JPS60130768A - Dry type developing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the resistance of adhesion generates between a rotating member and toner, and make an image sharp and stabilize development conditions by adhering a specific surface coat layer to the outer circumferential surface of a conductive rotating member which rotates in contact with or closely to the surface of a photosensitive body. CONSTITUTION:A developing device consists of a developing roller 30, supply roller 40, cleaning member 50, tuft height regulating member 60, etc. The developing roller 30 is constituted by forming the conductive coat layer 32 on the surface of the outer circumferential surface of the rotating body 31 made of conductive rubber; and the layer 32 uses the same material with toner 4, e.g. at least one kind of constituent materials constitute the toner 4, and its volume resistance value is controlled to <=10<11>OMEGAcm, preferably, 10<5>-10<9>OMEGAcm similar to the rotating body 31. Consequently, the physical adhesion resistance between the coat layer 32 and toner 4 decreases when the both contact each other and the toner 4 is dislocated easily from the developing roller 30 to a photosensitive body 7 to improve the sharpness of an image.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は複写機等の静電写真装置、又はプリンタ、ファ
クシミリ等の静電記録装置に用いる乾式現像装置に関す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a dry developing device used in electrostatic photographic devices such as copying machines, or electrostatic recording devices such as printers and facsimiles.

従来より静電潜像と逆極性に帯電させたトナーを導電性
ローラ表面に一様に付着させた後、該ローラを感光体表
面に近接回転させる事により、感光体表面に相持された
静電潜像に前記トナーを吸引付着させて可視像を形成す
る乾式現像法は既に公知であり、その代表的なものとし
て例えばタッチダウン現像法が存在する。Conventionally, toner charged to the opposite polarity to the electrostatic latent image is uniformly adhered to the surface of a conductive roller, and then the roller is rotated close to the surface of the photoreceptor to remove the electrostatic charge held on the surface of the photoreceptor. A dry developing method for forming a visible image by attracting and adhering the toner to a latent image is already known, and a representative example thereof is, for example, a touchdown developing method.

又近年数多くの複写機に用いられている磁気ブラシ現像
法においても１ｍ石集成体と導電スリーブとにより構成
されたマグネットローラの外周面に、多孔賀弾性体から
なる導電性緩衝材を被着させて回転部材を形成し、該回
転部材を感光体表面に近接回転させながら静電ＷＩ像を
現像させるようにした現像装置も提案されている。（特
公昭５７−８０８５号） いずれにしてもこのような現像法においては、感光体表
面を傷付ける事なく該表面への均一な近接を可能ならし
める為に、前記感光体と近接させる回転部材の表面層を
導電性のゴム又は樹脂等を用いて形成する場合が多いが
、ゴム又は樹脂等の、トナーと異種の材料で前記回転部
材の表面層を形成すると、該回転部材表面とトナー間に
生じる物性的な粘着抵抗が大となり、該トナーの感光体
表面への転移（吸引付着）を妨げる事となる為、画像濃
度の低下や画像むらを引き起こし、鮮明な画像が得られ
にくいという欠点を生じる。In addition, in the magnetic brush development method that has been used in many copying machines in recent years, a conductive cushioning material made of porous elastic material is coated on the outer circumferential surface of a magnet roller made up of a 1 m stone assembly and a conductive sleeve. A developing device has also been proposed in which a rotating member is formed and an electrostatic WI image is developed while rotating the rotating member close to the surface of a photoreceptor. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-8085) In any case, in such a developing method, in order to uniformly approach the surface of the photoreceptor without damaging it, a rotating member is brought close to the photoreceptor. The surface layer is often formed using conductive rubber or resin, but if the surface layer of the rotating member is formed of a material different from the toner, such as rubber or resin, there may be a gap between the surface of the rotating member and the toner. The resulting physical adhesion resistance becomes large and prevents the toner from transferring (suction adhesion) to the surface of the photoreceptor, resulting in a decrease in image density and image unevenness, making it difficult to obtain clear images. arise.

更に前記回転部材表面に残留トナーが付着したまま前記
現像を繰り返し行なうと、該回転部材表面にトナーが偏
在して固着又は凝集され、一方該トナーの抵抗は前記回
転部材より大に形成しである為、この結果回転部材表面
に生じる見せかけの抵抗が大きくなって前記トナーが回
転部材表面に付着しにくくなったり又付着むらが生じた
りして前記画像濃度の低下や画像むらが更に進み、画像
鮮明度の低下と共に、安定した画像が得られにくいとい
う欠点を生じていた。Furthermore, if the development is repeated with residual toner still attached to the surface of the rotating member, the toner will be unevenly distributed on the surface of the rotating member and will stick or aggregate, while the resistance of the toner will be greater than that of the rotating member. As a result, the apparent resistance generated on the surface of the rotating member becomes large, making it difficult for the toner to adhere to the surface of the rotating member, and causing uneven adhesion, further reducing the image density and causing image clarity. As the image quality deteriorates, a drawback arises in that it is difficult to obtain stable images.

本発明はかかる従来技術の欠点に鑑み、前記回転部材の
導電性を維持しながら、該回転部材とトナー間に生じる
物性的な粘着抵抗を大幅に低減させ、この結果画像の鮮
明化と現像条件の安定化を図る事の出来る現像装置を提
供する事を目的とする。In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention significantly reduces the physical adhesive resistance that occurs between the rotating member and the toner while maintaining the electrical conductivity of the rotating member, resulting in sharper images and developing conditions. It is an object of the present invention to provide a developing device that can stabilize the image quality.

