JPS607251B2 - electromagnetic shutter - Google Patents

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、カメラの電磁シャッターに係わり、とくに、
電磁シャッターの駆動方式に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an electromagnetic shutter for a camera, and particularly,
This invention relates to a drive method for an electromagnetic shutter.

シャッターの開閉に電磁制御方式を採用した、いわゆる
電磁シャッターは、従来から公知であるが、電磁コイル
や電磁石の素材、あるいは、駆動回路に格別の技術的工
夫が加えられてこなかったために、最高のシャッタース
ピードでも１／３現砂以下と遅く、かつ、シャッタース
ピードの繰返し安定性に欠け、しかも電磁コイルが大き
いものであったから、シャッター全体が大型化する等、
カメラに組込む上では、末だ幾多の問題が残されていて
、構造が簡単で、かつ、耐久性も高いにもかかわらず、
現在でも実用化されるに至っていない。斯かる問題点に
鑑みて、本発明の出願人が、発明の名称「電磁シャッタ
ー」（特願昭５０一１１８０９４号）等において、撮影
孔を開閉する一対のシャッター部材を、運動部材を介し
て全閉位置と全開位置とに連動させるようにし、一対の
シャツ夕−部材に夫々設けた電磁小片を一対の電磁コイ
ルで吸引して、シャッター部材を常に吸引力が最大の部
位で開閉作動させるようにし、開閉作動時の立上りを良
くして小型の電磁コイルであっても高速のシャッタース
ピードを可能とし、かつ、電磁小片に作用する吸引力の
強弱の相殺効果を利用してシャッタースピードの安定化
を計るようにして実用化を試みた電磁シャッターを提案
した。本発明は、上記のような電磁シャッターに最適な
駆動回路を提供しようとするもので、基本的には、一対
の電磁コイルに、シャッター全開方向へ夫々の電磁小片
を吸引するような開きパルスを同時に印加する一方、一
定の遅延時間ののちに、シャッター全閉方向へ夫々の電
磁小片を吸引するような閉じパルスを同時に印加する駆
動回路を設けて、一対の電磁コイルを同時に関及び閉励
磁するようにし、一対のシャッター部材の全開及び全閉
方向への作動の立上りを良くして、より安定した高速の
シャッタースピードを得ることが出来るようにしたもの
である。So-called electromagnetic shutters, which use an electromagnetic control method to open and close the shutter, have been known for a long time, but because no special technical innovations have been added to the electromagnetic coil, the material of the electromagnet, or the drive circuit, the best The shutter speed was slow at less than 1/3 of the actual sand, lacked stability in repeating shutter speeds, and the electromagnetic coil was large, so the entire shutter became large.
There are still many problems that remain when incorporating it into a camera, and despite its simple structure and high durability,
It has not yet been put into practical use. In view of such problems, the applicant of the present invention proposed an invention titled "Electromagnetic Shutter" (Japanese Patent Application No. 50-118094), etc., in which a pair of shutter members for opening and closing the photographing hole were moved through a moving member. The shutter member is linked to the fully closed position and the fully open position, and a pair of electromagnetic coils attract small electromagnetic pieces provided on each of the pair of shutter members, so that the shutter member is always opened and closed at the position where the attraction force is maximum. This makes it possible to achieve a high shutter speed even with a small electromagnetic coil by improving the start-up during opening and closing operations, and stabilizes the shutter speed by using the offset effect of the strength of the attraction force acting on the small electromagnetic piece. We proposed an electromagnetic shutter that we attempted to put into practical use by measuring the The present invention aims to provide an optimal drive circuit for the electromagnetic shutter as described above, and basically applies an opening pulse to a pair of electromagnetic coils to attract each electromagnetic piece in the direction of fully opening the shutter. At the same time, after a certain delay time, a drive circuit is provided that simultaneously applies a closing pulse that attracts each electromagnetic piece in the direction of fully closing the shutter, and simultaneously excites the pair of electromagnetic coils. This improves the start-up of the operation of the pair of shutter members in the fully open and fully close directions, thereby making it possible to obtain a more stable and high shutter speed.

以下、本発明を、いわゆるギロチン型式のシャッターを
例にとった実施例を示す添附図面に従って詳細に説明す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings showing an embodiment of a so-called guillotine type shutter.

