JPS60459A - Developing method of electrostatic latent image - Google Patents
Developing method of electrostatic latent imageInfo
- Publication number
- JPS60459A JPS60459A JP58107771A JP10777183A JPS60459A JP S60459 A JPS60459 A JP S60459A JP 58107771 A JP58107771 A JP 58107771A JP 10777183 A JP10777183 A JP 10777183A JP S60459 A JPS60459 A JP S60459A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic toner
- toner
- latent image
- electrostatic latent
- developing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G13/00—Electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G13/06—Developing
- G03G13/08—Developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
- G03G13/09—Developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer using magnetic brush
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Magnetic Brush Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は静電荷像現像用の乾式現像方法に関するもので
ある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a dry developing method for developing electrostatic images.
一般に電子写真、静電記録、静電印刷などにおける静電
潜像の現像方法として磁気ブラシ法、カスケード法、パ
ウダークラウド法、ファーブラシ法、液体現像性等多数
の現像方法が知られている。In general, many developing methods such as a magnetic brush method, a cascade method, a powder cloud method, a fur brush method, and a liquid developable method are known as methods for developing electrostatic latent images in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing, and the like.
又、これら現像方法に対応して液体現像剤、二成分現像
剤、−成分現像剤が広く利用されている。Furthermore, liquid developers, two-component developers, and -component developers are widely used in correspondence with these developing methods.
さらに近年、磁性−成分現像剤は、取り扱いの容易さ、
現像装置の小型化、保守の容易さ、エツジ効果が少なく
、トナー飛散も少ないといった利点より、転写を必要と
しない静電記録紙への現像、酸化亜鉛感光紙を使用した
エレクトロファックス法などに利用される導電性磁性ト
ナーばかりてなく、現像トナー像を普通紙上に静電的に
転写するいわゆるＰＰＣ複写機にも使用される高抵抗磁
性トナーが開発されて来ている。Furthermore, in recent years, magnetic-component developers have become more popular due to their ease of handling and
Because of the advantages of smaller developing equipment, easier maintenance, less edge effect, and less toner scattering, it is used for developing on electrostatic recording paper that does not require transfer, electrofax method using zinc oxide photosensitive paper, etc. High-resistance magnetic toners have been developed that are used not only in conductive magnetic toners for use in conventional applications, but also in so-called PPC copying machines that electrostatically transfer developed toner images onto plain paper.
この場合、高抵抗磁性トナーは静電転写時の転写性は良
好だが、現像性が低下するという問題を有する。これに
対し、特開昭５５−１１２９８に開示されているように
摩擦帯電性を示す高抵抗磁性トナーが提案されている。In this case, although the high-resistance magnetic toner has good transferability during electrostatic transfer, it has a problem in that its developability deteriorates. In contrast, a high-resistance magnetic toner exhibiting triboelectric charging properties has been proposed as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-11298.
これは高抵抗磁性トナーと磁気ブラシ現像装置部材が接
触することにより、両者の帯電系列のちがいから摩擦帯
電し、良好な画質を得ようとの試みである。This is an attempt to obtain good image quality by frictionally charging the high-resistance magnetic toner and the magnetic brush developing device member due to the difference in their charging series when they come into contact with each other.
しかしながら、−成分磁性トナーの摩擦帯電の挙動は、
感光体の静電潜像の極性、現像スリーブの材質、回転数
等現像条件により微妙に影響され、トナーに適度な現像
機能を付与するのがむつかしい。要するに、現像スリー
ブ上でトナーにいかなる帯電能を付与するか、又、それ
に必要なトナーの材料構成をどうしたらよいかが全く解
明されていなかった。However, the triboelectric charging behavior of -component magnetic toner is
It is difficult to impart an appropriate developing function to the toner because it is subtly influenced by developing conditions such as the polarity of the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor, the material of the developing sleeve, and the number of revolutions. In short, it has not been completely elucidated what kind of charging ability should be imparted to the toner on the developing sleeve, and what should be done about the material composition of the toner necessary for this purpose.
