JPS60230499A - Construction of underground cylindrical structure - Google Patents

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （１）発明の目的 産業上の利用分野 この地中円筒状構造物は即ち地中に構築する管路、トン
ネル等であって、断面の中型以下のものは水路或いは共
同溝等に、断面の大型のものは歩道、車道等の通路に用
いられ、又前後を閉鎖することによって１朝事ある時の
避難室にも利用できる等その利用分野は広範囲にわたっ
ている。Detailed Description of the Invention (1) Purpose of the invention Industrial application field This underground cylindrical structure is a conduit, tunnel, etc. constructed underground, and those with a medium-sized or smaller cross section are waterways or Their applications are wide-ranging, such as common ditches, etc., those with large cross sections are used for walkways, roadways, etc., and by closing off the front and back, they can be used as evacuation rooms in the event of an emergency.

従来の技術 円筒状の構造物を地中にけん引、推進又はけん引推進し
て前進させて地中所定位置に構築する在来の方法として
は円筒状構造物そのま＼（従方向に分割しない状態）の
状態で地中に前進させる方法によっている。然しとの方
法では少し断面が大きくなると掘進抵抗が急増するため
大径断面のも　゛のには余り用いられていない。尚この
場合刃口部分の切羽の崩壊を防止するため特別の防護装
置を要し、又外周と地盤間の摩擦抵抗を減少させるた２
− め縁切装置等を設ける必要がある等も大きな理由となっ
ている。Conventional technology The conventional method of constructing a cylindrical structure in a predetermined position underground by towing, propelling, or towing it forward is to construct the cylindrical structure as it is (without being divided in the sub-direction). ) by advancing it underground. However, this method is not often used for large-diameter cross-sections because the excavation resistance increases rapidly when the cross-section becomes slightly larger. In this case, a special protective device is required to prevent the face at the cutting edge from collapsing, and also to reduce the frictional resistance between the outer periphery and the ground.
- The need to install a bevel cutting device, etc. is another major reason.

発明が解決しようとする問題点 前記従来の方法では既述のように構造物そのま＼の断面
形状で地中に前進させると大型能力の前進設備ひいては
高額の設備費を要し、又崩壊防止装置、縁切装置等の工
費を要するので、本発明はこれらの装置を最少能力にし
又各種装置をなくして目的を達成しようとする点にある
。Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the conventional method, as described above, if the structure is advanced into the ground with the same cross-sectional shape, it requires large-capacity advancing equipment and high equipment costs, and it is difficult to prevent collapse. Since equipment, edge cutting equipment, etc. require labor costs, the purpose of the present invention is to minimize the capacity of these equipment and eliminate various equipment to achieve the object.

更に本発明において解決しようとするもう一つの問題点
がある。円筒状構造物を円方向に締めつける（タガ會か
けるの意）方法があるが、この方法は構造物を縦方向に
分割する又はしないに拘らず緊張材の緊張、定着は外周
外即ち空間中において行なわれている。これは力学的理
論上その方法がとられているのであるが、本発明の対象
となる円筒状構造物は分割した扇形部材を各ケ毎に所定
位置迄地中に前進させて後地中において緊張し、定着す
るのであって、前記のよ−うに外周外から緊張、定着す
るためにはその作業のため殆んど外周３− 金縁にわたり相当広さの掘削をしなければならない。こ
れは工事作業に大きな危険をもたらし、莫大な工費を要
することになる。従ってこの緊張、定着作業を内側より
で＠ないかと云うのも一つの問題点である。Furthermore, there is another problem that the present invention attempts to solve. There is a method of tightening a cylindrical structure in a circular direction (tightening), but regardless of whether the structure is divided vertically or not, the tensioning and fixing of the tendons is done outside the outer periphery, that is, in the space. It is being done. This method is based on mechanical theory, but the cylindrical structure that is the subject of the present invention is constructed by advancing each segment of the fan-shaped member into the ground to a predetermined position, and then inserting it into the ground. It is tensioned and fixed, and in order to tension and fix it from outside the outer periphery as described above, it is necessary to excavate a considerable area over almost the entire outer periphery. This poses great danger to construction work and requires enormous construction costs. Therefore, one of the issues is whether this tension and fixation work should be done from the inside.

