JPS6049513B2 - fire protection clothing - Google Patents
fire protection clothingInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6049513B2 JPS6049513B2 JP16340580A JP16340580A JPS6049513B2 JP S6049513 B2 JPS6049513 B2 JP S6049513B2 JP 16340580 A JP16340580 A JP 16340580A JP 16340580 A JP16340580 A JP 16340580A JP S6049513 B2 JPS6049513 B2 JP S6049513B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- heat resistance
- fire protection
- clothing
- breathability
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、火炎に近接する高温雰囲気内で作業する作業
者、例えば火災現場で消火作業を行なう消防士が着用す
る防火服に関し、特に通気性、防水性、耐熱性及び耐炎
性を具有した新規な防火服に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to fire protection clothing worn by workers who work in a high-temperature atmosphere close to flames, such as firefighters who extinguish fires at fire sites, and particularly relates to fire protection clothing that is breathable, waterproof, and heat resistant. The present invention also relates to a new flame-resistant fireproof clothing.
高温作業現場としては、火災消火活動、製鉄又は製鋼の
炉前作業及び金属溶接作業等があり、火炎及び高温雰囲
気内での長時間作業から、作業者の身体を保護する目的
で、それぞれ必要に応じた構造を有する布帛を用いた消
防防火服、炉前作業服及び熔接作業服等の防火服が使用
されている。Examples of high-temperature work sites include fire extinguishing activities, work in front of furnaces in iron and steel manufacturing, and metal welding work. Fire protection clothing such as fire protection clothing, furnace work clothing, welding work clothing, etc., using fabrics having a corresponding structure, is used.
従来使用されてきた防火服は、例えば難燃加工を施され
た綿布の表面に火炎源からの輻射熱を反射する目的から
、耐熱性を有す合成ゴム例えばハイパロンゴム中にアル
ミニウム粉末を混入させた混合物を塗布し、若しくはポ
リエステルフィルムとアルミニウム箔からなる複合フィ
ルムを張り合わせることによつて得られる布状構造物等
を所要される形状に縫製されたものが中心であつた。し
かし、このような布状構造物から縫製された防火服は重
くかつ柔軟性に欠けるため、作業性、着用性が悪く、し
かも通気性は皆無となり、また、使用するにしたがつて
表面のゴム等が屈曲、摩擦等によつて裂関してしまい、
防水性が消失するという欠点があつた。特に、高温現場
での作業においては、人体表面からの発熱及び発汗現象
が著るしく活発となるが、従来使用されてきた通気性を
有しない布状構造物を用いた防火服では人体表面からの
熱及び汗の外部雰囲気中への放出ができず、着用中、高
温高湿の不快感が生ずる上、長時間作業の場合には作業
者が脱水状態に陥り生命の危険を招く事例も生じていた
。Conventionally used fireproof clothing is made by mixing aluminum powder into heat-resistant synthetic rubber, such as Hypalon rubber, for the purpose of reflecting the radiant heat from the flame source on the surface of flame-retardant cotton cloth. Most of the materials were fabric-like structures obtained by applying a mixture or laminating a composite film made of a polyester film and an aluminum foil and sewing them into a desired shape. However, fire protection clothing sewn from such cloth-like structures is heavy and inflexible, making it difficult to work with and wear, and has no breathability. etc. may be torn due to bending, friction, etc.
The drawback was that the waterproofness was lost. In particular, when working in high-temperature workplaces, the phenomenon of heat generation and sweating from the surface of the human body increases significantly. Heat and sweat cannot be released into the external atmosphere, causing discomfort due to high temperature and high humidity while worn, and when working for long periods of time, workers may become dehydrated and endanger their lives. was.