第１図において、シャッター基板（図示せず）に穿設し
た撮影孔１（図中破線で示す）とほぼ同径の露出孔２及
び３を夫々有する帯板状の第１シャッター部村４及び第
２シャッター部材５は、面対面の関係で重ね合わされた
状態で、露出孔２及び３が撮影孔亀を開閉するべくシャ
ッター基板上を一方向に往復摺動自在に案内される。In FIG. 1, a first shutter portion 4 and a strip-shaped shutter portion 4 each have exposure holes 2 and 3 having approximately the same diameter as a photographing hole 1 (indicated by a broken line in the figure) formed in a shutter substrate (not shown), respectively. The second shutter member 5 is guided so as to be slidable back and forth in one direction on the shutter substrate so that the exposure holes 2 and 3 open and close the photographing hole turtle in a state where they are overlapped in a face-to-face relationship.

第１シャッター部村４は、常時は撮影孔１を閉じるべく
、露出孔２が撮影孔１の中心に対して僅かに左側へずれ
た位置にあるよう、全体が左方向に摺動された状態で、
左側支持腕６に、長手方向に設けた長溝７の右端が支軸
８に当て止められて定位している。The first shutter section 4 is in a state in which the entire first shutter section 4 is slid to the left so that the exposure hole 2 is positioned slightly to the left with respect to the center of the shooting hole 1 in order to normally close the shooting hole 1. in,
The right end of a long groove 7 provided in the longitudinal direction of the left side support arm 6 is abutted against a support shaft 8 and is positioned in the correct position.

第２シャッター部材５は、第１シャッター部材と同様、
常時は撮影孔１を閉じるべく、露出孔３が撮影孔１の中
心に対して僅かに右側へずれた位置にあるよう、全体が
右方向に摺動された状態で、左側支持腕９に、長手方向
に設けた良溝１０の左端が支軸８に当て止められて定位
している。The second shutter member 5, like the first shutter member,
In order to normally close the photographing hole 1, the entire body is slid to the right so that the exposure hole 3 is positioned slightly to the right with respect to the center of the photographing hole 1. The left end of the good groove 10 provided in the longitudinal direction is abutted against the support shaft 8 and is fixed in position.

上記第１シャッター部材４と第２シャッター部材５とは
、互いに逆方向に運動して階動するように、たすき掛け
部材１１により連係される。このたすき掛け部材１１は
、中央部を上記支軸８で揺動自在に鞄支され、下端側の
ピン１２は、第１シャッター部材４の左側支持腕６の下
側側縁で、支軸８に対して常時は左側に位置するように
設けた突出部１３の長溝１３ａに鉄合させると共に、上
端側のピン１４は、第２シャッター部材５の左側支持腕
９の上側側緑で、支軸８に対して常時は右側に位置する
ように設けた突出部１５の長溝１５ａに欧合させている
。したがって、例えば、第２シャッター部村５を左方向
へ摺動させると、該都材５の突出部１５を介して、たす
き掛け部材１１が反時計回り‘こ揺動されて、第１シャ
ッター部村４は、突出部１３を介して右方向へ摺動され
、第２図に示すように、夫々の露出孔２及び３は、撮影
孔１の中心に対して徐々もこ重なり合うようになって、
撮影孔１を開放する。The first shutter member 4 and the second shutter member 5 are linked by a cross-over member 11 so that they move in opposite directions. This cross-hanging member 11 is swingably supported at the center by the support shaft 8, and the pin 12 on the lower end side is connected to the lower side edge of the left support arm 6 of the first shutter member 4 by the support shaft 8. The pin 14 on the upper end side is connected to the upper green part of the left side support arm 9 of the second shutter member 5, and the pin 14 on the upper end side The protrusion 15 is normally located on the right side of the protrusion 15, and the long groove 15a of the protrusion 15 is aligned with the long groove 15a of the protrusion 15. Therefore, for example, when the second shutter portion 5 is slid to the left, the cross-hanging member 11 is swung counterclockwise via the protruding portion 15 of the cover material 5, and the first shutter portion The village 4 is slid to the right through the projection 13, and as shown in FIG. 2, the exposure holes 2 and 3 gradually overlap with each other with respect to the center of the photographing hole 1.
Open the photographing hole 1.

上記第１シャッター部材４の長手右方向に設けた右側支
持腕１６と、第２シャッター部材５の左側支持腕９は、
夫々、ほぼ同じ吸引特性を有する電磁コイル１７，１８
の中空部１７ａ，１８ａに遊鼓させている。The right side support arm 16 provided in the longitudinal right direction of the first shutter member 4 and the left side support arm 9 of the second shutter member 5 are as follows:
Electromagnetic coils 17 and 18 each having substantially the same attraction characteristics.
The hollow parts 17a and 18a of the drums are played.