而して本発明の特徴とする所は、表面にトナーを付着し
感光体表面に接触又は近接回転する導電性回転部材の外
周面に表面コート層を被着させると共に、該コート層を
形成するコート材料が、前記トナーを構成する組成材料
の内少なく共一種以上の組成材料を含み、且つ１０１′
Ωｃｍ以下の体積抵抗値を有する事にある。The present invention is characterized in that a surface coating layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of a conductive rotating member that has toner attached to its surface and rotates in contact with or in close proximity to the surface of a photoreceptor. The coating material includes at least one or more of the composition materials constituting the toner, and 101'
It has a volume resistance value of Ωcm or less.

ここで前記感光体表面に接触回転させるとは、感光体表
面と回転部材とが同一周速度で回転する、いわゆる転接
回転の他に、前記周速度が異なる摺接回転の場合も含み
、又前記導電性回転部材は一般にゴム又は樹脂で形成す
る場合が多いが、必ずしもこれのみに限定されるもので
はなく他の材料を用いて前記回転部材を形成した場合も
本発明に含まれる。Here, the term "contact rotation with the photoconductor surface" includes not only so-called rolling contact rotation in which the photoconductor surface and the rotating member rotate at the same circumferential speed, but also sliding contact rotation in which the circumferential speeds are different. Although the conductive rotating member is generally made of rubber or resin in many cases, it is not necessarily limited to this, and the present invention also includes cases where the rotating member is formed using other materials.

以下図面に基づいて本発明の詳細な説明する。The present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.

第１図は本発明の実施例が適用される複写機の概略構成
を示し、７は表面に光導電層を備えたドラム状感光体で
、その周囲に帯電装置８、露光装置８、現像装置１０、
転写装置１１、清掃装置１２などが配置されている。FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a copying machine to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied, in which 7 is a drum-shaped photoreceptor with a photoconductive layer on its surface, around which are a charging device 8, an exposure device 8, and a developing device. 10,
A transfer device 11, a cleaning device 12, and the like are arranged.

そしてかかる複写機は公知の如く、図示しない原稿台の
移動に同期して前記感光体７が時計方向に回転すると、
先づ帯電装置８にて所定の電荷を印加され、次に露光装
置８により逐次露光し原稿台」−の原稿像に対応した静
電潜像７ａが感光体７表面に形成される。この静電潜像
７ｄは詳細に後述する現像装置■０によりトナー像とし
て可視化され転写装置１１に至る。転写装置１１では給
紙装置１４より送られてきた転写紙１３に前記トナー像
を転写担持させた後、転写紙１３を感光体７から分離し
定着装置１５にて最終画像として定着させる。一方前記
トナー像を転写させた感光体７は清掃装置１２により残
留トナー４を除去した後、次の複写に備える。In such a copying machine, as is well known, when the photoreceptor 7 rotates clockwise in synchronization with the movement of a document table (not shown),
First, a predetermined charge is applied by the charging device 8, and then sequentially exposed by the exposure device 8, so that an electrostatic latent image 7a corresponding to the original image on the document table is formed on the surface of the photoreceptor 7. This electrostatic latent image 7d is visualized as a toner image by a developing device (20), which will be described in detail later, and reaches the transfer device 11. In the transfer device 11, the toner image is transferred and carried on the transfer paper 13 fed from the paper feed device 14, and then the transfer paper 13 is separated from the photoreceptor 7 and fixed as a final image in the fixing device 15. On the other hand, after the residual toner 4 is removed by a cleaning device 12 from the photoreceptor 7 to which the toner image has been transferred, the photoreceptor 7 is prepared for the next copying.

これらの複写工程については既に周知の為詳細な説明は
省略する。Since these copying steps are already well known, detailed explanation will be omitted.

一方、前記複写機に使用されるトナー４は、少なく共１
０１３ΩＣｍ以上の体積抵抗値を有する高抵抗磁性トナ
ーで、例えばスチレンアクリル系の樹脂、マグネタイト
（磁性粉）、カーボンブラック（着色剤兼抵抗制御剤）
、シリカ（添加剤）等を適当な配合比で混練・加熱した
のち、粉砕分級し平均粒径１５〜２５８Ｌｍにして形成
されている。On the other hand, the toner 4 used in the copying machine is at least 1
A high-resistance magnetic toner having a volume resistivity of 0.013ΩCm or more, such as styrene-acrylic resin, magnetite (magnetic powder), carbon black (colorant and resistance control agent)
, silica (additive), etc. are kneaded and heated in an appropriate blending ratio, and then pulverized and classified to have an average particle size of 15 to 258 Lm.

父 第啓図乃至第４図は前記複写機に使用される本発明の実
施例たる現像装置１０を示し、枠体２０と現像ローラ３
０と供給ローラ４０とクリーニング部材５０と穂高規制
部材６０とにより構成されている。Figures 1 to 4 show a developing device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention used in the copying machine, which includes a frame 20 and a developing roller 3.
0, a supply roller 40, a cleaning member 50, and a height regulating member 60.

枠体２０は、感光体７の円周方向に沿って該感光体７の
長手方向のほぼ全長に亙って配置され、」ニ゛方に形成
したカートリッジ装着部２１と、該装着部２１に連なり
、前記感光体７対面側を開「＋　ｌ、たトナー収納室２
２とよりなる。The frame 20 is disposed along the circumferential direction of the photoreceptor 7 over almost the entire longitudinal length of the photoreceptor 7, and has a cartridge mounting portion 21 formed on both sides, and a cartridge mounting portion 21 formed on both sides. The toner storage chamber 2 is continuous and the side facing the photoreceptor 7 is opened.
2 and more.