本発明は、上述した従来の防火服の諸欠点を一挙に解消
すべく、発明されたものであつて、通気性、防水性及び
耐熱性を有する四弗化エチレンフ・イルムからなる内部
層と、該内部層の両面に設けられた耐熱性及び耐炎性を
有する布帛からなる表面層とよりなる布状構造物から防
火服を形成することによつて、通気性、防水性、耐熱性
及び耐炎性に優れかつ軽量で、作業性及び着用性にも優
れ・た防火服を提供することを目的とする。The present invention was invented in order to eliminate the various drawbacks of the conventional fire protection clothing mentioned above at once, and includes an inner layer made of ethylene tetrafluoride film having breathability, waterproofness, and heat resistance. By forming fireproof clothing from a fabric-like structure consisting of a surface layer made of a heat-resistant and flame-resistant fabric provided on both sides of the inner layer, breathability, waterproofness, heat resistance, and flame resistance can be achieved. The purpose of the present invention is to provide fireproof clothing that is lightweight, has excellent workability, and is easy to wear.
以下に添付図面とともに本発明の具体例を説明する。Specific examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第１図において、１は本発明の布状構造物で、内部層２
及び該内部層２の両面に設けられた内外の表面層３ａ及
び３ｂから構成されている。In FIG. 1, 1 is a fabric-like structure of the present invention, and an inner layer 2
and inner and outer surface layers 3a and 3b provided on both sides of the inner layer 2.
第２図には、該布状構造物１を用いて縫製した防火服Ｆ
の一例が示されている。内部層２は通気性、防水性及び
耐熱性を有する四弗化エチレンフィルムによつて構成さ
れる。FIG. 2 shows fire protection clothing F sewn using the cloth-like structure 1.
An example is shown. The inner layer 2 is made of a tetrafluoroethylene film that is breathable, waterproof, and heat resistant.
この四弗化エチレンフィルムとしては、商品名ゴアテツ
クス（登録商標）フィルム（米国、ダブリユー◆エル●
コア●アンド◆アソシエーツ●インコーポレイテツド製
）として市販されるものが好適に用いられる。ゴアテツ
クス（登録商標）フィルムは延伸されたポリテトラフロ
ロエチレン（ＰＴＥＦ）で、厚さ０。This tetrafluoroethylene film is available under the trade name Gore-Tex (registered trademark) film (USA, Double
Those commercially available as Core●and◆Associates●Incorporated) are preferably used. GORE-TEX® film is oriented polytetrafluoroethylene (PTEF) and has a zero thickness.
００１インチ、一平方インチ当り（６）億個の非常に微
少の孔を有し、孔の径は０。0.001 inch, it has (6) billion extremely small pores per square inch, and the diameter of the pores is 0.
２ミクロンの大きさであるから、水滴の２０，０００分
の１以下で、しかも水蒸気の分子の７００倍以上である
。Since it is 2 microns in size, it is less than 1/20,000 the size of a water droplet and more than 700 times the size of a water vapor molecule.
したがつて、ＰＴＥＦの撥水性と孔の大きさにより気体
は通すが、水は通さないという独特の性質、換言すれば
通気性（蒸気透過性）と防水性という一般に相反すると
思われている性質をともに具有するものである。なお、
四弗化エチレンフィルムの微小孔の形成には、機械的及
び化学的に行なう方法が知られているが、いずれの方法
によろうが上述したごとく通気性及び防水性を具有する
フィルムであれば採用できることは勿論である。ゴアテ
ツクス（登録商標）フィルムの通気性（蒸気透過性）は
１１，０００グラムｄ／２＠間であつて、激しい活動を
している場合、一般的に皮膚面積１擢当り、２，５００
グラムイ／２４時間程度の蒸気が出されるのを考慮すれ
ば、充分な通気性を有．するものといえる。また、ゴア
テツクス（登録商標）フィルムの防水性についていえば
、水浸入圧（ＷＥＰ）が４．５５ｋ９／Ｃｄであり、充
分な防水性を有するものといえる。さらにゴアテツクス
（登録商標）フィルムは融点３３０゜Ｃであり、充分な
耐熱性！を有しかつ耐薬品性にも優れることはいうまで
もない。一方、表面層３ａ，３ｂを構成する布帛は耐熱
性、耐炎性を有するものが必要であるが、好適な材料と
しては、２次転移点が２００′Ｃ以上好ましくは２５０
゜Ｃ以上て、かつ２５０℃熱風中に１，００峙間暴露し
た時の強度保持率が５０％以上好ましくは７０％以上の
全芳香族ポリアミド繊維を挙げることができる。Therefore, due to its water repellency and pore size, PTEF has the unique property of allowing gas to pass through but not water; in other words, it has breathability (vapor permeability) and waterproofness, properties that are generally considered to be contradictory. It has both. In addition,
Mechanical and chemical methods are known for forming micropores in tetrafluoroethylene films, but regardless of which method is used, as long as the film is breathable and waterproof as described above, Of course, it can be adopted. The breathability (vapor permeability) of GORE-TEX® film is between 11,000 grams d/2@, which is typically 2,500 grams per square inch of skin during strenuous activity.
