JPS60198166A - Respirator absorbing canister - Google Patents

Respirator absorbing canister

Info

Publication number
JPS60198166A
JPS60198166A JP59054629A JP5462984A JPS60198166A JP S60198166 A JPS60198166 A JP S60198166A JP 59054629 A JP59054629 A JP 59054629A JP 5462984 A JP5462984 A JP 5462984A JP S60198166 A JPS60198166 A JP S60198166A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
activated carbon
surface area
specific surface
fiber
respirator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP59054629A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0348831B2 (en
Inventor
石崎 信男
博 清水
木戸 満州男
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyobo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Toyobo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyobo Co Ltd filed Critical Toyobo Co Ltd
Priority to JP59054629A priority Critical patent/JPS60198166A/en
Publication of JPS60198166A publication Critical patent/JPS60198166A/en
Publication of JPH0348831B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0348831B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。
(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、原子炉流出ガスからの放射性沃素、特にヨウ
化メ−j−#−131(CH,I”’ ) K対tル呼
吸器保護共用カートリッジに関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a common cartridge for respiratory protection against radioactive iodine from nuclear reactor effluent gases, particularly iodide Me-j-#-131(CH,I"') K. .

放射性沃素は人体の甲状腺に蓄積され、発がん性の大な
る物質であるので原子炉施設に浮遊せる従来、原子炉施
設等から放出される排ガス中に含有されている元素状沃
素は、ヤシガラ系あるいは石炭系の粒状活性炭により除
去されている。しかし、元素状ヨウ素が有機性化合物、
特にヨウ化メチル等のヨウ化アルキルに変化した場合、
粒状活性炭そのものでは除去効率は低く、該活性炭にヨ
ウ化カリウム、トリヨウ化カリウム、元素状沃素、ヨウ
化第2すす、ヨウ化アルミニウム、モルフォリン、ピペ
リジン、ピペラジン等の放射性ヨウ化メチルと反応する
物質を添着する方法が試みられている。
Radioactive iodine accumulates in the thyroid gland of the human body and is a highly carcinogenic substance, so it is suspended in nuclear reactor facilities. Conventionally, elemental iodine contained in the exhaust gas released from nuclear reactor facilities, etc. It is removed using coal-based granular activated carbon. However, elemental iodine is an organic compound,
Especially when it changes to alkyl iodide such as methyl iodide,
Granular activated carbon itself has low removal efficiency, and activated carbon contains substances that react with radioactive methyl iodide, such as potassium iodide, potassium triiodide, elemental iodine, soot, aluminum iodide, morpholine, piperidine, and piperazine. Attempts have been made to attach the .

しかしながら、粒状活性炭へのこれらの添着剤の添着量
に高々5重量%であり、該添着剤のヨウ化メチル除去能
改良効果に限界があった。
However, the amount of these impregnants impregnated onto granular activated carbon is at most 5% by weight, and there is a limit to the effect of the impregnants on improving the methyl iodide removal ability.

一方、呼吸保護共用カー) IJッジの成型は粒状活性
炭を金属製の円形カー) IJッジに充填することによ
り作製される。その際活性炭粒子間のすき間より被処理
ガスのリークを避けるよう均一に活性炭粒子をカートリ
ッジ内に充填するためにはカートリッジの通気開孔率は
50%以下にする必要があシ、必然的にヨウ化メチルガ
スに対する除去効率の低下は避は得なかった。
On the other hand, a respiratory protection common car (IJ) is molded by filling a circular metal car (IJ) with granular activated carbon. At this time, in order to uniformly fill the cartridge with activated carbon particles to avoid leakage of the gas to be treated from the gaps between the activated carbon particles, the ventilation porosity of the cartridge must be 50% or less, which inevitably causes iodine. A decrease in removal efficiency for methyl chloride gas was unavoidable.

除去効率を高める友め、活性炭の粒径を小さくすること
あるいはカートリッジの厚みを増大さすことが考えられ
るが、通気抵抗が高くなシすぎたル、重量が大きくな夛
すぎカートリッジの操作性および取シ扱いが困難になる
という問題が生じる。
Reducing the particle size of the activated carbon or increasing the thickness of the cartridge can be considered as a way to increase the removal efficiency, but it is difficult to use a cartridge with too high airflow resistance or with too many cartridges that are heavy and difficult to handle. A problem arises in that handling becomes difficult.

