施例を図面に沿って詳述する
[Preferred Embodiments of the Invention] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

第3図において,リニア型超音波モータは、超音波信号
源23により超音波信号が印加される圧電振動子20と
、振動子によって加振されて撓み振動を発生する弾性波
動伝播媒体21と,媒体の波動により駆動される動体2
2とを備えている。
In FIG. 3, the linear ultrasonic motor includes a piezoelectric vibrator 20 to which an ultrasonic signal is applied by an ultrasonic signal source 23, and an elastic wave propagation medium 21 that is excited by the vibrator to generate bending vibrations. Moving object 2 driven by wave motion of medium
2.

振動子20は、媒体21を挟んで両側に20a、bおよ
び20f.、g’ として設けられている。これらの両
側の振動子20a−bおよび2Of−gは互いにその撓
み方向が同一(第4図にX−X.Y−Yとして示す)と
なるように分極方向が設定されている。即ち、第4図に
おいて、例えば、振動子2 0’ aと20gが媒体の
長手方向に圧縮されるときは、振動子20bと2Ofが
伸長されるように分極方向が設定されている。吸収用振
動子20c(20d e、20h−i)も加振用振動子
20と同様に構成されている。
The vibrator 20 has 20a, b, 20f. , g'. The polarization directions of the vibrators 20a-b and 2Of-g on both sides are set so that their deflection directions are the same (shown as X-X.Y-Y in FIG. 4). That is, in FIG. 4, for example, when the vibrators 20'a and 20g are compressed in the longitudinal direction of the medium, the polarization direction is set so that the vibrators 20b and 2Of are expanded. The absorption vibrator 20c (20de, 20h-i) is also configured in the same manner as the excitation vibrator 20.

このように振動子を構成することにより、従来の振動子
によって発生する撓み振動(第2図)に比べて、媒体2
1は大きなうねりで振動し、媒体21には大きな波動が
伝播する(第4図)。実験によれば,第1図に示すリニ
アモータに比べて本発明に従う第3図に示すリニアモー
タでは2倍の出力が得られた。
By configuring the vibrator in this way, compared to the bending vibration (Fig. 2) generated by a conventional vibrator, the
1 vibrates with large undulations, and large waves propagate in the medium 21 (Fig. 4). According to experiments, the output of the linear motor shown in FIG. 3 according to the present invention was twice that of the linear motor shown in FIG. 1.

以上の実施例では、振動子として圧電型トランスジュー
サを用いたが、磁歪型素子を使用することができ、何れ
の場合にも、リニア型モータのみならず1回転型モータ
にも等しく適用できるものである。
In the above embodiments, a piezoelectric transducer was used as the vibrator, but a magnetostrictive element can also be used, and in either case, it is equally applicable to not only linear motors but also single-rotation motors. be.