カートリッジ装着部２１にはトナー補給用カーＩ・リン
グ２３が着脱可能に装着されており、図示しな＞１剥離
手段を介してカートリッジ２３−ド面に貼着しノ たシール部材２４を剥離する事により、該カートリッジ
２３内のトナー４が枠体底板２５に沿って流下し、収納
室２２内に補給されるよう構成する。A toner replenishment ring 23 is removably attached to the cartridge mounting portion 21, and a sealing member 24 attached to the cartridge 23-board surface is peeled off via a peeling means (not shown). As a result, the toner 4 in the cartridge 23 flows down along the frame bottom plate 25 and is replenished into the storage chamber 22.

トナー収納室２２内には前記現像ローラ３Ｏと供給ロー
ラ４Ｏとクリーニング部材５０とが夫々感光体７回転軸
と平行になる如く、又前記供給ローラ４０上方には穂高
規制部材６０がその下端６１を供給ローラ４０外周面に
近接させて配設されている。Inside the toner storage chamber 22, the developing roller 3O, the supply roller 4O, and the cleaning member 50 are arranged parallel to the rotation axis of the photoconductor 7, respectively, and a height regulating member 60 is arranged above the supply roller 40 so that its lower end 61 is It is disposed close to the outer peripheral surface of the supply roller 40.

現像ローラ３ｏは導電性ゴムで形成した回転体３１と該
回転体３１の外周表面に塗布された導電性コート層３２
とよりなり、その外周面が感光体７外周面ローラ３０が
転接回転、即ち該現像ローラ３ｏが感光体７と同一の周
速度を有し且つ反対方向に回転するように構成している
。尚、前記感光体７外周面との接触は当接でも弾性的な
圧接でもいずれでもよい。そして前記導電性ゴムで形成
した回転体３１は電気抵抗として体積抵抗値が】０″Ω
ｃｍ以下、好又該現像ローラ３ｏは接地されており、且
つ前記の如く導電性である為、後記するように供給ロー
ラ４０との間で電界形成を可能なさしめる。The developing roller 3o includes a rotating body 31 made of conductive rubber and a conductive coating layer 32 applied to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 31.
The outer circumferential surface of the developing roller 30 rotates in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the photoreceptor 7, that is, the developing roller 3o has the same circumferential speed as the photoreceptor 7 and rotates in the opposite direction. Note that the contact with the outer circumferential surface of the photoreceptor 7 may be either contact or elastic pressure contact. The rotating body 31 made of conductive rubber has a volume resistance value of 0''Ω as an electrical resistance.
cm or less, and since the developing roller 3o is grounded and conductive as described above, it is possible to form an electric field between it and the supply roller 40 as described later.

次に前記コート層３２について詳細に説明するに、コー
・卜層３２の材質は、該コート層３２がトナー４と接触
した際、両者間の物性的な粘着抵抗な低くさせる為に前
記トナー４と同種の材料で形成すると共に、前記電界形
成を円滑に達成する為に回転体３１と同様にその体積抵
抗値が１０１１ΩｃＩ１１以下。Next, to explain the coat layer 32 in detail, the material of the coat layer 32 is selected so that when the coat layer 32 comes into contact with the toner 4, the physical adhesive resistance between the two is reduced. It is made of the same kind of material, and its volume resistivity is 1011 ΩcI11 or less similarly to the rotating body 31 in order to smoothly form the electric field.

好ましくはＩＯ！５〜】０９Ωｃｍの範囲に制御してい
る。Preferably IO! It is controlled within the range of 5~]09Ωcm.

ここで「前記トナー４と同種Ｊとは、ｌｊｈ述したトナ
ー４を構成する材料である樹脂、磁性粉、着色剤、抵抗
制御剤、及び添加剤等の内の少なくバ一種を含む組成材
料で形成されたものをいう。Here, "J of the same type as the toner 4" refers to a composition material containing at least one of the materials constituting the toner 4 described above, such as resin, magnetic powder, colorant, resistance control agent, and additives. Refers to something that has been formed.

尚、本実施例においては前記１・す−４を構成する材料
中のマクネタイトやカーボンブラック等の抵抗制御剤の
配合比のみを変えて（増量）その体積抵抗値を１０５〜
１０’ｊ　０ｃｍの範囲に制御して形成し大となり、後
記する如くトナーの４−１着と電界形成の上でにとって
好ましくない為、１・す−４の平均粒径の１０倍以下、
好ましくは約３〜５倍程度の膜厚になるように彫版する
。In this example, only the blending ratio of the resistance control agent such as macnetite or carbon black in the material constituting 1.S-4 was changed (increased) to increase the volume resistivity from 105 to 105.
If the particle size is controlled to be within the range of 10'j 0cm, it becomes large, which is not preferable for the toner's 4-1 adhesion and electric field formation, as will be described later.
The engraving is preferably done so that the film thickness is approximately 3 to 5 times greater.