しかして本発明者等は、繊維状活性炭を用いてコンパク
トで放射性沃素に対して除去効率が高く、着用感の優れ
た呼吸保護具用マスク・カートリッジを得る手段につい
て鋭意研究した結果、下記のような構造を有するカート
リッジが特別にすぐれていることを見い出し本発明に到
達した。
The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive research into methods for obtaining a respirator cartridge using fibrous activated carbon that is compact, has high removal efficiency for radioactive iodine, and is comfortable to wear. The inventors have discovered that a cartridge having a unique structure is particularly excellent, and have arrived at the present invention.

即ち、本発明は1.4−ジアザビシクロ(2,212)
オクタンあるいはその誘導体を5重量%以上添着した比
表面積1000 rr?/r以上の繊維状活性炭からな
る不織布が通気開孔率60チ以上の容器に充填されてな
る呼吸具眼収缶である。
That is, the present invention provides 1,4-diazabicyclo(2,212)
Specific surface area 1000 rr with 5% by weight or more of octane or its derivatives impregnated? This is a respirator/eye canister in which a container with a ventilation porosity of 60 cm or more is filled with a nonwoven fabric made of fibrous activated carbon of /r or more.

本発明に用いる繊維状活性炭は1.4−ジアザビシクロ
[2,2,2)オクタンを添着した後のBET法比表面
積が1000赫今以上であることが必要である。即ち、
添着後の比表面積が1000 tr?/を未満の場合は
、ヨウ化メチル分子との反応速度が低下し、本発明の効
果が発揮されない。即ち、そのためには添着前の繊維状
活性炭の比表面積はおおよそ1400赫今以上という従
来の粒状炭では考えられない高比表面積を有することが
必要である。
The fibrous activated carbon used in the present invention needs to have a BET specific surface area of 1000 or more after being impregnated with 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2)octane. That is,
Is the specific surface area after attachment 1000 tr? If it is less than /, the reaction rate with methyl iodide molecules will decrease and the effects of the present invention will not be exhibited. That is, for this purpose, it is necessary that the fibrous activated carbon before impregnation has a specific surface area of about 1,400 or more, which is unimaginable for conventional granular carbon.

なお、比表面積は常圧下の液体窒素の沸点(−195,
8℃)における吸着側の窒素ガス吸着等温線を用いてB
ET法の計算法(慶伊富長「吸着」共立出版)によりめ
た。
Note that the specific surface area is the boiling point of liquid nitrogen under normal pressure (-195,
B using the nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm on the adsorption side at
It was determined by the calculation method of ET method (Kei Tominaga "Adsorption" Kyoritsu Shuppan).

上記繊維状活性炭は、特に下記2点に注意することによ
って製造される。
The above-mentioned fibrous activated carbon is produced by paying particular attention to the following two points.

(1)灰分含有率の低い精製された原料繊維を使用する
こと。
(1) Use refined raw material fibers with low ash content.

(2)賦活処理は、水蒸気含有率10容量チ以上の活性
ガス雰囲気下で入念に行うこと。
(2) Activation treatment must be carefully performed in an active gas atmosphere with a water vapor content of 10 volumes or more.

上記(1)の灰分含有率の低い精製された原料繊維を使
用することは、収率よく、高強度の繊維状活性炭を得る
上にぜひ必要なことであり、具体的には、再生セルロー
ス繊維、硬化フェノール樹脂繊維、ポリアクリ寵ニトリ
ル繊維等が例挙される。
The use of purified raw material fiber with a low ash content in (1) above is absolutely necessary to obtain high-yield, high-strength fibrous activated carbon. Specifically, regenerated cellulose fiber , cured phenol resin fiber, polyacrylic nitrile fiber, etc.

該原料は、再生セルロース繊維の場合には、燐ポリアク
リロニトリル繊維の場合には、空気中で200〜300
℃で充分耐炎化処理後、フェノール樹脂繊維の場合には
そのまま不活性ガス雰囲気下で600〜900℃に加熱
することによって炭化する。
In the case of regenerated cellulose fibers, the raw material is 200 to 300
After sufficient flame-proofing treatment at .degree. C., in the case of phenolic resin fibers, the fibers are carbonized by heating to 600 to 900.degree. C. in an inert gas atmosphere.

