JPS60151262A - Manufacture of lightweight aggregate - Google Patents
Manufacture of lightweight aggregateInfo
- Publication number
- JPS60151262A JPS60151262A JP531984A JP531984A JPS60151262A JP S60151262 A JPS60151262 A JP S60151262A JP 531984 A JP531984 A JP 531984A JP 531984 A JP531984 A JP 531984A JP S60151262 A JPS60151262 A JP S60151262A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- specific gravity
- pellets
- fired
- shale
- less
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
のである。
従来頁岩を原料とする軽伍骨組の製造方法としては、頁
岩法を粉砕して100メンシユオールパスの粒度とした
のち、これに適量の水を加えて調湿後、造粒、乾燥、焼
成する方法が実用されている。
しかしながらこの方法で得られた焼成ペレットは、骨組
として充分な圧壊強度(1α径7闘で50に9以1)と
耐吸水率(吸水率5〜」目%)は得られるが、見掛比重
が1.25程度であった◇近年建築材の軽量化と断熱性
能の強化が要望されており、又耐火刊,で強度がある比
重の小さい骨4Aの提供が待た才]ているのが現状であ
る。
そこで上記の見掛比重(以下用に比重と略称する)を効
率よく大幅に低下させたとする新規な軽It is. Conventionally, the method for manufacturing light frameworks using shale as raw material is to crush shale to a particle size of 100 mensius all-pass, add an appropriate amount of water to the mixture, adjust the humidity, and then granulate, dry, and fire. The method has been put into practice. However, the fired pellets obtained by this method have sufficient crushing strength (50 to 9 to 1 in 1α diameter 7 fights) and water absorption resistance (water absorption 5 to 5%) as a framework, but the apparent specific gravity was about 1.25 ◇In recent years, there has been a demand for lighter construction materials and stronger insulation performance, and the current situation is that fireproofing materials are waiting for the provision of strong, low-density bone 4A. It is. Therefore, a new light weight material that effectively and significantly reduces the above apparent specific gravity (hereinafter abbreviated as specific gravity) has been developed.