又該コート層３２の塗布は、前記導電性ゴムで形成した
回転体３１表面の凹凸を吸収して現像ローラ３Ｏ表面が
平滑な面になるように行なえばよく、又該塗布手段はス
プレー、はけ塗り、ディ・ンピングその他の周知の塗布
方法により行ない、更に前記回転体３１表面からの剥離
を防止する為焼付は又は電子線硬化させてもよい。Further, the coating layer 32 may be applied so as to absorb the unevenness on the surface of the rotating body 31 formed of the conductive rubber so that the surface of the developing roller 3O becomes a smooth surface. The coating may be applied by a well-known coating method such as brush coating, dipping, or the like, and baking or electron beam curing may be performed to prevent peeling from the surface of the rotating body 31.

前記現像ローラ３０の感光体７接触側の上流側、即ちト
ナー４収容室の入「］側には、その外周面を前記現像ロ
ーラ３ｏ外周面に近接させて供給ローラ４０が配置され
ている。A supply roller 40 is disposed on the upstream side of the photoreceptor 7 contact side of the developing roller 30, that is, on the entrance side of the toner 4 storage chamber, with its outer circumferential surface being close to the outer circumferential surface of the developing roller 3o.

該供１Δローラ４Ｏは、表面に多数の磁極を形成した円
柱状の磁石集成体４１と、該集成体４１の周囲に前記磁
石集成体４１と導電性スリーブ４２間を相対的に回転す
る事により、導電性スリーブ４２」二に穂状に担持され
たトナー４　（磁気ブラシ４ａ）が現像ローラ３Ｏ偏に
搬送ネれるよう構成する。ここで「相対的に回転する」
とは、前記磁石集成体４１と導電性スリーブ４２の両者
又はいずれか一方を回転させ、該磁石集成体４１と導電
性スリーブ４２間に相対速度が発生している場合をいう
。The additional 1Δ roller 4O includes a cylindrical magnet assembly 41 having a large number of magnetic poles formed on its surface, and a conductive sleeve 42 that rotates around the magnet assembly 41. The toner 4 (magnetic brush 4a) carried in the shape of a spike on the conductive sleeve 42 is conveyed unevenly to the developing roller 3O. Here "relative rotation"
This refers to a case where the magnet assembly 41 and/or the conductive sleeve 42 are rotated and a relative speed is generated between the magnet assembly 41 and the conductive sleeve 42.

次に供給ローラ４０のｉ成について更に詳細に説明する
と、前記供給ローラ４０は、前記現像ローラ３０の供給
ローラ４０近接点（以下供給位置という）から感光体７
接触点（以下現像位置という）までの周面長さくα）が
、感光体７の静電潜像７ａを形成する露光地点より前記
現像位置までの長さくβ）より大になる如く配置され、
又該供給ローラ４０と前記現像ローラ３Ｑ間の対向間隔
を０．３　ｍｍ程度に設定している。Next, the i-formation of the supply roller 40 will be explained in more detail.
Arranged so that the circumferential length α) to the contact point (hereinafter referred to as the development position) is larger than the length β) from the exposure point where the electrostatic latent image 7a of the photoreceptor 7 is formed to the development position,
Further, the facing distance between the supply roller 40 and the developing roller 3Q is set to about 0.3 mm.

そして前記供給ローラ４０にＣま変調された交流又形成
された静電電荷と逆極性の直流電圧が前記供給ローラ４
０に印加され、前記導電性の現像ローラ３０間の供給位
置付近に所定強度の°電界を発生させる。又前記電圧印
加手段４３は電圧制御可能に構成している為、前記両ロ
ーラ３Ｏ１４０間の電界強度を自由にコントロールする
事が出来る。更に前記電圧印加手段４３とローラ４０間
には制御回路４４を介在させ、前記露光装置８による露
光工程終了と同時又は直後に前記電圧印加手段４３をＯ
ＦＦにするよう構成する。Then, a C modulated alternating current voltage or a direct current voltage having a polarity opposite to the formed electrostatic charge is applied to the supply roller 40.
0 to generate an electric field of a predetermined strength near the supply position between the conductive developing rollers 30. Further, since the voltage applying means 43 is configured to be voltage controllable, the electric field strength between both the rollers 3O140 can be freely controlled. Furthermore, a control circuit 44 is interposed between the voltage application means 43 and the roller 40, and the voltage application means 43 is turned off at the same time or immediately after the exposure process by the exposure device 8 is completed.
Configure it to be FF.

尚、前記電圧印加手段４３は１本実施例とは逆に現像ロ
ーラ３０側に接続させてもよいが、現像ローラ３０側に
直流電圧を印加すると、感光体７表面と現像ローラ３０
間にも電位差が生じてしまい、例えば静電電荷と逆極性
の直流電圧を印加した場合にもある。Incidentally, one voltage applying means 43 may be connected to the developing roller 30 side contrary to the present embodiment, but when a DC voltage is applied to the developing roller 30 side, the surface of the photoreceptor 7 and the developing roller 30 are connected.
A potential difference also occurs between them, for example, when a DC voltage of opposite polarity to the electrostatic charge is applied.

クリーニング部材５０は前記現像ローラ３０の現像位置
下流側に位置し、ポリエステル、アクリル、レーヨン、
カーボン人すレーヨン、ナイロン、ビニロン等の導電性
ｍ維を回転軸の周囲に回転ブラシ状に、又は前記繊維を
巻回して回転ローラ状にして形成すると共に、その外周
面が前記現像ローラ３０の感光体７との現像位置下流側
から供給ローラ４０との供給位置までの間の、現像ロー
ラ３０表面に接するように配置する。The cleaning member 50 is located downstream of the developing position of the developing roller 30, and is made of polyester, acrylic, rayon,
Conductive fibers such as carbon fibers such as rayon, nylon, and vinylon are formed into a rotating brush shape around a rotating shaft, or the fibers are wound to form a rotating roller shape, and the outer peripheral surface of the fiber is formed into a rotating roller shape. It is arranged so as to be in contact with the surface of the developing roller 30 between the downstream side of the developing position with the photoreceptor 7 and the supplying position with the supply roller 40 .

