JPS606415Y2 - Device for separating insoluble substances in coal liquefaction liquid - Google Patents

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 本考案は石炭液化生成液中の不溶性物質分離装置、特に
、石炭類を有機溶媒処理あるいは水添液化反応させて得
られる生成液から不溶性物質を重力沈降により分離する
装置に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention is an apparatus for separating insoluble substances in coal liquefaction product liquid, in particular, an apparatus for separating insoluble substances from the product liquid obtained by organic solvent treatment or hydrogenation liquefaction reaction of coal by gravity sedimentation. Regarding.

−搬に、石炭類を有機溶媒と共に混合してスラリー化し
、この原料スラリーを加熱して高温高圧下で水添液化反
応させた場合、石炭中に含まれている鉱物物質や水添反
応され難い物質が石炭液化生成液中に不溶性（固体）物
質として残り、しかも水添液化反応に触媒を添加した場
合にはこれも不溶性物質として残存する。- When coal is mixed with an organic solvent to form a slurry, and this raw material slurry is heated to undergo a hydrogenation and liquefaction reaction at high temperature and high pressure, the mineral substances contained in the coal and the hydrogenation reaction are difficult to react. The substance remains as an insoluble (solid) substance in the coal liquefaction product liquid, and if a catalyst is added to the hydrogenation liquefaction reaction, this also remains as an insoluble substance.

従来においては、これらの不溶性物質を除去する、いわ
ゆる脱灰手段として沈降分離、濾過あるいは遠心分離な
ど物理的方法が提案されているが、種々の問題があった
。Conventionally, physical methods such as sedimentation, filtration, and centrifugation have been proposed as so-called deashing means for removing these insoluble substances, but these methods have had various problems.

例えば沈降分離法においては、石炭液化生成液そのまま
では粘度が高すぎ沈降速度が遅いため、有機溶媒を多量
に加えて希釈したり昇温させて粘度を下げ沈降速度を速
めているが、その割に不溶性物質の分離効率は良くない
という問題があった。For example, in the sedimentation separation method, the viscosity of coal liquefaction product liquid as it is is too high and the sedimentation rate is slow, so a large amount of organic solvent is added to dilute it or the temperature is raised to lower the viscosity and speed up the sedimentation rate. However, there was a problem that the separation efficiency of insoluble substances was not good.

本考案は、このような問題を解決し、石炭液化生成液中
の不溶性物質を効率よく分離することができる重力沈降
を利用した分離装置を得ることを目的としてなされたも
ので、その要旨は、一端に石炭液化生成液導入口を、他
端に液体排出口をそれぞれ有し、底部または他端側下部
に不溶性物質排出口を有する沈降槽の内部に、該沈降槽
内を流動する液体の流動方向に平行に、かつ水平面に対
し４５°以上の傾斜角を持つ複数の傾斜板を設けてなる
重力沈降による石炭液化生成液中の不溶性物質分離装置
、にある。The present invention was made with the aim of solving these problems and obtaining a separation device using gravity sedimentation that can efficiently separate insoluble substances in coal liquefaction product liquid.The gist of the invention is as follows: A flow of liquid flowing inside the settling tank has a coal liquefaction product liquid inlet at one end, a liquid outlet at the other end, and an insoluble material outlet at the bottom or the lower part of the other end. There is provided an apparatus for separating insoluble substances in a coal liquefaction product liquid by gravity sedimentation, which is provided with a plurality of inclined plates parallel to the direction and having an inclination angle of 45° or more with respect to the horizontal plane.

好ましい実施態様としては、各傾斜板にその上側表面下
部と下側表面上部に相互に絶縁された金属面を設けて導
電性を付与し、隣接する傾斜板の下側表面上部金属面と
上側表面下部金属面との間に直流電圧を印加させるよう
にする。In a preferred embodiment, each inclined plate is provided with mutually insulated metal surfaces on its lower upper surface and upper lower surface to provide electrical conductivity; A DC voltage is applied between the lower metal surface and the lower metal surface.

以下、本考案の一実施例を示す添付の図面を参照して説
明する。Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図において、１は流動式沈降槽で、その一端の中央部に
石炭液化生成液導入口２を有し、他端の上部には不溶性
物質を除去された生成液を装置外へ排出する排出口３を
有している。In the figure, 1 is a fluidized settling tank, which has a coal liquefaction product liquid inlet 2 at the center of one end, and an outlet at the top of the other end for discharging the product liquid from which insoluble substances have been removed to the outside of the device. It has 3.

沈降槽１の底部４または他端側下部には生成液から分離
された不溶性物質を排出するための不溶性物質排出口５
が設けてあり、この底部は一端側から他端側へ下向きに
傾斜させるようにしてもよい。At the bottom 4 of the sedimentation tank 1 or at the lower part of the other end, there is an insoluble substance discharge port 5 for discharging insoluble substances separated from the product liquid.
is provided, and this bottom portion may be inclined downward from one end side to the other end side.

沈降槽１の内部には、その内部を流動する生成液の流動
方向に平行に、かつ水平面に対し４５度以上の傾斜角θ
を持たせて複数の傾斜板６が配設されている。Inside the sedimentation tank 1, there is an inclination angle θ of 45 degrees or more with respect to the horizontal plane, parallel to the flow direction of the product liquid flowing inside the sedimentation tank 1.
A plurality of inclined plates 6 are arranged so as to have the following values.

傾斜角を４５度以上にしたのは、それ未満では重力によ
り沈降した不溶性物質が傾斜板６に堆積し、液からの不
溶性物質の分離が困難となるからである。The reason why the inclination angle is set to 45 degrees or more is because if the angle is less than 45 degrees, insoluble substances that have settled due to gravity will accumulate on the inclined plate 6, making it difficult to separate the insoluble substances from the liquid.