（２）発明の構成 問題点を解決するための手段 本発明は前記在来の方法における問題点である欠点を如
何にしてこれを除くかであるが、即ち掘進抵抗及び摩擦
力の低減、切羽の崩壊防止等に対して、円筒状構造物を
縦方向に分割して、断面扇状の扇形部材に分割し、各扇
形部材を個々にけん引、推進又はけん引推進方法によっ
て地中に順次前進させる方法によっている。こうするこ
とによって扇形部材の掘進抵抗及び摩擦力は大きく低減
し、父上部の扇形部材を常に他のものより先行させて前
進させることにより切羽の崩壊を完全に防止することが
できる。(2) Structure of the Invention Means for Solving the Problems The present invention aims to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional methods, namely, reducing the digging resistance and frictional force, and A method for preventing the collapse of cylindrical structures, etc., by dividing a cylindrical structure vertically into fan-shaped members with a fan-like cross section, and sequentially advancing each fan-shaped member individually into the ground by towing, propulsion, or traction propulsion methods. I am by. By doing this, the digging resistance and frictional force of the fan-shaped member are greatly reduced, and by always advancing the fan-shaped member on the father part in advance of the others, collapse of the face can be completely prevented.

次に第２の問題点に対しては、扇形部材の内側面に舟形
凹部を設け、この底部に緊張材を突出さ４− せ、これに定着具を装着し、ジヤツキで緊張材を緊張し
、定着具で定着することによって、円筒状構造物の内側
より緊張、定着することができ、問題点は解決される。Next, to solve the second problem, a boat-shaped recess is provided on the inner surface of the fan-shaped member, a tension material is made to protrude from the bottom of this recess, a fixing device is attached to this, and the tension material is tightened with a jack. By fixing with a fixing tool, the cylindrical structure can be tensioned and fixed from the inside, and the problem is solved.

尚扇形部材の製作には、成る程度長さに制限を受けるの
で、設置円筒状構造物が長い場合は、次々と扇形部材を
継ぎ足し乍ら前進させれば良い。Note that the manufacturing of fan-shaped members is limited in length, so if the cylindrical structure to be installed is long, it is sufficient to advance the fan-shaped members one after another while adding them one after another.

作用・ 本発明の方法は、地中に設置しようとする円筒状構造物
を縦方向に、適当数の扇形部材に分割、製作し、これを
発進基地に円筒状に組立て、配設し、上方の扇形部材か
ら順次、隣接の扇形部材をガイドとして地中に前進させ
るので、各扇形部材は正確に所定の方向に前進するとと
もに、扇形部材の前進に応じて内部の土砂を掘削、排出
して行くが、この際の切羽の土砂の崩壊を完全に防止す
ることができ、又扇形部材の前進に伴なう掘進抵抗及び
摩擦抵抗を最少限にとどめる作用を有する又緊張材を前
記のように外側面から緊張、定着５− する作業に伴う不都合を避けて、内側より行なうことが
できる。又６緊張材は切れ目のないようにラップして配
設しであるので、これにより同筒状構造物を円周方向に
タガ状に締めつけて構造物全体を一体化する作用を有し
ている。更に扇形部材の前進中は緊張、定着はないので
、一般的には各扇形部材は互に離れるおそれがある筈で
あるが、本発明の場合は、周囲の土圧がほぼ等しい圧力
で各扇形部材の外面に作用し、結果的にアーチアクショ
ンによって各扇形部材が接面で押しつけられ、従って前
記のおそれは全くなくなる。尚本発明の円筒状構造物は
常時地中にあり、周囲より土庄を受けているので各緊張
材の緊張力は左程大きな緊張力を必要としない。Operation - The method of the present invention is to vertically divide a cylindrical structure to be installed underground into an appropriate number of fan-shaped members, fabricate them, assemble and arrange them in a cylindrical shape at a starting base, and then The fan-shaped members are sequentially advanced into the ground using the adjacent fan-shaped members as a guide, so each fan-shaped member moves forward in an accurate predetermined direction, and as the fan-shaped members move forward, the soil inside is excavated and discharged. However, it is possible to completely prevent the collapse of the earth and sand on the face at this time, and also to minimize the digging resistance and frictional resistance accompanying the advancement of the fan-shaped member. This can be done from the inside, avoiding the inconveniences associated with tensioning and fixing from the outside. In addition, since the 6 tension members are arranged in a wrapped manner so that there is no break, this has the effect of tightening the cylindrical structure in a hoop-like manner in the circumferential direction and integrating the entire structure. . Furthermore, since there is no tension or fixation while the fan-shaped members are moving forward, generally there is a risk that the fan-shaped members will separate from each other, but in the case of the present invention, each fan-shaped member is moved with almost equal surrounding earth pressure. Acting on the outer surfaces of the parts, the consequent arch action forces each fan-shaped part on its tangential surface, so that the above-mentioned risks are completely eliminated. It should be noted that the cylindrical structure of the present invention is always underground and is exposed to the soil from the surrounding area, so the tension force of each tendon does not need to be as large as the left.