【;骨組の製造
方法(特開昭50 − !18!123号公報)が提案
されている。
この方法は、頁岩又は右派1.00部に対しバルブスラ
ッジ10〜30部を添加混合して’4:1′/状化し、
これを800〜11.!i0Cにて焼成することにより
比重約()、7の骨組を得たとするものである。
しかし上記の方法で使用する添加剤は、製紙工場で発生
する水分含翁率85重債%程度のバルブヘ′一゛口(特
開昭50 − 105718号公報、実施例1参照リを
大型ドライヤーで膨大な水分を蒸発させ、水分含有率1
0重量%程度まで乾燥して使用しなければならず、非実
用的なコスト高となるだけでなく、増晴材としても全く
寄与しない等の欠点があった。
本発明の目的は、上記の欠点を解消し、得られるベレソ
I・の比重を、更に小ならしめうる骨相の製浩方θくを
J’)、li供することにある。
この1−1的を達成するためイ\願発明者鳩は鋭意研究
の結果、微粉末状の頁岩に、気泡剤として知られる炭化
硅素と、炭素と共に用いれば一酸化炭素もしくは二酸化
炭素を発生ずると思われる酸化鉄、好まり、 < i:
!酸化第二鉄の所定渚とを夫々超微粉末として、添加混
合し、ベレットとして焼成すると暑るしく比重が低1・
゛することを見出し別途に出願をした。
この方θ、は主原料の平均粒度を]、51Jm以下とす
ることが1.1徴てあり、この方法によれば軽T骨組と
して充分な物性が保たれ、旧つ比重か約0.55と従来
の半分以下になしつるというものである。
本発明の目的は、上記の軒潰骨組の比重を更に低−ドせ
しめることができ、コスト的にもイJ−利な軽)Yl、
骨相の製造方法を提供しようとするものである。
この「目的を達成するため、本願発明者等(才上記の方
法を基礎として更に研究を進めた結果、発泡剤として使
用した無機質の炭化硅素に変えて、こく少量のイJ′機
質気泡剤を微粉末の酸化鉄とともに微粉末の頁岩に適用
すると、史に軽咀骨Hの比重を低下させることができる
ことを気出し本発明に到達した。
即ち、本発明の方法は平均粒度]5μm以Fの頁岩に内
割って2〜Jo車量%の平均粒度]0μm以下の酸化υ
、好ましくは酸化第二鉄と、液状若しくは粉末状の有機
質気泡剤を内割りで2.0重量%以下好ましくは0.1
重量%以−1−を添加して混合したの仁1、調湿、造粒
後好ましくは]、080〜11.20 cにて焼成する
というものである。
本発明の方法において添加剤として用いる酸化鉄は超1
版粒子であることが必要で2〜3μm少くとも10μm
以下の粒度のものを使用する。
また他の添加剤としての有機気泡剤は、S、 E、 R
ラデソクスとしては、商品名LX531.B (日□本
ゼオン礼製)、クロスレン(武田薬品工業製)、小賢f
::lJ s x −B(E1本ヱニロン社製) 、
、T、S、RO670(1−1本合成ゴム)等が好まし
く、これ以外ではポリビニールアルコール(以下P、V
、Aと略する)、カルボキシメチルセルロース(以下C
,M、 0と略する)、リグニン等を液状又は粉状とし
て使用することができる。
軽量骨相の主原料である頁岩を、一般常識では考えられ
ない程の微粉として使用するのは、これは本発明法の主
たる特徴であるが、ベレット焼成時の反応性を良くして
良好な気泡を生成させるためである。
次に添加剤として平均粒度10μm以下の酸化鉄、好ま
しくは酸化第二鉄を内割りて2〜10爪徂%添加する理
由は、オ′)ン度が粗いと主原料粉末とのなじみが悪い
ためか、焼成物の比重を下げることがてきず、又添加1
1はこれ以下では比重低下の効果が得られず、これ以」
二添加しても効果の向」二は望めないからである。
第二の添加剤である有機気泡剤は、これが液状であって
も、粉末状であっても良いが極力微粉末を使用し、液体
状のものを使用する場合は予め酸化鉄と混合してから主
原料と混合するのが望ましい0
この場合の添加量は内割りで0.1〜2.0 @ @%
が好ましい。
41機気泡剤は極く少量添加しても、それなりの効果は