第２シャッター部材５の左側支持腕９には、シャッター
全閉時（第１図参照）に電磁コイル１７の吸入側の位置
Ａに内側端面１９ａが一致し、シャッター全開時（第２
図参照）に電磁コイル１７の中央付近に位置する内側端
面１９ａがＮ極の電磁小片１９、及びシャッター全閉時
に電磁コイル１７の中央付近に位置し、シャッター全開
時に電磁コイル１７の出口側の位置Ｃに外側端面２０ａ
が一致する外側端面２０ａがＮ極の電磁小片２０が取り
付けられている。The left side support arm 9 of the second shutter member 5 has an inner end surface 19a that coincides with the suction side position A of the electromagnetic coil 17 when the shutter is fully closed (see FIG. 1), and when the shutter is fully open (see FIG. 1).
(see figure), the inner end surface 19a located near the center of the electromagnetic coil 17 is the N pole electromagnetic small piece 19, and the electromagnetic small piece 19 is located near the center of the electromagnetic coil 17 when the shutter is fully closed, and the position on the exit side of the electromagnetic coil 17 when the shutter is fully open. C has the outer end surface 20a
A small electromagnetic piece 20 is attached with the outer end surface 20a having the same N pole.

一方、第１シャッター部材４の右側支持腕１６には、シ
ャッター全閉時に電磁コイル１８の吸入側の位置Ｂに内
側端面２１ａが一致し、シャッター全開時に電磁コイル
１８の中央付近に位置する内側端面２１ａがＳ極の電磁
小片２１、及びシャッター全閉時に電磁コイル１８の中
央付近に位置し、シャッター全開時に電磁コイル１８の
出口側の位置Ｄに外側端面２２ａが一致する外側端面２
２ａがＳ極の電磁小片２２が取り付けられている。On the other hand, the right side support arm 16 of the first shutter member 4 has an inner end surface 21a that coincides with the suction side position B of the electromagnetic coil 18 when the shutter is fully closed, and an inner end surface that is located near the center of the electromagnetic coil 18 when the shutter is fully opened. 21a is a small electromagnetic piece 21 with the S pole, and an outer end surface 2 that is located near the center of the electromagnetic coil 18 when the shutter is fully closed, and whose outer end surface 22a coincides with position D on the exit side of the electromagnetic coil 18 when the shutter is fully open.
A small electromagnetic piece 22 with a south pole 2a is attached.

なお、電磁小片１９，２０，２１，２２の素材としては
、例えば磁力が強い希土類コバルトを採用すれば、電磁
コイルの小型化を助成することができる。ここで、電磁
コイル内に配された電磁小片に加わる力の原理について
説明すると、第３図ａ，ｂに示すように電磁コイル１７
内に電磁小片１９，２０を臨ませた時、電磁コイル１７
を左側がＳ極、右側がＮ極となるように励磁すると（第
３図ａ）、第４図ａに示すように、電磁コイル１７の位
置Ｃ及び位置Ａにおいて最大で、電磁コイル１７の中央
０に向かうに従って小さくなり、中央○でゼロとなる吸
引力が電磁小片１９，２川こ働く。Note that if the material of the electromagnetic pieces 19, 20, 21, and 22 is, for example, rare earth cobalt, which has a strong magnetic force, it is possible to help miniaturize the electromagnetic coil. Here, to explain the principle of the force applied to the electromagnetic pieces arranged inside the electromagnetic coil, as shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b, the electromagnetic coil 17
When the electromagnetic pieces 19 and 20 are faced inside, the electromagnetic coil 17
When excited so that the left side becomes the S pole and the right side becomes the N pole (Fig. 3a), as shown in Fig. 4a, there is a maximum at position C and position A of the electromagnetic coil 17, and the center of the electromagnetic coil 17 An attractive force that decreases toward zero and reaches zero at the center ○ acts on the small electromagnetic pieces 19 and 2.