Gramui/Considering that steam is emitted for about 24 hours, it has sufficient ventilation. It can be said that Regarding the waterproof property of Gore-Tex (registered trademark) film, the water entry pressure (WEP) is 4.55k9/Cd, and it can be said that it has sufficient waterproof property. Furthermore, Gore-Tex (registered trademark) film has a melting point of 330°C, making it highly heat resistant! Needless to say, it has excellent chemical resistance. On the other hand, the fabric constituting the surface layers 3a and 3b needs to be heat resistant and flame resistant, and a suitable material has a secondary transition point of 200'C or higher, preferably 250'C or higher.
Enumerated are wholly aromatic polyamide fibers having a strength retention of 50% or more, preferably 70% or more when exposed to hot air at 250°C for 1,000 hours.
この全芳香族ポリアミド繊維の具体例としては、商品名
ノーメックス（登録商標）（米国、デュポン社製）とし
て市販されているポリメタフェニレンイソフタルアミド
繊維がある。また、この耐熱性、耐炎性を有する布帛の
材料としては、２６０゜Ｃ熱風中で５凹時間暴露した時
の強度保持率が４０％以上、好ましくは６０％以上のフ
ェノールホルムアルデヒド繊、ポリクラール繊維を用い
ることができ、さらに難燃処理を施したポリビニルアル
コール繊維、ポリエステル繊維、アク）リル繊維、セル
ロース繊維又は綿布等の他、石綿、グラスファイバー、
炭素繊維等を用いることもできる。上記例示した繊維以
外でも耐熱性、耐炎性を有するものであれば、本発明思
想から逸脱しない限り使用可能なことはいうまでもない
。こ・の表面層３ａ，３ｂの厚さには特別の限定はない
が０．２〜１ＴＷＬ程度が好ましく、その目付は好まし
くは５０〜５００ｙ／イ程度である。なお、表面層３ａ
，３ｂは、織物地、編地等の布帛構造としてあるため通
気性に優れることは当然のことである。上述した表面層
３ａ，３ｂとしては内外層のいずれも同一素材としても
よく、また内外層をそれぞれ別異の素寺を用いて構成す
ることもできる。内側の表面層３ａは直接外部に露出し
ないため、耐熱性、耐炎性については外側の表面層３ｂ
程に考慮しなくとも充分使用可能である。該表面層３ａ
，３ｂを内部層２に貼り合わせる手段としては公知の耐
熱性接着剤例えば、フェノール系、ポリアミド系、ポリ
イミド系、エポキシ系接着剤等を用い、公知の方法によ
つて行なえばよい。A specific example of this wholly aromatic polyamide fiber is a polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber commercially available under the trade name Nomex (registered trademark) (manufactured by DuPont, USA). In addition, the material for the fabric having heat resistance and flame resistance is phenol formaldehyde fiber or polyclar fiber, which has a strength retention rate of 40% or more, preferably 60% or more when exposed to hot air at 260°C for 5 hours. In addition to flame-retardant treated polyvinyl alcohol fibers, polyester fibers, acrylic fibers, cellulose fibers or cotton fabrics, asbestos, glass fibers,
Carbon fiber or the like can also be used. It goes without saying that fibers other than those exemplified above can be used as long as they have heat resistance and flame resistance as long as they do not deviate from the idea of the present invention. There is no particular limitation on the thickness of the surface layers 3a, 3b, but it is preferably about 0.2 to 1 TWL, and the basis weight is preferably about 50 to 500 y/y. Note that the surface layer 3a
, 3b has a fabric structure such as a woven fabric or a knitted fabric, so it is a matter of course that it has excellent breathability. Both the inner and outer layers of the above-mentioned surface layers 3a and 3b may be made of the same material, or the inner and outer layers may be constructed using different materials. Since the inner surface layer 3a is not directly exposed to the outside, the outer surface layer 3b has better heat resistance and flame resistance.