認められるが、0.1重量%以下では効果が顕著てなく
又2,0爪招%以上添加しても、もはや効果の向−Lは
認められない。
主原料ならびに添加剤の混合は、例えばコンクリートミ
キザーを使用して比較的単純な操作で行なわれる。
次に該混合物は、例えば通常のパン型ペレタイサーを用
い、1」的とする粒径のペレットに造粒するのに適切な
水を加え調湿したのち造粒し、次いて乾燥される。この
乾燥は充分な乾燥である必要がある。乾燥が不充分の場
合はペレットの運搬等の際にペレットを破壊したりして
収率が低下する。
乾燥ベレットは、原料装入側の温度が630 C程度、
酸素濃度12〜13容徂%、焼成物の排出側の温度(焼
成帯温度) 1080〜1120tT程度、酸未濃度8
〜9容量%程度の内燃式ロータリーギルンに装入され焼
成帯滞留時間2(1分程度となるようにしてカ′L成さ
れる。
13′t、I戊時の酸素濃度については、従来数%で行
なわれているものが多いが、本発明法では、10容量%
程度と高い酸素濃度で可能である。
ロータリーキルン中の焼成帯の温度は1080〜J]2
o Cが好ましい。焼成温度が低いと比重が十昇し、焼
成温度が高過ぎるとベレットの表面か溶融しベレット同
志融着するという現象が見られるので好ましくない。但
し骨材の比重低Fのみが目的である場合は11.25C
位まで焼成温度をト!fさせ比重を史に低下さ七ること
は可能である。
尚補助的な添加剤として、少椴のヘントナイト微粉末を
使用すると生ペレットの強度がI−かり収率が向上する
。
本発明の方法によれば、実施例に示したように平均比重
が0.5台のベレット焼成体を得ることができる。焼成
体の圧壊強度は直径7 mmのもので25に9、吸水率
(24・時間値)は1〜4・重量%と優れた物性を示す
ものである。
以下実施例について説明する。
実施例1
塊状頁岩をシングルトグルクラッシャーで粗砕したのち
、ロータリーキルンタイプのドライヤーで乾燥し、イン
ペラブレーカ−で粉砕し更に大塚鉄工製チューブミル(
直径2゜5m、長さ5. [、i m zボール→ノイ
ズ50〜75闘、回転数20rpm)で平均2+、y度
か15μm以下に(晟粉砕した。この頁岩の微粉末80
に9に平均粒度3μmのへマタイト(鉄属社製1i’e
O)と有機気泡剤とを夫々所定桁(固形量)−・1′
つ添加し、容量0.06 m のコンクリートミキサー
’C各;(θ分間混合し、平均粒径5 mmのベレット
か得られるように、水を加えたのちパン型ペレタイザー
で造粉し、夫々空気吸引式乾燥器で5時間乾燥した。乾
燥ベレットは装入側の温度を630 C。
焼成帯温度1050〜1oso cに保持した内径50
0mm、長さ4・000朋、傾斜4・、5%、回転数3
rpm %熱源としてプロパンバーナーによる白熱方
式で、装入側の酸素濃度13容駁%、焼成帯酸素濃度9
容量%に保持されたテスト用ロータリーキルンに装入し
焼成した。b’I、酸物を放冷後、各物性を測定した。
尚比重、吸水率の測定はJ工SA ]、’L35 、圧
壊強度は圧縮試験機により圧壊さ1]だ時の荷重値の平
均値(焼成ベレット100個使用)で夫々測定した。使
用したば岩の組成を第1表に、測定結果を第2表に示す
。
第1表
(重量%)
SiOAI OFe OOaOMgONaO+KO’I
’、OMnO2323
(ニア、:321,3.594・、732.、’y7L
、づ・84・、610.500.16BaO灼熱減用結
晶水 sc残部P2O5等0、 (I fi 4・、1
−4・ 1.7] 0.1 0.77第 2 表
扁 添加剤(9)量%) 焼成41)比重 圧壊強度吸
水率 焼成体へマタイト有機気泡剤温度C(ks+)
(上宿%)粒径(rn)■ 1.0 リフ三ン0.1.
1110 0.85 28.2 1.1. 7.14
・ 5 tt ]、、0 1.1100..55 25
.5 2.5 7.35 8 リクEンJ、0 ]12
0 /l 2G、(i 2.1 7.17 10 り−
!J//2.(1“ 0・54. 24.・3 2・6
738 // 5X−E2.Ott ti 25.]