従って、電磁小片１９に働く駆動力は最初は最大で次第
に小さくなり、電磁小片２川こ働く駆動力は最初は最小
で次第に大きくなるので電磁小片１９，２０に働く駆動
力の変化が相殺されて、二点鎖線で示すような一定の駆
動力となる。一方、電磁コイル１７を左側がＮ極、右側
がＳ極となるように励磁すると（第３図ｂ）、第４図ｂ
に示すように、電磁コイル３１の中央０においてゼロで
、中央から左右に行くに従って大きくなり、電磁コイル
１７の位置Ｃ及び位置Ａにおいて最大となる８Ｅ斤力が
電磁小片１９，２０１こ働く。従って、電磁小片１９に
働く駆動力は最初は最４・で次第に大きくなり、電磁４
・片２川こ働く駆動力は最初は最大で次第に小さくなる
ので、電磁小片１９，２０に働く駆動力の変化が相殺さ
れて、二点鎖線で示すような一定の駆動力となる。上記
の構成よりなる電磁シャッターを駆動する駆動回路は、
第５図に示すように、シャッターレリーズに連係してオ
ンするレリーズスィツチ４０によりセット入大Ｓａが印
加されてセットされるフリツプフロツプ回路４１ａ，４
１ｂのセット出力Ｑ（Ｅ、Ｆ）で第６図ａ及び第６図Ｍ
こ示すように、ＮＰＮトランジスタ４２ａ，４２ａをオ
ンして、一対の電磁コイル１７，１８に、同時に開きパ
ルスｄ，ｅを印加して夫々励磁し、各電磁小片１９〜２
２をシャッター全開方向へ吸引させるようにする一方、
上記しリーズスイツチ４０のオンで、ＣｄＳ露出メータ
４３と、接地したコンデンサー４８を介して一方機４４
ａに露光量の設定電圧ｂが、他方端に予じめ定められた
閥値電圧ｉが印加されて、露光量設定電圧ｂが閥値しベ
ル以上になったときに、該レベルから立上つた信号ｃを
出力する電圧比較器４４を備え、該電圧比較器４４の出
力信号は遅延回路４７ａ，４７Ｍこ印加すると共にリセ
ット入力Ｒとしてフリツプフロツプ回路４１ａに印加し
て、第１電磁コイル１７の開きパルスｄによる励磁を停
止すると同時にセット入力Ｓとしてフリップフロツプ回
路４１ｃに印加し「該回路４１ｃのセット出力Ｑ（Ｇ）
でＮＰＮトランジスタ４６ａ，４６ａをオンして、まず
第１電磁コイル１７の閉じパルスｆによる励磁を開始さ
せる。Therefore, the driving force acting on the electromagnetic piece 19 is maximum at first and gradually decreases, and the driving force acting on the two electromagnetic pieces is initially minimum and gradually increases, so that changes in the driving force acting on the electromagnetic pieces 19 and 20 are canceled out. , resulting in a constant driving force as shown by the two-dot chain line. On the other hand, when the electromagnetic coil 17 is excited so that the left side becomes the N pole and the right side becomes the S pole (Fig. 3 b), Fig. 4 b
As shown in FIG. 2, an 8E pushing force acts on the electromagnetic pieces 19, 201, which is zero at the center 0 of the electromagnetic coil 31, increases from the center to the left and right, and becomes maximum at positions C and A of the electromagnetic coil 17. Therefore, the driving force acting on the electromagnetic piece 19 is at most 4 mm at first, and gradually becomes larger.
- Since the driving force acting on the electromagnetic pieces 19 and 20 is maximum at first and gradually decreases, changes in the driving force acting on the electromagnetic pieces 19 and 20 are canceled out, resulting in a constant driving force as shown by the two-dot chain line. The drive circuit that drives the electromagnetic shutter with the above configuration is as follows:
As shown in FIG. 5, the flip-flop circuits 41a and 4 are set by applying the set input signal Sa by the release switch 40, which is turned on in conjunction with the shutter release.
Figure 6a and Figure 6M with set output Q (E, F) of 1b
As shown, the NPN transistors 42a and 42a are turned on, and opening pulses d and e are simultaneously applied to the pair of electromagnetic coils 17 and 18 to excite them, respectively, so that each of the electromagnetic pieces 19 to 2
2 in the direction of fully opening the shutter,
When the above-mentioned leak switch 40 is turned on, the CdS exposure meter 43 and one unit 44 are connected via the grounded capacitor 48.
When the exposure amount setting voltage b is applied to a and the predetermined threshold voltage i is applied to the other end, and the exposure amount setting voltage b reaches the threshold value or more, the voltage rises from that level. The output signal of the voltage comparator 44 is applied to the delay circuits 47a and 47M, and is also applied as a reset input R to the flip-flop circuit 41a to open the first electromagnetic coil 17. At the same time as the excitation by the pulse d is stopped, the set input S is applied to the flip-flop circuit 41c, and the set output Q(G) of the circuit 41c is
Then, the NPN transistors 46a, 46a are turned on, and the first electromagnetic coil 17 is first excited by the closing pulse f.