従来−成分トナーの帯電を制御するには、含金属染料等
の電荷制御剤をトナーに配合したり、補助的にシリカを
その表面に付着させることが認められていたが、この場
合初期において適度な帯電性を有していても、連続コピ
ーにより現像スリーブやトナー同志の摩擦により電荷が
蓄積され、トナーのスリーブ付着や、流動性の低下をま
ねき問題を生ずる。従って、トナー表面の帯電性をある
程度のレベルに保ちつつ、電荷が過剰に蓄積することの
ないようリークさせることが必要である。Conventionally, in order to control the charge of component toners, it has been accepted that charge control agents such as metal-containing dyes are added to the toner, or that silica is attached to the surface of the toner as an adjunct. Even if the toner has good charging properties, continuous copying causes charges to accumulate due to friction between the developing sleeve and the toner, causing problems such as adhesion of the toner to the sleeve and a decrease in fluidity. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the chargeability of the toner surface at a certain level and to leak the charge so that it does not accumulate excessively.
この解決策として、カーボンをトナー表面に付着させる
ことが提案されているが、カーボンが導電性のためトナ
ーの帯電性が小さくなりすぎ画像濃度が出ない等、現像
性に大きな支障をきたすものであった。As a solution to this problem, it has been proposed to attach carbon to the toner surface, but since carbon is electrically conductive, the toner's chargeability becomes too low, causing major problems in developing performance, such as a lack of image density. there were.
本発明は上記の事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、帯電
電荷を有する複合磁性トナーにより静電潜像担持表面に
担持される静電潜像を現像する静電潜像現像方法におい
て、該複合磁性トナーが静電潜像の電位極性に対し逆極
性に帯電する電荷制御剤を含有する磁性トナー（Ａ）が
６５重量％以上と、該静電潜像の電位極性と同極性に帯
電する電荷制御剤を含有する磁性トナー（Ｂ）が３５重
量％以下とよりなり、現像スリーブ上での表面電位が絶
対値で５〜６０Ｖになるよう複合磁性トナーに帯電電荷
を保持させることを特徴とする静電潜像現像方法を提供
するものである。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides an electrostatic latent image developing method for developing an electrostatic latent image carried on an electrostatic latent image bearing surface by a composite magnetic toner having an electrical charge. The magnetic toner contains 65% by weight or more of a magnetic toner (A) containing a charge control agent that is charged to the opposite polarity to the potential polarity of the electrostatic latent image, and a charge that is charged to the same polarity as the potential polarity of the electrostatic latent image. The composite magnetic toner is characterized in that the magnetic toner (B) containing the control agent is 35% by weight or less, and the composite magnetic toner is made to retain an electrical charge so that the surface potential on the developing sleeve is 5 to 60 V in absolute value. A method for developing an electrostatic latent image is provided.
本発明の現像方法の概要は次のとおりである。The outline of the developing method of the present invention is as follows.
本発明の特徴は、極性の異なる帯電制御剤を所定量含有
する２種類のトナーからなる複合磁性トナーを使用して
、現像スリーブ上での表面電位を特定範囲内にコントロ
ールすることである。A feature of the present invention is that the surface potential on the developing sleeve is controlled within a specific range by using a composite magnetic toner consisting of two types of toner containing predetermined amounts of charge control agents with different polarities.
磁性トナー（Ａ＞は、感光体がセレン等の正荷電型の場
合は負荷電性の電荷制御剤を、又、感光体がＺｎＯ等の
負荷電型の場合は正荷電型の電荷制御剤を配合する。For the magnetic toner (A>, use a negatively charged charge control agent if the photoreceptor is a positively charged type such as selenium, or a positively charged charge control agent if the photoreceptor is a negatively charged type such as ZnO). Blend.