[発明の効果] 以上の実施例からも明らかなように、本発明によれば、
振動子を分極方向を整えて波動伝播媒体の両側に設置し
たから、波動のうねりが大きくなり、高い駆動出力のモ
ータが得られる。
[Effect of the invention] As is clear from the above examples, according to the present invention,
Since the oscillators are arranged on both sides of the wave propagation medium with their polarization directions adjusted, the wave undulations become larger and a motor with high drive output can be obtained.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図(a)、(b)はそれぞ九従来のリニア型超音波
モータの平面図、側面図、 第1図(C)、(d)は第1図(a)、(b)に示すモ
ータの波動伝播媒体における波動の説明図、第2図は第
1図(a)、(b)に示すモータにおける振動の説明図
。 第3図(a)、(b)は本発明によるモータの平面図、
側面図、 第4図は第3図に示すモータにおける振動の説明図であ
る。 20 (20a−b、 f−g) ”””・振動子21
 ・・・・・・・・波動伝播媒体 22 ・・・・・・・・動体 X ・・・・・・・・撓み方向 第1図 (a) (b) (C) (d) 第2図 第3図 (a) (b) 第4図 手続補正喘;(自発) 昭和59年2角′昆日 特許庁長官 若 杉 和 夫 殿 ■、事件の表示 特願昭58−197386号 2、発明の名称 超音波モータ 3、補正をする者 事件との関係 特許出願人 (225)昭和電線電纜株式会社 4、代理人〒103 東京都中央区日本橋本町3−9−5 5、補正の対象 6、補正の内容 (1)特許請求の範囲を別紙の通り補正する。 (2)明細書第3頁第16行の式 特許請求の範囲 超音波信号が印加される振動r−と、前記振動Pによっ
て加振される波動伝播媒体と、前記媒体の波動により駆
動さ4しる1liII体とを備え、前記振動子を前記媒
体を挟んで両側に設けると共に、両側に設けられた振動
f−は互いにその撓み方向が同一となるように分極方向
を設定したことを特徴とする超音波モータ。
Figures 1 (a) and (b) are a plan view and a side view of nine conventional linear ultrasonic motors, respectively. Figures 1 (C) and (d) are shown in Figures 1 (a) and (b). FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of vibrations in the motor shown in FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b). FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) are plan views of the motor according to the present invention;
A side view, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of vibration in the motor shown in FIG. 3. 20 (20a-b, f-g) """・Vibrator 21
...... Wave propagation medium 22 ...... Moving body X ...... Deflection direction Fig. 1 (a) (b) (C) (d) Fig. 2 Figure 3 (a) (b) Figure 4 procedural amendment; (spontaneous) 1980, 2nd year, Mr. Kazuo Wakasugi, Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office, Indication of Case Patent Application No. 197386 2, Invention Name of ultrasonic motor 3, Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant (225) Showa Cable and Wire Co., Ltd. 4, Agent 3-9-5 Nihonbashihonmachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103 5, Subject of amendment 6, Contents of amendment (1) The claims are amended as shown in the attached sheet. (2) Formula on page 3, line 16 of the specification Claims: A vibration r- to which an ultrasonic signal is applied, a wave propagation medium excited by the vibration P, and a wave propagation medium driven by the wave of the medium. The vibrator is provided on both sides with the medium interposed therebetween, and the polarization directions of the vibrations f- provided on both sides are set so that the directions of deflection are the same. ultrasonic motor.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 超音波信号が印加される振動子と、前記振動子によって
加振される波動伝播媒体と、前記媒体の波動により駆動
される動体とを備え、前記振動子を前記媒体を挟んで両
側に設けると共に1両側に設けられた振動子は互いにそ
の撓み方向が同一となるように分極方向を設定したこと
を特徴とする超音波リニアモータ。
A vibrator to which an ultrasonic signal is applied, a wave propagation medium excited by the vibrator, and a moving body driven by the wave of the medium, the vibrator being provided on both sides with the medium in between, and 1. An ultrasonic linear motor characterized in that the polarization directions of the vibrators provided on both sides are set so that their deflection directions are the same.
JP58197386A 1983-10-20 1983-10-20 Supersonic motor Pending JPS6091874A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58197386A JPS6091874A (en) 1983-10-20 1983-10-20 Supersonic motor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58197386A JPS6091874A (en) 1983-10-20 1983-10-20 Supersonic motor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6091874A true JPS6091874A (en) 1985-05-23

Family

ID=16373643

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP58197386A Pending JPS6091874A (en) 1983-10-20 1983-10-20 Supersonic motor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6091874A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62135278A (en) * 1985-12-04 1987-06-18 Taga Denki Kk Drive method of ultrasonic vibrator
JPS62135279A (en) * 1985-12-04 1987-06-18 Taga Denki Kk Ultrasonic motor
JPS62239875A (en) * 1986-04-09 1987-10-20 Taga Electric Co Ltd Drive control method for ultrasonic vibrator
US5006749A (en) * 1989-10-03 1991-04-09 Regents Of The University Of California Method and apparatus for using ultrasonic energy for moving microminiature elements

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62135278A (en) * 1985-12-04 1987-06-18 Taga Denki Kk Drive method of ultrasonic vibrator
JPS62135279A (en) * 1985-12-04 1987-06-18 Taga Denki Kk Ultrasonic motor
JPS62239875A (en) * 1986-04-09 1987-10-20 Taga Electric Co Ltd Drive control method for ultrasonic vibrator
US5006749A (en) * 1989-10-03 1991-04-09 Regents Of The University Of California Method and apparatus for using ultrasonic energy for moving microminiature elements

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