It can be used without much consideration. The surface layer 3a
, 3b to the inner layer 2, a known heat-resistant adhesive such as a phenol-based, polyamide-based, polyimide-based, or epoxy-based adhesive may be used and a known method may be used.
ただし、内部層２の通気性が阻害されないように表面層
３ａ，３ｂを貼り合わせる必要があることは勿論である
。上記した構造の布状構造物を用いて防火服を縫製する
際、縫糸として、耐熱性、耐炎性に優れた繊維、例えば
ノーメックス（登録商標）糸を用いることが好ましい。However, it is of course necessary to bond the surface layers 3a and 3b together so that the air permeability of the inner layer 2 is not inhibited. When sewing fireproof clothing using the cloth-like structure having the above-described structure, it is preferable to use fibers with excellent heat resistance and flame resistance, such as Nomex (registered trademark) thread, as the sewing thread.
以上のごとく、本発明は、通気性、防水性、耐熱性を有
する四弗化エチレンフィルムからなる内部層と、該内部
層の両面に設けられた耐熱性及び耐炎性を有する布帛か
らなる表面層とよりなる布状構造物によつて形成された
防火服であるから、通気性、防水性、耐熱性及び耐炎性
に優れかつ軽量で、作業性及び着用性にも優れ、その上
着心地良好であるという著大な効果を奏するものである
。As described above, the present invention provides an inner layer made of a tetrafluoroethylene film having breathability, waterproofness, and heat resistance, and a surface layer made of a fabric having heat resistance and flame resistance provided on both sides of the inner layer. Fire protection clothing is made of a fabric-like structure, so it has excellent breathability, waterproofness, heat resistance, and flame resistance, is lightweight, has excellent workability and wearability, and is comfortable to wear. This has a significant effect.
以下に本発明の実施例をあげてさらに説明する。The present invention will be further explained below with reference to Examples.
実施例１
ノーメックス（登録商標）の２幡手隻糸紡績糸を用い、
経糸を５０本／吋、緯糸を４０本／吋に打込んだ綾織物
を２枚重ね、その中間にゴアテツクス（登録商標）フィ
ルムを張り合わせた布状構造物を作成した。Example 1 Using Nomex (registered trademark) two-hatte thread spun yarn,
A cloth-like structure was prepared by stacking two twill fabrics each having a warp thread count of 50 threads/inch and a weft thread thread count of 40 threads/inch, and pasting a Gore-Tex (registered trademark) film between them.
この布状構造物から試験片を採取して下記の試験を行な
つた。A test piece was taken from this fabric-like structure and the following tests were conducted.
（１）防水性
ＪＩＳＫ６３２８の５，３，９防水試験（１）水圧試験
に従つて防水試験を行なつた。(1) Waterproofing A waterproofing test was conducted in accordance with JIS K6328 5, 3, 9 waterproofing test (1) Water pressure test.
３ｋ９／Ｃ７ｌの水圧を加えて１分間放置たが、漏水そ
の他の異常はなかつた。I applied a water pressure of 3k9/C7l and left it for 1 minute, but there were no water leaks or other abnormalities.
（２）耐炎性
ＪＩＳＬｌＯ９ｌＡ−１法により燃焼性の試験を行なつ
た。(2) Flame resistance A flammability test was conducted using the JISLIO9lA-1 method.