また、液中に存在する固体は、通常、程度の差はあるが
ゼータ電位に起因する正または負の電荷を帯びているの
で、第３図に示すように、絶縁性材料で傾斜板本体６を
形威し、その下側表面上部に金属板または金属材料を化
学メッキしてなる金属層などの金属面６ａを設けると共
に、上側表面下部にも金属面６ｂを設け、隣接する傾斜
板の下側表面上部金属面６ａと上側表面下部金属面６ｂ
間に直流電圧を印加し、一枚の傾斜板の下側表面上部金
属面６ａを生成液中の不溶性物質の帯電極性と同極性に
帯電させ、それに隣接する傾斜板の上側表面下部金属面
６ｂを不溶性物質と同極性に帯電させ、不溶性物質と両
金属面間の電気的反発力および吸引力を利用することに
より沈降速度をさらに速くすることができる。In addition, since the solids present in the liquid usually have positive or negative charges caused by the zeta potential, although there are differences in degree, as shown in FIG. A metal surface 6a such as a metal plate or a metal layer formed by chemically plating a metal material is provided on the upper part of the lower surface, and a metal surface 6b is also provided on the lower part of the upper surface, and the lower part of the adjacent inclined plate is Side surface upper metal surface 6a and upper surface lower metal surface 6b
A DC voltage is applied between them to charge the upper metal surface 6a of the lower surface of one inclined plate to the same polarity as the charged polarity of the insoluble substance in the produced liquid, and the lower metal surface 6b of the upper surface of the adjacent inclined plate. The sedimentation rate can be further increased by charging the metal to the same polarity as the insoluble substance and utilizing the electrical repulsion and attraction between the insoluble substance and both metal surfaces.

上記装置において、石炭液化生成液を導入口２から導入
し排出口３の方へ線流で流動させると、液は傾斜板６に
対しては平行に、かつ不溶性（固体）物質の沈降路に対
しては直角になるように流動するので波線速度が沈降線
速度を減少させず、従って、分離効率を向上させること
ができる。In the above device, when the coal liquefaction product liquid is introduced from the inlet 2 and flows in a linear flow toward the outlet 3, the liquid flows parallel to the inclined plate 6 and in the sedimentation path of insoluble (solid) substances. Since the flow is perpendicular to the flow, the wavy linear velocity does not reduce the sedimentation linear velocity, and therefore the separation efficiency can be improved.

また、不溶性物質は傾斜板６まで沈降した後、傾斜板に
そって降下し、沈降槽下部に堆積するので、周期的に排
出口５を開閉して装置外へ排出される。Further, after the insoluble substances settle to the inclined plate 6, they descend along the inclined plate and are deposited at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, so that they are discharged from the apparatus by periodically opening and closing the discharge port 5.

なお上記実施例は本考案の一例を示すもので、本考案が
この実施例に限定されるものでないことは言うまでもな
い。It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiment shows an example of the present invention, and it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

実施例 豪州モーウェル褐炭とクレオソート油を重量比１：ＩＯ
の割合で混合し、常法により４３０°Ｃ１１５吃圧の条
件下で水添液化反応させて得た石炭液化生成液を２００
°Ｃ３吃圧で第１図の装置に通し、装置滞留時間が３紛
となるようにオーバーフローさせた後、排出口３から排
出された生成液中の固形物質を測定したところ、３（２
）であった。Example Australian Morwell lignite and creosote oil in a weight ratio of 1:IO
Coal liquefaction product liquid obtained by mixing at a ratio of
After passing through the device shown in Fig. 1 at a stasis pressure of 3°C and allowing it to overflow so that the residence time in the device becomes 3 particles, the solid substances in the product liquid discharged from the discharge port 3 were measured and found to be 3 (2
)Met.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本考案に係る不溶性物質分離装置の断面正面図
、第２図は第１図の■−■線における断面図、第３図は
第１図の装置の変形例を示す要部断面図である。 １・・・・・・沈降槽、２・・・・・・導入口、３・・
・・・・排出口、６・・・・・・傾斜板。Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional front view of an insoluble substance separation device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of main parts showing a modification of the device in Fig. 1. It is a diagram. 1...Sedimentation tank, 2...Inlet, 3...
...Discharge port, 6... Slanted plate.

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】 １一端に石炭液化生成液導入口を、他端に液体排出口を
それぞれ有し、底部または他端側下部に不溶性物質排出
口を有する沈降槽の内部に、該沈降槽内を流動する液体
の流動方向に平行に、かつ水平面に対し４５°以上の傾
斜角を持つ複数の傾斜板を設けてなる重力沈降による石
炭液化生成液中の不溶性物質分離装置。 ２ 各傾斜板がその上側表面下部と下側表面上部に相互
に絶縁された金属面を有し、隣接する傾斜板の下側表面
上部金属面と上側表面下部金属面との間に直流電圧を印
加する手段を備えてなる実用新案登録請求の範囲第１項
記載の装置。[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] 1. A coal liquefaction liquid inlet at one end, a liquid outlet at the other end, and an insoluble material outlet at the bottom or lower part of the other end. An apparatus for separating insoluble substances in a coal liquefaction product liquid by gravity sedimentation, which is provided with a plurality of inclined plates parallel to the flow direction of liquid flowing in a settling tank and having an inclination angle of 45 degrees or more with respect to the horizontal plane. 2. Each inclined plate has mutually insulated metal surfaces at the lower part of its upper surface and upper part of its lower surface, and a DC voltage is applied between the upper metal surface of the lower surface and the lower metal surface of the upper surface of adjacent inclined plates. The device according to claim 1, comprising means for applying voltage.