そして、上記遅延回路４７ａの遅延時間Ｔｄｌが経過し
たとき、該回路４７ａから出力する信号をリセツト入力
Ｒとしてフリツプフロツプ回路４１ｂ‘こ印加して、第
２電磁コイルの開きパルスｅによる励磁を停止すると同
時にセット入力Ｓとしてフリツプフロツプ回路４１ｄに
印加し、該回路４１ｄのセット出力Ｑ（Ｈ）でＮＰＮト
ランジスタ４６ａ，４６ａをオンして第２電磁コイル１
８の閉じパルスｇによる励磁を開始して、各電磁小片１
９〜２２をシャッター全閉方向へ吸引させるようにする
。When the delay time Tdl of the delay circuit 47a has elapsed, the signal output from the circuit 47a is applied as a reset input R to the flip-flop circuit 41b', and at the same time the excitation by the opening pulse e of the second electromagnetic coil is stopped. The set input S is applied to the flip-flop circuit 41d, and the set output Q (H) of the circuit 41d turns on the NPN transistors 46a, 46a, and the second electromagnetic coil 1
Start excitation with the closing pulse g of 8, and each electromagnetic piece 1
9 to 22 are drawn in the direction of fully closing the shutter.

な、遅延時間Ｔｄｌは、開き及び閉じパルスの重複量は
（第８図イ，口参照）となる。上記遅延回路４７ｂの遅
延時間Ｔｄ２が経過して、該回路４７ｂから出力する信
号はリセツト入力Ｒとしてフリップフロツプ回路４１ｃ
，４１ｄに印加し、一対の電磁コイル１７，１８の閉じ
パルスｆ，ｇによる励磁を停止し、シャツクーサイクル
を完了するようになる。この場合、Ｃ鷹露出メーター４
３の抵抗値が小さい被写体の明るい場合には、各電磁コ
イル１７，１８の閉じパルスｆ，ｇによる励磁開始まで
の時間Ｔｓは短くなり、第８図イ，口に示すように、各
電磁コイル１７，１８の開き及び閉じパルスｄ，ｅ，ｆ
，ｇがハッチッグ部において重複し、各電磁コイル１７
，１８による一対のシャッター部村４，５の往摺動途中
で、各電磁コイル１７，１８によりシャッター部材４，
５を復摺動させるように作用し、シャッター部村４，５
の往摺動にブレーキがかけられ、かつ、全開方向への慣
性が減少された状態で、第７図ｈで示す如く、ハッチン
グ部のほぼ中央をピークとした急激な立上り、立下りで
シャッターが高速開閉するものである。As for the delay time Tdl, the amount of overlap between the opening and closing pulses is as follows (see Figure 8, A). After the delay time Td2 of the delay circuit 47b has elapsed, the signal output from the circuit 47b is input to the flip-flop circuit 41c as a reset input R.
, 41d, the excitation of the pair of electromagnetic coils 17 and 18 by the closing pulses f and g is stopped, and the shirt cycle is completed. In this case, C hawk exposure meter 4
3, when the object is bright and the resistance value is small, the time Ts until the start of excitation by the closing pulses f and g of each electromagnetic coil 17 and 18 becomes short, as shown in Fig. 17, 18 opening and closing pulses d, e, f
, g overlap in the hatched part, and each electromagnetic coil 17
, 18 during the movement of the pair of shutter members 4, 5 back and forth, the electromagnetic coils 17, 18 cause the shutter members 4,
5 to slide back, and the shutter sections 4 and 5
When the brake is applied to the forward sliding movement and the inertia in the fully open direction is reduced, the shutter opens with sharp rises and falls with the peak approximately at the center of the hatched area, as shown in Figure 7h. It opens and closes at high speed.

また、ＣｄＳ露出メーター４３の抵抗値が大きい被写体
の暗い場合には、図示しないが出力信号は緩やかに立上
つて時情ｍｓが長くなり、各電磁コイル１７，１８の閉
じパルスｆ，ｇによる励磁開始までの時間Ｔｓが遅くな
ってシャッターが低速開閉するようになる。Furthermore, when the subject is dark and the resistance value of the CdS exposure meter 43 is large, the output signal rises slowly (not shown) and the time period ms becomes longer, and the electromagnetic coils 17 and 18 are excited by the closing pulses f and g. The time Ts until the start is delayed, and the shutter opens and closes at a low speed.

次に、本発明の実施例の動作について説明する。Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be explained.