実施例 本発明の方法ｔ−１実施例をあげ、図面にもとづいて説
明する。EXAMPLE Method t-1 An example of the method of the present invention will be given and explained based on the drawings.

第１図、第２図は本発明の対象物である地中円筒状構造
物の図で、第１図は正面図、第２図は側面図であり、第
３図は第１図の左上部の２ケの扇６− 形部材の拡大正面図で、第４図は第３図のＡ−Ａ矢視内
面図、第５図は同じく第３図のＢ−Ｂ矢視内面図であり
、第６図〜第８図は本発明の方法の作業工程の１部を示
したもので、第６図は発進基地上に全扇形部材を円筒状
に組立て配置した側面図、第７図、第８図は扇形部材を
途中迄前進させた状態のもので、第７図は平面図、第８
図は側面図である。Figures 1 and 2 are diagrams of the underground cylindrical structure that is the object of the present invention, where Figure 1 is a front view, Figure 2 is a side view, and Figure 3 is the upper left of Figure 1. 4 is an enlarged front view of the two fan-shaped members of the section, FIG. 4 is an internal view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 3, and FIG. , Fig. 6 to Fig. 8 show a part of the working process of the method of the present invention, Fig. 6 is a side view of all the fan-shaped members assembled and arranged in a cylindrical shape on the starting base, Fig. 7, Figure 8 shows the fan-shaped member partially advanced, Figure 7 is a plan view, and Figure 8 is a plan view.
The figure is a side view.

本実施例は、地盤１中に構築する円筒状構造物２を便宜
上縦方向に８等分し、８等分割した各扇形部材３を組合
せて円筒状構造物２を形成させた実施例である。This example is an example in which a cylindrical structure 2 to be constructed in the ground 1 is divided vertically into 8 equal parts for convenience, and the cylindrical structure 2 is formed by combining the fan-shaped members 3 divided into 8 equal parts. .

先づ各扇形部材３の内部に円周方向を中心にしてその両
端部全円筒状構造物２の内側方向に曲げて緊張材５を挿
通する孔４を予め設けておく。又前記中心部分に当る孔
４は第３図の緊張材５１．５！に見られるように円筒状
構造物２の全断面において同心円になるように設け、緊
張材５１％　５ｔ、５Ｍ、５４が力学的に連続するよう
に６孔４を設ける。次に孔４６両端部の円筒状構造物２
の内側面即ち扇形７一 部材３の内側面にも予め舟形凹部７を設けておく。尚第
２図では各緊張材５皿、海、ｉ１５．は便宜上船して図
示しであるが、力学的に連続させて引張力を伝達させる
ためには互にできるだけ接近させて配設することが必要
である。尚本実施例においては、各１本の緊張材は第１
図に見られるように２ケの隣接する扇形部材３部分は構
造物の中心を中心とした円弧状をなし、それから先の先
端部は両隣接する扇形部材３の内側面の方へ曲げて配設
しである。又各層形部材３には、前進中互にずれないよ
うにガイド構造が必要であるが、これには従来各種のも
のが用いられており、本実施例ではその内の１種を第３
図、第４図の９で示した。First, a hole 4 is previously provided inside each fan-shaped member 3 by bending both ends thereof toward the inside of the entire cylindrical structure 2 centering on the circumferential direction and inserting the tension material 5 therethrough. Also, the hole 4 corresponding to the center portion is filled with the tension material 51.5 in Fig. 3! As shown in , the cylindrical structure 2 is provided so as to be concentric in its entire cross section, and six holes 4 are provided so that the tendons 51% 5t, 5M, and 54 are mechanically continuous. Next, the cylindrical structure 2 at both ends of the hole 46
A boat-shaped recess 7 is also provided in advance on the inner surface of the fan-shaped member 3. In addition, in Fig. 2, there are 5 plates of each tension material, sea, i15. Although they are shown as ships for convenience, in order to dynamically and continuously transmit the tensile force, it is necessary to arrange them as close as possible to each other. In this example, each tension member is the first
As seen in the figure, the two adjacent fan-shaped members 3 form an arc shape centered on the center of the structure, and the tip portions are bent toward the inner surfaces of both adjacent fan-shaped members 3. It is. Further, each layered member 3 requires a guide structure so that they do not shift from each other during advancement, but various types of guide structures have been used in the past, and in this embodiment, one of them is used as the third guide structure.
It is shown by 9 in Fig. 4.