2.3 7.]表をみて明らかなように、添加剤の添
加量の少ない実験/751及び焼成温度の低い実験71
1;2以外の比重は何れも()、5台を示した。尚物性
試験結果は焼成ベレット100個の平均値で示したもの
であるがすべて満足するに足るものであった。
実施例2
グリーンベレットの粒径を約7 amとし、ベレット焼
成物の冷却を14.oC(A)、250 ’Cω〕まで
ロータリ−キルン中で熱交換方式で徐冷したのちX室内
に取り出し水のスプレーで急冷した以外は実施例1と同
様に操作してベレントの焼成物を得た。
その結果を第3表に示す。
第 3 表
八 9 3 リグニン1.0 ]−]、]、5 0.5
3 4・+1.2 ]−2,71,0,1〃 】0 5
クロスレン// // 0.55 50.0 ]、1
.D 1.0.2B II (: LX−531E ]
、J200.5225.825.010.2〃12 8
’ tt tt tt 0654・30.02]、8
101第J)表は第2表と比較して吸水率は増加したが
、これは例えばモルタルrlVに圧送して使用される骨
相として有用なものであり、吸水率が増した割には充分
な圧壊強度が認められた。
以上説明したように、本発明の方法によれば、これまで
のr想を十廻る比重低下が見られたが、骨相として重貿
な物性への悪影響は殆んど見られなかった。
これによって、この軽量骨組の用途は広汎なものとなる
見通しとなった。本発明の原料には、石fJi4、ンラ
ス等ヲ使117 L、I′i′7I’a ニe、 m
# kl ノ’jjJ u Lに応用することがri工
能である。
出願人 住友金属鉱山株式会社
/6:′・
代理人 弁理土中刊時成 ゛JA method for manufacturing a frame (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 18-18-123) has been proposed. This method involves adding and mixing 10 to 30 parts of valve sludge to 1.00 parts of shale or shale to form a '4:1' ratio.
This is 800-11. ! It is assumed that a skeleton with a specific gravity of approximately (), 7 was obtained by firing at i0C. However, the additive used in the above method is applied to a valve with a moisture content of about 85% generated in a paper mill (see Example 1 of JP-A-50-105718) using a large dryer. Evaporates a huge amount of water, reducing the water content to 1
It has to be used after drying to about 0% by weight, which not only leads to impractically high costs, but also has drawbacks such as not contributing at all as a brightening material. The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide a method for producing bone phase θ which can further reduce the specific gravity of the resulting Berezo I. In order to achieve this 1-1 goal, the inventor, Hato, after intensive research, discovered that when used together with finely powdered shale and silicon carbide, known as a foaming agent, carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide is generated. Iron oxide, which seems to be preferable, <i:
! When a specified amount of ferric oxide is added and mixed as an ultrafine powder and fired as a pellet, it becomes hot and has a low specific gravity of 1.
I filed a separate application. In this method, θ, the average particle size of the main raw material should be 1.1 or less], 51 Jm or less. According to this method, sufficient physical properties as a light T frame can be maintained, and the specific gravity of the original material can be reduced to about 0.55. The vines are less than half the size of conventional ones. The object of the present invention is to further reduce the specific gravity of the eaves collapsing frame described above, and to provide a lightweight light beam that is advantageous in terms of cost.
The present invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing bone tissue. In order to achieve this objective, the inventors of the present application (Sai) conducted further research based on the method described above, and found that, instead of the inorganic silicon carbide used as a foaming agent, a small amount of iJ' organic foaming agent was used. The present invention was achieved by realizing that the specific gravity of light mastic bone H can be lowered by applying it to finely powdered shale together with finely powdered iron oxide. Average particle size of 2 to Jo vehicle volume% in F shale] Oxidation υ of 0 μm or less
, preferably 2.0% by weight or less, preferably 0.1% by weight of ferric oxide and a liquid or powdered organic foaming agent.
The mixture is mixed with at least 1% by weight, humidity controlled, and preferably after granulation, and fired at a temperature of 080 to 11.20 °C. The iron oxide used as an additive in the method of the present invention is
Must be plate grains of 2 to 3 μm and at least 10 μm
Use the following particle sizes. Other organic foaming agents as additives include S, E, R
As Radesox, the product name is LX531. B (manufactured by Japan Zeon Rei), Crossren (manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), Koken f
::lJ s x -B (E1 manufactured by Enilon Co., Ltd.),
, T, S, RO670 (1-1 synthetic rubber) are preferred, and other than these, polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter P, V
, abbreviated as A), carboxymethyl cellulose (hereinafter referred to as C
, M, 0), lignin, etc. can be used in liquid or powder form. The main feature of the method of the present invention is that shale, which is the main raw material for lightweight bone phase, is used as a fine powder that is unthinkable in common knowledge. This is to generate . Next, as an additive, iron oxide with an average particle size of 10 μm or less, preferably 2 to 10% of ferric oxide, is added as an additive. Perhaps because of this, it was not possible to lower the specific gravity of the fired product, and addition 1
1, the effect of lowering the specific gravity cannot be obtained below this.