磁性トナー（Ａ）は、現像スリーブ内のマグネットロー
ルによりスリーブ上に保持され、スリーブ、マグネット
ロールの相互又は単独の回転によりスリーブ上を回転移
動する。この時、磁性トナー（Ａ）は主にスリーブとの
摩擦、さらには穂高調整のためのブレードとの摩擦によ
り静電潜像と逆極性に帯電する。同時に磁性トナー（Ａ
）とは逆極性に帯電する磁性トナー（Ｂ）もスリーブ上
を回転移動しスリーブ、ブレードとの摩擦により感光体
の静電潜像と同極性に帯電し、磁性トナー（Ａ＞と静電
的に強固に付着する。さらに又、磁性トナー（Ａ＞と磁
性トナー（Ｂ）はお互いにトナー同志で摩擦して適度な
電荷が保持される。この場合の磁性トナー（Ａ）と（Ｂ
）との混合比率は、本発明の実施に重要な要件であり、
全トナーΦに占める磁性トナー（Ａ）の混合化が６５重
量％以上でなくてはならない。The magnetic toner (A) is held on the sleeve by a magnet roll in the developing sleeve, and is rotated on the sleeve by mutual or independent rotation of the sleeve and the magnet roll. At this time, the magnetic toner (A) is charged to a polarity opposite to that of the electrostatic latent image mainly due to friction with the sleeve and further friction with the blade for adjusting the brush height. At the same time, magnetic toner (A
) The magnetic toner (B), which is charged with the opposite polarity, rotates on the sleeve and becomes charged with the same polarity as the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor due to friction with the sleeve and blade, and becomes electrostatically charged with the magnetic toner (A>). Furthermore, the magnetic toner (A) and the magnetic toner (B) rub against each other to maintain an appropriate charge. In this case, the magnetic toner (A) and the magnetic toner (B)
) is an important requirement for implementing the present invention,
The proportion of the magnetic toner (A) in the total toner Φ must be 65% by weight or more.
磁性トナー（Ａ＞が６５重量％以下であると、複合磁性
トナー表面に適度な帯電電荷が得られず静電潜像の現像
そのものが不可能になる。If the magnetic toner (A>) is less than 65% by weight, an appropriate charge cannot be obtained on the surface of the composite magnetic toner, making it impossible to develop an electrostatic latent image.
さらに本発明においては、−成分磁性トナーの実用特性
を大きく左右する現像スリーブ上のトナーの表面電位１
こ着目し、その測定を試みた。すなわち、複合磁性トナ
ーの表面電位は、磁性トナー（Ａ＞単独に比較して低い
レベルにコントロールされることを見い出した。そして
、本発明の目的であるトナーのスリーブ付着と流動性低
下を改善するには、スリーブ上での表面電位が絶対値で
５〜６０Ｖに保持する必要があることを見い出した。Furthermore, in the present invention, the surface potential 1 of the toner on the developing sleeve, which greatly influences the practical characteristics of the -component magnetic toner, is
We focused on this and attempted to measure it. That is, it has been found that the surface potential of the composite magnetic toner can be controlled to a lower level than that of the magnetic toner (A> alone).Then, it has been found that the surface potential of the composite magnetic toner can be controlled to a lower level than that of the magnetic toner (A> alone).Then, it has been found that the surface potential of the composite magnetic toner can be controlled to a lower level than that of the magnetic toner (A> alone. It has been found that the surface potential on the sleeve needs to be maintained at 5 to 60 V in absolute value.
この際の表面電位の測定方法は、８００ガウス、６００
ＲＰＭで回転するマグネットを内蔵するステンレス製の
直径３（１ｍ＋φの固定スリーブ上の表面に１１７０−
でトナー４００ｍｇをのせ１ｌｌｉｎ回転後の表面電位
を計測する。The method of measuring the surface potential at this time is 800 Gauss, 600 Gauss
Stainless steel diameter 3 (1m+φ) with built-in magnet rotating at RPM
400 mg of toner was placed on the plate and the surface potential was measured after rotating for 1 liter.