今、この駆動回路を用いた上記電磁シャッターの作用を
説明すると、第１図に示したシャッター全閉時において
、シャッターレリーズに連係してレリーズスイツチ４０
をオンすると、フリツプフロツプ回路４１ａ，４１ｂの
セット出力Ｑ（Ｅ、Ｆ）でＮＰＮトランジスタ４２ａ，
４２ａがオンされて、電磁コイル１７を左端面１７ｃが
Ｓ極、右端面１７ｂがＮ極、電磁コイル１８を右端面１
８ｃがＮ極、左端面１８ｂがＳ極となるよう励磁すると
、前述したように、電磁小片１９には左方に最大の駆動
力が働き、電磁小片２０，２２には駆動力はほとんど働
かない。Now, to explain the operation of the electromagnetic shutter using this drive circuit, when the shutter is fully closed as shown in FIG.
When turned on, the set outputs Q (E, F) of the flip-flop circuits 41a and 41b turn on the NPN transistors 42a and 42a.
42a is turned on, the left end surface 17c of the electromagnetic coil 17 is the S pole, the right end surface 17b is the N pole, and the electromagnetic coil 18 is the right end surface 1.
When energized so that 8c becomes the N pole and the left end surface 18b becomes the S pole, as described above, the maximum driving force acts on the electromagnetic piece 19 to the left, and almost no driving force acts on the electromagnetic pieces 20 and 22. .

従って、第２シャッター部材５は左方向に、第１シャッ
ター部材４は右方向に同時に駆動され、たすき掛け部村
１１が反時計万向に揺動され、夫々のシャッター部材に
設けられた露出孔３，２は、撮影孔１の中心に対して徐
々に重なり合い、撮影孔１を高速で開放してゆく。この
時、電磁小片１９，２１に働く駆動力は次第に小さくな
るが、電磁小片２０，２２には次第に左方に大きな駆動
力が働くようになり、電磁小片１９，２０と２１，２２
に働く駆動力の変化が相殺されて、ほぼ一定して高級動
力により安定した高速シャッタースピードが得られる。
一方、シャッターしリーズによるレリーズスィッチ４０
のオンで、今、被写体が明るいとして抵抗値を小さく設
定されたＣｄＳ露出メーター４３から出力する急激に立
上つた露光量設定電圧ｂと、閥値電圧ｊとが印加される
電圧比較器４４からはト比較的早い時期に信号ｃが出力
して遅延回路４７ａ，４７ｂと、リセット入力Ｒとして
フリツプフロップ回路４１ａに印加し、第１電磁コイル
１７の開きパルスｄによる励磁を停止すると同時に、セ
ット入力Ｓとしてフリツプフロツプ回路４１ｃにも印加
され、セット出力Ｑ（Ｇ）でＮＰＮトランジスタ４６ａ
，４６ａをオンして第１電磁コイル１７の閉じパルスｆ
による励磁を開始する。上記遅延回路４７ａの遅延時間
Ｔｄｌ後の出力信号は、フリツプフロツプ回路４１ｂに
印加されて第２電磁コイル１８の開きパルスｅによる励
磁を停止すると同時にフリップフロップ回路４１ｄに印
加され、セット出力Ｑ（Ｈ）でＮＰＮトランジスタ４６
ａ，４６ａがオンされて電磁コイル１８の閉じパルスｇ
による励磁を開始する。Therefore, the second shutter member 5 is driven to the left and the first shutter member 4 is driven to the right at the same time, and the cross section 11 is swung counterclockwise to open the exposure hole provided in each shutter member. 3 and 2 gradually overlap with each other with respect to the center of the photographing hole 1, and the photographing hole 1 is opened at high speed. At this time, the driving force acting on the electromagnetic pieces 19, 21 gradually becomes smaller, but a larger driving force gradually comes to act on the electromagnetic pieces 20, 22 to the left, and the electromagnetic pieces 19, 20 and 21, 22
The changes in the driving force acting on the shutter are canceled out, and a stable high-speed shutter speed is obtained due to the almost constant high-grade power.
On the other hand, release switch 40 by shutter and release
is on, and the exposure amount setting voltage b, which has suddenly risen and is output from the CdS exposure meter 43 whose resistance value is set to a small value assuming that the subject is bright, and the threshold voltage j are applied from the voltage comparator 44. The signal c is output relatively early and applied to the delay circuits 47a, 47b and the flip-flop circuit 41a as a reset input R, and at the same time, the excitation by the opening pulse d of the first electromagnetic coil 17 is stopped, and the set input S is also applied to the flip-flop circuit 41c, and the set output Q(G) is applied to the NPN transistor 46a.
, 46a to close the first electromagnetic coil 17
Start excitation by The output signal after the delay time Tdl of the delay circuit 47a is applied to the flip-flop circuit 41b to stop the excitation of the second electromagnetic coil 18 by the opening pulse e, and simultaneously applied to the flip-flop circuit 41d to generate a set output Q(H). NPN transistor 46
a, 46a are turned on and the closing pulse g of the electromagnetic coil 18
Start excitation by