This is because even if two are added, no improvement in the effect can be expected. The organic foaming agent, which is the second additive, can be in either liquid or powder form, but it is best to use as fine a powder as possible, and when using a liquid form, mix it with iron oxide in advance. It is desirable to mix it with the main raw material from 0. In this case, the amount added is 0.1 to 2.0 @ @%
is preferred. Even if the 41 foaming agent is added in a very small amount, it has some effect, but if it is less than 0.1% by weight, the effect is not noticeable, and even if it is added more than 2.0% by weight, the effect is no longer significant. -L is not accepted. The main raw materials and additives are mixed in a relatively simple operation using, for example, a concrete mixer. Next, the mixture is granulated using, for example, a conventional pan-type pelletizer, after adding water suitable for granulating into pellets with a target particle size of 1", adjusting the humidity, and then drying. This drying needs to be sufficient. If drying is insufficient, the pellets may be destroyed during transportation, resulting in a decrease in yield. For dry pellets, the temperature on the raw material charging side is approximately 630 C.
Oxygen concentration 12-13% by volume, temperature on the discharge side of fired product (firing zone temperature) approximately 1080-1120tT, acid concentration 8
It is charged into an internal combustion type rotary giln with a concentration of about 9% by volume and fired so that the residence time in the firing zone is about 2 minutes (about 1 minute). %, but in the method of the present invention, 10% by volume
This is possible at high oxygen concentrations. The temperature of the firing zone in the rotary kiln is 1080~J]2
oC is preferred. If the firing temperature is too low, the specific gravity will increase by ten degrees, and if the firing temperature is too high, the surface of the pellets will melt and the pellets will fuse together, which is not preferable. However, if the purpose is only to have a low specific gravity F of aggregate, 11.25C
Turn the firing temperature up to the desired temperature! It is possible to reduce the specific gravity by adjusting f. In addition, if a small amount of finely divided hentonite powder is used as an auxiliary additive, the strength of the green pellets will be increased and the yield will be improved. According to the method of the present invention, pellet fired bodies having an average specific gravity of 0.5 can be obtained as shown in the examples. The compressive strength of the fired body with a diameter of 7 mm is 9 out of 25, and the water absorption rate (24 hours) is 1 to 4% by weight, showing excellent physical properties. Examples will be described below. Example 1 After coarsely crushing massive shale with a single toggle crusher, it was dried with a rotary kiln type dryer, crushed with an impeller breaker, and further crushed with a tube mill manufactured by Otsuka Iron Works (
Diameter 2.5m, length 5. [, i m z ball → noise 50-75, rotation speed 20 rpm) on average 2+, y degree or less 15 μm (晟pulverized. Fine powder of this shale 80
In 9, hematite with an average particle size of 3 μm (manufactured by Tetsugaku Co., Ltd. 1i'e) was used.
O) and the organic foaming agent at a predetermined digit (solid amount) -・1'
0.06 m capacity concrete mixer'C; mix for θ minutes, add water to obtain pellets with an average particle size of 5 mm, and then pulverize with a pan-type pelletizer and mix with air. The pellets were dried in a suction dryer for 5 hours.The charging side of the dried pellets was kept at a temperature of 630 C. The inner diameter of the pellets was 50 C. The firing zone temperature was maintained at 1050-100 C.
0mm, length 4.000mm, slope 4.5%, number of rotations 3
rpm % Incandescent method using a propane burner as the heat source, oxygen concentration on the charging side was 13%, and oxygen concentration in the firing zone was 9%.