以上によって所要数の扇形部材３を発進基地１０上にて
第６図に示すように円筒状に組立て、各扇形部材３の前
進方向先端に分割した刃口６を取９つけた後、上部、側
面、底面の順に各扇形部材３を適宜長づつ、けん引、推
進又はけん引推進して、第７図、第８図に示すように地
中に前進させて行く。各扇形部材３が前進するに伴ない
、円筒８− 状構造物２の内部の土砂を１１で示すように掘削、排土
して行く。かくして全扇形部材３が所定位置に達したな
らば、調圧を行って夫々対応する孔４を合致させ、舟形
四部７の底部に開口している孔４０より孔４内に緊張材
５＋　、５ｔ、５ｇ、５．ｅ夫々挿入し、各端部の舟形
凹部７の底部において緊張材に定着具８を装着し、ジヤ
ツキにより緊張、定着した後、舟形凹部７を完全に充填
して緊張材端部及び定着具を保護して、地中に円筒状構
造物２を構築するものである。After assembling the required number of fan-shaped members 3 into a cylindrical shape on the starting base 10 as shown in FIG. Each fan-shaped member 3 is towed, propelled, or towed to an appropriate length in the order of the side surface and the bottom surface, and is advanced into the ground as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. As each fan-shaped member 3 moves forward, the earth and sand inside the cylindrical structure 2 is excavated and removed as shown by 11. When all the fan-shaped members 3 have reached the predetermined position, the pressure is adjusted to match the corresponding holes 4, and the tension members 5+, 5t are inserted into the holes 4 through the holes 40 opened at the bottom of the four boat-shaped parts 7. , 5g, 5. e. Insert the fixing device 8 into the tendon at the bottom of the boat-shaped recess 7 at each end, tighten and fix it with jacks, and then completely fill the boat-shaped concave portion 7 and attach the tension material ends and the fixing device. A cylindrical structure 2 is constructed underground for protection.

（３）発明の効果 本発明の方法によれば、（１）地面下浅い所にも深いと
ころにも円筒状構造物を構築することができ、（１１）
％に浅い場合、地面上の交通或いは小規模の構造物等に
支障を与えず施工することができ、”Ｏ１浅い場合も施
工中地盤の沈下をおこすことがなく、（ＩＶ）上部の扇
形部材を先行させる結果、内部掘削゛　の際切羽の土砂
崩壊を防止することができ、又（Ｖ）円筒状構造物を縦
方向の小部材に分割して各個に前進させる結果、前進抵
抗が極めて小さくなり、９− 従って前進装置が小型化して工事費が格安となって経済
的となり、（ｖｌ）更に緊張材は掘削、排土した後の構
造物の内側より緊張、定着ができるので、外周面から行
う場合に必要な、緊張材の挿入、定着具の取りつけ、ジ
ヤツキによる緊張、定着等の諸作業のための作業坑的な
空間を設ける必要がなく、極めて安全に作業を行うこと
ができ、又工費も極めて少くて済む。(3) Effects of the invention According to the method of the invention, (1) cylindrical structures can be constructed both shallowly and deep underground; (11)
%, construction can be carried out without causing any hindrance to traffic or small-scale structures on the ground, and even if O1 is shallow, the ground will not sink during construction; As a result, it is possible to prevent landslides at the face during internal excavation, and (V) because the cylindrical structure is divided into small members in the vertical direction and moved forward individually, the forward resistance is extremely small. 9- Therefore, the advancing device becomes smaller and the construction cost becomes cheaper, making it more economical.(vl) Furthermore, the tension material can be tensioned and fixed from the inside of the structure after excavation and earth removal, so the outer peripheral surface There is no need to provide a work pit-like space for various operations such as inserting tension materials, attaching fixing tools, tensioning with jacks, and fixing, which is required when performing work from the ground up, and the work can be carried out extremely safely. Moreover, the construction cost is extremely low.