本発明で使用する電荷制御剤は、正荷電性としては塩基
性窒素を含むニグロシン染料や四級アンモニウム塩が、
又負荷電性としては各種の含金染料が存する。又、磁性
粉としてはマグネタイトのような酸化鉄、ニッケルー亜
鉛などのフェライト類、イツトリウム−鉄系などのガー
ネット類、ニッケル、鉄、コバルトなどの磁性金属およ
び合金、及びこれらの混合物が用いられる。バインダー
樹脂としては、圧ノ１定着および熱定着方式により各々
公知の樹脂が用いられる。この他トナーの構成物として
は、定着性、流動性を向上するための添加剤、カーボン
ブラック等の電気抵抗調整剤、顔料等を含んでもよい。The charge control agent used in the present invention is positively charged, such as nigrosine dye containing basic nitrogen or quaternary ammonium salt.
Furthermore, there are various metal-containing dyes that have negative charge. Further, as the magnetic powder, iron oxides such as magnetite, ferrites such as nickel-zinc, garnets such as yttrium-iron, magnetic metals and alloys such as nickel, iron, cobalt, and mixtures thereof are used. As the binder resin, known resins are used for pressure fixing and heat fixing. Other components of the toner may include additives for improving fixability and fluidity, electrical resistance regulators such as carbon black, pigments, and the like.
磁性トナーの作製方法としては、公知の粉砕法、スプレ
ードライ法などが利用できる。As a method for producing the magnetic toner, a known pulverization method, spray drying method, etc. can be used.
磁性トナー粒子としての物性は、磁性トナー（Ａ）、（
Ｂ）ともその粒度は５〜３０μ、好ましくはｌＯ〜２０
１１が好適である。又、電気抵抗は２０ＫＶ／ａｍの条
件で１０１２〜１０１６Ω・ｃｍが適当である。The physical properties of the magnetic toner particles are as follows: magnetic toner (A), (
B) The particle size of the tomo is 5-30μ, preferably lO-20
11 is preferred. Further, the appropriate electrical resistance is 1012 to 1016 Ω·cm under the condition of 20 KV/am.
このように本発明の現像方法によれば、複合磁性トナー
に適度な帯電電荷が保持されるので、現像性と転写性の
両立が可能で、二成分系トナーのようなシャープで高画
質な画像が得られ、しかも現像スリーブのトナー付着も
なく、流動性等実用特性のすぐれた現像をおこなうこと
ができる。As described above, according to the developing method of the present invention, the composite magnetic toner retains an appropriate electrical charge, so it is possible to achieve both developability and transferability, and produce sharp, high-quality images similar to two-component toner. Moreover, there is no toner adhesion to the developing sleeve, and development can be performed with excellent practical characteristics such as fluidity.
以下本発明を実施例により詳述する。The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to Examples.
実施例
上記組成分を溶融混練冷却後粉砕し、疎水性シリカ（日
本アエロジル社製Ｒ−９７２）を１％混合した粒子径を
３５μＩ以下に分級した負荷電性磁性トナー＜Ａ）を作
製した。Example The above components were melt-kneaded, cooled and pulverized to prepare a negatively charged magnetic toner <A) in which 1% of hydrophobic silica (R-972 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was mixed and classified to have a particle size of 35 μI or less.
上記組成分を溶融混練冷却後粉砕し、疎水性シリカ（日
本アエロジル社製Ｒ−９７２＞を１％混合し、粒子径を
３５ｕ以下に分級した正帯電性磁性トナー（Ｂ）を作製
した
次に上記磁性トナー（Ａ）１００重量部に対し、磁性ト
ナー（Ｂ）１０重量部を混合し、−成分複合磁性トナー
を作製した。このトナーをセレン感光体で熱ロール定着
方式のＰＰＣ電子複写機に適用した。この場合の現像方
法は、１０００ガウスであって１２０ＯＲＰＭで回転す
るマグネットを内蔵するステンレス製の現像スリーブを
使用した。The above components were melt-kneaded, cooled, pulverized, mixed with 1% hydrophobic silica (R-972 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), and a positively charged magnetic toner (B) was prepared by classifying the particle size to 35 μ or less. 10 parts by weight of magnetic toner (B) was mixed with 100 parts by weight of the magnetic toner (A) to prepare a -component composite magnetic toner.This toner was applied to a PPC electronic copying machine using a hot roll fixing method using a selenium photoreceptor. The developing method in this case used a stainless steel developing sleeve containing a built-in magnet that was 1000 Gauss and rotated at 120 ORPM.