It was charged into a test rotary kiln maintained at % volume and fired. b'I, each physical property was measured after the acid was allowed to cool. The specific gravity and water absorption rate were measured using a compression tester using J-KSA] and 'L35, and the crushing strength was measured using a compression tester using the average load value (using 100 fired pellets) at the time of crushing 1]. The composition of the rock used is shown in Table 1, and the measurement results are shown in Table 2. Table 1 (wt%) SiOAI OFe OOaOMgONaO+KO'I
', OMnO2323 (Near, :321,3.594・,732.,'y7L
,zu・84・,610.500.16BaO sintering crystal water sc remainder P2O5 etc. 0, (I fi 4・,1
-4・1.7] 0.1 0.77 2nd surface additive (9) amount%) Firing 41) Specific gravity Crushing strength Water absorption rate Fired body hematite organic foaming agent temperature C (ks+)
(Kamiyaku%) Particle size (rn) ■ 1.0 Rifusan 0.1.
1110 0.85 28.2 1.1. 7.14
・5 tt],,0 1.1100. .. 55 25
.. 5 2.5 7.35 8 Rikuen J, 0 ]12
0 /l 2G, (i 2.1 7.17 10 Ri-
! J//2. (1" 0.54. 24..3 2.6
738 // 5X-E2. Otti 25. ]
2.3 7. ] As is clear from the table, Experiment 751 with a small amount of additives added and Experiment 71 with a low firing temperature
All specific gravity values other than 1 and 2 were () and 5 units. The physical property test results are shown as the average value of 100 fired pellets, and all were satisfactory. Example 2 The particle size of green pellets was set to about 7 am, and the fired pellets were cooled to 14. oC(A), 250'Cω] in a rotary kiln using a heat exchange method, and then taken out into the Ta. The results are shown in Table 3. Table 3 9 3 Lignin 1.0 ]-], ], 5 0.5
3 4・+1.2 ]-2,71,0,1〃 ]0 5
crosslen // // 0.55 50.0 ], 1
.. D 1.0.2B II (: LX-531E]
, J200.5225.825.010.2〃12 8
' tt tt tt 0654・30.02], 8
Although the water absorption rate in Table 101 J) has increased compared to Table 2, it is useful as a bone phase that is used, for example, by being pumped into mortar RLV, and is sufficient for the increased water absorption rate. Compressive strength was observed. As explained above, according to the method of the present invention, although a decrease in specific gravity was observed that was more than what was previously expected, there was almost no adverse effect on physical properties, which are important for bone structure. As a result, the use of this lightweight framework is expected to be wide-ranging. The raw materials of the present invention include stone fJi4, Nras etc.
#kl No'jjJ u L is the ri skill. Applicant: Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. / 6:'・ Agent: Benri Dochukan Jisei ゛J
Claims (1)
jlll以下の酸化鉄全内割りで2〜10重級%と、リ
グニン、ポリビニールアルコール、カルボキシメヂルセ
ルロース及びスチレンブタジェン系ラテックスのうち1
つ以−4二を内割りで2重量%以下とを夫々添加して混
合し、Fl!!iJしたのち造11ン、焼成することを
特徴とする軒散骨組の製造方法。(1) Shale with an average grain size of 15 μm or less has an average grain size of jO/
2 to 10 heavy percent of total iron oxide below Jlll, and 1 of lignin, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, and styrene-butadiene latex.
2% by weight or less of Tsui-42 was added and mixed, and Fl! ! A method for manufacturing a scattered eaves frame, which is characterized in that it is assembled, then fired.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP531984A JPS60151262A (en) | 1984-01-13 | 1984-01-13 | Manufacture of lightweight aggregate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP531984A JPS60151262A (en) | 1984-01-13 | 1984-01-13 | Manufacture of lightweight aggregate |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS60151262A true JPS60151262A (en) | 1985-08-09 |
Family
ID=11607931
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP531984A Pending JPS60151262A (en) | 1984-01-13 | 1984-01-13 | Manufacture of lightweight aggregate |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS60151262A (en) |
-
1984
- 1984-01-13 JP JP531984A patent/JPS60151262A/en active Pending
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