以上のように本発明は多くの特筆すべき諸効果を有して
いるのである。As described above, the present invention has many noteworthy effects.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図、第２図は、本発明の方法の対象物である地中円
−節状構造物の１実施例を示したもので、第１図は正面
図、第２図は側面図、第３図〜第５図は円筒状構造物を
分割した扇形部材の１部の拡　□大図で、第３図は正面
図、第４図、第５図は夫々第３図のＡ−Ａ、Ｂ−Ｂ各矢
視内面図、第６図〜第８図は本発明の方法における各扇
形部材の前進工程を示したもので、第６図、第８図は側
面図、第７図は平面図である。 １０− 符号 １・・・・・・・・地　盤 ２　・・・・・・・・・・円筒状構造物３・・・・・・
・・扇形部材 ４・・・・・・・・孔 ５１　％海、５３．５．・・緊張材 ６・・・・・・・・刃　ロ ア・・・・・・・・舟形凹部 ８・・・・・・・・定着　具 ９　・・・・・・・・ガイド構造 １０・・・・・・・・発進基地 １１・・・・・・・・掘削面 特許出願人　植　村　厚　− （ほか１名） １１− 船３１ヅ１ 消４１ヅ１　絶Ｓ１の １４開昭ＧＯ−２３０４９９（５） ５＠　６１２ 毘８１ヨ 刀ｌ］コFigures 1 and 2 show an example of an underground circular-nodal structure that is the object of the method of the present invention, with Figure 1 being a front view, Figure 2 being a side view, Figures 3 to 5 are enlarged views of a part of the fan-shaped member obtained by dividing the cylindrical structure. Figure 3 is a front view, and Figures 4 and 5 are A-A in Figure 3, respectively. , B-B, and FIGS. 6 to 8 show the advancement process of each fan-shaped member in the method of the present invention. FIGS. 6 and 8 are side views, and FIG. 7 is a side view. FIG. 10- Code 1...Ground 2...Cylindrical structure 3...
・・Sector member 4・・・hole 51% sea, 53.5. ...Tension material 6...Blade Lower...Boat-shaped recess 8...Fixing tool 9...Guide structure 10...・・・・・・Starting base 11・・・・・・Excavation surface patent applicant Atsushi Uemura - (1 other person) 11- Ship 31zu1 41zu1 Zetsu S1 14 Kaisho GO-230499 (5) 5 @ 612 81 yo sword l]ko

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 地中に円筒状構造物を構築する方法において、円筒状構
造物を断面扇状の縦方向に複数片の扇形部材に分割し、
この扇形部材を円筒状に配列し、各扇形部材を１ケづつ
円筒状構造物の地中設置位置迄前進させた後、予め各扇
形部材の内部の外周方向に設けた緊張材を挿通する孔を
合致させ、合致した時の孔の両端部は扇形部材の内側に
予め設けである舟形凹部の底部に開口するようにした前
記孔に緊張材を挿通し、舟形凹部に突出させ、その両端
に定着具を装着し、ジヤツキにより片端又は両端より緊
張材を緊張し、定着具により定着するとともに、この画
定着具及び緊張材を１組とし、円筒状構造物の円方向に
複数組を、緊張材が力学的にラップするように配設して
、全扇形部材を円方向に緊結１体化して構成してなる地
中円筒状１− 構造物の構築方法。[Claims] A method for constructing a cylindrical structure underground, comprising: dividing the cylindrical structure into a plurality of fan-shaped members in the vertical direction with a fan-shaped cross section;
After arranging these fan-shaped members in a cylindrical shape and advancing each fan-shaped member one by one to the underground installation position of the cylindrical structure, holes for inserting the tension material provided in advance in the outer circumferential direction inside each fan-shaped member When they match, both ends of the holes are inserted into the holes that open at the bottom of a boat-shaped recess previously provided inside the fan-shaped member, and the tension material is made to protrude into the boat-shaped recess. Attach the fixing tool, tension the tension material from one end or both ends with a jack, fix the image with the fixing tool, and set the image fixing tool and tension material as one set. 1. A method for constructing an underground cylindrical structure, which is constructed by arranging the members so that they mechanically overlap, and connecting all fan-shaped members in a circular direction into one body.