試験片は着炎及び熔融せず、炭化面積２．６ｃＴ１．．
残じん時間０秒、残炎時間０秒であつた。（３）耐熱性
ＪＩＳＫ６３２８の５，３，２０耐熱試験において、温
度２００℃±２℃において１紛間放置した点を除いて、
同様の方法で耐熱試験を行なつた。The test piece did not catch fire or melt, and the carbonized area was 2.6 cT1. ．．
The residual dust time was 0 seconds and the afterflame time was 0 seconds. (3) Heat resistance In the JIS K6328 5, 3, 20 heat resistance test, except for the fact that it was left at a temperature of 200°C ± 2°C,
A heat resistance test was conducted in the same manner.
試験片の表面には異常はみられなかつた。なお、通気性
（蒸気透過性）については、表面層として通気性に優れ
る織物地を用いているため、内部層のゴアテツクス（登
録商標）フィルムの前述した通気性（蒸気透過性）がそ
のまま維持さていた。No abnormality was observed on the surface of the test piece. Regarding breathability (vapor permeability), since the surface layer uses a highly breathable fabric, the aforementioned breathability (vapor permeability) of the Gore-Tex (registered trademark) film of the inner layer is maintained. there was.
以上の結果から明らかなごとく、試験片は防水性、耐熱
性、耐炎性、通気性おいていずれも優秀な結果を示した
。As is clear from the above results, the test piece showed excellent results in terms of waterproofness, heat resistance, flame resistance, and air permeability.
この布状構造物を用いて防火服を縫製して着用したが、
軽量で、動き易く通気性があるため、着心地は極めて快
適であつた。Fireproof clothing was sewn and worn using this cloth-like structure, but
It was lightweight, easy to move in, and breathable, making it extremely comfortable to wear.
第１図は本発明の布状構造物の一例を示す拡大断面概略
図及び第２図は本発明の防火服の一例を示す正面図であ
る。
１・・・・・・布状構造物、２・・・・・・内部層、３
ａ，３ｂ・・・・表面層、Ｆ・・・・・・防火服。FIG. 1 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the cloth-like structure of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of the fireproof clothing of the present invention. 1...Fabric structure, 2...Inner layer, 3
a, 3b...surface layer, F...fire protection clothing.
Claims (1)
ィルムからなる内部層と、該内部層の両面に設けられた
耐熱性及び耐炎性を有する布帛からなる表面層とよりな
る布状構造物によつて形成された通気性、防水性、耐熱
性及び耐炎性を有す防火服。 ２ 前記表面層を構成する布帛を全芳香族ポリアミド繊
維布によつて構成した特許請求の範囲第１項記載の防火
服。[Scope of Claims] 1. An inner layer made of a tetrafluoroethylene film having breathability, waterproofness, and heat resistance, and a surface layer made of a fabric having heat resistance and flame resistance provided on both sides of the inner layer. Fire-retardant clothing that has breathability, waterproofness, heat resistance, and flame resistance, and is made of a fabric-like structure consisting of. 2. The fireproof clothing according to claim 1, wherein the fabric constituting the surface layer is a wholly aromatic polyamide fiber fabric.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16340580A JPS6049513B2 (en) | 1980-11-21 | 1980-11-21 | fire protection clothing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16340580A JPS6049513B2 (en) | 1980-11-21 | 1980-11-21 | fire protection clothing |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5789875A JPS5789875A (en) | 1982-06-04 |
| JPS6049513B2 true JPS6049513B2 (en) | 1985-11-02 |
Family
ID=15773263
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16340580A Expired JPS6049513B2 (en) | 1980-11-21 | 1980-11-21 | fire protection clothing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6049513B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4502153A (en) * | 1982-08-30 | 1985-03-05 | Lion Uniform, Inc. | Apparel liner |
| US9782947B2 (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2017-10-10 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Fire resistant laminates and articles made therefrom |
| DE202010005987U1 (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2010-07-08 | W. L. Gore & Associates Gmbh | Textile laminate with a barrier layer with elastic properties |
| EP3402355A4 (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2019-11-13 | Southern Mills, Inc. | Improved flame resistant thermal liners and garments made with same |
| WO2019164568A1 (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-29 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Coating compositions |
-
1980
- 1980-11-21 JP JP16340580A patent/JPS6049513B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5789875A (en) | 1982-06-04 |
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