現像スリーブは３０ＩＩＩＩＩＩφでマグネットとは逆
方向に３０ ＯＲＰＭで回転させ、磁気ブラシトナーの
表面電位が一４０Ｖｏｌｔになるよう調整した。この条
件で１００００枚の連続コピーをおこなったところ、画
像濃度１．６５以上でカブリのない常に鮮明な画質を得
ることができた。１００００枚コピー後もトナーのスリ
ーブ付着を生ずることがなく、流動性も良好であった。The developing sleeve was rotated at 30 ORPM in the opposite direction to the magnet, and the surface potential of the magnetic brush toner was adjusted to 140 Volt. When 10,000 sheets were continuously copied under these conditions, it was possible to always obtain clear image quality with an image density of 1.65 or higher and no fog. Even after copying 10,000 sheets, toner did not adhere to the sleeve and the fluidity was good.
特許出願人 株式会社巴川製紙所patent applicant Tomoekawa Paper Mill Co., Ltd.
Claims (1)
面に担持される静電潜像を現像する静電潜像現像方法に
おいて、該複合磁性トナーが静電潜像の電位極性に対し
逆極性に帯電する電荷制御剤を含有する磁性トナー（Ａ
＞が６５重量％以上と、該静電潜像の電位極性と同極性
に帯電する電荷制御剤を含有する磁性トナー（Ｂ）が３
５重量％以下とよりなり、現像スリーブ上での表面電位
が絶対値で５〜ＧＯＶになるよう複合磁性トナーに帯電
電荷を保持さぜることを特徴とする静電潜像現像方法。In an electrostatic latent image developing method for developing an electrostatic latent image carried on an electrostatic latent image bearing surface with a charged composite magnetic toner, the composite magnetic toner has a potential polarity opposite to that of the electrostatic latent image. Magnetic toner containing a charge control agent (A
>65% by weight or more, and the magnetic toner (B) contains a charge control agent that is charged to the same potential polarity as the potential polarity of the electrostatic latent image.
5% by weight or less, and a method for developing an electrostatic latent image, characterized in that the composite magnetic toner is charged with a charge so that the surface potential on the developing sleeve is 5 to GOV in absolute value.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58107771A JPS60459A (en) | 1983-06-17 | 1983-06-17 | Developing method of electrostatic latent image |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58107771A JPS60459A (en) | 1983-06-17 | 1983-06-17 | Developing method of electrostatic latent image |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60459A true JPS60459A (en) | 1985-01-05 |
Family
ID=14467592
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58107771A Pending JPS60459A (en) | 1983-06-17 | 1983-06-17 | Developing method of electrostatic latent image |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60459A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01164960A (en) * | 1987-12-21 | 1989-06-29 | Toshiba Corp | Developing method |
| JPH0279055A (en) * | 1988-09-14 | 1990-03-19 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Electrostatic charge image developing method |
| US6472351B1 (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 2002-10-29 | Barrier Biotech Limited | Herbicide |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5595954A (en) * | 1979-01-11 | 1980-07-21 | Mita Ind Co Ltd | Composite magnetic developer |
| JPS5710150A (en) * | 1980-06-20 | 1982-01-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Dry type developer |
| JPS5764252A (en) * | 1980-10-07 | 1982-04-19 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Charge type magnetic toner |
-
1983
- 1983-06-17 JP JP58107771A patent/JPS60459A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5595954A (en) * | 1979-01-11 | 1980-07-21 | Mita Ind Co Ltd | Composite magnetic developer |
| JPS5710150A (en) * | 1980-06-20 | 1982-01-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Dry type developer |
| JPS5764252A (en) * | 1980-10-07 | 1982-04-19 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Charge type magnetic toner |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01164960A (en) * | 1987-12-21 | 1989-06-29 | Toshiba Corp | Developing method |
| JPH0279055A (en) * | 1988-09-14 | 1990-03-19 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Electrostatic charge image developing method |
| US6472351B1 (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 2002-10-29 | Barrier Biotech Limited | Herbicide |
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