第１電磁コイル１７が左端面１７ｃがＮ極、右端面１７
ｂがＳ極、電磁コイル１８の右端面１８ｃがＳ極、左端
面１８ｂがＮ極となるように両電磁コイル１７，１８が
励磁されると、電磁小片１９，２０，２１，２２はシャ
ッター全閉方向に切れ上り良く吸引され初めるようにな
り、第８図イ，口に示すように、両電磁コイル１７，１
８の開き及び閉じパルスｅ，ｆ‘まハッチング部におい
て重複することとなり、シャッター部材４，５は往摺動
途中でブレーキがかけられ、全閉方向への慣性が減少さ
れた状態で強い励磁力によりシャッター全閉方向へ吸引
され、たすき掛け部村１１が時計回りに揺動されること
により、両シャッター部材４，５の夫々の露出孔２，３
は撮影孔１を閉止していく。そして、遅延回路４７ｂの
遅延時庵ｍｄ２が経過するとフリップフロップ回路４１
ｃ，４１ｄにリセット入力Ｒが印加され、両電磁コイル
１７，１８の閉じパルスによる励磁を停止し、一シャッ
ターサイクルを終了するものである。The first electromagnetic coil 17 has a left end surface 17c as an N pole and a right end surface 17
When both electromagnetic coils 17 and 18 are excited so that b becomes the S pole, the right end surface 18c of the electromagnetic coil 18 becomes the S pole, and the left end surface 18b becomes the N pole, the electromagnetic pieces 19, 20, 21, and 22 It starts to be drawn well in the closing direction, and both electromagnetic coils 17 and
8, the opening and closing pulses e and f' overlap in the hatched area, and the shutter members 4 and 5 are braked in the middle of forward sliding, and a strong excitation force is generated with the inertia in the fully closed direction reduced. The shutter members 4 and 5 are sucked in the direction of fully closing the shutter, and the cross-hanging portion 11 is swung clockwise, thereby opening the exposure holes 2 and 3 of both shutter members 4 and 5, respectively.
closes the photographing hole 1. Then, when the delay time md2 of the delay circuit 47b has elapsed, the flip-flop circuit 41
A reset input R is applied to terminals c and 41d, and the excitation of both electromagnetic coils 17 and 18 by the closing pulse is stopped, thereby completing one shutter cycle.

上記実施例では、両電磁コイル１７，１８に夫々開きパ
ルスｄ，ｅと閉じパルスｆ，ｇを同時に、かつ開きパル
スｄ，ｅに対して閉じパルスｆ，ｇの一部を重複させる
ように構成したが、第５図の回路において具体的に図示
しないが、Ｅ，Ｆ端子に抵抗素子を直列接続すると、抵
抗分だけ開きパルスｄ，ｅより多い電流量の閉じパルス
ｆ，ｇが印加されることになり、いわゆる切れ上りよく
シャッターを開閉作動させることができる。In the above embodiment, the opening pulses d, e and the closing pulses f, g are applied simultaneously to both electromagnetic coils 17, 18, respectively, and the closing pulses f, g are partially overlapped with respect to the opening pulses d, e. However, although not specifically shown in the circuit of FIG. 5, if a resistive element is connected in series to the E and F terminals, the closing pulses f and g having a larger current amount than the opening pulses d and e by the amount of resistance are applied. As a result, the shutter can be opened and closed with good sharpness.

なお、シャッター型式としては実施例のようなギロチン
シャッターに限られるものではなく、回動（揺動）型の
シャッターにも容易に適することができる。Note that the shutter type is not limited to the guillotine shutter as in the embodiment, but can also be easily adapted to a rotating (oscillating) type shutter.