そして該クリーニング部材５Ｏは、現像ローラ３０に残
留付着しているトナー４が感光体７側に掃き落される事
なく供給ローラ４０側にのみ掃き落されるようにその回
転方向と周速を設定している。旦体的には現像ローラ３
０の回転方向と反対方向に回転を付与すると共にその周
速度を＋ｉｉｊ記現像ローラ３０の周速度より犬になる
如く構成する。The rotation direction and peripheral speed of the cleaning member 5O are set so that the toner 4 remaining on the developing roller 30 is not swept off toward the photoreceptor 7 but only toward the supply roller 40. are doing. Physically speaking, it is developing roller 3.
The developing roller 30 is rotated in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the developing roller 30, and its circumferential speed is set to be smaller than the circumferential speed of the developing roller 30 described in +iiij.

穂高規制部材６０はブレード状をなし、その先端定の高
さに規制可能に構成する。The height regulating member 60 has a blade shape and is configured to be able to regulate its tip to a predetermined height.

次にかかる構成による本発明の詳細な説明する。Next, the present invention having such a configuration will be explained in detail.

先づ前記複写機が始動すると、前記感光体７の回転と共
に、現像ローラ３０、供給ローラ４０、及びクリーニン
グ部材５０が夫々所定の回転方向に回転し、且つ前記供
給ローラ４０に直流電圧が印加され、下記の順序で現像
が行なわれる。First, when the copying machine is started, the developing roller 30, the supply roller 40, and the cleaning member 50 rotate in predetermined rotational directions as the photoreceptor 7 rotates, and a DC voltage is applied to the supply roller 40. , development is performed in the following order.

即ち先づ、収納室２２内に滞留しているトナー４が、重
犯磁石集成体４１の磁気吸引力により導電性スリーブ４
２上に穂状（磁気ブラシ４ａ）に担持された後、磁石集
成体４１と導電性スリーブ４２間の相対的な回転により
現像ローラ３０側に搬送され、前記穂高規制部材６０に
より前記磁気ブラシ４ａの穂高が規制されながら、適切
な量のトナー４のみが現像ローラ３０間の供給位置に接
近する。That is, first, the toner 4 staying in the storage chamber 22 is attracted to the conductive sleeve 4 by the magnetic attraction force of the serious magnet assembly 41.
After being supported in the form of an ear (magnetic brush 4a) on the magnetic brush 4a, it is conveyed to the developing roller 30 side by the relative rotation between the magnet assembly 41 and the conductive sleeve 42, and the magnetic brush 4a is Only an appropriate amount of toner 4 approaches the supply position between the developing rollers 30 while the height of the toner is regulated.

前記供給ローラ４０には前記静電電荷と逆極性の直流電
圧が印加され、又導電性の現像ローラ３０が裟地されて
いる為、該両ローラ３Ｏ１４０間には前記直流電圧と対
応した電界が形成され、−力該ローラ３０，４０は互い
に逆方向に回転している為、両ローラ３０．４０間には
かなりの速度の相対的回転速度が存在し、従って前記供
給位置に導かれたトナー４は、両ローラ３０．４０間で
摺擦されながら該両ローラ３０．４０間に形成された電
界強度に対応した静電電荷と逆極性の電荷が付与され、
所望量のトナー４が現像ローラ３０の外周面全体に帯電
付着する。そして該現像ローラ３０に付着したトナー４
は、該ローラ３０の回転により感光体？側に搬送され前
記現像位置に導かれる。Since a DC voltage of opposite polarity to the electrostatic charge is applied to the supply roller 40, and the conductive developing roller 30 is wired, an electric field corresponding to the DC voltage is generated between the two rollers 3O140. Since the rollers 30, 40 are rotating in opposite directions to each other, there is a considerable relative rotational speed between the two rollers 30, 40, so that the toner guided to the supply position 4 is given a charge of opposite polarity to the electrostatic charge corresponding to the electric field strength formed between the two rollers 30.40 while being rubbed between the two rollers 30.40,
A desired amount of toner 4 is charged and adhered to the entire outer peripheral surface of the developing roller 30 . Toner 4 attached to the developing roller 30
Is the photoreceptor caused by the rotation of the roller 30? It is conveyed to the side and guided to the development position.

尚、前記現像ローラ３０のトナー付着早、即ち感光体７
側の現像位置に搬送される１・す−４４は、ｉｊう記供
給ローラ４０に印加する直流電圧を変化させる本により
自由に制御させる事が出来る為、従って感光体７表面に
形成された静電潜像が面積像か線画像かによって、又前
記潜像部のコピー濃度を調整する場合においても、前記
直流電圧を手動又は自動的に変化させる事により簡単に
コピー濃度の調整や画像部の種類による現像効果の選択
を簡単に行なう事が出来る。It should be noted that the speed at which the toner adheres to the developing roller 30, that is, the speed at which the toner adheres to the photoreceptor 7
Since the 1-44 transported to the side development position can be freely controlled by changing the DC voltage applied to the supply roller 40, the static electricity formed on the surface of the photoreceptor 7 can be controlled freely. Depending on whether the latent image is an area image or a line image, or when adjusting the copy density of the latent image area, it is easy to adjust the copy density or the image area by manually or automatically changing the DC voltage. The development effect can be easily selected depending on the type.