得られた炭化物を上記(2)の賦活処理に付するが、該
賦活処理は、該炭化物を水蒸気含有率10容量チ以上の
活性ガス雰囲気下において850〜950℃で加熱処理
する。処理時間は、処理温度、水蒸気濃度、被処理物の
形態等によシ変動するため、画一的には決められないが
、賦活収率が50〜15チになるよう長時間活性化処理
する。もちろん、この賦活処理を2度以上に分割して行
ってもよい。
The obtained carbide is subjected to the above activation treatment (2), in which the carbide is heat-treated at 850 to 950° C. in an active gas atmosphere having a water vapor content of 10 volumes or more. The treatment time cannot be uniformly determined as it varies depending on the treatment temperature, water vapor concentration, form of the material to be treated, etc., but the activation treatment is carried out for a long time so that the activation yield is 50 to 15 cm. . Of course, this activation process may be divided into two or more times.

本発明に係る活性炭素繊維は不織布状で使用す 。The activated carbon fiber according to the present invention is used in the form of a nonwoven fabric.

ることか必要である。活性炭素繊維としては通気抵抗の
点からその繊維径が5〜50μm、特に25〜40μm
のものを使用することが好ましい。
It is necessary. The activated carbon fiber has a fiber diameter of 5 to 50 μm, especially 25 to 40 μm from the viewpoint of ventilation resistance.
It is preferable to use

又本発明に用いる添着剤げ1,4−ジアザビシクロ[:
 2,2.2 ]オクタン又はそのC−アルキル誘導体
(2メチル、2エチル、2プロピル)を用いることが必
要である。
In addition, the impregnant used in the present invention is 1,4-diazabicyclo[:
2,2.2 ] octane or its C-alkyl derivatives (2-methyl, 2-ethyl, 2-propyl).

かかる添着剤に高求核性の環状アミンであり、ヨウ化メ
チルとの反応速度が従来使用されてきたヨウ化カリウム
(K1.)に比べて著しく大であること、繊維状活性炭
に容易に添着されること、及び蒸気圧が低いこと等の特
色を有するものである。
This impregnant is a highly nucleophilic cyclic amine, has a significantly higher reaction rate with methyl iodide than the conventionally used potassium iodide (K1.), and is easily impregnated with fibrous activated carbon. It has the characteristics of high temperature and low vapor pressure.

該添着剤の添着量は、5重量9%以上であることが必要
である。即ち、5重量%未満では、本発明の高比表面積
繊維状活性炭との添着効果の相乗作用が不さく、本発明
の効果が発揮されない。又、30重Jt%以上とあまり
多く添着させると添着後の比表面精が1000蔀今以下
になシ、かかる場合も本発明の効果を奏せず好ましくな
い。
The amount of the impregnating agent needs to be 5% by weight or more, 9% or more. That is, if it is less than 5% by weight, the synergistic effect of impregnation with the high specific surface area fibrous activated carbon of the present invention is poor, and the effects of the present invention are not exhibited. Furthermore, if too much is added, such as 30 weight Jt% or more, the specific surface roughness after impregnation will be less than 1000 mm, which is also not preferable because the effects of the present invention cannot be achieved.

かかる添着剤の添着法は、添着剤の溶液に該繊維状活性
炭を浸漬、乾燥する、あるいは添着剤溶液を噴霧して、
溶液を耐着させt後乾燥1゛る方法等がある。
The method of impregnating with such an impregnant includes immersing the fibrous activated carbon in an impregnant solution and drying it, or spraying the impregnant solution.
There are methods such as allowing the solution to adhere and then drying.

又、本発明に係る添着剤とともにヨウ化カリウム、トリ
ヨウ化カリウム、ヨウ素、臭素、硝酸銀等の他の添着剤
を併用してもよい。
Further, other impregnants such as potassium iodide, potassium triiodide, iodine, bromine, silver nitrate, etc. may be used together with the impregnant according to the present invention.

上記添着繊維状活性炭は、フェルト状で、通気開孔率が
60%以上の円形のマスク令カートリツ本発明の放射性
沃素除去用マスク・カートリッジは、吸着速度の大きい
高比表面積の繊維状活性炭に、ヨウ化メチルに対して反
応速度の大なる添着剤を多量にゐ着後、開孔率の大なる
カートリッジに、効率よく充填しているため、抜群のヨ
ウ化メチル除去効率を有し、しかも呼吸気抵抗全低下せ
しめ、軽量であるため着用感にすぐれ、長時間の着用が
可能であるという大きな特徴を有するものである。
The impregnated fibrous activated carbon is felt-like and has a circular mask cartridge with a ventilation porosity of 60% or more. After applying a large amount of impregnating agent that has a high reaction rate to methyl iodide, it is efficiently filled into a cartridge with a large porosity, so it has outstanding methyl iodide removal efficiency and is breathable. It has the major characteristics of completely reducing air resistance, being lightweight, providing excellent wearing comfort, and being able to be worn for long periods of time.