以上の説明からも明らかなように、本発明は、一対のシ
ャッター部材に対応する一対の電磁コイルに、開きパル
ス及び閉じパルスを夫々同時に印加する駆動回路を設け
たものであるから、両電磁コイルの励磁力の相乗効果で
安定した、大きい開閉トルクを得ることができ、一対の
シャッター部材の全開、全閉方向の立上り、立下りが良
好となって「より安定した低、高速のシャッタースピー
ドを得ることができる。As is clear from the above description, the present invention is provided with a drive circuit that simultaneously applies an opening pulse and a closing pulse to a pair of electromagnetic coils corresponding to a pair of shutter members. A stable and large opening/closing torque can be obtained through the synergistic effect of the excitation force of Obtainable.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は、本発明に係る電磁シャッターの全閉時を示す
正面図、第２図は、第１図のシャッターの全開時を示す
正面図、第３図ａ，ｂは電磁コイルに臨む位置による電
磁小片の駆動力の変化の原理説明図、第４図ａ，ｂは、
第３図ａ，ｂにおける電磁小片の駆動力Ｐを縦軸に、移
動距離１を機軸にとった駆動力持性図、第５図は、本発
明に係る駆動回路の一実施例を示す回路図、第６図ａ及
び第６図ｂは、第５図の回路の電磁コイルを作動する回
路図、第７図は第５図の回路の信号波形図で、ａはセッ
ト入力、ｂは露光量設定電圧、ｃは信号、ｄは開きパル
ス、ｅは開きパルス、ｆは閉じパルス、ｇは閉じパルス
、ｈはシャッターの開閉タイミングを示す。 第８図は開き及び閉じパルスの説明図で、イは第１電磁
コイルの開き及び閉じパルス、口は第２電磁コイルの開
き及び閉じパルスを示す。４・・・・・・第１シャッタ
ー部材、５・・・・・・第２シャツ′夕−部材、１１・
・・・・・たすき掛け部材、１７・・・・・・弟１電磁
コイル、１８・・・・・・第２電磁コイル、１９，２０
，２１，２２・・・・・・電磁小片、ｄ・・・・・・第
１電磁コイルの開きパルス、ｅ・・・・・・第２電磁コ
イルの開きパルス、ｆ・・・…第１電磁コイルの閉じパ
ルス、ｇ…・・・第２電磁コイルの閉じパルス。 第１図 第２図 第３図 第４図 第６図 第５図 第７図 第８図Fig. 1 is a front view showing the electromagnetic shutter according to the present invention when it is fully closed, Fig. 2 is a front view showing the shutter of Fig. 1 when it is fully open, and Figs. 3 a and b are positions facing the electromagnetic coil. Figures 4a and 4b are explanatory diagrams of the principle of changes in the driving force of the electromagnetic piece by
Figures 3a and 3b are driving force characteristics diagrams with the driving force P of the electromagnetic piece taken as the vertical axis and the moving distance 1 as the axis, and Figure 5 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the drive circuit according to the present invention. , Figures 6a and 6b are circuit diagrams for operating the electromagnetic coil of the circuit in Figure 5, and Figure 7 is a signal waveform diagram of the circuit in Figure 5, where a is the set input and b is the exposure amount. The set voltage, c is a signal, d is an opening pulse, e is an opening pulse, f is a closing pulse, g is a closing pulse, and h is the opening/closing timing of the shutter. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the opening and closing pulses, where A indicates the opening and closing pulses of the first electromagnetic coil, and the opening and closing pulses of the second electromagnetic coil. 4...First shutter member, 5...Second shirt cover member, 11.
...Sash hanging member, 17... Younger brother 1 electromagnetic coil, 18... Second electromagnetic coil, 19, 20
, 21, 22... Electromagnetic small piece, d... Opening pulse of the first electromagnetic coil, e...... Opening pulse of the second electromagnetic coil, f...... First Closing pulse of the electromagnetic coil, g... Closing pulse of the second electromagnetic coil. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 6 Figure 5 Figure 7 Figure 8

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] １ 撮影孔を開閉する一対のシヤツター部材を、連動部
材により全閉位置と全開位置とに連動させるようにして
、一対のシヤツター部材に夫々設けた電磁小片を一対の
電磁コイルで夫々吸引して撮影孔を開閉するようにした
電磁シヤツターであつて、上記一対の電磁コイルに、シ
ヤツターレリーズに連係して、シヤツター全開方向へ夫
々の電磁小片を吸引するような開きパルスを同時に印加
する一方、一方の電磁コイルの開きパルスを停止すると
同時に閉じパルスを印加し、所定の遅延時間ののちに、
他方の電磁コイルの開きパルスを停止すると同時に閉じ
パルスを印加して、開きパルスに閉じパルスの一部を重
ね合わせるようにした駆動回路を備えたことを特徴とす
る電磁シヤツター。1 A pair of shutter members that open and close the photographing hole are linked to a fully closed position and a fully open position by an interlocking member, and a pair of electromagnetic coils attracts electromagnetic pieces provided on each of the pair of shutter members to take a photograph. The electromagnetic shutter is configured to open and close the hole, and simultaneously applies an opening pulse to the pair of electromagnetic coils in conjunction with the shutter release to attract each electromagnetic piece in the direction of fully opening the shutter. At the same time as the opening pulse of the electromagnetic coil is stopped, a closing pulse is applied, and after a predetermined delay time,
An electromagnetic shutter characterized by comprising a drive circuit that applies a closing pulse at the same time as stopping the opening pulse of the other electromagnetic coil, so that a part of the closing pulse is superimposed on the opening pulse.