次に、前記現像位置に導かれたトナー４は静電電荷と逆
極性に帯電している為、感光体７表面の静電潜像７ａと
接触する事により、該静電潜像７８部に吸引付着し、可
視像が形成される。Next, since the toner 4 guided to the development position is charged with a polarity opposite to the electrostatic charge, it comes into contact with the electrostatic latent image 7a on the surface of the photoreceptor 7, and is thus transferred to 78 parts of the electrostatic latent image. It attaches by suction and a visible image is formed.

この際、前記感光体７と現像ローラ３０は！ｆいに同一
周速度でもって転接されながら回転している為、前記ト
ナー４を感光体？へ摺擦させる事なしに現像する事が出
来、従って従来の−成分系現像方式の欠点である、機械
的摺擦による画像の乱れ（ずれ或いはにじみ）のない、
極めて鮮明な画像を得る事が出来る。At this time, the photoreceptor 7 and the developing roller 30! Because the toner 4 is rotating at the same circumferential speed while being in rolling contact with the photoreceptor? Developing can be done without rubbing, and therefore there is no image disturbance (shift or smearing) caused by mechanical rubbing, which is a drawback of conventional component-based development methods.
Extremely clear images can be obtained.

特に本実施例においては前記現像ローラ３Ｏ表面層がコ
ート層３２を介して導電性ゴム状の回転体３１で形成さ
れている為、該現像ローラ３０が感光体７表面に押し付
けられながら（弾性的に当接）転接させる事が出来、現
像効率が更に向上する。In particular, in this embodiment, since the surface layer of the developing roller 3O is formed of a conductive rubber-like rotating body 31 with the coating layer 32 in between, the developing roller 30 is pressed against the surface of the photoreceptor 7 (elastically The developing efficiency is further improved.

又前記現像は従来の一成分系現像方式のように機械的摩
擦により電荷を付与するのではなく、前）記供給ローラ
４０と現像ローラ３０間の供給位置で強制的に帯電させ
た１・す−４を、前記感光体７に転接させながら前記静
電潜像部に電気的吸引・刺着させている為、現像効率が
極めて高くなる。Further, the development is not performed by applying an electric charge by mechanical friction as in the conventional one-component development system, but by forcibly charging the 1. -4 is electrically attracted and stuck to the electrostatic latent image area while being in rolling contact with the photoreceptor 7, so that the developing efficiency is extremely high.

例えば、反射光学濃度で示される印刷濃度を１゜４以−
１−にする為には、前記従来公知の一成分系現像方式に
おいては感光体７の表面電位を１００ＯＶ以−１−にす
る必要があったが、本実施例においては感光体７の表面
電位を４００ｖまで下げても、１．４以−ヒの印刷濃度
を維持する事が出来た。For example, if the print density indicated by the reflective optical density is set to 1°4 or more,
In order to make the surface potential 1-, it was necessary to make the surface potential of the photoconductor 7 100OV or more -1- in the conventionally known one-component development system, but in this embodiment, the surface potential of the photoconductor 7 was Even when the voltage was lowered to 400V, it was possible to maintain a printing density of 1.4 or higher.

更に本実施例においては、前記現像ローラ３０の、導電
性ゴムで形成した回転体３１と１・す−４間に、該トナ
ー４と同種の材質よりなる低抵抗の導電性コート層３２
が介在している為、現像ローラ３０表面とトナー４間の
表面エネルギーを小さくする事が出来、前記トナー４−
が現像ローラ３Ｏから感光体７へ移転（吸引付着）する
のが容易になり、感光体７表面の画像鮮明度が向上する
。又前記コート層３２の介在は現像ローラ３０表面への
トナー４の付着を防ぐ事が出来、該１・す−４の４−３
着に起因する現像ローラ３０表面の時系列的な抵抗変化
とバラツキによる現像条件の不安定化や画像むら等を防
止する事が出来る。Furthermore, in this embodiment, a low-resistance conductive coating layer 32 made of the same material as the toner 4 is provided between the rotary body 31 made of conductive rubber and 1.4 of the developing roller 30.
is present, the surface energy between the surface of the developing roller 30 and the toner 4 can be reduced, and the toner 4-
is easily transferred (adhered by suction) from the developing roller 3O to the photoreceptor 7, and the image clarity on the surface of the photoreceptor 7 is improved. Further, the presence of the coating layer 32 can prevent the toner 4 from adhering to the surface of the developing roller 30, as described in 4-3 of 1.S-4.
It is possible to prevent instability of developing conditions and image unevenness due to time-series resistance changes and variations on the surface of the developing roller 30 caused by deposition.

１ｊｕ記現像現像を通過した現像ローラ３Ｏは更に回転
しクリーニング部材５０に達する。このクリーニング部
材５０は現像ローラ３０表面に摺擦されながら回転して
いる為、現像ローラ３Ｏに残留刺着しているトナー４の
供給ローラ４０側への掃き落しが確実に行なわれる。こ
の際、本実施例においては前記現像ローラ３０の表面を
トナー４と同種の材質よりなる導電性コート層３２を塗
布しである為、前記トナー４の掃き落としが更に容易に
なる。The developing roller 3O, which has passed through the development stage 1j, further rotates and reaches the cleaning member 50. Since the cleaning member 50 rotates while being rubbed against the surface of the developing roller 30, the toner 4 remaining stuck on the developing roller 3O is reliably swept away toward the supply roller 40 side. At this time, in this embodiment, since the surface of the developing roller 30 is coated with a conductive coating layer 32 made of the same material as the toner 4, the toner 4 can be more easily swept away.