次に実施例について本発明を更に詳細に説明する。Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

実施例1゜ 繊維長38簡、繊維径30デニールの再生セルロース繊
維をフェルト化後、100jIの燐酸アンモニウム水溶
液を含浸し、300℃で耐炎化処理後、窒素ガス気流下
において、850℃まで2時間を要して昇温、炭化した
。その後、水蒸気を20容量チ含有する窒素気流中にお
いて850℃で4時間活性化処理’f:ht[iL、繊
維径30μm、33ET法比表面積が1500m’/7
、目付200 f/n?、厚み4flのフェルト状にさ
れた繊維状活性炭を得た。また比較例として、上記実施
例の製造条件のうち活性化処理全1時間とした場合(比
較例−1)の繊維径35firn、BET法比法面表面
積000rrl/?、目付300 rr?/f、厚み6
闘のフェルト状活性炭を得た。
Example 1 Regenerated cellulose fibers with a fiber length of 38 fibers and a fiber diameter of 30 denier were made into felt, impregnated with 100JI ammonium phosphate aqueous solution, flame-resistant treated at 300°C, and heated to 850°C for 2 hours under a nitrogen gas stream. It took a while to raise the temperature and carbonize. Thereafter, activation treatment was performed at 850°C for 4 hours in a nitrogen stream containing 20 volumes of water vapor, 'f:ht [iL, fiber diameter 30 μm, 33ET method specific surface area 1500 m'/7
, weight 200 f/n? A felted fibrous activated carbon having a thickness of 4 fl was obtained. In addition, as a comparative example, when the activation treatment was performed for a total of 1 hour under the manufacturing conditions of the above-mentioned example (Comparative Example-1), the fiber diameter was 35 firn and the BET ratio normal surface area was 000 rrl/? , weight 300 rr? /f, thickness 6
Obtained felt-like activated carbon.

該フェルト状活性炭を5重廿弥の1,4ジアザビシクロ
(2,2,2〕オクタン水溶液に浸漬、脱水、乾燥する
ことにより、該添着剤を8重量%添着させた。
The felt-like activated carbon was immersed in an aqueous solution of 1,4 diazabicyclo(2,2,2)octane of 5-fold chloride, dehydrated, and dried to impregnate 8% by weight of the impregnating agent.

該添着フェルトを、直径75WIσ、厚み15wR。The attached felt had a diameter of 75WIσ and a thickness of 15WR.

通気開孔率70%のポリプロピレン製容器に充填密度0
.10y/ecになるよう充填して、呼吸具眼収缶を得
た。
Packing density: 0 in polypropylene container with ventilation porosity of 70%
.. It was filled to 10 y/ec to obtain a breathing device.

該吸収缶を、内径76mBのガラス管カラムに装填し、
沃化メチル含有濃度9ppm、相対湿度83チの空気を
3017mで流し、除去率の時間変化をめた結果を表−
1に示す。
The absorption canister was loaded into a glass tube column with an inner diameter of 76 mB,
Air with a methyl iodide concentration of 9 ppm and a relative humidity of 83 cm was flowed at 3017 m, and the results of the change in removal rate over time are shown in the table below.
Shown in 1.

比較例2,3 実施例1のフェルト状活性炭に1,4ジアザビシクロ[
2,2,2)オクタンの添着量を3071’i:量係お
よび1重膜チにしたときの結果全表−1に示す。
Comparative Examples 2 and 3 1,4 diazabicyclo[
2,2,2) The results are shown in Table 1 when the amount of octane impregnated was set to 3071'i: amount ratio and 1 layer ratio.

比較例4 実施例1の添着フェルトを直径75朋S 1pr’み1
5m1開孔率が40チのブリキ製容器1(に充填後、性
能評価をおこなった。
Comparative Example 4 The attached felt of Example 1 was made with a diameter of 75mm S 1pr'1
Performance evaluation was performed after filling a tin container 1 (5 m1 with a porosity of 40 inches).

実施例2゜ 繊維径10デニール、繊維長10簡の不溶融化されたノ
ボラック型フェノール樹脂19紺を不織布に成型後50
0℃で3時間窒素ガス雰囲気下において炭化処理を施し
、不織布状の炭素■4維を得た(収率65チ)。
Example 2゜ After molding infusible novolak type phenol resin 19 navy blue with fiber diameter 10 denier and fiber length 10 denier into a nonwoven fabric,
Carbonization treatment was carried out at 0° C. for 3 hours in a nitrogen gas atmosphere to obtain nonwoven carbon fibers (yield: 65 cm).