このようにクリーニング部材５０を前記現像位置下流側
より供給位置までの間の現像ローラ３０表面に接触させ
て配置した為、前記現像ローラ３０の表面が常にクリー
ンな状態で次の帯電に備える棋が出来、この結果、前記
供給ローラ４Ｏと現像ローラ３０間の電界強度は常に一
定し、前記両ローラ３０．４０間で繰り返し帯電が行な
われても、現像ローラ３０に刺着するトナー４の量に変
動が生じる事かなく、安定した画像形成が可能となる。Since the cleaning member 50 is disposed in contact with the surface of the developing roller 30 between the downstream side of the developing position and the supply position, the surface of the developing roller 30 is always kept clean and ready for the next charging. As a result, the electric field strength between the supply roller 4O and the developing roller 30 is always constant, and even if charging is repeatedly performed between the rollers 30 and 40, the amount of toner 4 sticking to the developing roller 30 is constant. Stable image formation is possible without fluctuations.

又前記クリーニング部材５０によるトナー４の掃き落し
は、感光体７側に掃き落される事なく供給ローラ４０側
にのみ掃き落される為、現像後の感光体７表面の可視像
部や背景部に余分なトナー４が刺着する事なく、画像の
乱れ等を防止出来る。Further, the cleaning member 50 sweeps off the toner 4 only toward the supply roller 40 side without sweeping it toward the photoconductor 7 side. The excess toner 4 does not stick to the area, and image disturbance can be prevented.

更に前記クリーニング部材５０はいずれも導電性材料で
形成されている為、前記掃き落としの際。Furthermore, since the cleaning members 50 are all made of a conductive material, during the sweeping process.

１・す−４の帯電を除電させる事が出来、次の再使用の
際何等問題を生じさせない。It is possible to eliminate the static charge of 1.S-4, and it will not cause any problem when it is reused next time.

以下前記作用を繰り返しながら現像を１１なう。Thereafter, development is carried out 11 times while repeating the above operations.

そして現像終了時においては、前記’Ａ　Ｘ、装置８に
よる露光工程終了と同時又は直後に、＋ｉｉｊ　＋Ｎ　
Ｙｔ　ＪＩｆ印加゛手段４３をＯＦＦにして前記供給ロ
ーラ４０　（Ｉｌｌへの直流電圧の印加を１にめ、前記
両ローラ３０．４０　ｆｉｌｌの電界を遮断する事によ
り現像ローラ３０へのトナー４の供給を止め、現像に必
要なトナー４以外のトナーを該現像ローラ３０に載せな
０ようにして現像ローラ３０を回転させ、該露光工程終
−ｉ’　Ｊｆ　３：ｊ、で１杉成された最後端の静電潜
像７ａを現像した１多、８表現像された可視像が転写又
はその後の最終−１’石見、ｌ！すち最終画像を形成す
るまでの間へ、前記現像ローラ３０上に＋１着していた
最後端のトナーカ＼ｊ見像（，１，ｉＩｖ＋’、即ち感
光体７接触位置を通過し、四にＦ’　Ｊｆｔ　（１１１
１のクリーニング部材５０により掃き落とされ、１１表
現像ローラ３０表面にトナー４が何等（−ＪノＩされな
ｌ、％状ｆへ１で機械を停止にさせる。Then, at the end of development, +iij +N
The toner 4 is supplied to the developing roller 30 by turning off the Yt JIf applying means 43, setting the DC voltage application to the supply roller 40 (Ill) at 1, and cutting off the electric field of both the rollers 30 and 40 fill. The developing roller 30 is rotated so that no toner other than toner 4 necessary for development is placed on the developing roller 30, and the final image formed at the end of the exposure process is -i' Jf 3:j. The electrostatic latent image 7a at the end is developed, and the developed visible image is transferred or transferred to the developing roller 30 until the final image is formed. The rearmost toner car \j image (, 1, iIv+', that is, the toner car that had arrived at +1 above
The toner 4 is swept off by the cleaning member 50 of No. 1, and the toner 4 is removed from the surface of the image roller 30 of No. 11.

尚、本実施例においては前記現像ローラ３０の０（船位
置から感光体７と接触する現像（を置、までの１．’＝
’１面長さくα）が、感光体７の静電潜像７ｄをノ杉成
する露光地点より前記現像位置までの長さくβ）より大
になる如く構成している為、前記現像ローラ３０」―に
付着していた最後端のトナーが現像位置を通過するまで
の間に露光工程終了地点で形成された最後端の静電潜像
７ａが前記現像位置を通過し、前記作用が円滑に達成さ
れる。In this embodiment, the developing roller 30 is set at 0 (1.' from the boat position to the position of the developing device in contact with the photoreceptor 7).
Since the length of one surface α) is larger than the length β) from the exposure point where the electrostatic latent image 7d of the photoreceptor 7 is formed to the development position, the developing roller 30 Before the toner at the rear end, which had been attached to the toner, passes through the development position, the rearmost electrostatic latent image 7a formed at the end point of the exposure process passes through the development position, and the above-mentioned action is carried out smoothly. achieved.

以上記載した如く本発明によれば、感光体表面に接触又
は近接回転させる導電性回転部材の外周面に表面コ−１
・層を形成すると共に、該コート層を前記トナーと同種
にして該トナーより低抵抗なＹ４料、即ちトナーを構成
する組成材料を少なく共−秤以上含み、社つ１０　ΩＣ
１］ｌ以下の体積抵抗値を有するコート材料を用いて形
成した為、該回転部材の表面に形成したコ−１・層が導
電性を維持しながらも前記トナーと電気的に反発する事
となり、この結果、導電性回転部材の電極としての機能
が減耗される＋ｌ＜なく、該回転部材とトナー間に生じ
る物性的な粘着抵抗を大幅に低減させる１１￥が出来る
。As described above, according to the present invention, a surface coat is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the conductive rotating member that is rotated in contact with or close to the surface of the photoreceptor.
・At the same time as forming a layer, the coat layer is made of the same type as the toner and contains a Y4 material having a lower resistance than the toner, that is, a less amount of the composition materials constituting the toner, and has a resistance of 10 ΩC.
1] Since it is formed using a coating material having a volume resistivity of 1 or less, the Co-1 layer formed on the surface of the rotating member electrically repels the toner while maintaining conductivity. As a result, the function of the conductive rotating member as an electrode is not diminished, and the physical adhesive resistance generated between the rotating member and the toner can be significantly reduced.

従って、前記トナーの感光体表面への転移（吸引付着）
を容易ならしめる事により画像濃度の低下や画像むらを
避けるコ１９が出来、画像の町明度が大幅に向上する。Therefore, the toner is transferred to the photoconductor surface (suction adhesion).
By making it easier, it is possible to avoid a decrease in image density and image unevenness, and the brightness of the image is greatly improved.

又現像後、前記回転部材表面に残留刺着しているトナー
はコート層と電気的に反発している為、クリーニング部
材等で簡単に掃き落とす東が出来、前記現像を繰り返し
行なっても回転部材表面にトナーが（偏在して）固着又
は凝集する小がなく、長期に互って現像条件の安定化が
図れる。In addition, after development, the toner remaining stuck on the surface of the rotating member is electrically repelled by the coating layer, so it can be easily swept away with a cleaning member, etc., and even if the development is repeated, the toner remains stuck to the rotating member. There is no tendency for toner to stick or aggregate (unevenly distributed) on the surface, and development conditions can be stabilized over a long period of time.

更に前記実施例のように、導電性回転ローラと供給ロー
ラ間に電界を形成しトナーに借上を行なう場合でも、前
記ニー１・層は低抵抗の為′重荷が誘起される事がなく
、従って前記回転部材表面から剥離する等の恐れも生し
ない。Furthermore, even when an electric field is formed between the conductive rotating roller and the supply roller to apply to the toner as in the embodiment described above, since the knee 1 layer has a low resistance, no load is induced. Therefore, there is no risk of peeling off from the surface of the rotating member.

更に又、前記導電性回転部材は一般にゴム又は樹脂で形
成される場合が多く、成形１１ｒに表面が凸凹になり易
いが、該回転部材の表面にコート層を形成する事により
、筒中に前記凹凸を吸収して＝Ｉ’滑な外周面を得る事
が出来、画像むら等を防１１−する事が出来る。Furthermore, the conductive rotating member is generally made of rubber or resin in many cases, and the surface tends to be uneven when molded 11r. However, by forming a coating layer on the surface of the rotating member, the unevenness inside the cylinder can be improved. By absorbing =I', a smooth outer peripheral surface can be obtained, and image unevenness can be prevented.

等の種々の著効を有す。It has various effects such as

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図乃至第３図は本発明の実施例を示し、第１図は本
実施例に係る現像装置が適用される複写機の概略説明図
、第２図は前記現像装置の断面図、第３図はトナーの付
着状態を示す説明図である。 第２図 第３図 手続補正書（方式） １、事件の表示 昭和５８年特許願第２３７９７０号 ２、発明の名称　乾式現像装置 ３、補正をする者 事件との関係　特許出願人 住所　京都府京都市山科区東野井−１−，町５２番地１
１氏名（名称）　京セラ株式会社 ４、代理人　〒１０４　廿５５２−２５４４昭和５９年
３月２７日「発送日」 ６、補正の対象 図面（浄書） ７、補正の内容 別紙の通り1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a copying machine to which a developing device according to the present embodiment is applied, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the developing device, and FIG. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of adhesion of toner. Figure 2 Figure 3 Procedural amendment (method) 1. Indication of the case Patent Application No. 237970 of 1982 2. Title of the invention Dry developing device 3. Person making the amendment Relationship to the case Patent applicant address Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture Ichiyamashina-ku Higashinoi-1-, Town 52-1
1. Name Kyocera Corporation 4. Agent 104 廿552-2544 March 27, 1980 "Date of shipment" 6. Drawings subject to amendment (engraving) 7. Contents of amendment as per attached sheet

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 表面にトナーを付着ル感光体表面に接触又は近接回転す
る導電性回転部材の外周面に表面コート層を被着させる
と共に、該コート層を形成するコート材料が、前記トナ
ーを構成する組成材料の内少なく共一種以上の組成材料
を含み、且つ１が１Ωｃｍ以下の体積抵抗値を有する事
を特徴とする乾式現像装置Adhering toner to the surface: A surface coating layer is applied to the outer circumferential surface of a conductive rotating member that rotates in contact with or in close proximity to the photoreceptor surface, and the coating material forming the coating layer is made of the composition material constituting the toner. A dry developing device characterized in that at least one of the components includes one or more composition materials, and one of the components has a volume resistivity of 1 Ωcm or less.