次いで該炭素繊維フェルトラ、水蒸気f:20容量チ含
有した窒素ガス雰囲気下において900℃−−−+ +
1+++h +イ l+1+/−IJt・ W 永石 
6jI タに リ 0 い 目 lH・け100 tI
n?、厚み2m、B’ET法比表面積が1700 rr
?/9の不織布状活性炭を得た。
Then, the carbon fiber felt was heated at 900°C in a nitrogen gas atmosphere containing 20 volumes of water vapor.
1+++h +I l+1+/-IJt・W Nagaishi
6jI ta ni ri 0 eyes lH・ke100 tI
n? , thickness 2m, B'ET method specific surface area 1700 rr
? /9 non-woven activated carbon was obtained.

該活性炭を実施例1と同様に、1,4ジアザビシクロ[
2,2,2’3オクタンを15重量%添着後(比表面積
1200m”/r)、直径75喘Ω、厚みlO■、開孔
率70%のポリプロピレン製容器に充fjJ4督度0.
10f/CCになるよう充填後、実施例1と同じ条件、
ヨウ化メチルガス除去能を評価した。
The activated carbon was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 with 1,4 diazabicyclo[
After impregnating 15% by weight of 2,2,2'3 octane (specific surface area 1200 m''/r), it was filled into a polypropylene container with a diameter of 75 Ω, a thickness of 1O, and a porosity of 70%.
After filling to 10f/CC, the same conditions as Example 1,
Methyl iodide gas removal ability was evaluated.

比較例5 1.4ジアザビシクロC2,2,2)オクタンを4ル量
チ添着され′ft:、8〜14メツシュのヤシガラ活性
炭(B F、 T法比表面積900 n?/l ) k
直径75諺同様に評価した。
Comparative Example 5 Coconut shell activated carbon (BF, T method specific surface area 900 n?/l) with 8 to 14 mesh impregnated with 4 liters of 1.4 diazabicycloC2,2,2) octane.
Diameter 75 proverbs were evaluated in the same manner.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1.4−ジアザビシクロC2,2,2)オクタンあるい
はその誘導体を5重量%以上添着した比表面積1000
 J?以上の繊維状活性炭からなる不織布が通気開孔率
60チ以上の容器に充填されてなる呼吸具吸収缶。 ゛
1.4-DiazabicycloC2,2,2) Specific surface area 1000 impregnated with 5% by weight or more of octane or its derivatives
J? An absorption canister for breathing equipment, in which a nonwoven fabric made of the above-mentioned fibrous activated carbon is filled into a container having a ventilation porosity of 60 inches or more.゛
JP59054629A 1984-03-21 1984-03-21 Respirator absorbing canister Granted JPS60198166A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59054629A JPS60198166A (en) 1984-03-21 1984-03-21 Respirator absorbing canister

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59054629A JPS60198166A (en) 1984-03-21 1984-03-21 Respirator absorbing canister

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS60198166A true JPS60198166A (en) 1985-10-07
JPH0348831B2 JPH0348831B2 (en) 1991-07-25

Family

ID=12976045

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP59054629A Granted JPS60198166A (en) 1984-03-21 1984-03-21 Respirator absorbing canister

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS60198166A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2760759A1 (en) * 1997-03-14 1998-09-18 Carbone Ind PROCESS FOR REALIZING ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER TEXTURES
JP2012223254A (en) * 2011-04-15 2012-11-15 Shinshu Univ Radioactive material-blocking mask
WO2014042171A1 (en) * 2012-09-13 2014-03-20 株式会社日本環境調査研究所 Disposable mask able to collect and adsorb radioactive organic iodine
JP2017164737A (en) * 2016-03-09 2017-09-21 東ソー株式会社 Carrier body immobilized with hydroxy group-containing cyclic amine compound

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2760759A1 (en) * 1997-03-14 1998-09-18 Carbone Ind PROCESS FOR REALIZING ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER TEXTURES
WO1998041678A1 (en) * 1997-03-14 1998-09-24 Messier-Bugatti Method for producing an activated carbon fibre texture
JP2012223254A (en) * 2011-04-15 2012-11-15 Shinshu Univ Radioactive material-blocking mask
WO2014042171A1 (en) * 2012-09-13 2014-03-20 株式会社日本環境調査研究所 Disposable mask able to collect and adsorb radioactive organic iodine
JP2017164737A (en) * 2016-03-09 2017-09-21 東ソー株式会社 Carrier body immobilized with hydroxy group-containing cyclic amine compound

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